US3425323A - Pistons for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Pistons for internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3425323A
US3425323A US562262A US3425323DA US3425323A US 3425323 A US3425323 A US 3425323A US 562262 A US562262 A US 562262A US 3425323D A US3425323D A US 3425323DA US 3425323 A US3425323 A US 3425323A
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United States
Prior art keywords
piston
oil
crown
gallery
bridging member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US562262A
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English (en)
Inventor
Harold Taylor Hill
Douglas Alexander Law
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Wellworthy Ltd
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Wellworthy Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of US3425323A publication Critical patent/US3425323A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/16—Pistons  having cooling means
    • F02F3/20—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
    • F02F3/22—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/02—Light metals
    • F05C2201/021—Aluminium

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to pistons for internal combustion engines, and in particular to oil cooled pistons in which oil is fed to the piston crown via the small end of the piston connecting rod.
  • an oil cooled piston for an internal combustion engine wherein a separate transverse elongated bridging member spans the underside of the piston crown, and is secured at or adjacent its opposite ends to the piston ad acent the side wall thereof, the bridging member carrying a pick-up element arranged to resiliently and slidingly engage the small end of a connecting rod when assembled to the piston, and being provided therein with a transverse gallery communicating with the pick-up element and with an oil gallery formed within the piston crown.
  • FIGURE 1 is a vertical section through a piston according to one embodiment of the invention, taken in the plane of the axis of the gudgeon pin bosses;
  • FIGURE 2 is a vertical section of the piston shown in FIGURE 1, taken in a plane normal to the axis of the gudgeon pin bosses;
  • FIGURE 3 is a transverse section on an enlarged scale of the bridging member taken on the line AA of FIG- URE 2;
  • FIGURE 4 is a fragmentary view on an enlarged scale of the bridging member taken in the direction of the arrow B in FIGURE 2;
  • FIGURE 5 is a plan view of the crown of the piston shown in FIGURES 1 and 2, with the spiral oil gallery indicated in phantom lines.
  • the piston is made as a onepiece casting, for example, from a non-ferrous metal such as an aluminium or magnesium alloy, or from a ferrous metal such as a steel, a malleable or cast iron, or spheroidal graphite iron.
  • the piston comprises a crown 1, and a side wall including a ring carrier zone 2, a downwardly depending skirt 3, and integral gudgeon pin bosses 4.
  • a top piston ring groove carrier insert may be cast into the zone 2 as shown, which, in the case of a non-ferrous piston casting, may be made of cast iron.
  • Between the crown 1 and side wall are cast a pair of integral shoulders 5 disposed on opposite sides of the axis of the gudgeon pin bosses 4 as shown in FIGURE 2.
  • a pair of blind tapped bores 6 are formed in each shoulder 5, and opening into the two shoulders between the pairs of bores 6 are ports 7 and 8 formed by the opposite ends of an oil gallery 9 which is cast into the crown 1 in the form of a continuous spiral cavity (FIGURE 5).
  • the radial inner end of this spiral gallery 9 may be connected to the port 7, which comprises the oil inlet port, whilst the outer end of the gallery 9 may be connected to the port 8 which comprises the oil outlet port.
  • An elongated transverse bridging member 10 for example a cast alloy beam of U-shape as shown in FIG- URE 3, is secured across the shoulders 5 by means of bolts 11 threaded into the bores 6.
  • the bridging member 10, at one end, is formed with a vertical passage 12 aligned and communicating with the port 7 and with an internal transversely extending gallery 13, which, in turn, communicates at its inner end with a vertical cylindrical cavity 14 in the central region of the bridging member 10.
  • an oil pick-up element or slipper 15 formed, for example, from steel, bronze, or a light alloy, which is normally urged by means of a spring 16 into engagement with bearing surface 17 formed on the upper surface of the small end of a piston connecting rod (not shown).
  • the pick-up element 15 is provided with a vertical gallery 18 which communicates with the transverse gallery 13 via a cross bore 19.
  • the opposite end of the bridging member 10 is formed with an open ended passage or vent 20 aligned with the outlet port 8.
  • engine oil under pressure is fed up through internal passages in the connecting rod to lubricate the small end thereof, and some of this oil passes up through an opening in the bearing surface 17, through the pick-up element 15 which makes a sliding seal with the bearing surface, transversely through the bridging member 10, through and around the spiral gallery 9, and then back into the engine through the vent 20.
  • the oil acts as a coolant by absorbing heat from the piston crown and also from the back of the upper piston ring groove.
  • the pick-up element 15 By mounting the pick-up element 15 in a bridging member 10 which is simply bolted into the piston and which incorporates some of the oil ways of the cooling system, the manufacture of the oil-cooled piston, and also of the gudgeon pin used with the piston, is considerably simplified. Moreover, the pick-up element 15 may be used to convey oil directly into a cavity under the piston crown for cooling purposes, instead of, or in addition to, conveying oil through the transverse gallery 13. In the former case, the transverse gallery 13 may be blanked off or omitted, and the pick-up element 15 would have an axial opening in its upper end.
  • the bridging member 10 When providing this alternative or additional manner of cooling the underside of the piston crown, the bridging member 10 may be widened so as to form a floor to the cavity under the piston crown. Cooling oil fed through the pick-up element 15 will then be able to splash or shake up and down between this floor and the underside of the crown, in the well known manner of a cocktail shaker, so providing the maximum cooling effect before the oil escapes from the piston.
  • the bridging member may extend generally parallel to the axis of the gudgeon pin bosses instead of transverse thereto.
  • the gallery may alternatively be circular or of any other desired configuration, and more than one gallery may be provided.
  • the or each gallery may be cast into the crown using a soluble core technique, may be produced by casting a pipe or pipes into the crown, or may be produced in any other suitable way.
  • the or each gallery may be disposed solely in the region of the piston ring groove carrier zone, or in the region of the crown, or both, or may be omitted, the oil being fed into a cavity between the under surface of the crown and the bridging member.
  • An oil cooled piston for an internal combustion engine including a piston crown, a side wall depending from and integral with said piston crown, and gudgeon pin bosses integral with said side wall, an oil gallery comprising a continuous elongated tubular cavity within the crown, said gallery having an inlet port and an outlet port, a unitary detachable transverse elongated bridging member within the piston which spans and is spaced from the underside of the piston crown, and is secured by its opposite ends to internal mounting faces on the piston spaced apart on opposite sides of the piston axis and disposed adjacent the side wall, said bridging member engaging the piston only at said mounting faces, the bridging member carrying, intermediate its opposite ends, a depending pick-up element which is movable relative to the bridging member toward or away from the piston crown, means adapted normally to resiliently bias the pick-up element in a downward direction away from the piston crown, the pick-up element being provided therein with a downwardly opening oil gallery, communicating with an inlet end of a transverse oil gallery
  • said bridging member comprises an alloy casting in the form of a generally U section beam, extending generally normally to the gndgeon piston axis, having first and second upwardly directed faces disposed respectively at opposite ends of said beam, the outlet port of the transverse oil gallery within the beam Opening into said first face, and an inlet port, which terminates the upper end of a downwardly extending open-ended vent in the beam, opening into said second face, said first and second upwardly directed faces mating respectively with first and second downwardly facing shoulders intergral with the side wall on opposite sides of the crown and constituting said mounting faces, the beam being secured within the piston solely at the mating faces by bolts located in the region of said mating faces, the oil gallery within the crown comprising a continuous spiral oil gallery, the inlet port of which opens into said first shoulder in alignment with the inlet port of the transverse gallery in the beam, and the outlet port of which opens into said second shoulder in alignment with the inlet port of said vent.
  • a piston according to claim 2 wherein the beam is provided with a vertical cylindrical cavity in its central region communicating with the transverse gallery, within which cavity of the oil pick-up element is telescopically slidably mounted, and wherein said biasing means comprises a spring located within the cavity.
  • An oil cooled alloy piston for an internal combustion engine including a piston crown, a continuous elongated tubular oil gallery contained wholly within the crown, and having an inlet port at one end and an outlet port at its opposite end, a side wall depending from and integral with said crown, a pair of transversely spaced gudgeon pin bosses integral with said side wall and aligned with respect to a common transverse axis, first and second downwardly facing shoulders integral with and adjacent the side walls, spaced apart on opposite sides of the transverse axis of the gudgeon pin bosses, and disposed between the periphery of the underside of the crown and the gudgeon pin bosses, said inlet port opening into said first shoulder and said outlet port opening into said second shoulder, a separate transverse elongated bridging member disposed within the piston, located wholly externally of said continuous elongated tubular oil gallery, extending between said shoulders, spanning and spaced from the underside of the crown, said bridging member having, respectively, first

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
US562262A 1965-07-09 1966-07-01 Pistons for internal combustion engines Expired - Lifetime US3425323A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB29279/65A GB1120206A (en) 1965-07-09 1965-07-09 Improvements in or relating to pistons for internal combustion engines

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3425323A true US3425323A (en) 1969-02-04

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ID=10289024

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US562262A Expired - Lifetime US3425323A (en) 1965-07-09 1966-07-01 Pistons for internal combustion engines

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US3425323A (de)
DE (1) DE1476441A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1120206A (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1612395A1 (de) * 2003-03-31 2006-01-04 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Kolben für einen verbrennungsmotor
US20060037471A1 (en) * 2004-07-21 2006-02-23 Xiluo Zhu One piece cast steel monobloc piston
US20080078339A1 (en) * 2004-11-24 2008-04-03 Karl-Heinz Obermeier Piston For An Internal Combustion Engine And Combination A Piston Provided With An Oil Injection Device
US20080250922A1 (en) * 2007-04-10 2008-10-16 James Russell Hayes Piston with pin bore lubrication features
US20080295683A1 (en) * 2007-05-30 2008-12-04 Mahle Gmbh Focal oiling for a piston assembly
US20130000482A1 (en) * 2010-10-22 2013-01-03 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Sand Casting An Aluminum Diesel Piston With An As-Cast, Reentrant Combustion Bowl For Light Or Medium Duty Diesel Engines

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012208090B4 (de) * 2012-05-15 2022-03-24 Man Energy Solutions Se Kolben einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE102016224737A1 (de) 2016-12-12 2018-06-14 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Hubkolben für eine Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine sowie Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1547687A (en) * 1922-07-07 1925-07-28 Fried Krupp Germaniawerft Ag Cooled composite piston for internal-combustion engines
US1669290A (en) * 1927-03-04 1928-05-08 Worthington Pump & Mach Corp Piston
US2442438A (en) * 1944-06-07 1948-06-01 Specialloid Ltd Cooling rod and piston
GB702002A (en) * 1951-06-27 1954-01-06 Crossley Brothers Ltd Improvements relating to the pistons of internal combustion engines
GB737714A (en) * 1953-05-16 1955-09-28 British Leyland Motor Corp Cooling of internal combustion engine pistons
US2815011A (en) * 1955-08-22 1957-12-03 Ricardo & Co Engineers Pistons for internal combustion engines
AT202289B (de) * 1957-08-13 1959-02-25 Verbrennungsmotoren Prof Dr Ha Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gußkolben und danach hergestellter zweiteiliger Kolben

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1547687A (en) * 1922-07-07 1925-07-28 Fried Krupp Germaniawerft Ag Cooled composite piston for internal-combustion engines
US1669290A (en) * 1927-03-04 1928-05-08 Worthington Pump & Mach Corp Piston
US2442438A (en) * 1944-06-07 1948-06-01 Specialloid Ltd Cooling rod and piston
GB702002A (en) * 1951-06-27 1954-01-06 Crossley Brothers Ltd Improvements relating to the pistons of internal combustion engines
GB737714A (en) * 1953-05-16 1955-09-28 British Leyland Motor Corp Cooling of internal combustion engine pistons
US2815011A (en) * 1955-08-22 1957-12-03 Ricardo & Co Engineers Pistons for internal combustion engines
AT202289B (de) * 1957-08-13 1959-02-25 Verbrennungsmotoren Prof Dr Ha Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gußkolben und danach hergestellter zweiteiliger Kolben

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1612395A1 (de) * 2003-03-31 2006-01-04 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Kolben für einen verbrennungsmotor
EP1612395A4 (de) * 2003-03-31 2010-08-04 Hitachi Metals Ltd Kolben für einen verbrennungsmotor
US20060037471A1 (en) * 2004-07-21 2006-02-23 Xiluo Zhu One piece cast steel monobloc piston
US7406941B2 (en) 2004-07-21 2008-08-05 Federal - Mogul World Wide, Inc. One piece cast steel monobloc piston
US20080078339A1 (en) * 2004-11-24 2008-04-03 Karl-Heinz Obermeier Piston For An Internal Combustion Engine And Combination A Piston Provided With An Oil Injection Device
US7735462B2 (en) * 2004-11-24 2010-06-15 Federal-Mogul Nurnberg Gmbh Piston for an internal combustion engine and combination a piston provided with an oil injection device
US20080250922A1 (en) * 2007-04-10 2008-10-16 James Russell Hayes Piston with pin bore lubrication features
US7845269B2 (en) * 2007-04-10 2010-12-07 Federal-Mogul Worldwide, Inc. Piston with pin bore lubrication features
US20080295683A1 (en) * 2007-05-30 2008-12-04 Mahle Gmbh Focal oiling for a piston assembly
US20130000482A1 (en) * 2010-10-22 2013-01-03 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Sand Casting An Aluminum Diesel Piston With An As-Cast, Reentrant Combustion Bowl For Light Or Medium Duty Diesel Engines

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1120206A (en) 1968-07-17
DE1476441A1 (de) 1970-02-05

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