US3426446A - Apparatus for cooling and condensing gases - Google Patents

Apparatus for cooling and condensing gases Download PDF

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Publication number
US3426446A
US3426446A US573970A US3426446DA US3426446A US 3426446 A US3426446 A US 3426446A US 573970 A US573970 A US 573970A US 3426446D A US3426446D A US 3426446DA US 3426446 A US3426446 A US 3426446A
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United States
Prior art keywords
conduit
condenser
machine
cleaning agent
air
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US573970A
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English (en)
Inventor
Lothar Lotzsch
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ETMA MAS FAB GMBH
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ETMA MAS FAB GmbH
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Publication date
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F43/00—Dry-cleaning apparatus or methods using volatile solvents
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F43/00—Dry-cleaning apparatus or methods using volatile solvents
    • D06F43/08—Associated apparatus for handling and recovering the solvents
    • D06F43/086—Recovering the solvent from the drying air current
    • D06F43/088—Condensing arrangements

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an apparatus for condensing gases, which are evolved in dry-cleaning or washing machines, which use a liquid cleaning agent containing monofiuorotrichloromethane (CFCl and/0r difluorodichloromethane (CF CI and/or l,2,2-trifiuorotrichloroethane
  • CF CI monofiuorotrichloromethane
  • CF CI difluorodichloromethane
  • l,2,2-trifiuorotrichloroethane solvents are used which include perchloroethylene, ethylene trichloride and substances covered by the generic term naphtha.
  • Solvents containing trifiuorotrichloroethane have also been used. Where such solvents are employed, an off-take pipe for the fumes is required so that considerable amounts of solvent are lost.
  • Special public regulations must be complied with when such plants are established in populated areas in order to avoid danger to the inhabitants of the area. The compliance with these public regulations adds substantially to the prime cost of the plant.
  • the fumes which are evolved are also obnoxious and to some extent unhealthy to the operators. Many of the above-mentioned disadvantages can be eliminated when monofluorotrichloromethane is employed, particularly when this solvent is recycled.
  • monofiuorotrichloromethane has a boiling point of +23.77 C. at 760 mm. mercury so that refrigerants having a much lower boiling point must be used for cooling and condensing this solvent.
  • the solvent could also be used with water but this would greatly prolong the batch time so that the process would become uneconomical.
  • a second closed cycle may be associated with the dry-cleaning machine and may contain difl-uorodichloromethane having a boiling point of 29.80 C. at 760 mm.
  • One of the objects of the invention is to provide an economically operating apparatus for condensing gases of the liquid cleaning agent, particularly monofluorotrichloromethane.
  • the condensation of the vapor in the condenser results in a reduction of the amount of vapor and of the pressure in the cleaning machine.
  • the cleaned material is free of solvent when the pressure has been reduced to the atmospheric pressure.
  • the air or the airgas-rnixture present in the air-circulating conduit can, after draining of the liquid cleaning agent, be forced by a blower through said air-circulating conduit and the working chamber of the cleaning machine, and a conduit for discharging liquid agent can extend from the interior of the condenser.
  • a heating element can be incorporated in the conduit, if desired. This measure enables an effective air supply to the contents of the machine after the draining of the cleaning machine. If the machine is heated, a particularly rapid formation of vapor will result and the vapor will flow directly into the condenser, where the vapor condenses.
  • conduit for discharging condensed cleaning agents from the condenser opens into a storage container for liquid cleaning agent.
  • a further embodiment of the invention comprises a check valve which is incorporated in the conduit leading from the working chamber of the machine into the interior of the condenser.
  • This check valve can preferably consist of a flap valve or the like which, according to a further feature of the invention, is automatically closed when the working chamber of the machine is opened.
  • the interior of the condenser is connected by a pressure-equalizing conduit to the suction side of the air-circulating conduit, a shut-off valve being preferably incorporated in the pressure-equalizing conduit.
  • a still or distilling unit can succeed the storage tank and a vapor conduit can lead from said still into the condenser, the latter in this case being used not only for condensing the gases coming from the working chamber but also the gases of the distilling circuit for cleaning the liquid cleaning agent.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic general view of the apparatus according to the invention and FIG. 2 a side elevation showing a portion of FIG. 1.
  • a cleaning or washing machine 2 comprises a housing 1.
  • a conduit 3 extends from the housing 1 through a condenser 4 and back into the housing 1 of the washing or cleaning machine 2.
  • An additional conduit 6 extends from the interior 5 of the washing or cleaning machine and communicates with the interior of the condenser 4. Air may be introduced into the conduit 3 and is forced by a blower 8 through the conduit 3 and the interior of the machine 2 when the liquid cleaning agent has been drained through a drain conduit 12 at the lowermost point of the machine 2 and has been supplied in the direction of the arrow P through a strainer 31 and a pump 32 to a storage tank 33. The strainer, pump and storage tank are connected in series.
  • a heating element 9 is incorporated in the condiut 3.
  • the heating element 9 may comprise an electric resistor or may be gas-fired.
  • Outlets 10, 11 for the distillate extend from the condenser 4 into a conduit 13, which leads to the solvent tank.
  • the conduit 6 which leads from the interior 5 of the machine 2 into the interior 7 of the condenser 4 may incorporate a flap 34 which acts as a check valve and is shut automatically as soon as the working chamber 5 of the machine 2 is opened. In this condition, the flap prevents a flow of uncondensed gas from the condenser 4 back into the interior 5 of the machine 2.
  • the condenser 4 is sealed by two covers 14, 15, through which the conduit 3 extends in sealed relation.
  • the condenser 4 constitutes thus a double-walled container, which has an annular space defined on one side by the shell of the condenser and on the other side by the conduit 3.
  • the annular space contains evaporator tubes 18, which may be supplied with a refrigerant consisting of difiuorodichloromethane (CF- Cl or difluorochloromethane (C'I-IF Cl).
  • the liquid cleaning agent which contains, e.g., monofiuorotrichloromethane
  • the liquid cleaning agent is supplied from a filter through a conduit 19 into the machine 2, which consists, e.g., of a drum-type machine.
  • the liquid cleaning agent is heated to a temperature of and above +23.77 C. by the friction at the drum shell and the material to be cleaned and by the constant circulation of the liquid cleaning agent through connecting conduits, the filter and a pump.
  • the monofiuorotrichloromethane boils under a pressure of about 1.083 kg./crn. This superatmospheric pressure, which reaches 4.171 kg./cm.
  • cleaning agent vapor such as monofluorotrichloromethane, which has been evolved in the still 35
  • a conduit 20 in which the vapor flows in the direction of arrow P
  • the still is fed from the storage tank, and serves to distill the soiled liquid cleaning agent, as desired.
  • the gas which is supplied to the condenser 4 through conduit 20 is condensed in condenser 4.
  • the distillate is withdrawn through the outlets 10, 11 and passed through conduit 13 to the tank. This is another closed cycle.
  • soiled liquid washing agent such as monofluorotrichloromethane
  • soiled monofiuorotrichloroethane may be distilled independently of the primary cleaning process. The cycle remains the same in this case.
  • the condenser 4 is provided with a connecting pipe 21 for a conduit 22, which is connected by a connecting pipe 23 to the air-circulating conduit 3, which extends through the condenser 4.
  • the conduit 22 is a manifold for an equalization of pressure. It connects all containers of the plant which contain monofiuorotrichloromethane and provides a means for the escape of air from the condenser 4, when the liquid cleaning agent is fill-ed into the working chamber 5. At this time a valve 36 is opened in the conduit 22.
  • the conduit 22 also prevents an undesired superatmospheric pressure in the spaces which contain monofluorotrichloromethane even when the supply of refrigerant to the cooling pipes 18 is discontinued.
  • the vapors are then positively circulated in the equalizing conduits.
  • the conduit 22 discharges into the suction side of the conduit 3, it further helps to create an under-pressure in the condenser 4 which is necessary for the drawing in of the air-gas-mixture into the condenser.
  • Apparatus for condensing gases which are evolved in dry-cleaning or Washing machines, which use a liquid cleaning agent containing monofluorotrichloromethane (CFCI and/or difiuorodichloromethane (CF Cl and/ or 1,2,2-trifluorotrichloroethane characterized by the provision of an air-circulating conduit which extends from the working chamber of the cleaning machine and gastightly through a condenser having cooling pipes therein and discharges back into the working chamber of the cleaning machine, and by the provision of an additional conduit, which extends from the working chamber of the cleaning machine and communicates with the interior of the condenser and a conduit for discharging condensed liquid cleaning agent from said condenser.
  • CFCI and/or difiuorodichloromethane CF Cl and/ or 1,2,2-trifluorotrichloroethane
  • Apparatus according to claim 1 characterized in that the air or the air-gas mixture can, after draining of the liquid cleaning agent, be forced by a blower through said air-circulating conduit and the working chamber of the cleaning machine, and the conduit for discharging liquid cleaning agent extends from the interior of the condenser.
  • Apparatus according to claim 1 characterized in that a heating element is incorporated in the air-circulating conduit.
  • Apparatus according to claim 1 characterized in that the conduit for discharging condensed cleaning agent from the condenser opens into a storage container for liquid cleaning agent.
  • Apparatus according to claim 1 characterized by a check valve, which is incorporated in the conduit leading from the working chamber of the machine into the interior of the condenser.
  • check valve consists of a flap valve or the like.
  • valve is automatically closed when the working chamber of the machine is opened.
  • Apparatus according to claim 8 characterized in that a shut-off valve is incorporated in the pressureequalizin-g conduit.
  • Apparatus accordin to claim 1 characterized in that a still succeeds the storage tank and a vapor conduit leads from said still into the condenser.
  • Apparatus according to claim 1 characterized in that the cooling pipes of the condenser have passing therethrough a refrigerant having a boiling point below 0 C

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
US573970A 1965-08-23 1966-08-22 Apparatus for cooling and condensing gases Expired - Lifetime US3426446A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEL0051456 1965-08-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3426446A true US3426446A (en) 1969-02-11

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US573970A Expired - Lifetime US3426446A (en) 1965-08-23 1966-08-22 Apparatus for cooling and condensing gases

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US3426446A (cs)
BE (1) BE685859A (cs)
CH (1) CH481252A (cs)
ES (1) ES330480A1 (cs)
GB (1) GB1159121A (cs)
NL (1) NL6611846A (cs)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3543540A (en) * 1965-12-03 1970-12-01 Hans Guntner Drycleaning machine with solvent recovery means
US3617208A (en) * 1968-11-25 1971-11-02 Daniel Stephen Delany Methods and apparatus for cleaning textiles
US3807948A (en) * 1971-03-25 1974-04-30 Neil & Spencer Ltd Dry cleaning
US4012847A (en) * 1975-11-24 1977-03-22 Autosonics Inc. Solvent recovery system
US5492138A (en) * 1992-11-13 1996-02-20 Taricco; Todd Pressure controlled cleaning system
US20050044899A1 (en) * 2002-02-08 2005-03-03 Bsh Bosch Und Siemens Hausgerate Gmbh Drum-type washing machine having a laundry drum which can be loaded from the front
US20070095110A1 (en) * 2005-10-31 2007-05-03 General Electric Company Dry cleaning solvent filter

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5021237A (en) * 1989-11-27 1991-06-04 The Clorox Company Gel insecticidal compositions

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2011083A (en) * 1931-03-11 1935-08-13 American Laundry Mach Co Apparatus for cleaning fabrics
US2019011A (en) * 1934-04-16 1935-10-29 American Laundry Mach Co Dry cleaning apparatus
US2064084A (en) * 1931-04-22 1936-12-15 American Laundry Mach Co Apparatus for cleaning fabric
US3002287A (en) * 1960-02-18 1961-10-03 Detrex Chem Ind Control means for solvent recovery machine
US3163028A (en) * 1962-01-26 1964-12-29 Whirlpool Co Automatic dry cleaning machine and combined fluid filter and vapor condenser

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2011083A (en) * 1931-03-11 1935-08-13 American Laundry Mach Co Apparatus for cleaning fabrics
US2064084A (en) * 1931-04-22 1936-12-15 American Laundry Mach Co Apparatus for cleaning fabric
US2019011A (en) * 1934-04-16 1935-10-29 American Laundry Mach Co Dry cleaning apparatus
US3002287A (en) * 1960-02-18 1961-10-03 Detrex Chem Ind Control means for solvent recovery machine
US3163028A (en) * 1962-01-26 1964-12-29 Whirlpool Co Automatic dry cleaning machine and combined fluid filter and vapor condenser

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3543540A (en) * 1965-12-03 1970-12-01 Hans Guntner Drycleaning machine with solvent recovery means
US3617208A (en) * 1968-11-25 1971-11-02 Daniel Stephen Delany Methods and apparatus for cleaning textiles
US3807948A (en) * 1971-03-25 1974-04-30 Neil & Spencer Ltd Dry cleaning
US4012847A (en) * 1975-11-24 1977-03-22 Autosonics Inc. Solvent recovery system
US5492138A (en) * 1992-11-13 1996-02-20 Taricco; Todd Pressure controlled cleaning system
US20050044899A1 (en) * 2002-02-08 2005-03-03 Bsh Bosch Und Siemens Hausgerate Gmbh Drum-type washing machine having a laundry drum which can be loaded from the front
US7082793B2 (en) * 2002-02-08 2006-08-01 Bsh Bosch Und Siemens Hausgeraete Gmbh Drum-type washing machine having a laundry drum which can be loaded from the front
US20070095110A1 (en) * 2005-10-31 2007-05-03 General Electric Company Dry cleaning solvent filter
US7681419B2 (en) * 2005-10-31 2010-03-23 General Electric Company Dry cleaning solvent filter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE685859A (cs) 1967-02-01
GB1159121A (en) 1969-07-23
CH481252A (de) 1969-11-15
NL6611846A (cs) 1967-02-24
ES330480A1 (es) 1967-06-16

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