US3830256A - Fluid mixing - Google Patents

Fluid mixing Download PDF

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Publication number
US3830256A
US3830256A US30618472A US3830256A US 3830256 A US3830256 A US 3830256A US 30618472 A US30618472 A US 30618472A US 3830256 A US3830256 A US 3830256A
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Prior art keywords
gas
passages
gas mixture
passage
flow rate
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L Cox
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BOC Group Ltd
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British Oxigen Ltd
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Publication date
Priority to GB3886570A priority Critical patent/GB1364841A/en
Application filed by British Oxigen Ltd filed Critical British Oxigen Ltd
Priority to DE2255778A priority patent/DE2255778A1/en
Priority to US30618472 priority patent/US3830256A/en
Priority to FR7240775A priority patent/FR2206870A5/fr
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Publication of US3830256A publication Critical patent/US3830256A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/12—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/10—Mixing gases with gases
    • B01F23/19—Mixing systems, i.e. flow charts or diagrams; Arrangements, e.g. comprising controlling means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K19/00—Arrangements of valves and flow lines specially adapted for mixing fluids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/87265—Dividing into parallel flow paths with recombining
    • Y10T137/87281—System having plural inlets
    • Y10T137/8729—Having digital flow controller
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/87571—Multiple inlet with single outlet
    • Y10T137/87676—With flow control
    • Y10T137/87684—Valve in each inlet

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT 52 11.5.0. 137/599, 137/606 An apparatus for mixing two or more fluids including 51 Int. Cl. Fl6k 19/00 a series of 1199991698 into each of which each fluid to be [58] Field Of Search 137/599, 607, 606 mixed can be passed at a Chosen rate 89 that each P sage can supply a chosen mixture, and valve means [56] References i d operable to select which of the passages is used to sup- UNITED STATES PATENTS Ply 3,032,053 5/1962 Ross 6161. 137/607 x 8 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure The present invention relates to fluid mixing, and particularly to apparatus for mixing gases for medical purposes.
  • the present invention provides an apparatus for mixing two or more different fluids which is as claimed in the appended claims.
  • oxygen and air are passed along their respective inlet lines 1 and 3 to regulators 2 and 4 respectively at a pressure of 0.4N/mm
  • regulators 2 and 4 are designed and fluid loaded to ensure that the oxygen and air leave their respective regulators at a constant pressure of O.28N/mm
  • the oxygen passes from regulator 2 along the inlet line and is directed into four separate flow lines, 6, 8, l and 12.
  • the oxygen lines 6, 8, and are joined to the air lines 16, 18 and respectively.
  • Flow impedances in the form of calibrated orifices 26 are located in the flow lines 6, 8, 10, 16, 18 and 20. These orifices (or throttles) are dimensioned so that their flow impedances have such relative magnitudes as to be able to give from the pairs of flow lines 6 and 16, 8 and 18 and 10 and 20, mixtures containing percent, percent and 60 percent by volume of oxygen, respectively. It will be appreciated that there will be 100 percent and approximately 20 percent of oxygen in the flow lines 12 and 14 respectively because the line 12 is an oxygen line and the line 14 is an air line.
  • Push button on/off switches 28, 30, 32, 34 and 36 are located in the flow lines as shown in the drawing.
  • the switches 30, 32 and 34 control the mixed pairs of flow lines 6 and 16, 8 and 18, and 10 and 20 respectively.
  • Non-return valves 38 are located in all the flow lines downstream of the on/off switches to prevent reversed gas flow.
  • the outlet line 21 leads from the outlet point 22 to the lung ventilator (not shown).
  • An outlet regulator is located in the outlet line 21.
  • An off/on switch 42 and a calibrated orifice 44 are located in the outlet line 21 downstream of the outlet regulator 40. The bore of the orifice 44 defines the gas flow rate to the ventilator.
  • the oxygen and air supplies are turned on, and the switch 42 is switched off.
  • the appropriate one of the on/off switches 28 to 36 is pressed to select a gas of the required composition.
  • the switch 42 is switched on by the flow mechanism of the ventilator. This allows the selected gas to pass through the orifice 44 to the ventilator.
  • the switch 42 is switched off by the ventilator flow mechanism thereby shutting off the inspiratory gas supply to the ventilator until the start of the next inspiratory phase.
  • composition of the gas being fed to the ventilator can be changed simply by pressing the appropriate one of the switches 28 to 36 so as to open the required flow line or pair of flow lines.
  • the action of pressing one of these on/off switches automatically releases a previously pressed switch so as to close the previously opened flow line or pair of flow lines. This prevents two flow lines or pairs of flow lines from being open at the same time so as to pass a gas of incorrect composition.
  • the gas is fed from the outlet regulator 40 at a pressure of 0.2N/mm
  • non-return valves 38 are included in this de' scribed apparatus, it is to be understood that apparatus according to the invention may operate efficiently without non-return valves.
  • the orifices 26 and 44 may be replaced by orifices of adjustable cross-sectional area.
  • the calibrated orifice 44 may be replaced by either a demand valve, or a fine adjustment valve which allows a preset adjustable gas flow.
  • the fine adjustment valve may be used either with or without a flowmeter.
  • a gas mixing apparatus including:
  • each flow rate control passage being connected between an inlet passage and a gas mixture distribution passage, and each gas mixture distribution passage being connected by flow rate control passages to both of said at least two gas inlet passages;
  • each flow rate control passage e. a calibrated flow impedance in each flow rate control passage, for passing gas at a chosen flow rate to the gas mixture distribution passage downstream thereof, whereby gas mixtures of different chosen compositions are able to be formed in the gas mix-,
  • valve means operable to close selected gas mixture distribution passages, whereby the composition of the gas mixture supplied from the common outlet depends on which of the gas distribution passages is left open to the passage of gas therethrough.
  • each flow impedance is in the form of an orifice.

Abstract

An apparatus for mixing two or more fluids including a series of passages into each of which each fluid to be mixed can be passed at a chosen rate so that each passage can supply a chosen mixture, and valve means operable to select which of the passages is used to supply the mixture.

Description

United States Patent 1191 Cox Aug. 20, 1974 FLUID MIXING 3,308,619 3/1967 Richardson et al 137/599 x 3,542,064 11/1970 0 11 137 599 x [75] Inventor Lawrence Alfred 3,603,349 9 1971 1375599 x England 3,677,296 7/1972 Berger 137/606 [73] Assignee: The British Oxygen Company Limited, London, Engkmd Primary ExaminerRobert G. Nllson Attorney, Agent, or FirmDennison, Dennison,
[22] Filed: Nov. 14, 1972 Townshend & Meserole [21] Appl. No.: 306,184
[57] ABSTRACT 52 11.5.0. 137/599, 137/606 An apparatus for mixing two or more fluids including 51 Int. Cl. Fl6k 19/00 a series of 1199991698 into each of which each fluid to be [58] Field Of Search 137/599, 607, 606 mixed can be passed at a Chosen rate 89 that each P sage can supply a chosen mixture, and valve means [56] References i d operable to select which of the passages is used to sup- UNITED STATES PATENTS Ply 3,032,053 5/1962 Ross 6161. 137/607 x 8 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure The present invention relates to fluid mixing, and particularly to apparatus for mixing gases for medical purposes.
In order to provide a comprehensive gas supply service for respiratory purposes it is necessary to be able to provide a mixture of two different gases in which the constituent gases may be present in any one of several different ratios. It has been customary to provide such a mixture by using a gas mixing apparatus which can provide continuous variation in the composition ratio of the mixture over a considerable range. This apparatus is relatively complex, and hence, expensive.
It is an aim of the invention to provide a fluid mixing apparatus which is relatively simple in construction. Accordingly the present invention provides an apparatus for mixing two or more different fluids which is as claimed in the appended claims.
The present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing which is a schematic flow diagram of apparatus for producing an air-oxygen mixture for a lung ventilator.
Referring to the drawing, oxygen and air are passed along their respective inlet lines 1 and 3 to regulators 2 and 4 respectively at a pressure of 0.4N/mm These regulators are designed and fluid loaded to ensure that the oxygen and air leave their respective regulators at a constant pressure of O.28N/mm The oxygen passes from regulator 2 along the inlet line and is directed into four separate flow lines, 6, 8, l and 12. The air leaves the regulator 4 and is directed along the inlet line 3 into four flow lines l4, 16, 18 and 20. All the flow lines are connected to an outlet line 21 at a common outlet point 22.
Before reaching the outlet point 22, the oxygen lines 6, 8, and are joined to the air lines 16, 18 and respectively. Flow impedances in the form of calibrated orifices 26 are located in the flow lines 6, 8, 10, 16, 18 and 20. These orifices (or throttles) are dimensioned so that their flow impedances have such relative magnitudes as to be able to give from the pairs of flow lines 6 and 16, 8 and 18 and 10 and 20, mixtures containing percent, percent and 60 percent by volume of oxygen, respectively. It will be appreciated that there will be 100 percent and approximately 20 percent of oxygen in the flow lines 12 and 14 respectively because the line 12 is an oxygen line and the line 14 is an air line.
Push button on/off switches 28, 30, 32, 34 and 36 are located in the flow lines as shown in the drawing. The switches 30, 32 and 34 control the mixed pairs of flow lines 6 and 16, 8 and 18, and 10 and 20 respectively.
Non-return valves 38 are located in all the flow lines downstream of the on/off switches to prevent reversed gas flow.
The outlet line 21 leads from the outlet point 22 to the lung ventilator (not shown). An outlet regulator is located in the outlet line 21. An off/on switch 42 and a calibrated orifice 44 are located in the outlet line 21 downstream of the outlet regulator 40. The bore of the orifice 44 defines the gas flow rate to the ventilator.
The operation of the apparatus is as follows:
The oxygen and air supplies are turned on, and the switch 42 is switched off. The appropriate one of the on/off switches 28 to 36 is pressed to select a gas of the required composition.
At the start of each inspiratory phase of the ventilator, the switch 42 is switched on by the flow mechanism of the ventilator. This allows the selected gas to pass through the orifice 44 to the ventilator.
At the end of each inspiratory phase, the switch 42 is switched off by the ventilator flow mechanism thereby shutting off the inspiratory gas supply to the ventilator until the start of the next inspiratory phase.
The composition of the gas being fed to the ventilator can be changed simply by pressing the appropriate one of the switches 28 to 36 so as to open the required flow line or pair of flow lines. The action of pressing one of these on/off switches automatically releases a previously pressed switch so as to close the previously opened flow line or pair of flow lines. This prevents two flow lines or pairs of flow lines from being open at the same time so as to pass a gas of incorrect composition.
In this particular apparatus, the gas is fed from the outlet regulator 40 at a pressure of 0.2N/mm Although non-return valves 38 are included in this de' scribed apparatus, it is to be understood that apparatus according to the invention may operate efficiently without non-return valves.
The orifices 26 and 44 may be replaced by orifices of adjustable cross-sectional area. The calibrated orifice 44 may be replaced by either a demand valve, or a fine adjustment valve which allows a preset adjustable gas flow. The fine adjustment valve may be used either with or without a flowmeter.
In a modified apparatus provision may be made for two or more of the on/off switches to remain on at the same time. This increases the number of gas composition ratios which can be selected by an operator.
I claim:
1. A gas mixing apparatus including:
a. at least two gas inlet passages for the gases to be mixed;
b. a gas pressure regulator in each inlet passage;
0. a plurality of gas mixture distribution passages;
d. a plurality of flow rate control passages, each flow rate control passage being connected between an inlet passage and a gas mixture distribution passage, and each gas mixture distribution passage being connected by flow rate control passages to both of said at least two gas inlet passages;
e. a calibrated flow impedance in each flow rate control passage, for passing gas at a chosen flow rate to the gas mixture distribution passage downstream thereof, whereby gas mixtures of different chosen compositions are able to be formed in the gas mix-,
ture distribution passages;
f. a common outlet to which all the gas mixture distribution passages are connected, and from which a gas mixture can be supplied; and
g. valve means operable to close selected gas mixture distribution passages, whereby the composition of the gas mixture supplied from the common outlet depends on which of the gas distribution passages is left open to the passage of gas therethrough.
2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, in which each flow impedance is in the form of an orifice.
let switch in the outlet line downstream of the pressure regulator.
7. Apparatus as claimed in claim 5, including an orifice of reduced cross-sectional area downstream of the pressure regulator in the outlet line.
8. Apparatus as claimed in claim 5, including a demand valve downstream of the pressure regulator in the outlet line.

Claims (8)

1. A gas mixing apparatus including: a. at least two gas inlet passages for the gases to be mixed; b. a gas pressure regulator in each inlet passage; c. a plurality of gas mixture distribution passages; d. a plurality of flow rate control passages, each flow rate control passage being connected between an inlet passage and a gas mixture distribution passage, and each gas mixture distribution passage being connected by flow rate control passages to both of said at least two gas inlet passages; e. a calibrated flow impedance in each flow rate control passage, for passing gas at a chosen flow rate to the gas mixture distribution passage downstream thereof, whereby gas mixtures of different chosen compositions are able to be formed in the gas mixture distribution passages; f. a common outlet to which all the gas mixture distribution passages are connected, and from which a gas mixture can be supplied; and g. valve means operable to close selected gas mixture distribution passages, whereby the composition of the gas mixture supplied from the common outlet depends on which of the gas distribution passages is left open to the passage of gas therethrough.
2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, in which each flow impedance is in the form of an orifice.
3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, in which each flow impedance has associated with it a non-return valve for each of the fluids passed to it.
4. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, in which the cross-sectional area of at least one of the orifices is adjustable.
5. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 including a pressure regulator located in the outlet line.
6. Apparatus as claimed in claim 5, including an outlet switch in the outlet line downstream of the pressure regulator.
7. Apparatus as claimed in claim 5, including an orifice of reduced cross-sectional area downstream of the pressure regulator in the outlet line.
8. Apparatus as claimed in claim 5, including a demand valve downstream of the pressure regulator in the outlet line.
US30618472 1971-08-12 1972-11-14 Fluid mixing Expired - Lifetime US3830256A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB3886570A GB1364841A (en) 1971-08-12 1971-08-12 Fluid mixing
DE2255778A DE2255778A1 (en) 1971-08-12 1972-11-14 DEVICE FOR MIXING TWO OR MORE DIFFERENT GASES
US30618472 US3830256A (en) 1971-08-12 1972-11-14 Fluid mixing
FR7240775A FR2206870A5 (en) 1971-08-12 1972-11-16

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB3886570A GB1364841A (en) 1971-08-12 1971-08-12 Fluid mixing
DE2255778A DE2255778A1 (en) 1971-08-12 1972-11-14 DEVICE FOR MIXING TWO OR MORE DIFFERENT GASES
US30618472 US3830256A (en) 1971-08-12 1972-11-14 Fluid mixing
FR7240775A FR2206870A5 (en) 1971-08-12 1972-11-16

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Cited By (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3886971A (en) * 1972-03-20 1975-06-03 Jorgen Schjerning Lundsgaard Apparatus for regulating the ratio of mixing of two fluid flows
US3888109A (en) * 1973-11-16 1975-06-10 Dresser Ind Gas dilution unit
US3905394A (en) * 1974-04-12 1975-09-16 Digital Dynamics Inc Flow control system
US3999572A (en) * 1975-03-24 1976-12-28 The Garrett Corporation Fluid flow instrumentality
US4019523A (en) * 1975-02-07 1977-04-26 Clark Justin S Method and apparatus for mixing gases
US4290450A (en) * 1979-03-28 1981-09-22 Eaton Corporation Fluid mixing valve
US4392514A (en) * 1981-01-26 1983-07-12 Queue Systems, Inc. Apparatus and method for precision gas mixing
US4420009A (en) * 1979-04-06 1983-12-13 Boc Limited Apparatus for mixing fluids
EP0126996A2 (en) * 1983-05-27 1984-12-05 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Method to produce an inert gas atmosphere with a constant composition, comprising nitrogen and carbon dioxide, in a cooled container
US4498496A (en) * 1981-07-22 1985-02-12 Fiat Auto S.P.A. Mixing of gaseous substances
US4596156A (en) * 1983-06-04 1986-06-24 Horiba, Ltd. Sample gas extracting apparatus
US4705669A (en) * 1985-10-19 1987-11-10 Horiba, Ltd. Gas analyzer for simultaneously measuring many ingredients
US4709858A (en) * 1986-03-14 1987-12-01 Robotic Vision System, Inc. Digital flow control system
US5157957A (en) * 1988-11-21 1992-10-27 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Process for producing standard gas mixture and apparatus for producing the same
US5239856A (en) * 1988-11-21 1993-08-31 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Apparatus for producing standard gas mixtures
US5423313A (en) * 1981-03-10 1995-06-13 Siemens-Elema Ab Respirator intended for connection to human or animal airways
NL9302287A (en) * 1993-12-31 1995-07-17 Witteveen & Bos Dilution apparatus
US5614655A (en) * 1993-03-12 1997-03-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gas mixing device
US5765585A (en) * 1995-10-12 1998-06-16 Peterson; Roger Sample decade dilution system and procedure
US5950675A (en) * 1996-02-15 1999-09-14 Fujikin Incorporated Backflow prevention apparatus for feeding a mixture of gases
US6082398A (en) * 1996-11-05 2000-07-04 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Device for regulating the flow of gases having substantially different molar masses
CN1089626C (en) * 1996-11-28 2002-08-28 索尔微氟及衍生物有限公司 Preparation of homogeneous gas mixtures with SF6
US20080127975A1 (en) * 2004-12-01 2008-06-05 Dominik Lirsch Method for Preparing Gas Mixtures for Lung Ventilators and Device for Carrying Out this Method
US20080277000A1 (en) * 2007-05-10 2008-11-13 Gammon James H Valve system
US20090171507A1 (en) * 2005-08-26 2009-07-02 Fujikin Incorporated Gasket type orifice and pressure type flow rate control apparatus for which the orifice is employed
US20130220451A1 (en) * 2005-06-27 2013-08-29 Fujikin Incorporated Flow rate range variable type flow rate control apparatus
US20130255782A1 (en) * 2012-03-27 2013-10-03 Iqbal Shareef Shared gas panels in plasma processing chambers employing multi-zone gas feeds
US20140262159A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Trane International Inc. Fluid Flow Measurement and Control
US9383758B2 (en) 2005-06-27 2016-07-05 Fujikin Incorporated Flow rate range variable type flow rate control apparatus
US9921089B2 (en) 2005-06-27 2018-03-20 Fujikin Incorporated Flow rate range variable type flow rate control apparatus

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ES8201825A1 (en) * 1981-02-17 1982-01-16 Medicas Manuf A Respirator for Clinical Use
DE3924123C2 (en) * 1989-07-20 1994-01-27 Draegerwerk Ag Device for generating and metering a gas mixture
WO2020070301A1 (en) * 2018-10-05 2020-04-09 Vitalograph (Ireland) Ltd. A demand valve restrictor

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US3032053A (en) * 1961-04-10 1962-05-01 Union Carbide Canada Ltd Gas proportioner
US3308619A (en) * 1965-05-14 1967-03-14 Curtiss Wright Corp Incremental thrust control system
US3542064A (en) * 1968-07-31 1970-11-24 Richard Garrahan Gas flow control valve
US3603349A (en) * 1969-08-14 1971-09-07 Irlin H Botnick Pushbutton-operated valve
US3677296A (en) * 1970-03-16 1972-07-18 James E Berger Fluid proportioner means

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US3032053A (en) * 1961-04-10 1962-05-01 Union Carbide Canada Ltd Gas proportioner
US3308619A (en) * 1965-05-14 1967-03-14 Curtiss Wright Corp Incremental thrust control system
US3542064A (en) * 1968-07-31 1970-11-24 Richard Garrahan Gas flow control valve
US3603349A (en) * 1969-08-14 1971-09-07 Irlin H Botnick Pushbutton-operated valve
US3677296A (en) * 1970-03-16 1972-07-18 James E Berger Fluid proportioner means

Cited By (37)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3886971A (en) * 1972-03-20 1975-06-03 Jorgen Schjerning Lundsgaard Apparatus for regulating the ratio of mixing of two fluid flows
US3888109A (en) * 1973-11-16 1975-06-10 Dresser Ind Gas dilution unit
US3905394A (en) * 1974-04-12 1975-09-16 Digital Dynamics Inc Flow control system
US4019523A (en) * 1975-02-07 1977-04-26 Clark Justin S Method and apparatus for mixing gases
US3999572A (en) * 1975-03-24 1976-12-28 The Garrett Corporation Fluid flow instrumentality
US4290450A (en) * 1979-03-28 1981-09-22 Eaton Corporation Fluid mixing valve
US4420009A (en) * 1979-04-06 1983-12-13 Boc Limited Apparatus for mixing fluids
US4392514A (en) * 1981-01-26 1983-07-12 Queue Systems, Inc. Apparatus and method for precision gas mixing
US5423313A (en) * 1981-03-10 1995-06-13 Siemens-Elema Ab Respirator intended for connection to human or animal airways
US4498496A (en) * 1981-07-22 1985-02-12 Fiat Auto S.P.A. Mixing of gaseous substances
EP0126996A2 (en) * 1983-05-27 1984-12-05 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Method to produce an inert gas atmosphere with a constant composition, comprising nitrogen and carbon dioxide, in a cooled container
EP0126996A3 (en) * 1983-05-27 1987-04-01 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Method to produce an inert gas atmosphere with a constant composition, comprising nitrogen and carbon dioxide, in a cooled container
US4596156A (en) * 1983-06-04 1986-06-24 Horiba, Ltd. Sample gas extracting apparatus
US4705669A (en) * 1985-10-19 1987-11-10 Horiba, Ltd. Gas analyzer for simultaneously measuring many ingredients
US4709858A (en) * 1986-03-14 1987-12-01 Robotic Vision System, Inc. Digital flow control system
US5157957A (en) * 1988-11-21 1992-10-27 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Process for producing standard gas mixture and apparatus for producing the same
US5239856A (en) * 1988-11-21 1993-08-31 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Apparatus for producing standard gas mixtures
US5614655A (en) * 1993-03-12 1997-03-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gas mixing device
NL9302287A (en) * 1993-12-31 1995-07-17 Witteveen & Bos Dilution apparatus
US5765585A (en) * 1995-10-12 1998-06-16 Peterson; Roger Sample decade dilution system and procedure
US5950675A (en) * 1996-02-15 1999-09-14 Fujikin Incorporated Backflow prevention apparatus for feeding a mixture of gases
US6082398A (en) * 1996-11-05 2000-07-04 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Device for regulating the flow of gases having substantially different molar masses
CN1089626C (en) * 1996-11-28 2002-08-28 索尔微氟及衍生物有限公司 Preparation of homogeneous gas mixtures with SF6
US20080127975A1 (en) * 2004-12-01 2008-06-05 Dominik Lirsch Method for Preparing Gas Mixtures for Lung Ventilators and Device for Carrying Out this Method
US9010369B2 (en) * 2005-06-27 2015-04-21 Fujikin Incorporated Flow rate range variable type flow rate control apparatus
US20130220451A1 (en) * 2005-06-27 2013-08-29 Fujikin Incorporated Flow rate range variable type flow rate control apparatus
US9383758B2 (en) 2005-06-27 2016-07-05 Fujikin Incorporated Flow rate range variable type flow rate control apparatus
US9921089B2 (en) 2005-06-27 2018-03-20 Fujikin Incorporated Flow rate range variable type flow rate control apparatus
US20090171507A1 (en) * 2005-08-26 2009-07-02 Fujikin Incorporated Gasket type orifice and pressure type flow rate control apparatus for which the orifice is employed
US9133951B2 (en) 2005-08-26 2015-09-15 Fujikin Incorporated Gasket type orifice and pressure type flow rate control apparatus for which the orifice is employed
US8091575B2 (en) 2007-05-10 2012-01-10 Gammon Technical Products, Inc. Valve system
US20080277000A1 (en) * 2007-05-10 2008-11-13 Gammon James H Valve system
US20130255782A1 (en) * 2012-03-27 2013-10-03 Iqbal Shareef Shared gas panels in plasma processing chambers employing multi-zone gas feeds
US9091397B2 (en) * 2012-03-27 2015-07-28 Lam Research Corporation Shared gas panels in plasma processing chambers employing multi-zone gas feeds
US20140262159A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Trane International Inc. Fluid Flow Measurement and Control
US10036568B2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2018-07-31 Trane International, Inc. Fluid flow measurement and control
US10845074B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2020-11-24 Trane International Inc. Fluid flow measurement and control

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GB1364841A (en) 1974-08-29
DE2255778A1 (en) 1974-05-16
FR2206870A5 (en) 1974-06-07

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