US608799A - seiffebt - Google Patents

Description

N0. 608,799. Patented Aug. 9, I898. H. SEIFFEBT.

STEAM GENERATOR.

(Application filed Dec. 18, 1897.)

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No. 608,799. Patented Aug. 9, I898. H. SEIFFERT.

STEAM GENERATOR.

(Application filed Dec. 18 1897.)

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No. 608,799. Patented Aug. 9, I898. H. SEIFFERT.

STEAM GENERATOR.

(Application filed Dec. 18. 1897. (No Model.) 4 sheets sheet 3.

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No. 608,799. Patented Aug. 9, I898. H. SEIFFERT.

STEAM GENERATOR.

{Appli cation filed Dec. 18, 1897.)

Min Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

lUnurrnn diaries Parent rrrcm HERD [ANN SEIFFERT, OF IIALLE-ON-TIIE-SAALE, GERMANY.

STEAM-GENERATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 608,799, dated August 9, 1898.

Application filed December 18,1897. Serial No. 662,468. (No model.) Patented in Germany April 23, 1896, No. 95,208, and in Belgium July 17, 1897,11'0. 129,511.

To (tZZ whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, IIERMANN SEIFFERT, a subject of the German Emperor, and a resident of Ilalle-on-the-Saale, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam Boilers or Generators, (for which Letters Patent have been obtained in Germany, No. 95,208, dated April 23, 1896, and in Belgium, No. 129,511, dated July 17, 1897;) and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters orfigures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention has relation to steam boilers or generators; and it has for its object the provision of means whereby steam can be generated more rapidly than is possible in the boilers now in use.

To this end the invention consists in gencrating steam in the usual manner and in spraying under the pressure of the steam so generated a mixture thereof and of the highlyheated water used into a heated space in which the pressure is lower than that of the forcing-steam, whereby the sprayed water is atomized by reason of such lower pressure and its conversion into steam greatly expedited, the steam so produced being preferably superheated before use.

In order that my invention may be fully understood, I will describe the same in detail, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section; Fig. 2, a vertical transverse section taken on or about on line at w of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 a

top plan view of a steam-boiler embodyingmy invention. Figs. 4 and 5 are vertical axial sections,at right angles to each other, of the steam-dome and part of the boiler. Fig. 6 is a similar view illustrating a modification in the construction of the devices employed for forcing steam and water into the auxiliary generator, said Figs. 4 to 6 being drawn to an enlarged scale; and Fig. 7 is a modification of the boiler.

As an example I have shown my invention in its application to a stationary horizontal sin gle-flue boiler M, in which the combustionchamber and grate G are located, as usual, at the forward or outer end of said flue, said boilerbeing provided with a steam-dome K, preferably of much greater capacity or interior area than usual. The boiler is so set within the masonry as to form return-fines F and F above and below said boiler. "Within the upper flue F is arranged a superheating-coil G, and above said flue, within a chamber 0 in the upper portion of the masonry, are located an auxiliary generator or vaporizer D and a steam-collector E, both preferably cylindrical and of considerable capacity or internal area, the collector E being at its rear end provided with a suitable valved steam-distributing branch I, and is at its forward end connected with one terminal of the 'superheating-coil G, the other terminal of which is connected with the auxiliary generator D.

As shown in Fig. 1, the'auxiliary generator D and collector E are not in direct contact with the flame that may issue from the rear end of the boiler-flue, but are heated by radiated heat, as well as heat passing through passages 12 p at ornear the forward and rear ends,respectively, of the chamber 0, in which said auxiliarygenerator and collector are arranged,said passages leading from said chamber into the upper horizontal and rear verticalflues F and F respectively. The products of combustion flow from the boiler-flue into the rear vertical flue F thence through the upper horizontal flue F nearly to the forward end of the boiler, thence down ward into the lower horizontal flue F, and finally by Way of fiue F to the chimney, the latter fiue being, as usual, provided with a damper.

To the forward end or head of the auxiliary generator D are connected two pipes O O,each provided near the head of said generator with a stop-cock H, and in each of said pipes is located a spraying-nozzle of any well-known construction, S S indicating the casings for said nozzles. The two pipes C O constitute branches leading from a feed-pipe B," that is in communication with or forms a continua tion of a pipe h, depending axially from the head of the steam-done D. The pipes O C,

branching from pipe B, are furtheimiore, provided with a regulating-valve V V between the casings S S and said feed-pipe B. By closing the stop-cocks II and valves V of one or the other pipe 0 the communication between the latter and the feed-pipe B and auxiliary generator D can be cut off and the sprayingnozzle removed, if desired, or when this becomes necessary. It will therefore be understood that the duplication of the pipes O Ois a mere matter of precaution or convenience and not an absolute necessity, in that provi sion is thereby made to afford access to either spraying device, should one or the other become inoperative from any cause, without interfering with the operation of the boiler.

The lower end of the feed or injection pipe B is connected with a suction-pipe A, that extends some distance into the boiler M itself, and has its mouth or inlet preferably trumpet shaped. At the point of connection between the pipes 71 and A is seated within the same an injector-nozzle cl, provided, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, at its inlet with peripheral ports 0, through which communication is established between the injector-nozzle d and the suction-pipe A on the one hand, and between said nozzle and a chamber 7t, formed around said nozzle and the pipe h by a concentric pipe a, that extends nearly to the head of the steamdomo K, said chamber having both ends closed, as shown, and being provided with peripheral steam-inlet ports Z near its upper end.

The operation of the steam-generator is as follows: At the beginning of the firing when the water-level in the boiler is at its highest point within the dome K, chamber 7t, and injcctor or feed pipe 71. above the outlet of nozzle (fl, as indicated at 1, the steam-space in the said dome is cut off from the said nozzle. As soon as steam collects in the dome its pressure upon the water causes the latter to rise in suction-pipe A and be forced through nozzle (Z and pipe h into pipes 13 O to the spraying devices S S and thence into the superheating-coil G, thereby preventing injury to said coil from the action thereon of the products of combustion which flow through the upper flue F, in which said coil is located, the water flowing through said coil being converted into steam by the heat, which steam flows to the collector E. At the same time the level of the water is lowered to its medium level 2, flush with the outlet of nozzle d. As the evaporation of the water in the boiler proceeds the water recedes from dome K correspondingly, the water in chamber h will be expelled through thenozzle cl, while the pressure of'the steam in said steam-dome increases until finally its pressure will be greater than that of the water and will flow with considerable force through chamber h, ports 0, and the injector-nozzle, whereby a partial vacuum will be formed in suction-pipe A and water drawn in, which highly-heated or boiling water will be forced with the jet of steam through the spraying device or devices S S into the auxiliary generator D, the injector performing substantially the same function as the ordinary feedinjector; but as the pressure in the auxiliary generator D is much lower than the pressure in the dome K-z'. 8., than that of the forcing steamthe sprayed water by reason of this lower pressure will be atomized, so that its conversion into steam in the heated auxiliary generator will take place, if not instantaneously, at least much more rapidly than in the boiler itself. The steam so produced flows through the superheating-coil G, where it is superheated before it reaches the collector E, from which it is taken for use.

As the water-level sinks by reason of its evaporation to its normal level 2 the pressure of the steam in dome K increases correspondingly until said pressure at the outletorifice of the injector d corresponds with the height of the column of water up to its level.

Thediameter of the outlet-orifice of the injector-nozzle (Z is so chosen as to impart to the steam an increased velocity, by reason of which a partial vacuum is formed in suctionpipe A, as above stated, so that the difference between the pressure of the steam and that of the water will be compensated and at the same time a certain impulse imparted to the water. The counter or back pressure at the outlet-orifice of the injector is so slight as not to influence its operation in the least, so that a uniform mixture of highly-heated or boiling water and steam will be continuously supplied to the spraying device or devices under a uniform pressure independent of the boiler-pressure, which mixture is sprayed into the vaporizer D and atomized, owing to the reduced pressure therein, as above stated.

By the means described as soon as the pressure in dome K is sufficient to operate the injector the steam as fast as it is generated will be forced, together with boilerwater, into the generator D, and after being superheated such steam will be collected for use in the collector E. Should an excess of steam be generated in boiler M, and thereby prevent such steam as fast as generated from passing through injector d, there will arise an excess of pressure in dome K relatively to the pressure of the water, whereby the level of the Water is caused to further recede, thereby correspondingly increasing the area of the steam-space as well as the velocity at which the steam passes through the injector.

The results set forth may be obtained by any other suitable means than those hereinabove des'cribedas, for instance, by the arrangement of devices shown in Fig. 6, wherein a U-shaped pipe p, terminating in an injector-nozzle d, which forms the smaller leg of said pipe, is made to project into the feedpipe B, the longer leg of said pipe having its trumpet-shaped steam-inlet near the head of the stea1n-dome K. The outlet-orifice of the injector-nozzle d is here also arranged on a line with thenormal water-level 2. The supply of water to the spraying devices is regulated by means of the stop-cocks V, above re-' ferred to.

Fig. 7 is a vertical longitudinal section of a modification of the steam-generator as employed in the case that the auxiliary generator D and collector E shall be maintained under like pressure.

In this case the spraying devices are done away with, and for the purpose of producing steam by a water circulation in the generator more speedily the auxiliary generator D is connected with the boiler M itself by a pipe I, in which is inserted a pipe R, conducting into the water-space of the boiler nearly one hundred millimeters under the lowest waterlevel. The auxiliary generator D is separated from the steam-collector E by means of apartition-wall S,a steam-distributing branch I being provided at the rear end of said collector E.

To the rearward end of the auxiliary steamgenerator D is connected a pipe T, provided with a valve V, said valve being connected by means of a bent pipe X with the forward end of the collector E. Said pipe T is connected by means of a pipe g with a superheating-coilG, placed above the boiler M, behind the dome K, and connected with a pipe l of the collector E by means of a pipe 9 The forward end of the auxiliary boiler D is connected by means of a pipe 0 with the feed-pipe B. As described with reference to Fig. 6, a U-shaped pipe 1) terminates in an injector-nozzle (Z, which forms the one leg of said pipe 1) and projects into the feed-pipe B,

the longer end of the latter having its trumpet-shaped steam-inlet near the head of the steam-dome K. However, the arrangement of the feed-pipe and nozzle as described with reference to Figs. 4 and 5 would also be adapted for the purpose and could be substituted therefor.

The operation of this construction is as follows: As soon as steam is taken from the distributing branch I the steam produced in the boiler flows through the pipes B G into the auxiliary generator D, carries away in passing therethrough the mixture of steam and water contained above the combustion-chamber, and the water being of higher specific gravity is thereby separated from the steam. Such water that is not converted into steam flows back into the boiler through the pipe P, and in this manner a quick circulation, and thereby a speedy production of steam, is ob tained. This saturated steam is conducted by pipe T and branch g into the superheating-coil G and flows from the latter in a superheated state through branch g and pipe L into the collector E. To such superheated steam saturated steam can be conducted through the valve V and bent pipe X, so that steam superheated to any desired degree may be taken from the collector through the distributing-pipe I.

Finally I may observe that the arrangcm out or setting of the boiler is such that nearly the whole of its surface is utilized as heating-surface, so that its dimensions relatively to the flue-boilers with steam-space as usually constructed and arranged and of equal capacity can be materially reduced.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new therein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In combination, a steam-boiler, an auxiliary generator, forcing appliances connected with the steam and water spaces of said boiler and with the auxiliary generator,which is otherwise disconnected from the boiler, said forcing devices organized to force water from the boiler and spray it into the auxiliary generator under the pressure of the steam in said boiler, and means for maintaining the pressure in the auxiliary generator below the boiler-pressure, for the purpose set forth.

2. In combination, a steam-boiler, an auxiliary generator, forcing appliances connected with the steam and water spaces of said boiler and with said auxiliary generator which is otherwise disconnected from the boiler, said forcing devices organized to force water from the boiler and spray it into the auxiliar generator by the pressure of the steam in said boiler, a steam-collector connected with the auxiliary generator, and means for heating said auxiliary generator and steam-collector, for the purpose set forth.

3. In combination, a steam-boiler, an auxiliary generator, forcing appliances connected with the steam and water spaces of said boiler and with said auxiliary generator, which is otherwise disconnected from the boiler,said forcing devices organized to force water from the boiler and spray it into the auxiliary generator by the pressure of the steam in said boiler, a steam-collector, a superheater connecting the auxiliary generator with said collector, and means for heating the said auxil-.

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iary generator, superheater, and steam-collector, for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination with a horizontal steamboiler, its housing or setting provided with a heating-chamber above its roof or crown, means for causing the furnace-gases to flow through said chamber, and an auxiliary generator and a steam-collector connected therewith, locatedin said chamber, of forcing appliances connected with the steam and water spaces of the boiler, and with said auxiliary generator, said appliances organized to force water from the boiler and spray it into the generator under pressure of the steam in said boiler, for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination with a horizontal steamboiler, its housing or setting provided with a heating-chamber above its roof or crown, means for causing the furnace-gases to flow through said chamber, and an auxiliary generator and a steam-collector connected therewith located in said chamber; of forcing appliances connected with the steam and water spaces of the boiler and with said auxiliary generator, said appliances organized to force Water from the boiler and spray it into the generator under pressure of the steam in said boiler, and a superheater Within the boilersetting connected With the auxiliary generator and collector, for the purpose set forth. 6. A horizontal flue-boiler, a chamber in which said boiler is set to form a rear Vertical flue, an upper return and a lower escape flue, the said return and escape flues parallel with the longitudinal axis of such boiler, a chamber above said return-fine, a generator and a steam-collector arranged in the last-named chamber, flues leading therefrom into the return-flue, and a superheating-coil in said return-flue having its terminals respectively connected With the rear and forward ends of said generator and collector; in combination with appliances operated by the pressure of steam generated in the boiler to force such steam together with the boilerwater into the aforesaid generator, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. The combination with the boiler and its steam-dome, and an auxiliary generator, of a feed-pipe extending from a point Within the steam-dome to said generator, a spraying device interposed in said pipe near its outlet into the generator, a suction-pipe c011- nccted With said feed-pipe and extending into the boiler, an injector-nozzle at the point of junction of said pipes, said nozzle projecting into the feed-pipe and having inlet-ports c, and the concentric pipe a extending from the inlet-ports of the injector near to the head of the steam-dome, said pipe closed at both ends and provided at its upper end with peripheral steam-inlet ports Z, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. The combination With a steam-boiler and an auxiliary generator, of forcing appliances comprising a force-pipe connected With said auxiliary generator and extending through the steam-dome into the Water-space of the boiler, and an injector located within said pipe and in communication with said steam dome, for the purpose set forth.

9. The combination with a steam-boiler, an auxiliary generator and steam-collector; of forcing appliances comprising a force-pipe connected with the auxiliary generator and extending through the steam-dome into the Water-space of the boiler, and an injector located in said pipe and in communication With said steam-dome, and a superheating-coil connecting the auxiliary generator with the steam-collector, for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as myinvention I have signed myname in presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

HERMANN SEIFFERT.

WVitnesses:

MAX. 0. STAEHLER, CHARLES H. DAY.

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