US3454810A - Short-arc lamp having an improved prefocus base,and method of prefocusing said base - Google Patents
Short-arc lamp having an improved prefocus base,and method of prefocusing said base Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3454810A US3454810A US602629A US3454810DA US3454810A US 3454810 A US3454810 A US 3454810A US 602629 A US602629 A US 602629A US 3454810D A US3454810D A US 3454810DA US 3454810 A US3454810 A US 3454810A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- base
- lamp
- focusing
- electrodes
- pins
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/98—Lamps with closely spaced electrodes heated to incandescence by light-emitting discharge, e.g. tungsten arc lamp
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/84—Lamps with discharge constricted by high pressure
- H01J61/86—Lamps with discharge constricted by high pressure with discharge additionally constricted by close spacing of electrodes, e.g. for optical projection
Definitions
- the general object of the present invention to provide an improved electric lamp containing a concentrated source of light that is precisely oriented with respect to the base structure.
- the invention is directed to a short-arc discharge lamp having a cathode and a prefocus base that are axially alinged with snfiicient accuracy to meet a specified tolerance limit.
- Another object is the provision of an improved prefocus base for short-arc lamps and the like that is cheap, easy to assemble and provides means for establishing a precise prefocus alignment between the base members and lamp electrodes.
- a further object is a method for quickly and accurately checking and correcting the axial misalignment of the base members and electrodes of a short-arc lamp.
- the aforesaid objects and other advantages are achieved in accordance with the present invention by positioning an eccentrically-rotatable depending focusing pin on the end of each of the base caps or sleeves attached to the sealing arms of the envelope.
- Proper orientation of the focusing pins is accomplished according to the preferred method by holding the lamp stationary on a predetermined axis and rotating the pins until the tips of the electrodes are aligned with the aforesaid axis.
- the pins are then mechanically locked in place on their respective base sleeves by means of lock washers and screws.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged exploded view of one of the prefocus base assemblies shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a side elevational view of one form of apparatus for axially aligning the lamp electrodes with their respective base pins;
- FIGS. 4 and 5 are views of the lamp electrodes as seen through the upper and lower microscopes, respectively, of the focusing apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 3.
- the present invention can be used with advantage in the manufacture and basing of various types of lamps that contain concentrated sources of light, it is particularly adapted for use in conjunction with short-arc discharge lamps and has accordingly been so illustrated and will be so described.
- Lamp and prefocus base structure customary oppositely-disposed cylindrical sealing arms 13 and 14.
- An enlarged tungsten anode 15 is anchored in the arm 13 and electrically connected by a series of sealed-in ribbon conductors 17 to a flexible power lead 19.
- a pointed rod cathode 16 of tungsten is anchored in the other sealing arm 14 and connected by another set of ribbon conductors 18 to a second power lead 20.
- the sealing arms 13 and 14 are provided with prefocus base assemblies B and B, respectively, that are rigidly fastened in enclosing relationship with the ends of the arms by metal clamping rings C, C.
- the base assemblies are terminated by focusing pins 23, 24 of cylindrical configuration that are mechanically locked in place and adapted to seat in the fixture or socket in which the lamp will be used.
- the pins 23, 24 thus control the orientation of the electrodes 15, 16 relative to the fixture and associated reflector system etc.
- the lamp 10 is energized by the separate power leads 19, 20 which are connected to suitable terminals in the mixture.
- the base assembly B consists of a hollow cylindrical body portion or sleeve 22 of suitable 3 metal, such as stainless steel, one end of which is provided with a series of spaced slots 25 and flexible tongues 27 that render it expandible.
- suitable 3 metal such as stainless steel
- the other end of the sleeve 22 is closed by a perpendicular end wall 28.
- a suitable axially extending appendage such as a hollow stud 30 of circular cross-section protrudes from the end wall 28 and receives the focusing pin 24 which, as shown, is cylindrical and has an aperture 26 that is off-set from the axis of the pin and is slightly larger in diameter than the stud 30.
- the focusing pin 24 is thus freely rotatable about the stud 30 and can be securely locked in abutting relation with the end wall 28 and sleeve 22 by a lock washer 36 and metal socket-head cap screw 38 which engages threads 32 formed interiorly of the stud.
- a slot opening 34 near the closed end of the sleeve 22 permits the power leads to be brought on: through the sides of the bases.
- the base assemblies B and B are rigidly attached to the respective sealing arms 13 and 14 in the conventional manner by first wrapping the arms with wet asbestos tape, slipping the sleeves 21, 22 over the arms and wrappings, and then constricting the' slotted ends of the' sleeves by tightening the clamps C and C and allowing the asbestos tape to dry.
- FIG. 3 A preferred apparatus for checking and correcting the axial misalignment between the anode 15 and the cathode 16 and their respective base assemblies B and B is illustrated in FIG. 3.
- the apparatus comprises a jig 40 having a base plate 42 and a pair of upstanding support blocks 44, 45 that are spaced 'apart (see FIG. 1) a distance equivalent to the distance between the ends of the base sleeves 21 and 22 so that the cylindrical focusing pins 23, 24 rest in V-shaped notches 46, 47 provided in the blocks.
- the lamp 10 is placed in the jig 40 with the focusing pins cradled in the notches, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3. The lamp is thus supported solely by the focusing pins.
- the lamp 10 is desirably enclosed by a protective plastic jacket 48 (shown in dotted outline in FIG. 3) during the pefjpcusing operation as a safety measure.
- the pins 23, 24 can be locked in cradled position in the jig 40 by hinged latches 49 carried by each of the support blocks 44, 45. These latches, when lowered into position over the focusing pins, are retained in such position by tightening screws 50 that engage threaded holes in the blocks. The pins are prevented from rotating by set screws 51 carried by each of the latches 49.
- a centrally located support arm 52 which extends upwardly from one side of the base plate 42 holds a pair of microscopes 53 and 54 directly above and to the side, respectively, of the lamp 10. That is, the microscopes are spaced 90 degrees apart with respect to the lamp axis.
- the longitudinally-extending cross-hairs of the microscopes are aligned with an axis that bisects the notches 46, 47 and are coincident with the axes of the cylindrical pins 23, 24 when the latter are seated in the support blocks 44, 45. This alignment is achieved with a suitably designed gauge.
- the tips of the electrodes are thus in the field of view of both microscopes, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
- the tips of the anode 15 and cathode 16 will shift from side to side as they are viewed through the microscopes and the pin is being rotated. This shifting is indicated by the dotted outlines of the electrode tips as shown in the field of view of microscope 53 illustrated in FIG. 4.
- the pin 24 is simply rotated until the cathode tip is aligned with the axial cross-hairs 55, 56 of the microscopes 53, 54.
- the latch 49 is then lowered and locked in such position by screw 50, and set screw 51 is tightened against pin 24 to prevent it from rotating. Pin 24 is then locked in place by tightening the cap screw 38. The same operation is performed at the opposite end of the lamp 10 to align the anode 15.
- the electrodes are automatically axially aligned with their respective pins and the aforesaid fixed axis.
- the latches 49 are then released and the lamp 10 is rotated through 360 together with the locked focusing pins 23, 24 while the tips of the anode 15 and cathode 16 are again observed through the microscopes 53, 54.
- the tips of the electrodes should remain centered on the respective cross-hairs 55, 56 since the pins and electrodes are axially aligned. If the tips of the anode 15 or cathode 16 shift any appreciable degree from the reference lines 55, 56 as the lamp 10 is rotated through 360', then the locking screws 38, 39 and pins 23, 24 are loosened and the latter are rotated slightly until a balance is obtained between the deviations from the reference lines 55, 56 observed through the respective microscopes. The locking screws are then retightened, thereby completing the operation.
- the efficiency and accuracy of the prefocusing operation can be further improved by providing a series of focusing pins of the same overall dimensions but having apertures that range from zero eccentricity to 0.050" eccentricity, in steps of 0.010". Focusing pins having zero eccentricity are first slipped over and locked on the base studs and the lamp is placed in the jig and rotated. The electrodes are then observed through upper microscope 53 and the degree of eccentricity is read directly from the graduated scale S (see FIG. 4). If this preliminary check shows, for example, that the electrodes are 0.025 out of alignment, then the lamp is removed from the jig,
- focusing pins having 0.025" eccentricity are placed on the studs, and the focusing procedure is carried out.
- This arrangement permits the alignment of each electrode to be separately controlled and maintained within very close tolerance limits insofar as a focusing pin having an eccentricity that matches that of the respective pairs of electrodes and studs can be used.
- the focusing jig can also be used to control the light center length dimension of the lamp 10; that is, the distance between the tip of the cathode 16 and the end wall 28 of the base sleeve 22 attached to arm 14 of the envelope 12. This can be achieved by positioning the lower microscope 54 so that its vertical crosshair 57 (FIG. 5) is spaced a corresponding distance X (see FIG. 1) from the inner face of support block 44.
- the lamp 10 is placed in the focusing jig 40 immediately after the base assemblies are slipped over the sealing arms and wet asbestos wrappings.
- the base sleeve 22 is adjusted so that the cathode tip just touches the cross-hair 57 as shown in FIG. 5, the asbestos wrappings are force-dried (as by a stream of hot air) and the sleeves are rigidly fastened to the respectiye arms by tightening the clamps C and C.
- an electric lamp having an envelope that contains a concentrated source of light and has an elongated end portion that is sealed and is slightly eccentric with respect to a predetermined axis that passes through said end portion and said light source
- the improvement comprising an integral prefocus base assembly having a body portion that is rigidly attached to the sealed end portion of said envelope and is also out of alignment with said predetermined axis, and' a depending adjustable focusing member that is mechanically fastened to said body portion in predetermined eccentric relationship therewith so that the axis of said member is substantially aligned with said predetermined axis and said concentrated light source
- said focusing member constituting the fixture-engaging portion of said base assembly that controls the position of said light source when the lamp is placed in its fixture and is in use.
- said lamp comprises a high-intensity electric discharge lamp having a pair of spaced oppositely-disposed electrodes,
- the elongated sealed end portion of said envelope comprises a generally cylindrical vitreous arm in which one of the electrodes is anchored,
- said predetermined axis passes through said one electrode
- the body portion of -said base assembly comprises a cylindrical sleeve that encircles and encloses the end of said vitreous arm.
- said electric discharge lamp comprises a short-arc lamp having an envelope with a pair of opposed vitreous arms each of which is provided with a prefocus base assembly,
- said electrodes comprise an anode and a cathode that are anchored in the respective vitreous arms, and
- said focusing members are attached to the ends of the respective base sleeves and are so oriented that their respective axes are substantially aligned with the predetermined axis that passes through the associated arm and electrode.
- An adjustable prefocus base assembly for a highintensity electric discharge lamp or the like comprising;
- a hollow metal sleeve having a wall at one end from which an interiorly-threaded stud of cylindrical configuration extends
- a metal focusing pin rotatably disposed on said stud and having the configuration of a cylinder that is eccentric with respect to said stud and sleeve, and
- fastening means engaging the threads of said stud and adapted, when tightened, to mechanically lock said focusing pin on the end of said metal sleeve in predetermined eccentric relationship therewith.
- said metal sleeve is of cylindrical configuration
- said lamp comprises a short-arc lamp containing a pair of elongated electrodes that are anchored in oppositely-disposed vitreous sealing arms that comprise the ends of said envelope,
- each of said sealing arms are terminated by a base member that is fitted with an eccentrically rotatable focusing member,
- the rotational movement between said lamp and respective focusing members is achieved by supporting the lamp by said members and holding the lamp stationary while the focusing members are rotated, aid
- the desired orientation of said focusing members relative to the respective electrodes is determined by observing the electrodes through said envelope and noting the displacement thereof from a fixed axial reference line while the focusing members are being rotated.
- the axially-extending appendages are aligned with the axis of the respective base members
- a focusing member of zero eccentricity is initially attached to each of said coaxial appendages and the degree of eccentricity of each electrode is noted while the focusing members are rotated relative to said lamp,
- the zero-eccentric focusing members are removed and replaced by focusing members having eccentricities that substantially match the noted eccentricities, and
- the lamp is again held stationary and the focusing members rotated until the focusing members and respective electrodes are so oriented that the noted eccentricities are corrected to the desired tolerance.
- the fixed axial-reference line is established by support-- ing the lamp on a predetermined axis that coincides with the axes of both of said cylindrical focusing members, and
- the orientation of said electrodes relative to said reference line is determined and individually by observing the tips of the respective electrodes through a pair of microscopes located laterally of said lamp and spaced approximately 90 degrees apart.
Landscapes
- Common Detailed Techniques For Electron Tubes Or Discharge Tubes (AREA)
- Fastening Of Light Sources Or Lamp Holders (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US60262966A | 1966-12-19 | 1966-12-19 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3454810A true US3454810A (en) | 1969-07-08 |
Family
ID=24412135
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US602629A Expired - Lifetime US3454810A (en) | 1966-12-19 | 1966-12-19 | Short-arc lamp having an improved prefocus base,and method of prefocusing said base |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3454810A (xx) |
BE (1) | BE708152A (xx) |
DE (1) | DE1589418A1 (xx) |
GB (1) | GB1158227A (xx) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USRE30315E (en) * | 1973-12-17 | 1980-06-24 | The Perkin-Elmer Corporation | Precision base mercury vapor lamp |
US6648709B2 (en) * | 1999-12-28 | 2003-11-18 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Reflector alignment tool for projection illumination systems |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2379758A1 (fr) * | 1977-02-04 | 1978-09-01 | Fives Cail Babcock | Lampe pour projecteur et dispositif pour la manipulation et le montage de cette lampe |
DE2917746A1 (de) * | 1979-05-02 | 1980-11-13 | Arnold & Richter Kg | Gasentladungslampe |
DE2917745A1 (de) * | 1979-05-02 | 1980-11-13 | Arnold & Richter Kg | Gasentladungslampe |
DE3136234C2 (de) * | 1981-09-12 | 1985-03-28 | W.C. Heraeus Gmbh, 6450 Hanau | Entladungslampe mit justierter Strahlungsaustrittsrichtung |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1400227A (en) * | 1920-02-19 | 1921-12-13 | Judd L Minick | Lamp-focusing device |
US2545884A (en) * | 1946-01-18 | 1951-03-20 | Gen Electric | High-pressure mercury vapor electric discharge lamp |
-
1966
- 1966-12-19 US US602629A patent/US3454810A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1967
- 1967-11-24 GB GB53531/67A patent/GB1158227A/en not_active Expired
- 1967-12-12 DE DE19671589418 patent/DE1589418A1/de active Pending
- 1967-12-18 BE BE708152D patent/BE708152A/xx unknown
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1400227A (en) * | 1920-02-19 | 1921-12-13 | Judd L Minick | Lamp-focusing device |
US2545884A (en) * | 1946-01-18 | 1951-03-20 | Gen Electric | High-pressure mercury vapor electric discharge lamp |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USRE30315E (en) * | 1973-12-17 | 1980-06-24 | The Perkin-Elmer Corporation | Precision base mercury vapor lamp |
US6648709B2 (en) * | 1999-12-28 | 2003-11-18 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Reflector alignment tool for projection illumination systems |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BE708152A (xx) | 1968-05-02 |
GB1158227A (en) | 1969-07-16 |
DE1589418A1 (de) | 1970-04-09 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: NORTH AMERICAN PHILIPS ELECTRIC CORP. Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004113/0393 Effective date: 19830316 |