US3473531A - Reservoir bag for breathing circuits - Google Patents

Reservoir bag for breathing circuits Download PDF

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Publication number
US3473531A
US3473531A US474784A US3473531DA US3473531A US 3473531 A US3473531 A US 3473531A US 474784 A US474784 A US 474784A US 3473531D A US3473531D A US 3473531DA US 3473531 A US3473531 A US 3473531A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
bag
thread
traction
valve
vent valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US474784A
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English (en)
Inventor
John Edward Tatham
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BOC Group Ltd
Original Assignee
British Oxigen Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by British Oxigen Ltd filed Critical British Oxigen Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3473531A publication Critical patent/US3473531A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0057—Pumps therefor

Definitions

  • a self-venting elongated rebreathing bag which operates irrespective of the direction in which the equatorial zone of the bag is squeezed has a vent valve in one side wall. This is connected to at least two points spaced-apart in the equatorial zone from both the valve, each other, and the flow port. Thus the vent valve is opened only when the bag is distended to a chosen extent, and not by manual pressure on the walls of the bag.
  • This invention relates to reservoir bags such as are used in breathing circuits for treating human or animal patients.
  • a reservoir bag from which gas is delivered to the patient.
  • bags commonly consist of a bladder of rubber or like elastic material, which in the expanded condition is generally ellipsoidal, and which has a port at one or both of the extremities of its major axis for normal gas flow into and out of the bag.
  • One particular form of such a bag may be described as being defined by four walls, all of elliptical form, joining along their peripheries. Two of the walls, facing one another, assume a flat position when the bag is collapsed, and will be referred to as the end walls, and the other two walls fold inwardly along their major axis when the bag is collapsed and will be referred to as the side walls.
  • the minor axes of the elliptical walls define an equator around the bag, and the general region of the bag surface around this equator will be referred to as the equatorial zone.
  • the plane including this equator will be referred to as the equatorial plane.
  • assisted or controlled ventilation of the patient may be carried out by manual squeezing of the bag, the gas being delivered through an inflating valve. Pressure is applied manually about the equatorial zone of the bag.
  • Certain inflating valves have the property that if, due to excessive gas flow from the anaesthetic machine during exhalation, the reservoir bag becomes distended, the inflating valve will change to the inflating phase before exhalation is complete and remain in this state until action is taken to rectify the condition.
  • a disadvantage of such a self venting bag is that if manual pressure is applied to the equatorial zone in a direction normal to the axis of the thread, the gas Will be vented through the valve to atmosphere instead of being delivered to the patient.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a self venting bag in which the degree of expansion of the bag which can occur before the valve opens is adjustable.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide a selfventing bag, the contents of which can be readily dumped should the need arise.
  • the movable valve element of the vent valve is connected to the bag by traction means at points spaced apart around the equatorial zone, whereby when, upon inflow of gas, the bag expands in excess of a predetermined extent in any direction in the equatorial plane the traction means exerts a force on the movable valve element to open the vent valve and permit discharge of gas therethrough.
  • the traction means may be connected between the movable valve element of the vent valve and the side walls of the bag.
  • the traction means may comprise an anchor thread connected between the side walls, and a traction thread connected between the movable valve element of the vent valve and the anchor thread.
  • the traction means and in particular the traction thread, is adjustable in effective length so that the permissible degree of expansion of the bag may be adjusted.
  • the traction thread may be connected to the anchor thread by a coupling member which frictionally grips the traction member at a desired position along its length.
  • the traction thread may be looped around the anchor thread, but in a preferred arrangement the traction thread is secured by friction coupling means to a rider which is slidable along the anchor thread, said friction coupling means permitting the effective length of the traction thread to be altered whereby the permissible degree of expansion of the bag may be adjusted.
  • the valve element may comprise a centrally fixed flexible disc overlying a discharge port, and the traction thread may consist of two strands which are secured to diametrically opposite points on the disc.
  • FIGURE 1 shows a plan view of a self venting bag in the collapsed state
  • FIGURE 2 shows a lateral cross-section, in the equatorial plane, of the bag in the partially expanded state
  • FIGURE 3 shows a similar cross-section of the bag in the state of maximum expansion.
  • the body of the self venting bag is in the form of a moulded bladder defined by two end walls 1 and two side walls 2 of sheet rubber, the walls joining along their edges to form a sealed enclosure.
  • the walls are elliptical in form, and in the collapsed state of the bag the end walls lie fiat and the side walls fold in along the lines of their major axes.
  • a port defined by a still rubber collar 3, which is adapted to seal onto a conduit (not shown) of a breathing circuit for normal gas flow into and out of the bag.
  • the interior of the bag communicates with a tube 4 closed at its outer end which may be severed to provide a second port.
  • a loop 5 is provided for hanging up the bag.
  • One of the end walls 1 has a central port 6 in which is secured a plug 7 of rigid plastic material by means which include a resilient ring 8 holding a lip 9 of the port 6 in sealing engagement with the cylindrical flanges 10 of the plug 7.
  • Discharge ports are provided between cross arms 11 joining the cylindrical flanges 10. At the intersection of the arms 11 is a hole 12, in which is fitted the spigot 13 of a resilient valve member, the main portion of which is in the form of a flexible disc 14.
  • the valve member is centrally fixed by the spigot 13, the disc providing radially movable valve elements in the form of two flaps 14a and 1417 which cover the discharge ports.
  • each of the flaps 14a and 14b is attached to each of the flaps 14a and 14b a strand of a traction thread which may be pulled to move the flaps 14a and 14b radially of the bag and so open the vent valve formed by the combination of the plug 7 and the flexible disc 14.
  • Each strand 20 passes through a small hole 24 in a washer-like rubber rider 21 which constitutes an adjustable coupling member frictionally gripping the traction thread at a desired position along its length.
  • the small holes 24 extend transversely and non-axially through the rider 21 and are of such a size that each strand is normally held in the rider 21 by friction.
  • it is desired to adjust the effective length of traction thread between the rider 21 and the valve flaps 14a and 14b it is possible at any time to overcome this frictional force and to slide the rider 21 along these strands 20 to the required position.
  • the traction means for the vent valve includes an anchor thread 23 which extends across the bag and has its ends secured to the centres of the side walls 2. This anchor thread passes through the central orifice of the rider 21, and it will be seen that the valve flaps 14a and 14b are thereby connected to the centres of the side walls 2.
  • anchor thread be connected to the centre points of the side walls, nor that these points are disposed accurately in the equatorial plane so long as the traction means can respond to excessive expansion of the bag in the equatorial plane.
  • FIGURES 2 and 3 The operation of the invention may be understood from FIGURES 2 and 3. As shown in FIGURE 2 the bag is only partially inflated by gas supplied through the port defined by the rubber collar 3, and the strands 20 of the traction thread and the anchor thread 23 are slack. In this state the vent valve remains closed by virtue of the resilience of the disc 14, which normally assumes the flat position, and the pressure of gas within the bag against the disc 14.
  • the partially inflated bag In normal use, the partially inflated bag is squeezed about its equatorial zone to cause flow of gas from the bag into the breathing circuit, and the pressure in the bag then increases.
  • the vent valve cannot open under these conditions, irrespective of the direction in the equatorial plane in which the bag is squeezed, since the traction thread remains slack.
  • an excessive quantity of gas is supplied to the bag an expansion to the state shown in FIGURE 3 may take place, with resultant tautening of the strands 20 of the traction thread and of the anchor thread 23.
  • the traction means has opened the vent valve and excess pressure is being vented.
  • vent valve In this design the operation of the vent valve is not dependent on whether it is the end walls or the side walls which are squeezed. If however the bag is compressed lengthwise, the expansion of the bag in the equatorial plane opens the valve and this allows the contents to be rapidly dumped.
  • vent valve is, by nature. a one-way valve. In consequence when the bag is in the collapsed condition so that no gas is stored in the bag for inhalation, the patient can continue to inhale by drawing air in through the vent valve.
  • a reservoir bag for use in a breathing circuit comprising an inflatable bag defined by two side walls and two end walls, all elliptical form, joining along their peripheries, the bag being generally ellipsoidal in expanded condition and having a flow port at one extremity of its major axis and a vent port in one end wall, a vent valve in the vent port having a movable valve element, and traction means within the bag connecting the movable valve element to the said side walls, whereby when, upon inflow of gas through the flow port, the bag expands in excess of a predetermined extent in the equatorial plane a traction force is exerted on the movable valve element to open the vent valve and permit discharge of gas therethrough; said traction means comprising an anchor thread secured at its ends to the said side walls, and a traction thread connected to the anchor thread and extending to the movable valve element.
  • a reservoir bag as claimed in claim 1 and including a coupling member connecting the traction thread to the anchor thread, the coupling member being adapted to frictionally grip the traction thread at a desired position along its length.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
US474784A 1964-07-29 1965-07-26 Reservoir bag for breathing circuits Expired - Lifetime US3473531A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB30140/64A GB1039739A (en) 1964-07-29 1964-07-29 Reservoir bag for breathing circuits

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3473531A true US3473531A (en) 1969-10-21

Family

ID=10302954

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US474784A Expired - Lifetime US3473531A (en) 1964-07-29 1965-07-26 Reservoir bag for breathing circuits

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3473531A (de)
DE (1) DE1491642B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1039739A (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3889706A (en) * 1973-02-21 1975-06-17 Px Petrocontrol Ab Float-controlled valve
US4082106A (en) * 1973-10-03 1978-04-04 Dresser Europe S. A. Air eliminator valve
US4109651A (en) * 1975-11-19 1978-08-29 Steigerwald Allan M Anesthetic gas exhaust system
US4231362A (en) * 1978-10-02 1980-11-04 Robert M. Pearson Anesthesia ventilation system
US4244363A (en) * 1979-05-14 1981-01-13 Stanley C. Weinrich Disposable anesthesia circuit
US4811732A (en) * 1985-04-25 1989-03-14 Draegerwerk Ag Protective breathing apparatus having breathing air circulation

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4252114A (en) * 1979-06-29 1981-02-24 Mine Safety Appliances Company Breathing bag assembly
DE3617327A1 (de) * 1986-05-23 1987-11-26 Frimberger Erintrud Vorrichtung zur herzmassage und zur beatmung

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2268145A (en) * 1939-09-11 1941-12-30 Puritan Compressed Gas Corp Device for administering gases
US3088456A (en) * 1960-02-08 1963-05-07 Philip L Stanton Anesthetizing and gas therapy apparatus

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2268145A (en) * 1939-09-11 1941-12-30 Puritan Compressed Gas Corp Device for administering gases
US3088456A (en) * 1960-02-08 1963-05-07 Philip L Stanton Anesthetizing and gas therapy apparatus

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3889706A (en) * 1973-02-21 1975-06-17 Px Petrocontrol Ab Float-controlled valve
US4082106A (en) * 1973-10-03 1978-04-04 Dresser Europe S. A. Air eliminator valve
US4109651A (en) * 1975-11-19 1978-08-29 Steigerwald Allan M Anesthetic gas exhaust system
US4231362A (en) * 1978-10-02 1980-11-04 Robert M. Pearson Anesthesia ventilation system
US4244363A (en) * 1979-05-14 1981-01-13 Stanley C. Weinrich Disposable anesthesia circuit
US4811732A (en) * 1985-04-25 1989-03-14 Draegerwerk Ag Protective breathing apparatus having breathing air circulation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1491642B1 (de) 1969-12-04
GB1039739A (en) 1966-08-17

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