US347266A - N petehs - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

^ f ,TDRAKB STEAM GENERATOR.

` Patented'Aug. 1o, 1885.

WITNESSES:

n PErERs Pnw-Uthagnner. wamxmon. n. c.

UNITED STATES YfrHoMAs Daarin, oF-HUDDnRs'FinLD, ENGLAND.

STEAM-elatuzRA-TOR.l

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 347,266,1ated August 10. 1,886- Appncation tied April ilificsc. serial No. 1951.845.Y (no model Patented in pagana Jury 2,1885, No. 8,021.

, erators, of which thefollowing isl a specification.

My invention relates to apparatus for gen- V erating steam in large volumes and at high pressures by means of heat derived from the burning of gas.V I provide a water-heater which consists of an outer casing or shell, within which are placed-two or more vertical cylinders 'or gas-bells, consisting of tubes having their upper ends closed and their lower ends open. Entering the lower portions of these' cylinders is a gas-pipe having a burner branching therefrom about the center of each cylinder. rIhe burner has a solid concave cap which projectsjslightly so as to form a rim,

and a series of holes are made in the burner,

at an angle of forty-five degrees, so that the gas, as it escapesfrom the perforations in the side of the burner, is thrown-up against` the inner sides of the two cylinders at the said angle of forty-ve degrees. Aroundeach of the vertical cylinders is a coil of metal piping connected together and communicating with a coil of larger dimensions placed in the upper portion of the casing. The water in the coiled pipes is heated by means of jetskof gas which issue'from a series of holes formed spirally around the two upright cylinders or gasbells. This form of boiler, combined with other mechanism, I now propose to employ for actuating steam-engines, pumps, and other purposes requiring steam, and in order to carry out my invention with regard to the steamengine, I place on the top (or other convenient position) of the 'said water-heater, a vessel, spherical, cylindrical, or of other suitable shape, and made of copper, brass, iron, orl other suit-able metal. This Vessel is connected to one end of the coiled pipes, and forms a steam-dome to receive the steam generated lin the pipes, and not for the reception/,of water, the said steam-dome being provided with a steam andwater gage-and blow-off valve, in

the same manner as an ordinary steam-boiler.

paratus I employ for carrying out my invention; and Fig. 2 is a transverse section of part thereof, taken in the plane of the line 2 2 in Fig. 1.4 l

The casing A, which` may be of sheet-iron or other material, is open at the bottom and covered at the top by perforated plates I, and by steam-dome I. Coiled pipes B, C, D, and D', are employed, the lower pipes being snpported by iiange E', projecting from cylinders E, while the larger coiled pipe, B, is supported byplateand bolt E2. The gas-cylinders E are closed at the top and open at the bottom, and have a series of perforations arranged spirally l around the portions of the cylinders above the ii'anges E. Gas issuppliedl to thebox Ffrom the pip'e G, and distributed from 'boxA F through pipes running throughV the cylinders EE E, having an inlet at the center of each cylinder by one or ,-more perforations. The gas thus introduced escapesthrough the spirally-arranged perforations, and is ignited by means of a taper or other means passed through the hole a.

The several coiled pipes herein enumerated contain water, and in order that there may be through communication between the lower and upper,` pipes they are connected by branch pipe H to the coil B, by which means a direct and Y continuous circulation of water takes place from end to end'of the coils.

On the top of the water-heater, orin any other convenient place, I fix the dome or vessel I, which is in communication with .the water-heater by pipe J, so that as steam is generated in the pipes it passes into and iills the dome, which is practically a rcceiverof steam, and is employed for purposes hereinafter explained. This dome is provided with an ordinary steam-gage, II, and by pipe L is connected to the valves lll of a steamengine, in exactly the same manner as the pipe from a steam-boiler. The said dome is also provided with a water-gage, N, so that the quantity of condensed water which may get therein can be seen and let out by tap O.

For the purpose of starting the engine, water can be supplied to the heater from the main service-pipe by tap P, after which it can be pumped in by the enginepump Q, and if necessary the feed-water may be heated before being pumped into the coiled pipes, and this I accomplish by the employment of the vessel Il, which, it will be observed, is made in the form of a jacket, or one vessel within another, leaving an annular space all around. The inner vessel is supplied with a small continuous stream of water from tap S, the stream being equal to the quantity ot' water required to keep up a continuous feed. The exhauststeam from the engine-cylinder, or a portion thereof, is then conducted by pipe T to the jaelieted vessel, whereby the water is heated, as will be well understood, and is pumped by the engine up the pipe U, and through the conductingpipe V. The several taps shown are necessary for supplying water to start the engine either by pressure from the main or by means of the hydraulic cylinder XV, as occasion may require, as hereinafter explained.

I n places wberethe pressure of water in the main is not sufficient I employ apparatus to increase the pressure, consisting of the hydraulic cylinder W, above referred to, the piston of which is forced down upon the water within the cylinder by the adjustable weights X, whereby the water is forced out under pressure through the pipe w tothe valve o, which, being opened,admits it to the coils. The weights X may represent any number of pounds per squareinch; but the pressure can be further increased by blowing steam upon the upper surface of the piston, conveyed thereto by pipe Y from the dome, whereby I am enabled to equalize the number of pounds pressure gained in the dome I by the hackpressure which operates against the weights X. Consequently Ialways obtain and maintain the same flow of water equal to the pressure of the weights X.

A stop-tap is shown at Z.

The employment of water from the main servicepipes or from the cylinder XV is only necessary for the purpose of starting the engine; but immediately the engine is set in motion the taps communicating with the main service-pipes or with the cylinder XV are at once closed, and the tap S (which is provided with a quadrant) is opened, which allows a stream of water to flow into thejacketed vessel R at a rate equal to the consumption required by the engine, such said stream of water being supplied either from the main or from a cistern or other convenient source.

The jacketed vessel It is heated by the exhaust-steam issuing from a small pipe, e, so that the stream of water flowing therein becomes heated, which is rendered serviceable as feed-water, as will be well understood, and from this time the engine becomes selfmaintaining.

By the employment of steam-boilers Yin the manner herein set forth for driving' steam-engines many advantages will be found over the ordinary steam boiler, such as a saving of fuel, the more rapid generation of steam, and the abatement of smoke. Long chimneys are also rendered unnecessary, and the starting of the engine is effected in a few minutes. Should the pipes be over-heated and cold water be quickly introduced, no serious explosion endangering either life or property would take place, as is the case with the present shell steam-boilers, because the pipes employed in the coils of the boiler or water-heater will rarely, if ever, exceed one and one-half inch in diameter, and the pressure to burst them would have to be equal to ve hundred pounds per square inch. enough water to generate steam before it has passed through them, the bursting of a pipe at any given point of the coil would only dis- 9 charge a jet of steam of the pressure above named, and certainly not suiiicient water to destroy life, besides which the peculiar formaytion of the boiler, being a coil, prohibits a possibility of any section being blown out when the explosion takes place, asis the case with other boilers of large internal area. As the domes I are of small capacity, it is'possible to have them made at a very little cost to withstand a pressure equal to five hundred pounds per squareinch. The boilers or water heaters as herein shown and described may have as many cylinders E and coiled pipes connected to them, according to size, may be found most compatible with economy, and according to horse -power required, and several such boilers may be combined and detached as is desirable. Theseforms of steamboilers also occupy less room, are less costly, more powerful, much safer, and take less attention; the pressure of the steam can also be quickly raised or lowered at once by instantaneously extinguishing the gas.

I claim as myinventionl. rIhe combination,to form asteam generator, of perforated gas cylinders or bells, gassupply pipes delivering thereinto, water-coils surrounding said cylinders, and a steam dome or receiver above said cylinders and communieating with said coils, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, to form a steam-generator, of a chamber, A, steam dome I', coil B, coils C D beneath, perforated gas bells or cylinders E E within said lower coils, and gas- As the coils contain only ICO IICZ

pipes delivering gas into said cylinders, with my name in the presence of two subscribing to a foreefpump, Q, for feeding water through witnesses. l said coils substantially as seb forth.

3. Theconibination, with a steam-engine THOS' BRAKE 5 and Steamgenerator, of a hydraulic cylinder, Witnesses:

W, for increasing the ypressure of Water in A. B. GRossLEY, order to startthe engine, substantially as se Mcwket Place, Hudderqeld, forth. l HARRY E. RILEY,

In Witness whereof I have hereunto signed Imperial Arcade, Huddersfield.

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