US3430295A - Process of opening tow - Google Patents

Process of opening tow Download PDF

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Publication number
US3430295A
US3430295A US538360A US3430295DA US3430295A US 3430295 A US3430295 A US 3430295A US 538360 A US538360 A US 538360A US 3430295D A US3430295D A US 3430295DA US 3430295 A US3430295 A US 3430295A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tow
rollers
loop
opening
nip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US538360A
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English (en)
Inventor
Olaf George Dixon
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3430295A publication Critical patent/US3430295A/en
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/02—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/0204—Preliminary operations before the filter rod forming process, e.g. crimping, blooming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H59/00—Adjusting or controlling tension in filamentary material, e.g. for preventing snarling; Applications of tension indicators
    • B65H59/38—Adjusting or controlling tension in filamentary material, e.g. for preventing snarling; Applications of tension indicators by regulating speed of driving mechanism of unwinding, paying-out, forwarding, winding, or depositing devices, e.g. automatically in response to variations in tension
    • B65H59/384—Adjusting or controlling tension in filamentary material, e.g. for preventing snarling; Applications of tension indicators by regulating speed of driving mechanism of unwinding, paying-out, forwarding, winding, or depositing devices, e.g. automatically in response to variations in tension using electronic means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/30—Handled filamentary material
    • B65H2701/31—Textiles threads or artificial strands of filaments

Definitions

  • tow such as cellulose acetate tow
  • the tow is highly crimped and any small variations in tension which may occur in the tow as presented to the filter-making machine may have a considerable effect upon the weight of tow per unit length fed into the machine.
  • the diameter of the filter plugs is highly critical and the density of the plugs is also of considerable importance, so that it is necessary to control the weight of tow per unit length with considerable care.
  • a process for the opening of tow for the production of cigarette filters comprises passing the tow through the nip of a pair of rollers, at least one of which rollers is driven, and spreading the tow into a band while it hangs freely in the form of a loop.
  • the tow may conveniently be passed through at least one guide ring to the nip of the rollers, some pressure being applied to the tow between the rollers.
  • the lower roller may be driven while the upper roller merely exerts pressure on the tow by its own weight.
  • the rollers may be urged together, for example by spring loading. It is in any case preferred that there should be a finite spacing between the two rollers. It is particularly preferred that the spacing between the rollers be adjustable according to the degree of crimp in the tow and the degree of opening required.
  • rollers are convenient to provide with one or more guide plates which lead the tow at the correct presentation angle to the rollers and disengage the tow from the rollers at the outlet side.
  • the tow is allowed to hang freely in the form of a loop, preferably by passing it over a bar or a non-driven roller in such a way that a free loop hangs between the rollers and the bar or non-driven roller.
  • the length of the hanging loop 3,430,295 Patented Mar. 4, 1969 shall be controllable within prescribed limits, in order that the tension of the tow may be substantially constant.
  • the driven roller, or rollers, of the pair of nip rollers is, or are, operated by a variable speed motor, the speed of which is controlled to maintain the loop length substantially constant.
  • the control means may, for example, be operable by photo-cell observation of the loop length.
  • the tow is passed in the free hanging state through a spreader which may be of any known form suitable for opening the tow into a broader band or web. If desired, a spreader may also be sited before the nip rollers in order to open the tow to some extent before passing through those rollers.
  • Adjustment of the spacing between the nip rollers allows control of the degree of opening obtained in the spreader.
  • decrease of the spacing leads to increased opening of the tow.
  • a static eliminator may be desirable.
  • the band of tow After passing over the bar or non-driven roller the band of tow may be fed between the tensioning rollers of a filter-making machine and converted into filter plugs.
  • the process may be also applied to newly manufactured tow when it is desired that this sohuld be opened before baling, in which case the opened tow will be fed to the baler.
  • the invention also includes apparatus for carrying out the process of the invention.
  • the tow 1 is withdrawn from a bale 2 through a guide ring 3 to a pair of rollers 4, the lower of which rollers is driven by any suitable means such as a variable speed motor 12 and belt 13.
  • the upper roller presses onto the tow under its own weight and under pressure of a spring 13, the distance between the two rollers being adjustable by means 14.
  • the tow is presented to the rollers over a guide plate 5 and is disengaged from the rollers over a guide plate 6 whereafter it hangs as a loop 7 between the guide plate 6 and a bar 8.
  • the length of the loop is controlled by a photo-electric cell 15 connected to the motor 12.
  • the free hanging tow is passed through a spreader 9 wherein it is opened into a band and passes in this form over the bar 8 to the tensioning rollers 10 and 11 of a cigarette filter-making machine (not shown) wherein it is converted into filter plugs.
  • thermoplastic filaments for the production of cigarette filters which comprises passing the tow through the nip of a pair of rollers, at least one of Which rollers in driven, forming a freely hanging vertical loop in the tow between the nip rollers and an idler roller, said loop having two vertical courses, passing one of said vertical courses through a spreader and maintaining the length of said freely hanging loop constant to maintain the tension of the tow passing through said spreader substantially constant.
  • thermoplastic filaments consist of highly crirnped cellulose acetate filaments.

Landscapes

  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
US538360A 1965-04-01 1966-03-29 Process of opening tow Expired - Lifetime US3430295A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB13810/65A GB1132984A (en) 1965-04-01 1965-04-01 Process and apparatus for opening tow

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3430295A true US3430295A (en) 1969-03-04

Family

ID=10029804

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US538360A Expired - Lifetime US3430295A (en) 1965-04-01 1966-03-29 Process of opening tow

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3430295A (en(2012))
BE (1) BE678875A (en(2012))
DE (1) DE1532142B1 (en(2012))
ES (1) ES325039A1 (en(2012))
GB (1) GB1132984A (en(2012))
NL (1) NL6604361A (en(2012))

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3667090A (en) * 1968-03-27 1972-06-06 Stevens & Co Inc J P Apparatus for dephasing textured yarn
US5339502A (en) * 1990-11-29 1994-08-23 Peter Grossenbacher Method and apparatus for plug loosening after texturing
EP0937792A1 (en) * 1997-12-03 1999-08-25 SCA Hygiene Products AB Method of producing a fibrous layer, for an absorbent article
EP1694146A1 (de) 2003-11-25 2006-08-30 Hauni Maschinenbau Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zum aufbereiten von filtertowmaterial sowie vorrichtung zur herstellung von filtern

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH627056A5 (en(2012)) * 1977-12-15 1981-12-31 Baumgartner Papiers Sa
DE10227378B4 (de) * 2002-06-20 2008-07-17 International Tobacco Machinery B.V. Walzenpaar zum Spannen von Strängen aus Filtermaterial
CN105595418B (zh) * 2016-03-15 2022-03-25 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 一种用于kdf2成型机组的香料线加香成型系统

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2379824A (en) * 1943-03-06 1945-07-03 Du Pont Process and apparatus for treating artificial filaments
US2908045A (en) * 1955-10-20 1959-10-13 Eastman Kodak Co Method for removing false twist and longitudinal folds from continuous filament crimped tow
US3099594A (en) * 1960-05-05 1963-07-30 Eastman Kodak Co Method for blooming filter tow
US3296785A (en) * 1964-07-30 1967-01-10 Du Pont Production of interlaced plied yarn from slub yarn and carrier yarn by means of fluid jets

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA674101A (en) * 1961-11-13 1963-11-12 T. Dunlap Donald Tow opening

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2379824A (en) * 1943-03-06 1945-07-03 Du Pont Process and apparatus for treating artificial filaments
US2908045A (en) * 1955-10-20 1959-10-13 Eastman Kodak Co Method for removing false twist and longitudinal folds from continuous filament crimped tow
US3099594A (en) * 1960-05-05 1963-07-30 Eastman Kodak Co Method for blooming filter tow
US3296785A (en) * 1964-07-30 1967-01-10 Du Pont Production of interlaced plied yarn from slub yarn and carrier yarn by means of fluid jets

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3667090A (en) * 1968-03-27 1972-06-06 Stevens & Co Inc J P Apparatus for dephasing textured yarn
US5339502A (en) * 1990-11-29 1994-08-23 Peter Grossenbacher Method and apparatus for plug loosening after texturing
EP0937792A1 (en) * 1997-12-03 1999-08-25 SCA Hygiene Products AB Method of producing a fibrous layer, for an absorbent article
US6511566B1 (en) 1997-12-03 2003-01-28 Sca Hygiene Products Ab Method of producing a fibrous material layer
EP1694146A1 (de) 2003-11-25 2006-08-30 Hauni Maschinenbau Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zum aufbereiten von filtertowmaterial sowie vorrichtung zur herstellung von filtern
EP2213183A1 (de) 2003-11-25 2010-08-04 Hauni Maschinenbau AG Vorrichtung zum Aufbereiten von Filtertowmaterial sowie Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Filtern
EP2213184A1 (de) * 2003-11-25 2010-08-04 Hauni Maschinenbau AG Vorrichtung zum Aufbereiten von Filtertowmaterial sowie Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Filtern
EP2292107A1 (de) 2003-11-25 2011-03-09 Hauni Maschinenbau Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zum Aufbereiten von Filtertowmaterial sowie Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Filtern
EP2292107B1 (de) * 2003-11-25 2013-01-09 Hauni Maschinenbau Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zum Aufbereiten von Filtertowmaterial sowie Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Filtern

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE678875A (en(2012)) 1966-09-16
DE1532142B1 (de) 1971-05-19
NL6604361A (en(2012)) 1966-10-03
GB1132984A (en) 1968-11-06
ES325039A1 (es) 1967-02-16

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