US3446243A - Narcosis apparatus - Google Patents

Narcosis apparatus Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3446243A
US3446243A US3446243DA US3446243A US 3446243 A US3446243 A US 3446243A US 3446243D A US3446243D A US 3446243DA US 3446243 A US3446243 A US 3446243A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
gas
valve
pipe
vaporizer
atomizer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
Inventor
Josef Haupt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3446243A publication Critical patent/US3446243A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/14—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
    • A61M16/18—Vaporising devices for anaesthetic preparations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/87265—Dividing into parallel flow paths with recombining
    • Y10T137/87338—Flow passage with bypass
    • Y10T137/87346—Including mixing feature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/87265—Dividing into parallel flow paths with recombining
    • Y10T137/87338—Flow passage with bypass
    • Y10T137/87362—Including cleaning, treating, or heat transfer feature

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an apparatus such as disclosed in U.S. Patent to Schreiber et al., No. 3,107,689, in which an anesthesia or narcosis apparatus has a pipe by-passing the atomizer with control valves in the by-pass pipe and the atomizer lines.
  • These valves are adjustable throttle valves, one of which is inserted in the by-pass pipe and one in the atomizer line.
  • Each valve is of the same size and has a length to width valve opening ratio of less than l0
  • the valve arrangement has the advantage in that the ratio of the mixture of intake gas and atomized gas remains substantially constant regardless of the change of gas velocity in either the vaporizer or the bypass pipe. This practically produces a laminar gas flow.
  • the resistance characteristics of the throttles is approximately linear.
  • any desired mixture of intake gas with atomized gas can be obtained by adjusting the throttle valves.
  • the throttle valves are conical valves with a conical valve head and a complementary valve seat.
  • the throttle means in the by-pass pipe is composed of a plurality of tubes connected in parallel with the ratio of the interior diameter of each tube to the length of the tube being less than 1:50.
  • This invention has the advantage that the resistance to the flow of gas in the by-pass pipe can be adjusted so low that the patient is able to inhale the gas from the atomizer by using his thorax muscles and without difl'iculty.
  • the two gas passageways principle is used in the construction of the atomizer of this invention.
  • a portion of the intake gas is moved through the atomizer on a first passageway.
  • a throttle means composed of a valve having a conical valve head and a complementary valve seat.
  • the head is adjustable so that the ratio of the width of the space between the valve head and valve seat to the length of the valve is less than 1:50. This results in a substantially laminar flow of gas through this valve.
  • the resistance characteristics are almost linear.
  • a considerably larger portion of the gas by-passes the atomizer chamber.
  • the throttle means in this second passageway in this invention is composed of a plurality of tubes in which the ratio of the interior diameter to the length of each tube is always less than 1:50.
  • the resistance characteristics of this bundle of tubes is almost linear.
  • the combination of the conical valve with the bundle of tubes results in that the distribution ratio of the gas during a change in the gas flow volume remains constant because each throttle means has substantially identical linear characteristics.
  • Gas such as air or mixtures of oxygen, laughing gas, or the like, enters intake pipe 1 and flows to the distributor chamber 2 of the atomizer. A portion of the gas flows through the inlet pipe 3 into the vaporizer 4 and out of the vaporizer through the vaporizer discharge pipe 5 in which is mounted a conical throttle valve 6 which has the opening width to length ratio heretofore described. The gas then flows in pipe 5 to a mixing chamber 7 and out of the vaporizer through the outlet pipe 8 to the lungs of the patient.
  • a conical throttle valve 6 which has the opening width to length ratio heretofore described.
  • a by-pass pipe 9 is joined with outlet pipe 8 at the mixing chamber 7.
  • Inserted in the bypass 9 is a bundle of tubes composed of a plurality of tubes connected in parallel to form a throttle means and with each tube having an interior diameter to length ratio less than 1:50. This corresponds to the valve opening to valve length ratio of conical valve 6 which is less than 1:50.
  • the tube bundle 10 and the valve 6 both have linear resistance characteristics. Consequently, when the volume of flow through the apparatus is changed, there is no change in the ratio expressed in percentages between the two gas flows. This has the advantage in that no change in the concentration of the narcosis or anesthesia gas takes place even though there may be a change in the velocity of gas flow because of the differences in less than atmospheric pressure produced by the thorax muscles of the patient. Also, the concentration of the vaporized gas can be adjusted by means of the valve 6 to any desired value.
  • a narcosis apparatus having a gas inlet pipe, 21 gas outlet pipe, a vaporizer by-pass pipe extending between said inlet and outlet pipes, at vaporizer discharge pipe connected between said vaporizer and said outlet pipe, and throttle means in each of said by-pass pipe and said discharge pipe, respectively, the improvement in which the throttle means in said by-pass pipe comprises a plurality of tubes connected in parallel with linear resistance characteristics, and each tube having a diameter to length ratio of less than 1:50.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Nitrogen And Oxygen As The Only Ring Hetero Atoms (AREA)
  • Accessories For Mixers (AREA)

Description

May 27, 1969 J. HAUPT 3,446,243
NARCOS IS APPARATUS Filed Dec. 12, 1966 INVENTOR Jasef flea 0f M My ATTORNEYS United States Patent 1) 49,09 Int. Cl. B01f 3/02,- A61m 17/00 US. Cl. 137599.1 1 Claim ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A plurality of tubes connected in parallel is used as a throttle in the by-pass line of a vaporizer.
This invention relates to an apparatus such as disclosed in U.S. Patent to Schreiber et al., No. 3,107,689, in which an anesthesia or narcosis apparatus has a pipe by-passing the atomizer with control valves in the by-pass pipe and the atomizer lines. These valves are adjustable throttle valves, one of which is inserted in the by-pass pipe and one in the atomizer line. Each valve is of the same size and has a length to width valve opening ratio of less than l0 The valve arrangement has the advantage in that the ratio of the mixture of intake gas and atomized gas remains substantially constant regardless of the change of gas velocity in either the vaporizer or the bypass pipe. This practically produces a laminar gas flow. The resistance characteristics of the throttles is approximately linear. On the other hand, any desired mixture of intake gas with atomized gas can be obtained by adjusting the throttle valves. The throttle valves are conical valves with a conical valve head and a complementary valve seat.
The improvement of this invention is used especially when the patient is forced to inhale the gas mixture from the atomizer by using his thorax muscles. In this invention, the throttle means in the by-pass pipe is composed of a plurality of tubes connected in parallel with the ratio of the interior diameter of each tube to the length of the tube being less than 1:50. This invention has the advantage that the resistance to the flow of gas in the by-pass pipe can be adjusted so low that the patient is able to inhale the gas from the atomizer by using his thorax muscles and without difl'iculty.
The two gas passageways principle is used in the construction of the atomizer of this invention. A portion of the intake gas is moved through the atomizer on a first passageway. In the vaporizer discharge pipe is a throttle means composed of a valve having a conical valve head and a complementary valve seat. The head is adjustable so that the ratio of the width of the space between the valve head and valve seat to the length of the valve is less than 1:50. This results in a substantially laminar flow of gas through this valve. The resistance characteristics are almost linear. In the second passageway, a considerably larger portion of the gas by-passes the atomizer chamber. The throttle means in this second passageway in this invention is composed of a plurality of tubes in which the ratio of the interior diameter to the length of each tube is always less than 1:50. The resistance characteristics of this bundle of tubes is almost linear. The combination of the conical valve with the bundle of tubes results in that the distribution ratio of the gas during a change in the gas flow volume remains constant because each throttle means has substantially identical linear characteristics.
The means by which the objects of the invention are obtained as described more fully with reference to the accompanying schematic drawing showing a cross-sectional view through the apparatus.
Gas, such as air or mixtures of oxygen, laughing gas, or the like, enters intake pipe 1 and flows to the distributor chamber 2 of the atomizer. A portion of the gas flows through the inlet pipe 3 into the vaporizer 4 and out of the vaporizer through the vaporizer discharge pipe 5 in which is mounted a conical throttle valve 6 which has the opening width to length ratio heretofore described. The gas then flows in pipe 5 to a mixing chamber 7 and out of the vaporizer through the outlet pipe 8 to the lungs of the patient.
Starting from pipe 1, a by-pass pipe 9 is joined with outlet pipe 8 at the mixing chamber 7. Inserted in the bypass 9 is a bundle of tubes composed of a plurality of tubes connected in parallel to form a throttle means and with each tube having an interior diameter to length ratio less than 1:50. This corresponds to the valve opening to valve length ratio of conical valve 6 which is less than 1:50.
It is thus seen that the gas flowing through the first passageway containing the adjustable valve 6 is mixed with a substantially larger portion of the gas flowing through the second passageway containing the tube bundle 10. Both streams of gas are then intimately mixed and fiow to the patient.
The tube bundle 10 and the valve 6 both have linear resistance characteristics. Consequently, when the volume of flow through the apparatus is changed, there is no change in the ratio expressed in percentages between the two gas flows. This has the advantage in that no change in the concentration of the narcosis or anesthesia gas takes place even though there may be a change in the velocity of gas flow because of the differences in less than atmospheric pressure produced by the thorax muscles of the patient. Also, the concentration of the vaporized gas can be adjusted by means of the valve 6 to any desired value.
Having now described the means by which the objects of the invention are obtained,
I claim:
1. In a narcosis apparatus having a gas inlet pipe, 21 gas outlet pipe, a vaporizer by-pass pipe extending between said inlet and outlet pipes, at vaporizer discharge pipe connected between said vaporizer and said outlet pipe, and throttle means in each of said by-pass pipe and said discharge pipe, respectively, the improvement in which the throttle means in said by-pass pipe comprises a plurality of tubes connected in parallel with linear resistance characteristics, and each tube having a diameter to length ratio of less than 1:50.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,107,689 10/1963 Schreiber et al. 137599.1 3,257,911 6/1966 Garnjost et al 13784 X LEONARD D. CHRISTIAN, Primary Examiner.
US. Cl. X.R. 138-37
US3446243D 1966-01-07 1966-12-12 Narcosis apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3446243A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED49090A DE1282857B (en) 1966-01-07 1966-01-07 Anesthesia device with a by-pass connected in parallel to the vaporizer

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3446243A true US3446243A (en) 1969-05-27

Family

ID=7051653

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US3446243D Expired - Lifetime US3446243A (en) 1966-01-07 1966-12-12 Narcosis apparatus

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3446243A (en)
DE (1) DE1282857B (en)
FR (1) FR1506118A (en)
GB (1) GB1110143A (en)
NL (1) NL6615543A (en)
SE (1) SE320462B (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4874010A (en) * 1988-05-26 1989-10-17 Siemens-Bendix Automotive Electronics Limited Heater control valve
US20190298965A1 (en) * 2016-07-14 2019-10-03 Drägerwerk AG & Co. KGaA Dispensing device for introducing an anesthetic into a breathing gas stream

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3107689A (en) * 1960-07-22 1963-10-22 Drager Otto H Narcosis apparatus
US3257911A (en) * 1963-08-15 1966-06-28 Moog Inc Fluid powered servomechanism of a redundant, majority voting type

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1861618U (en) * 1960-07-22 1962-11-08 Draeger Werk Heinr & Bernh Dra Anesthesia machine.
DE1886611U (en) * 1961-11-18 1964-01-30 Draegerwerk Ag EVAPORATOR FOR ANESTHETIC EQUIPMENT WITH LIQUID ANESTHOSTICS AT NORMAL TEMPERATURE.

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3107689A (en) * 1960-07-22 1963-10-22 Drager Otto H Narcosis apparatus
US3257911A (en) * 1963-08-15 1966-06-28 Moog Inc Fluid powered servomechanism of a redundant, majority voting type

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4874010A (en) * 1988-05-26 1989-10-17 Siemens-Bendix Automotive Electronics Limited Heater control valve
US20190298965A1 (en) * 2016-07-14 2019-10-03 Drägerwerk AG & Co. KGaA Dispensing device for introducing an anesthetic into a breathing gas stream
US11623064B2 (en) * 2016-07-14 2023-04-11 Drägerwerk AG & Co. KGaA Dispensing device for introducing an anesthetic into a breathing gas stream

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1506118A (en) 1967-12-15
NL6615543A (en) 1967-07-10
GB1110143A (en) 1968-04-18
DE1282857B (en) 1968-11-14
SE320462B (en) 1970-02-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
AU614731B2 (en) Oxygen dilution apparatus
US4036253A (en) Gas dilution device
US5054688A (en) Foam producing nozzle
US3830256A (en) Fluid mixing
CH649714A5 (en) DEVICE FOR SUPPORTING BREATHABLE AND / OR ARTIFICIAL VENTILATION VARIABLE IN THE BREATH RHYTHM.
US5301662A (en) Nebulizer with high oxygen content and high total flow rate
ATE30084T1 (en) MIXING DEVICE WITH FLOW METERING FOR DELIVERING A MIXTURE OF TWO GASES IN A RATIO WHICH CANNOT BE BELOW A CERTAIN VALUE.
US20210138178A1 (en) Device And Method For Diffusing High Concentration NO With Inhalation Therapy Gas
US3158154A (en) Anesthesia vaporizer
US3107689A (en) Narcosis apparatus
US3446243A (en) Narcosis apparatus
GB1406583A (en) Apparatus for regulating the ratio of mising of two fluid flows
US3756577A (en) Vaporizer ventilating line
RU2332242C2 (en) Method of anesthetic dosage and device for its implementation
EP3355973B1 (en) Device for diffusing high concentration no with inhalation therapy gas
JPS59174164A (en) Gas distributor for anesthetic apparatus
DE132021C (en)
US20100037958A1 (en) Gas Delivery Method & Device
DE6603574U (en) Anesthesia machine with a by-pass connected in parallel to the vaporizer
DE1861618U (en) Anesthesia machine.
US1808612A (en) Device for dosing compressed gases
DE857132C (en) Anesthetic equipment
SU1090393A1 (en) Breathing mixture batcher
SU429820A1 (en) DEVICE FOR THE FORMATION AND SUPPLY OF A HYPOXIC MIXTURE
DE1886611U (en) EVAPORATOR FOR ANESTHETIC EQUIPMENT WITH LIQUID ANESTHOSTICS AT NORMAL TEMPERATURE.