US3158154A - Anesthesia vaporizer - Google Patents

Anesthesia vaporizer Download PDF

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Publication number
US3158154A
US3158154A US226864A US22686462A US3158154A US 3158154 A US3158154 A US 3158154A US 226864 A US226864 A US 226864A US 22686462 A US22686462 A US 22686462A US 3158154 A US3158154 A US 3158154A
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vaporizer
gas
chamber
pipe means
pipe
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US226864A
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Schreiber Peter
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/14—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
    • A61M16/18—Vaporising devices for anaesthetic preparations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/10—Mixing gases with gases
    • B01F23/12—Mixing gases with gases with vaporisation of a liquid

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an anesthesia vaporizer and, in particular, to a vaporizer for an anesthesia apparatus which uses an anesthetic that is liquid at normal temperatures.
  • anesthesia apparatus using a vaporizer for the anesthetic that is liquid at normal temperatures
  • a portion of the gas is fed through the vaporizer while the other portion of the gas by-passes the vaporizer and then is combined with the gas that has gone through the vaporizer.
  • throttle valves are provided in the pipes.
  • the by-pass pipe is provided with a constant flow throttle valve while a variable flow control valve is put in the pipe on the outlet side of the vaporizer.
  • the object of this invention is to avoid the above-mentioned disadvantage in a vaporizer for anesthetics liquid at normal temperatures.
  • the gas feed or intake pipe for the vaporizer includes a length of pipe such that the back pressure flow due to pulsations in the vaporizer will not reach the by-pass line. Consequently, the advantage is achieved in that pressure pulsations in the vaporizer will not cause any change in the mixture ratio between the gases from the vaporizer and the gases from the by-pass line as discharged from the device.
  • Gas such as air, an air mixture, a nutritive gas mixture with or without the addition of cyclopropane, laughing gas or the like, enters the device through pipe 1 leading into distribution chamber 2.
  • a pipe 3 connects chamber 2 with the vaporizer 4 containing an anesthetic liquid at normal temperatures.
  • Outlet pipe 5 containing a variable control throttle valve 6 connects with pipe 7 extending into the gas mixing chamber 8.
  • the by-pass line 9 is joined in parallel to vaporizer 4 and contains a throttle valve 16. Both valves 6 and 19 are adjustable.
  • Outlet tube 11 from the chamber 8 is 3,158,154 Patented Nov. 24, 1964 connectable to pipe means leading to the patient.
  • pressure pulsations occur in the vaporizer chamber 13 in accordance with the pulsations produced in the pipe 11 and mixing chamber 8 by reason of the breathing of the patient.
  • These pressure pulsations in vaporizer chamber 13 cause a blackflow of gas through pipe 3 into distribution chamber 2 and into by-pass line 9.
  • the length of the included pipe 12 in the intake pipe 3 is such that, when a maximum pressure pulse occurs in vaporizing chamber 13, the gas enriched with the vaporized anesthetic will not backdow all the Way to the distribution chamber 2 and, consequently, will not reach the mixing chamber 8 through by-pass line 9.
  • a vaporizer for an anesthetic, liquid at normal temperatures as used in an anesthesia apparatus, said vaporizer having a gas inlet distributor chamber, pipe means for supplying gas into said distributor chamber, a liquid anesthetic vaporizer unit, first pipe means joining said distributor chamber to said vaporizer unit for leading intake gas from said distributor chamber into said unit, a gas mixing chamber, second pipe means connecting said vaporizer unit to said mixing chamber for leading vaporized gas from said unit to said mixing chamber, by-pass pipe means joining said distributor chamber to said .illiX- ing chamber, valve means for controlling the flow of gas through said vaporizer, and outlet tube means for exhaust ing gas from said mixing chamber, the improvement in which said first pipe means has a relatively long length as compared to said second pipe means to prevent normal gas backfiow from said vaporizer unit due to pressure pulsations caused by the breathing of the user of the vaporizer from reaching said distribution chamber and said by-pass pipe means.
  • said first pipe means comprising a tube coil.

Description

Nov. 24, 1964 P. SCHREIBER ANESTHESIA VAPORIZER Filed Sept. 28, 1962 INVENTOR Pezer Jch/"ez'ber' ATTORNEY-3 United States Patent 3,158,154 ANESTHESIA VAPORIZER Peter Schreiher, Luheeh, Germany, assignor to Otto Heinrich Driiger, Lubeelr, Germany Filed Sept. 28, 1962, Ser. No. 226,86 Claims priority, applieatien Germany, Nov. 18, 1951,
D 37,4?4 2 Claims. (Cl. 123-188) This invention relates to an anesthesia vaporizer and, in particular, to a vaporizer for an anesthesia apparatus which uses an anesthetic that is liquid at normal temperatures.
In an anesthesia apparatus using a vaporizer for the anesthetic that is liquid at normal temperatures, a portion of the gas is fed through the vaporizer while the other portion of the gas by-passes the vaporizer and then is combined with the gas that has gone through the vaporizer. In order to control the proportional ratio between the volume of gas flowing through the vaporizer and the volume of gas flowing through the by-pass, throttle valves are provided in the pipes. In one form of this apparatus, the by-pass pipe is provided with a constant flow throttle valve while a variable flow control valve is put in the pipe on the outlet side of the vaporizer. When this apparatus is used in combination with an apparatus for artificial respiration, the disadvantage exists in that pressure pulsations are formed in the vaporizer which cause pulsations in the gas being fed to the vaporizer as Well as in the gas flowing through the by-pass. These pulsations cause, among otherthings, a backflow of the vaporized anesthetics from the vaporizer so that the vaporized anesthetics reach the oy-pass line by way of the feed pipe to the vaporizer. Consequently, the adjusted mixture of the gases is uncontrollably changed by this backflow of the anesthetic gas from the vaporizer.
The object of this invention is to avoid the above-mentioned disadvantage in a vaporizer for anesthetics liquid at normal temperatures. According to this invention, the gas feed or intake pipe for the vaporizer includes a length of pipe such that the back pressure flow due to pulsations in the vaporizer will not reach the by-pass line. Consequently, the advantage is achieved in that pressure pulsations in the vaporizer will not cause any change in the mixture ratio between the gases from the vaporizer and the gases from the by-pass line as discharged from the device.
The means by which the objects of the invention are obtained are described more fully with reference to the accompanying schematic drawing of a cross-section through the device.
Gas, such as air, an air mixture, a nutritive gas mixture with or without the addition of cyclopropane, laughing gas or the like, enters the device through pipe 1 leading into distribution chamber 2. A pipe 3 connects chamber 2 with the vaporizer 4 containing an anesthetic liquid at normal temperatures. Outlet pipe 5 containing a variable control throttle valve 6 connects with pipe 7 extending into the gas mixing chamber 8.
The by-pass line 9 is joined in parallel to vaporizer 4 and contains a throttle valve 16. Both valves 6 and 19 are adjustable.
6 Outlet tube 11 from the chamber 8 is 3,158,154 Patented Nov. 24, 1964 connectable to pipe means leading to the patient.
A relatively long piece of pipe 12, preferably in the form of a pipe coil, is included in the pipe 3 and has a length sufiicient to satisfy the following conditions. When the device is in use, pressure pulsations occur in the vaporizer chamber 13 in accordance with the pulsations produced in the pipe 11 and mixing chamber 8 by reason of the breathing of the patient. These pressure pulsations in vaporizer chamber 13 cause a blackflow of gas through pipe 3 into distribution chamber 2 and into by-pass line 9. In the prior art apparatus, this leads to the fact that, when the patient inhales, anesthetic gas in an uncontrollable volume is fed through distribution chamber 2 and by-pass line 9. This means that an undesired amount of vaporized narcotic is given the patient. According to this invention, the length of the included pipe 12 in the intake pipe 3 is such that, when a maximum pressure pulse occurs in vaporizing chamber 13, the gas enriched with the vaporized anesthetic will not backdow all the Way to the distribution chamber 2 and, consequently, will not reach the mixing chamber 8 through by-pass line 9.
Having now described the means by which the objects of the invention are obtained, I claim:
1. In a vaporizer for an anesthetic, liquid at normal temperatures, as used in an anesthesia apparatus, said vaporizer having a gas inlet distributor chamber, pipe means for supplying gas into said distributor chamber, a liquid anesthetic vaporizer unit, first pipe means joining said distributor chamber to said vaporizer unit for leading intake gas from said distributor chamber into said unit, a gas mixing chamber, second pipe means connecting said vaporizer unit to said mixing chamber for leading vaporized gas from said unit to said mixing chamber, by-pass pipe means joining said distributor chamber to said .illiX- ing chamber, valve means for controlling the flow of gas through said vaporizer, and outlet tube means for exhaust ing gas from said mixing chamber, the improvement in which said first pipe means has a relatively long length as compared to said second pipe means to prevent normal gas backfiow from said vaporizer unit due to pressure pulsations caused by the breathing of the user of the vaporizer from reaching said distribution chamber and said by-pass pipe means.
2. In a vaporizer as in claim 1, said first pipe means comprising a tube coil.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,302,133 4/19 Clark l28203 2,042,474 6/36 McKesson 128-203 2,136,245 11/38 Heidbrink l28203 3,018,777 1/62 Dietrich 128-210 FOREIGN PATENTS 181,355 3/55 Austria.
RICHARD A. GAUDET, Primary Examiner. JORDAN FRANKLIN, Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. IN A VAPORIZER FOR AN ANESTHETIC, LIQUID AT NORMAL TEMPERATURES, AS USED IN AN ANESTHESIA APPARATUS, SAID VAPORIZER HAVING A GAS INLET DISTRIBUTOR CHAMBER, PIPE MEANS FOR SUPPLYING GAS INTO SAID DISTRIBUTOR CHAMBER, A LIQUID ANESTHETIC VAPORIZER UNIT, FIRST PIPE MEANS JOINING SAID DISTRIBUTOR CHAMBER TO SAID VAPORIZER UNIT FOR LEADING INTAKE GAS FROM SAID DISTRIBUTOR CHAMBER INTO SAID UNIT, A GAS MIXING CHAMBER, SECOND PIPE MEANS CONNECTING SAID VAPORIZER UNIT TO SAID MIXING CHAMBER FOR LEADING VAPORIZED GAS FROM SAID UNIT TO SAID MIXING CHAMBER, BY-PASS PIPE MEANS JOINING SAID DISTRIBUTOR CHAMBER TO SAID MIXING CHAMBER, VALVE MEANS FOR CONTROLLING THE FLOW OF GAS THROUGH SAID VAPORIZER, AND OUTLET TUBE MEANS FOR EXHAUSTING GAS FROM SAID MIXING CHAMBER, THE IMPROVEMENT IN WHICH SAID FIRST PIPE MEANS HAS A RELATIVELY LONG LENGTH AS COMPARED TO SAID SECOND PIPE MEANS TO PREVENT NORMAL GAS BACKFLOW FROM SAID VAPORIZER UNIT DUE TO PRESSURE PULSATIONS CAUSED BY THE BREATHING OF THE USER OF THE VAPORIZER FROM REACHING SAID DISTRIBUTION CHAMBER AND SAID BY-PASS PIPE MEANS.
US226864A 1961-11-18 1962-09-28 Anesthesia vaporizer Expired - Lifetime US3158154A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED37494A DE1149860B (en) 1961-11-18 1961-11-18 Vaporizer for anesthesia machines with anesthetics that are liquid at normal temperature
DED41839A DE1189235B (en) 1961-11-18 1963-06-26 Vaporizer for anesthesia machines with anesthetics that are liquid at normal temperature

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US377814A Expired - Lifetime US3313298A (en) 1961-11-18 1964-06-25 Anesthesia vaporizer

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3756577A (en) * 1966-12-17 1973-09-04 H Breiling Vaporizer ventilating line
EP0231513A2 (en) * 1986-01-21 1987-08-12 Gambro Engström Ab Gasification and dosage arrangement
US4879997A (en) * 1988-04-07 1989-11-14 Bickford Allan M Anesthetic vaporizer
US5209225A (en) * 1991-11-19 1993-05-11 Glenn Joseph G Flow through nebulizer
US6298845B1 (en) * 1998-09-02 2001-10-09 Siemens Elema Ab Vaporizer
GB2436945A (en) * 2003-11-11 2007-10-10 Richard John Fiedorowicz Anaesthetic vaporiser
US20080066749A1 (en) * 2006-09-20 2008-03-20 Drager Medical Ag & Co. Kg Anesthetic vaporizer
US20140238496A1 (en) * 2013-02-26 2014-08-28 Ibidi Gmbh Apparatus For Providing a Gas

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE302660B (en) * 1963-12-12 1968-07-29 Aga Ab
US4091056A (en) * 1972-06-28 1978-05-23 Veikko Hamalainen Method of vaporizing liquids
US6189870B1 (en) * 1997-07-01 2001-02-20 Gordon Withall Dual port medical oxygen humidifier
DE10039557C2 (en) * 2000-08-12 2003-03-13 Draeger Medical Ag Pressure compensation device in an anesthetic evaporator
US8267081B2 (en) * 2009-02-20 2012-09-18 Baxter International Inc. Inhaled anesthetic agent therapy and delivery system
GB201115228D0 (en) 2011-09-03 2011-10-19 Secr Defence Detection aid device

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1302133A (en) * 1912-03-26 1919-04-29 Albert Charles Clark Anesthetic apparatus.
US2042474A (en) * 1930-03-10 1936-06-02 Martha F Mckesson Gas administering
US2136245A (en) * 1935-08-23 1938-11-08 Ohio Chemical And Mfg Company Ether vaporizer
AT181355B (en) * 1952-05-31 1955-03-10 Norbert Dr Hammer Apparatus for controllable inhalation of vapors developed from liquids or solids by the body heat of the hand surrounding the apparatus, in particular for self-analgesia using trichlorethylene
US3018777A (en) * 1958-12-17 1962-01-30 Air Reduction Anesthetic vaporizer and administering apparatus

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1094301A (en) * 1912-05-20 1914-04-21 Mcdermott Surgical Instr Co Ltd Apparatus for administering anesthetics.
US2141794A (en) * 1936-05-06 1938-12-27 Frances King Apparatus for administering anesthetics
US2890696A (en) * 1957-12-17 1959-06-16 Lucien E Morris Anesthesia apparatus
US3128764A (en) * 1960-10-06 1964-04-14 Wilbur R Koehn Anesthesizing apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1302133A (en) * 1912-03-26 1919-04-29 Albert Charles Clark Anesthetic apparatus.
US2042474A (en) * 1930-03-10 1936-06-02 Martha F Mckesson Gas administering
US2136245A (en) * 1935-08-23 1938-11-08 Ohio Chemical And Mfg Company Ether vaporizer
AT181355B (en) * 1952-05-31 1955-03-10 Norbert Dr Hammer Apparatus for controllable inhalation of vapors developed from liquids or solids by the body heat of the hand surrounding the apparatus, in particular for self-analgesia using trichlorethylene
US3018777A (en) * 1958-12-17 1962-01-30 Air Reduction Anesthetic vaporizer and administering apparatus

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3756577A (en) * 1966-12-17 1973-09-04 H Breiling Vaporizer ventilating line
EP0231513A2 (en) * 1986-01-21 1987-08-12 Gambro Engström Ab Gasification and dosage arrangement
EP0231513A3 (en) * 1986-01-21 1988-06-22 Gambro Engstrom Ab Gasification and dosage arrangement
US4879997A (en) * 1988-04-07 1989-11-14 Bickford Allan M Anesthetic vaporizer
US5209225A (en) * 1991-11-19 1993-05-11 Glenn Joseph G Flow through nebulizer
US6298845B1 (en) * 1998-09-02 2001-10-09 Siemens Elema Ab Vaporizer
GB2436945A (en) * 2003-11-11 2007-10-10 Richard John Fiedorowicz Anaesthetic vaporiser
GB2436945B (en) * 2003-11-11 2008-04-02 Richard John Fiedorowicz Anaesthetic vaporiser
US20080066749A1 (en) * 2006-09-20 2008-03-20 Drager Medical Ag & Co. Kg Anesthetic vaporizer
US7992843B2 (en) * 2006-09-20 2011-08-09 Dräger Medical GmbH Anesthetic vaporizer
US20140238496A1 (en) * 2013-02-26 2014-08-28 Ibidi Gmbh Apparatus For Providing a Gas
US10037043B2 (en) * 2013-02-26 2018-07-31 Ibidi Gmbh Apparatus for providing a gas

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NL290539A (en)
GB1001854A (en) 1965-08-18
NL124018C (en)
DE1189235B (en) 1965-03-18
US3313298A (en) 1967-04-11
DE1149860B (en) 1963-06-06

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