US3460609A - Nozzle for supplying melt to a mould in a continuous casting machine - Google Patents

Nozzle for supplying melt to a mould in a continuous casting machine Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3460609A
US3460609A US474280A US3460609DA US3460609A US 3460609 A US3460609 A US 3460609A US 474280 A US474280 A US 474280A US 3460609D A US3460609D A US 3460609DA US 3460609 A US3460609 A US 3460609A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
mould
nozzle
molten metal
metal
continuous casting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US474280A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Erik Allan Olsson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3460609A publication Critical patent/US3460609A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/07—Lubricating the moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
    • B22D41/60—Pouring-nozzles with heating or cooling means

Definitions

  • This application discloses a continuous casting apparatus wherein metal is delivered from a receptacle through a nozzle into the upper end of a reciprocating mould.
  • the mould is arranged for the introduction of lubricant into its upper end and the nozzle slidably projects into the upper end of the mold.
  • the nozzle has a water-cooled metal exterior portion in the form of a hollow annulus for sliding engagement with the mould. Provision is made for the escape of gas generated by the lubricant upwardly between the nozzle and the mould, and in addition the nozzle has a lower terminal portion of decreasing overall diameter so as to taper away from the mould Wall.
  • the watercooled metal annulus has a refractory sleeve passing therethrough which insulates the molten metal passing through the nozzle from the water-cooled surfaces and prevents premature cooling of this metal.
  • the molten metal is supplied to one end of an open-ended mould while the solidiiied or at least partly solidified material is simultaneously withdrawn from the opposite end of the mould.
  • the casting strand is usually advanced by means of driving rolls disposed below a cooling zone. Having passed the driving roll, the casting strand can be cut to desired lengths directly or bent to a substantially horizontal direction, whereupon it is straightened out again and then cut to desired lengths.
  • the rate of supply of molten metal and the rate of withdrawal of the casting strand must be coordinated so as to keep the level of molten metal in the mould substantially constant. Too great a rate of supply of molten metal in relation to the rate of withdrawal will, of course, result in overflowing of the mould, and too rapid withdrawal of the strand in relation to the rate of supply of molten metal will result in a lowering of the metal level in the mould, possibly to an extent such that breakthrough occurs below the mould.
  • the molten metal In horizontal or inclined continuous casting plants wherein open-ended moulds are used, the molten metal must, of course, be supplied in some other manner, usually by means of some kind of closed system.
  • the molten metal When casting low-melting metals, the molten metal will usually be supplied by inserting the mould, which is preferably made of graphite, into a wall of the receptacle for molten metal,
  • the present invention relates to a nozzle for supplying molten metal to the casting passage of a continuous casting mould, enabling molten metal to be supplied to a horizontal or inclined mould as well as to the moulds of conventional vertical continuous casting plants.
  • the use of the invention reults in an automatic supply of molten metal at a rate adapted to the rate of withdrawal to which the machine is adjusted. This makes it unnecessary to employ an operator for controlling the level of the metal surface by adjusting the supply of molten metal and/or the rate of withdrawal of the casting strand.
  • the invention is further applicable to the casting of iron and steel as well as other high melting metals in machines having a horizontal or inclined mould.
  • a closed system for supplying molten metal will of course make it diiiicult to lubricate the mould wall eiciently, and in addition the vaporization of lubricant which occurs as the lubricant contacts the molten metal may cause dangerous explosions or at least result in a high gas pressure at the supply end of the mould so that too little or no metal llows after the strand as it is withdrawn.
  • the metal supplying nozzle of this invention which is characterized in that it is made from metallic material preferably copper, and has coolant passages, Withstands said thermal and mechanical stresses.
  • the front nozzle end, which enters the mould conical or at least such that a rearwardly tapering clearance is formed between the nozzle and the mould wall, sticking of solidifying metal is prevented. Due to the fact that the clearance narrows rearwardly and the metal entering it is cooled from two sides, the entrance into the clearance will not be deep, since the surface tension of the molten metal increases strongly With decreasing temperature. Since the pouring opening widens toward the mould, bridging of any solidifying metal skin which may be present in this portion, is prevented.
  • the nozzle engages the mould wall with an easy sliding iit, which per se would not permit a sufficiently rapid removal of vapors or gases formed by the lubricant. Therefore, orifices or passages for venting such gases are provided along the circumference of the nozzles. These passages or orifices may be bores or longitudinal grooves in the sliding surfaces, said grooves delining passages together with the mould wall as outer defining surfaces. The greater the number of grooves, the better is the possibility of the gases formed of rapidly leaving through the mould opening. However, the cross-sectional area of said orifices should not be so great that molten metal may enter them.
  • each individual groove should not exceed 2 mm?, whereby the surface tension and the relatively rapid cooling of the molten metal prevent entry of the metal.
  • the gas pressure occurring as a result of vaporization of the lubricant through particular passages, in the nozzle contributes to the same action, said passages being adapted to open in the sliding surfaces as close to the front edge of the nozzle as possible.
  • the sliding surfaces of the nozzle should be made as short as possible and slightly spherical, whereby an exact parallelism between the axes of the mould and the casting nozzle will not be so highly critical as when the sliding surfaces are long and straight.
  • a receptacle 1 adapted to hold molten metal
  • a watercooled open-ended mould 2 and a nozzle 3 according to this invention provided in a bottom opening of the metal receptacle 1 and extending into the top end of the mould 2 to allow metal to flow from the receptacle into the mould.
  • Passages for supplying coolant to the nozzle are shown at 4, and the sliding surfaces S of the nozzle are formed with grooves i6, forming passages for allowing gases and vapors to leave.
  • a lubricant is supplied through bores 7 in the top end of the mould preferably above the uppermost portion of clearance 8 and will gasify or vaporize as it contacts the hot metal whereby a gas pressure is built up in a rearwardly tapering clearance 8 defined by the forwardly tapering front end of the nozzle and the top inner wall of the mould Said gas pressure preventing entrance of metal into the grooves 6 provided for the fiow of gases or vapors out of the mould.
  • Each groove l6 has one end communicating with the space or clearance 8 and the other end communicating with the exterior of the mould.
  • the angle between the mould Wall and outer wall of the lower end of water cooled annulus ⁇ 4 within the space or clearance 8 is preferably acute.
  • a ceramic sleeve 9 Fitted into the pouring perennial of the nozzle is a ceramic sleeve 9, the bore of which widens conically similar to the nozzle so that a satisfactory admission of metal is obtained even if a tendency for the metal to solidify in this region obtains.
  • the nozzle is conically flared over a substantial portion of the length of the tubular ceramic or refractory sleeve 9 in contact with the hollow annulus 4, and the conically flared portion terminates at the lower end or terminal of the sleeve 9.
  • the mould 2 is moved in a reciprocating manner, whereby the lubrication of that portion of the mould inner wall which is struck by molten metal is improved and the same mould portion obtains intermittently a short recovery period.
  • the alternation of the molten metal contacting surfaces of the mould wall can also be achieved yby vertical oscillation of the nozzle 3 and the receptacle 1, but the method of oscillating the mould has been found more satisfactory in practice.
  • the embodiment shown in the figure comprises a cooling zone having water-spraying nozzles 10 and roller sets 11 provided between the mould and driving rollers 12 for the casting strand.
  • a nozzle according to this invention is attached to a receptacle and extends into the mould opening in the manner disclosed, the rate of withdrawal can be adjusted to any desired value, molten metal liowing automatically into the mould 2 from the receptacle 1 at a corresponding rate.
  • This constant rate of withdrawal enables the cooling intensity in the cooling zone to be kept at a constant value.
  • the invention eliminates the necessity of providing either manual or automatic means for controlling the rate of supply of molten metal to the mold or the withdrawal of the strand and for controlling the cooling intensity.
  • the outer part of the nozzle is a hollow water-cooled lmetal annulus for sliding contact with the mould, this annulus at its free terminal decreasing the overall outside diameter providing a clearance space of upwardly-decreasing diameter between said terminal and the mould wall, molten metal owing out of the nozzle and into the exterior space between the mould wall and annulus 4 will be reduced in temperature by cooling both the water cooled mould 2 and the water cooled annulus 4 to reduce the temperature of the molten metal and prevent further penetration of the metal into the space 8, but will not be reduced sufficiently to solidify.
  • the refractory sleeve 9 lining the passage through the annulus keeps the molten metal from prematurely cooling by insulating it from contact with the water-cooled annulus.
  • Continuous casting apparatus comprising in combination:
  • a nozzle for conducting molten metal from the receptacle to the mould having its upper end connected with a vessel and its lower terminal portion projecting into and slidably fitted into the inlet end of the mould,
  • the nozzle having a water-cooled annulus forming the exterior thereof and having a tubular refractory sleeve passing therethrough through which the molten metal flows from the receptacle into the mould and out of direct contact with the water-cooled annulus,
  • each of said elongated gas escape passages do not substantially exceed 2 mm.2 in section.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Dovetailed Work, And Nailing Machines And Stapling Machines For Wood (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
US474280A 1964-07-23 1965-07-23 Nozzle for supplying melt to a mould in a continuous casting machine Expired - Lifetime US3460609A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8980/64A SE303352B (fr) 1964-07-23 1964-07-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3460609A true US3460609A (en) 1969-08-12

Family

ID=20275519

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US474280A Expired - Lifetime US3460609A (en) 1964-07-23 1965-07-23 Nozzle for supplying melt to a mould in a continuous casting machine

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3460609A (fr)
AT (1) AT265549B (fr)
BE (1) BE667322A (fr)
ES (1) ES315680A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI46337C (fr)
GB (1) GB1108166A (fr)
LU (1) LU49131A1 (fr)
NL (1) NL6509458A (fr)
NO (1) NO116636B (fr)
SE (1) SE303352B (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3726336A (en) * 1968-11-12 1973-04-10 Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag Continuous casting of metallic elements
US3730251A (en) * 1971-06-21 1973-05-01 Gen Motors Corp Method of continuous casting
US3731728A (en) * 1971-09-27 1973-05-08 Gen Motors Corp Mold apparatus for continuous casting
WO1986003147A1 (fr) * 1984-11-23 1986-06-05 Desaar Rene Perfectionnements aux poches de coulee pour metal en fusion
FR2600273A1 (fr) * 1986-06-18 1987-12-24 Vallourec Dispositif de fluide de lubrification pour coulee continue d'acier
US4751955A (en) * 1983-11-11 1988-06-21 Mannesmann Ag Feeding a mold for continuous casting of metal
US4781565A (en) * 1982-12-27 1988-11-01 Sri International Apparatus for obtaining silicon from fluosilicic acid
EP0302040A2 (fr) * 1987-07-31 1989-02-01 RECHERCHES ET DEVELOPPEMENTS DESAAR, société anonyme Perfectionnement aux poches de coulée de métal
EP0636441A1 (fr) * 1993-07-26 1995-02-01 Magneco/Metrel, Inc. Busette de coulée pour un panier de coulée

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS50140912U (fr) * 1974-05-10 1975-11-20
ZA831483B (en) * 1982-03-11 1983-11-30 British Steel Corp Cooling of materials

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE509012A (fr) * 1951-03-08
GB688955A (en) * 1950-05-19 1953-03-18 Siegfried Junghans Improvements in and relating to methods of automatically supplying molten metal in continuous casting of metal rods, particularly high-melting metals or metal alloys
FR1208851A (fr) * 1957-11-25 1960-02-26 Bochumer Ver Fuer Gussstahlfab Dispositif réduisant l'élargissement du jet lors de la coulée de l'acier dans une lingotière placée dans une enceinte où règne le vide
SU134401A1 (ru) * 1960-05-30 1960-11-30 Е.И. Астров Устройство дл получени биметаллических слитков непрерывным способом
FR1290962A (fr) * 1961-03-08 1962-04-20 Loire Atel Forges Perfectionnements à l'alimentation des lingotières en coulée continue
US3040396A (en) * 1957-05-06 1962-06-26 Armco Steel Corp Apparatus and method for the direct casting of metal
DE1140675B (de) * 1957-10-14 1962-12-06 Rheinstahl Eisenwerke Gelsenki Zufuehrungsgefaess zum selbsttaetigen Zufuehren des Giesswerkstoffes beim Stranggiessen

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB688955A (en) * 1950-05-19 1953-03-18 Siegfried Junghans Improvements in and relating to methods of automatically supplying molten metal in continuous casting of metal rods, particularly high-melting metals or metal alloys
BE509012A (fr) * 1951-03-08
US3040396A (en) * 1957-05-06 1962-06-26 Armco Steel Corp Apparatus and method for the direct casting of metal
DE1140675B (de) * 1957-10-14 1962-12-06 Rheinstahl Eisenwerke Gelsenki Zufuehrungsgefaess zum selbsttaetigen Zufuehren des Giesswerkstoffes beim Stranggiessen
FR1208851A (fr) * 1957-11-25 1960-02-26 Bochumer Ver Fuer Gussstahlfab Dispositif réduisant l'élargissement du jet lors de la coulée de l'acier dans une lingotière placée dans une enceinte où règne le vide
SU134401A1 (ru) * 1960-05-30 1960-11-30 Е.И. Астров Устройство дл получени биметаллических слитков непрерывным способом
FR1290962A (fr) * 1961-03-08 1962-04-20 Loire Atel Forges Perfectionnements à l'alimentation des lingotières en coulée continue

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3726336A (en) * 1968-11-12 1973-04-10 Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag Continuous casting of metallic elements
US3730251A (en) * 1971-06-21 1973-05-01 Gen Motors Corp Method of continuous casting
US3731728A (en) * 1971-09-27 1973-05-08 Gen Motors Corp Mold apparatus for continuous casting
US4781565A (en) * 1982-12-27 1988-11-01 Sri International Apparatus for obtaining silicon from fluosilicic acid
US4751955A (en) * 1983-11-11 1988-06-21 Mannesmann Ag Feeding a mold for continuous casting of metal
WO1986003147A1 (fr) * 1984-11-23 1986-06-05 Desaar Rene Perfectionnements aux poches de coulee pour metal en fusion
FR2600273A1 (fr) * 1986-06-18 1987-12-24 Vallourec Dispositif de fluide de lubrification pour coulee continue d'acier
EP0302040A2 (fr) * 1987-07-31 1989-02-01 RECHERCHES ET DEVELOPPEMENTS DESAAR, société anonyme Perfectionnement aux poches de coulée de métal
EP0302040A3 (en) * 1987-07-31 1990-03-07 Desaar Rech Et Dev Improvement for ladles to cast metal
EP0636441A1 (fr) * 1993-07-26 1995-02-01 Magneco/Metrel, Inc. Busette de coulée pour un panier de coulée

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE667322A (fr)
FI46337C (fi) 1973-03-12
NL6509458A (fr) 1966-01-24
SE303352B (fr) 1968-08-26
AT265549B (de) 1968-10-10
ES315680A1 (es) 1966-10-16
NO116636B (fr) 1969-04-28
GB1108166A (en) 1968-04-03
LU49131A1 (fr) 1965-09-21
FI46337B (fr) 1972-11-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3381741A (en) Method and apparatus for continuous casting of ingots
US4635702A (en) Mold for continuous casting of steel strip
AU2003254397B2 (en) Twin roll casting of magnesium and magnesium alloys
US3460609A (en) Nozzle for supplying melt to a mould in a continuous casting machine
US3212142A (en) Continuous casting system
US3076241A (en) Graphite mold casting system
US3833047A (en) Process and apparatus for supplementary cooling of the center of a continuously cast metal bar
JPH0688106B2 (ja) 帯状金属鋳塊の水平式連続鋳造法及びその装置
US3517725A (en) Continuous casting process and apparatus
US3587718A (en) Continuous casting apparatus
US3610320A (en) Unit for manufacturing hollow metal ingots
US3210812A (en) Continuous casting mold
US3415306A (en) Method of continuous casting without applying tension to the strand
GB1155663A (en) Method and Apparatus for the Continuous Casting of Steel
US2871530A (en) Continuous casting mold, its manufacture and use
US4911226A (en) Method and apparatus for continuously casting strip steel
US4501317A (en) Casting system having lubricated casting nozzles
US4036280A (en) Method of starting the casting of a strand in a continuous casting installation
US3752215A (en) Continuous casting apparatus for shaped metal bodies
JP4248085B2 (ja) 中空ビレット鋳造用中子および前記中子を用いた中空ビレットのホットトップ式連続鋳造方法
US3467170A (en) Apparatus for the continuous casting of tubular products
US3575230A (en) Method of making steel
US5232046A (en) Strand casting apparatus and method
US4901783A (en) Continuous casting apparatus
US5271452A (en) Continuous casting method and apparatus