US3459539A - Nickel-chromium-iron alloy and heat treating the alloy - Google Patents
Nickel-chromium-iron alloy and heat treating the alloy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3459539A US3459539A US527490A US3459539DA US3459539A US 3459539 A US3459539 A US 3459539A US 527490 A US527490 A US 527490A US 3459539D A US3459539D A US 3459539DA US 3459539 A US3459539 A US 3459539A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- nickel
- chromium
- rupture
- iron
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 65
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title description 65
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 11
- BIJOYKCOMBZXAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium iron nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Fe].[Ni] BIJOYKCOMBZXAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004881 precipitation hardening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009750 centrifugal casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 columbinm Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005486 sulfidation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
Definitions
- the invention is directed to an alloy containing about 29% to about 40% nickel, about 19% to about 25% chromium, about 0.2% to about 0.5% carbon, about 0.25% to about 1.25% titanium, up to about 1% aluminum, and the balance essentially iron.
- the alloy may be prepared by air melting and has high creep and rupture properties when heat treated at temperatures of about 2300" F. to about 2350 F. for at least about two hours.
- the present invention is directed to nickel-chromiumiron alloys and, more particularly, to special nickelchromium-iron alloys having controlled composition and having high creep and rupture strength while at the same time being relatively inexpensive as compared to known alloys having a comparable high-temperature strength capability.
- alloys resistant to the effects of elevated temperatures e.g., 1400 F. or 1600 F. to 2000 F., or higher
- elevated temperatures e.g. 1400 F. or 1600 F. to 2000 F., or higher
- many different alloys are employed. These alloys usually are of the nickel-chromium and nickel-chromium-iron types, With other elements being employed for special purposes.
- elements such as cobalt, tungsten, molybdenum, columbinm, aluminum, titanium, etc., are employed to contribute strength, precipitation-hardening capability, oxidation resistance, etc., to the alloys.
- alloying elements which are commonly employed in heat-resistant alloys are expensive in themselves and are subject, from time to time, to being available only in limited supply.
- Many of the commonly used alloys including, for example, the HK and HOM stainless steels, cannot be produced in wrought form, such as tubing, and are thus only available in cast form, including centrifugal castings.
- many of the commonly used alloys, particularly the less expensive types becomes embrittled during long-time exposure to the combined effects of stress and temperature.
- many of the commonly used alloys are difiicult to weld, while others must be vacuum melted thereby further raising cost.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a nickelchromium-iron alloy which is relatively immune to embrittling effects when exposed to stress at elevated temperature while at the same time having high resistance to creep and rupture.
- a further object of the invention is to provide a heat treatment process which contributes high rupture strength to the alloy contemplated in accordance with the invention.
- the present invention is directed to a creepand rupture-resistant nickel-chromium-iron alloy containing, in weight percent, about 29% to about 40% nickel, about 19% to about chromium, about 0.2%
- titanium up to about 1% aluminum, up to about 0.75% silicon, up to about 1.5% manganese, and the balance, including small amounts of incidental elements and impurities not exceeding about 3 being essentially iron.
- the alloys contemplated in accordance with the invention contain about 30% to about 35% nickel, abput 10% to about 23% chromium, about 0.35% to about 0.75 titanium, about 0.2% to about 0.5% carbon, and the balance essentially iron.
- the advantageous alloy compositions display a rupture life of at least about hours at 1600 F. and 12,000 pounds per square inch (p.s.i.) and, in many cases, a rupture life of about 200 hours or more under these conditions.
- a particularly advantageous alloy contains about 20% chromium, about 30% nickel, about 0.4% carbon, about 0.5% titanium, and the balance essentially iron.
- the chromium and nickel contents are controlled in interrelated amounts in order to maintain satisfactory scaling resistance and creep-rupture resistance in the alloy.
- nickel is at least about 29% and chromium is at least 19% in order to maintain scaling resistance but nickel does not exceed 40% and chromium does not exceed 25 to maintain creep-rupture strength.
- Carbon is a highly important element in the alloy in order to obtain the desired carbide dispersion-hardening therein.
- Titanium is another highly important alloying ingredient and it is controlled within the range of about 0.25% to about 1.25% to provide, in combination with the other alloying ingredients, the requisite dispersion strengthening of the alloy. More advantageously, titanium is controlled within the range of about 0.35% to about 0.75% or about 0.9% or about 1%.
- Control of titanium and of carbon in combination is particularly important in order to permit obtaining the requisite creep-rupture properties in the alloy.
- an aluminum addition to the molten alloy prior to the titanium addition performs the useful effect of protecting the titanium addition from untoward effects, such as oxidation and the like, which could cause unwanted and/or undesirable results.
- an amount of aluminum of up to about 1% resulting from the aforementioned aluminum addition can be present in the alloy with useful results.
- Silicon may be present in the alloy in amounts up to about 0.75% without encountering harmful effects on the malleability or weldability of the alloy. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that silicon frequently forms a constituent of nickel alloy scrap of the kind which can be employed usefully in melting the alloy.
- Manganese similarly is found in scrap materials which may usefully be employed in melting the alloy and may be present therein in amounts up to as much as about 1.5% without harmful effect.
- Columbium, molybdenum and tungsten may also be found in scrap materials, such as mill revert scrap, employed to prepare the alloy. These elements are unnecessary for the production of the special properties developed in the alloy but may be present in amounts up to about 1% each.
- the impurities sulfur and phosphorus should be present only in limited amounts, e.g., in amounts not exceeding 0.015% each and, preferably, in amounts not exceeding about 0.007% each.
- the annealing temperature may exceed 2350 F.
- the data obtained in creeprupture testing of the alloy indicate that the anneal should be for a period of about two hours as the maximum improvement in creep-rupture properties is then obtained, with little or no improvement resulting upon heating for longer times. It is found that, despite the high annealing temperature employed as aforedescribed, the alloy resists grain growth.
- the metal is rapidly cooled after the anneal, e.g., by water quenching or cooling in air.
- melts having the specified contents of nickel, chromium, iron, carbon and incidental elements was prepared. Shortly before casting the molten bath, an amount of aluminum less than about 1% by weight of the bath was introduced therein, whereupon the requisite titanium addition was made and the molten metal thus treated was cast into ingot molds.
- the alloys were malleable over temperature ranges or about 1,700 F. to about 2,300 F. as determined by usual production control tests.
- the alloys contained molybdenum in amounts up to a nut 0.26% and not more than 0.015% phosphorus.
- Big ingots produced from the alloy may be converted to common mill forms by conventional operations, including hot rolling, forging, extrusion, cold rolling, etc., with usual mill process anneals at temperatures of the order of 1900 F. to about 2100 F. as required consistent with good mill practice.
- the annealing temperature should be at least about 2300 F. or the high level of creep-rupture properties is not obtained but that the annealing temperature should not exceed about 2350 F. as otherwise the possibility exists that incipient melting may be en-
- the alloy contemplated in accordance with the invention becomes harder and stronger when aged in the temperature range of about 1200 F. to about 1600 F. It is found, however, that prolonged heating of the alloy in the temperature range in which aging takes place does not result in any embrittlement as revealed by short-time tensile tests and by the Charpy V-Not-ch impact test.
- Hot rolled rod material from Alloy No. 1 was annealed at 2300 F. for one hour and water quenched. Rotating beam fatigue data were obtained upon this material with the results set forth in the following Table V.
- the alloy resists scaling upon exposure to heat under oxidizing conditions, resists sulfidation and other corrosive conditions and resists carburization at elevated temperatures. These properties, together with the high stressrupture properties of the alloy, make it advantageous in many applications, including furnace equipment, baskets, trays, muffies, radiant tubes, etc, in the petrochemical field for reformer and cracker tubes, hot die platens and many others.
- a nickel-chromium-iron alloy consisting essentially of about 29% to about 40% nickel, about 19% to about 25% chromium, about 0.2% to about 0.5% carbon, about 7 0.25% to about 1.25% titanium, up to about 1% aluminum, up to about 0.75% silicon, up to about 1.5% manganese, and the balance, including small amounts of incidental elements and impurities, being essentially iron.
- An alloy according to claim 1 having a microstructure characterized by the presence of titanium carhide and of carbides having the types M7C3 and M C 5.
- the method for producing improved creep-rupture strength in alloy consisting essentially of 29% to 40% nickel, about 19% to chromium, 0.2% to 0.5% carbon, 0.25 to 1.25% titanium, and the balance essentially iron, which comprises annealing a wrought article made of said alloy at a temperature of 2300 F. to 2350 F. for at least two hours.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
- Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US52749066A | 1966-02-15 | 1966-02-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3459539A true US3459539A (en) | 1969-08-05 |
Family
ID=24101666
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US527490A Expired - Lifetime US3459539A (en) | 1966-02-15 | 1966-02-15 | Nickel-chromium-iron alloy and heat treating the alloy |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3459539A (de) |
| AT (1) | AT289171B (de) |
| BE (1) | BE694106A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE1558711B2 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES336494A1 (de) |
| FR (1) | FR1511432A (de) |
| GB (1) | GB1140487A (de) |
| NL (1) | NL6702004A (de) |
| SE (1) | SE313443B (de) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4086107A (en) * | 1974-05-22 | 1978-04-25 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Heat treatment process of high-carbon chromium-nickel heat-resistant stainless steels |
| US4409025A (en) * | 1981-01-12 | 1983-10-11 | Kubota Ltd. | Heat resistant cast iron-nickel-chromium alloy |
| US4410362A (en) * | 1981-01-12 | 1983-10-18 | Kubota Ltd. | Heat resistant cast iron-nickel-chromium alloy |
| US4419129A (en) * | 1981-01-12 | 1983-12-06 | Kubota Ltd. | Heat resistant cast iron-nickel-chromium alloy |
| US4442068A (en) * | 1981-10-12 | 1984-04-10 | Kubota Ltd. | Heat resistant cast iron-nickel-chromium alloy |
| US4448749A (en) * | 1981-10-12 | 1984-05-15 | Kubota Ltd. | Heat resistant cast iron-nickel-chromium alloy |
| US4784831A (en) * | 1984-11-13 | 1988-11-15 | Inco Alloys International, Inc. | Hiscor alloy |
| US20100303669A1 (en) * | 2005-12-07 | 2010-12-02 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Cast Heat-Resistant Austenitic Steel with Improved Temperature Creep Properties and Balanced Alloying Element Additions and Methodology for Development of the Same |
| US20150020992A1 (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2015-01-22 | Salzgitter Flachstahl Gmbh | Non-scaling heat-treatable steel and method for producing a non-scaling component from said steel |
| US10982304B2 (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2021-04-20 | Kubota Corporation | Heat-resistant alloy for hearth metal member |
| CN115404325A (zh) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-11-29 | 西安诺博尔稀贵金属材料股份有限公司 | 核电用时效硬化型Ni-Cr-Fe基合金板材的制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5040099B1 (de) * | 1971-03-09 | 1975-12-22 | ||
| JPS50134914A (de) * | 1974-04-17 | 1975-10-25 | ||
| DE19846117C2 (de) * | 1998-10-07 | 2001-09-20 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Verwendung eines Werkstoffes mit hoher Materialdämpfung und Zugfestigkeit für ein Bauteil einer schallemittierenden Maschine |
| DE19846118C2 (de) * | 1998-10-07 | 2003-04-17 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Verwendung eines Werkstoffes mit hoher Materialdämpfung für ein Bauteil einer schallemittierenden Maschine |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2597173A (en) * | 1951-02-07 | 1952-05-20 | Allegheny Ludlum Steel | Titanium additions to stainless steels |
| US2606113A (en) * | 1947-12-20 | 1952-08-05 | Crucible Steel Comany Of Ameri | Age hardening austenitic steel |
| US2661284A (en) * | 1951-06-27 | 1953-12-01 | Gen Electric | Precipitation hardenable iron base alloy |
| US2686116A (en) * | 1952-06-18 | 1954-08-10 | Crucible Steel Company | Age hardening austenitic steel |
| US2813788A (en) * | 1955-12-29 | 1957-11-19 | Int Nickel Co | Nickel-chromium-iron heat resisting alloys |
| US2879194A (en) * | 1957-07-12 | 1959-03-24 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Method of aging iron-base austenitic alloys |
| US3184577A (en) * | 1963-01-18 | 1965-05-18 | Int Nickel Co | Welding material for producing welds with low coefficient of expansion |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1941648A (en) * | 1928-04-18 | 1934-01-02 | Percy A E Armstrong | Ferrous alloy |
| FR929727A (fr) * | 1944-02-24 | 1948-01-06 | William Jessop Ans Sons Ltd | Acier au nickel-chrome à caractère austénitique |
| DE1082739B (de) * | 1953-05-29 | 1960-06-02 | Nyby Bruk Ab | Verwendung nicht ausscheidungshaertender, ueberhitzungsunempfindlicher Legierungen |
-
1966
- 1966-02-15 US US527490A patent/US3459539A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1967
- 1967-01-31 GB GB4722/67A patent/GB1140487A/en not_active Expired
- 1967-02-06 ES ES336494A patent/ES336494A1/es not_active Expired
- 1967-02-09 NL NL6702004A patent/NL6702004A/xx unknown
- 1967-02-13 DE DE1558711A patent/DE1558711B2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1967-02-14 AT AT140667A patent/AT289171B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1967-02-15 SE SE2090/67A patent/SE313443B/xx unknown
- 1967-02-15 FR FR95010A patent/FR1511432A/fr not_active Expired
- 1967-02-15 BE BE694106D patent/BE694106A/xx unknown
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2606113A (en) * | 1947-12-20 | 1952-08-05 | Crucible Steel Comany Of Ameri | Age hardening austenitic steel |
| US2597173A (en) * | 1951-02-07 | 1952-05-20 | Allegheny Ludlum Steel | Titanium additions to stainless steels |
| US2661284A (en) * | 1951-06-27 | 1953-12-01 | Gen Electric | Precipitation hardenable iron base alloy |
| US2686116A (en) * | 1952-06-18 | 1954-08-10 | Crucible Steel Company | Age hardening austenitic steel |
| US2813788A (en) * | 1955-12-29 | 1957-11-19 | Int Nickel Co | Nickel-chromium-iron heat resisting alloys |
| US2879194A (en) * | 1957-07-12 | 1959-03-24 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Method of aging iron-base austenitic alloys |
| US3184577A (en) * | 1963-01-18 | 1965-05-18 | Int Nickel Co | Welding material for producing welds with low coefficient of expansion |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4086107A (en) * | 1974-05-22 | 1978-04-25 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Heat treatment process of high-carbon chromium-nickel heat-resistant stainless steels |
| US4409025A (en) * | 1981-01-12 | 1983-10-11 | Kubota Ltd. | Heat resistant cast iron-nickel-chromium alloy |
| US4410362A (en) * | 1981-01-12 | 1983-10-18 | Kubota Ltd. | Heat resistant cast iron-nickel-chromium alloy |
| US4419129A (en) * | 1981-01-12 | 1983-12-06 | Kubota Ltd. | Heat resistant cast iron-nickel-chromium alloy |
| US4442068A (en) * | 1981-10-12 | 1984-04-10 | Kubota Ltd. | Heat resistant cast iron-nickel-chromium alloy |
| US4448749A (en) * | 1981-10-12 | 1984-05-15 | Kubota Ltd. | Heat resistant cast iron-nickel-chromium alloy |
| US4784831A (en) * | 1984-11-13 | 1988-11-15 | Inco Alloys International, Inc. | Hiscor alloy |
| US20100303669A1 (en) * | 2005-12-07 | 2010-12-02 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Cast Heat-Resistant Austenitic Steel with Improved Temperature Creep Properties and Balanced Alloying Element Additions and Methodology for Development of the Same |
| US8318083B2 (en) * | 2005-12-07 | 2012-11-27 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Cast heat-resistant austenitic steel with improved temperature creep properties and balanced alloying element additions and methodology for development of the same |
| US20150020992A1 (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2015-01-22 | Salzgitter Flachstahl Gmbh | Non-scaling heat-treatable steel and method for producing a non-scaling component from said steel |
| US10036085B2 (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2018-07-31 | Salzgitter Flachstahl Gmbh | Non-scaling heat-treatable steel and method for producing a non-scaling component from said steel |
| US10822681B2 (en) | 2012-03-23 | 2020-11-03 | Salzgitter Flachstahl Gmbh | Non-scaling heat-treatable steel and method for producing a non-scaling component from said steel |
| US10982304B2 (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2021-04-20 | Kubota Corporation | Heat-resistant alloy for hearth metal member |
| CN115404325A (zh) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-11-29 | 西安诺博尔稀贵金属材料股份有限公司 | 核电用时效硬化型Ni-Cr-Fe基合金板材的制备方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL6702004A (de) | 1967-08-16 |
| FR1511432A (fr) | 1968-01-26 |
| SE313443B (de) | 1969-08-11 |
| BE694106A (de) | 1967-08-16 |
| GB1140487A (en) | 1969-01-22 |
| DE1558711B2 (de) | 1981-06-11 |
| ES336494A1 (es) | 1968-04-01 |
| DE1558711A1 (de) | 1970-04-09 |
| AT289171B (de) | 1971-04-13 |
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