Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
  • C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
  • C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
  • C23G1/10—Other heavy metals
  • C23G1/103—Other heavy metals copper or alloys of copper
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L17/00—Apparatus or implements used in manual washing or cleaning of crockery, table-ware, cooking-ware or the like
  • A47L17/04—Pan or pot cleaning utensils
  • A47L17/08—Pads; Balls of steel wool, wire, or plastic meshes
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L21/00—Polishing of table-ware, e.g. knives, forks, spoons
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/04—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties combined with or containing other objects
  • C11D17/049—Cleaning or scouring pads; Wipes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
  • C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds
  • C11D7/04—Water-soluble compounds
  • C11D7/10—Salts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
  • C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds
  • C11D7/20—Water-insoluble oxides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
  • C11D7/22—Organic compounds
  • C11D7/26—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D7/265—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
  • Y10T442/2164—Coating or impregnation specified as water repellent

Definitions

• ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A disposable metal cleaning cloth in the form of an absorbent paper, cloth or plastic impregnated with an acid-type metal cleaning formula containing as the active cleaning ingredients 1 to 3 parts by weight tartaric acid for each part by weight of alkali metal chloride.
• This invention relates to metal cleaning cloths and, more particularly, to a disposable paper cleaner which is coated or impregnated with an acid type cleaning formula for polishing metals, such as copper.
• the formulas have been hygroscopic, diflicult to dry, have deteriorated upon storage and the texture of the final dried paper has presented problems in regard to handle and feel. Where a strong cleaning formula is used it has usually degrated or burned the paper to a point which its wet strength is destroyed.
• effective metal cleaners usually are liquid and have a bad odor. Therefore, these cleaners are difficult to adhere to a paper backing and the unpleasant odor is very diflicult to mask.
• a disposable, acid-type metal cleaner may be provided by impregnating a flexible, absorbent, wet strength carrier member with tartaric acid and an alkali metal salt of an inorganic acid.
• the tartaric acid in combination with the alkali metal salt of an inorganic acid provides an unexpectedly strong cleaning action when moistened and applied to a metal surface while at the same time not degrading or giving an undesirable odor to the paper. It is theorized that the tartaric acid in the presence of water reacts with the inorganic salt to release a small amount of inorganic acid. Thus, while the tartaric acid and the inorganic alkali metal salt have a small effect on cleaning metal when used alone, it is found that when the two are combined, an unexpected cleaning etfect is achieved which is above the additive.
• the tartaric acid used in the formula is highly water soluble and allows freedom in formulating the remaining cleaner ingredients at any percentage desired. This acid also gives the necessary pH to provide efiective cleaning power when the metal cleaner is moistened and applied to an alkaline oxide tarnished metal.
• alkali metal salts of inorganic acids which can be used in the metal cleaner formula of this invention are the water-soluble sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium salts of the chlorides, sulfates, nitrates or fluorides.
• alkali metal salts is meant not only the typical sodium and potassium salts but also the so-called alkaline earth metal salts of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium.
• Preferred salts are sodium chloride and potassium chloride.
• the abrasive ingredient should be free of coarse, hard grit particles. Finely divided silica (having a size of under 200 mesh US. Standard Sieve) is suitable for this purpose. Typically, the silica will have a screen analysis wherein only 1% or less is retained on a 325 mesh screen. Other abrasives such as jewelers rouge (iron oxide), whiting, talc, magnesium oxide, and other suitable metal oxides could be used. Basically, the cleaning action desired is chemical and the mild abrasive is only present for achieving a high lustre or polish. Abrasive action should be kept at a minimum.
• the alkali metal salt of an inorganic acid since this not only serves to give body to the coating but also enhances the cleaning power of the tartaric acid by releasing a small amount of free acid.
• other fillers could be used.
• a fatty acid such as oleic acid.
• the oleic acid forms a thin water-repellent film on the metal being cleaned, thus providing good run-off (no water-spotting). Since the oleic acid by itself tends to run-off the paper backing during application of the cleaner to the paper it is preferred to combine the oleic with other fatty acids which help to achieve proper adherence of the oleic acid to the paper.
• These acids are known in the art and include fatty acids having a titre (congeal point) in the range of to F., e.g. palmitoleic acid, linoleic acid.
• Neo-fat 65 contains a mixture of distilled animal fats, i.e., palmitic, stearic and oleic acids with small amounts of myristic, myristoleic, palmitoleic, linoleic and linolenic acids also being present.
• Various silicone compounds could also be used together with the oleic acid. The end result of these film-forming ingredients is to improve the handle and feel of the impregnated paper.
• the wetting agent used in the formula is usually a nonionic detergent (compounds produced by condensation of ethylene oxide groups which are hydrophilic in nature with aliphatic or aklyl aromatic groups which are hydrophobic in nature) which provides good contact between the cleaning formula and the metal when the dried formula is moistened. Any detergent stable to acid could be used.
• a particularly effective Wetting agent has been found in a class of nonionics sold under the tradename of Pluronic.
• Pluronics are formed by condensing ethylene oxide with a hydrophobic base formed by the condensasion of propylene oxide with propylene gycol.
• the hydrophobic portion of the molecule exhibits water insolubility. Its molecular weight is of the order of 1500 to 1800.
• the addition of polyoxyethylene radicals to this hydrophobic portion increase the water solubility of the molecule as a whole. Thus, liquid products are obtained up to the point where polyoxyethylene content is about 50% of the total weight of the condensation product.
• the flexible backing member used in this invention may be any type wet strength paper, cloth, or plastic sufiiciently porous and absorbent to retain the cleaner solution during drying. Paper such as Kraft paper, bleached or unbleached, is preferable due to its low cost. Plastic laminated paper, the plastic forming the bottom or intermediate layer, may also be used if added strength is desired in the paper carrier. It can be seen that one or two work surfaces can be used depending on the type of plastic lamination.
• a metal cleaning formula which can ge applied to unbleached kraft paper is as follows:
• the flexible backing sheet of paper or colth is passed through a solution or bath of the above ingredients.
• the solution is previously heated to between 75 to 100 F. and agitated to provide good impregnation.
• the sheet after being impregnated by being passed through a bath of this solution, is then passed between a pair of soft rollers which removes excess cleaner and is dried by passage through a hot air dryer.
• the tension on the roller determines the amount of cleaner applied to the paper or cloth backing when the viscosity is kept between 3000 and 5000 centipoises. If the viscosity is too high, an incorrect amount of cleaner will be applied. Drying time in air is dependent on temperature, air velocity, amount of cleaner coated, the moisture of the coating and the humidity of the air.
• This product can be dried to about 3 7% moisture in a high velocity drier at 300 to 350 F. in a very short time (-60 seconds). At an air temperature of 320 F. about -25 seconds residence time is required to dry the impregnated cleaner. After the paper or cloth is treated and dried, it is cut into sheets 'of convenient size and a number of sheets are enclosed in roll form in a suitable package. A good seal should be provided to prevent excessive drying of the cleaner. This leads to brittlenes or crumbling of the product. Use of a humectant, such as glycerin or polyethylene glycol, in the cleaner formula also helps to prevent over-drying while the cleaner is stored.
• a humectant such as glycerin or polyethylene glycol
• the dried formula is stable upon storage for several months under all normal moisture conditions encountered commercially, and has its cleaning power released by merely moistening the paper or cloth.
• a sheet of the cleaner may be simply removed from the wrapper, moistened, and then rubbed several times over the tarnished metal surface. This will renew the original finish on the metal surface.
• the above formula was prepared by dissolving the tartaric acid and the sodium chloride in 600 cc. of warm water (90 to 100 F.).
• the oleic acid, mixture of fatty acids and Pluronic detergent were heated at 180 to 210 F. in a seprote container until melted.
• the water solution was then added to the hot melt until a smooth emulsion was obtained.
• the silica patricles were blended into the solution until a smooth suspension of all the particles occurred.
• the completed formula was placed in a receptacle and heated to 125 F. with agitation.
• Bleached White kraft paper was then passed through the cleaner solution in strip or web form.
• the paper absorbed the solution and excess cleaner carried on the surface was removed by passing the paper through a set of rollers.
• the impregnated paper was then air-dried at a temperature of 75 F. and a relative humidity of under 50% over a period of about 15 hours. Moisture content of the paper was reduced to about 5%.
• the weight of formula deposited on the kraft paper was about 12.8 grams per square foot and this formula was uniformly distributed through the paper medium due to the process employed.
• the final dried paper was non-hygroscopic on storage, had no undesirable odor, had a cosmetic or soft feel when handled, and provided stron cleaning power when moistened and rubbed against a tarnished copper surface.
• Example 2 The procedure of the above example was repeated with the exception that the drying time was shortened to about 30 seconds. This was accomplished by passing the impregnated paper through a drying tunnel 20 feet long. Temperature of the air in the tunnel was 320 F. and the wet paper travelled at a speed of 60 feet per minute. The paper was removed from the tunnel at 5% moisture and was similar in all respects to the product of Example 1.
• a metal cleaner of the acid type consisting essentially of a wet-strength paper, cloth or plastic backing impregnated with tartaric acid and an alkali metal salt of an inorganic acid, said acid and said salt being present in the weight ratio of between 1:1 and 3:1 and being at least partially absorbed by said fibers.
• nonionic wetting agent is a condensation product of propylene oxide and propylene glycol having a molecular weight of 1500-1800.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)

Priority Applications (6)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

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ID=23924302

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (4)

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Citations (5)

• 1965
  • 1965-09-01 US US48447565 patent/US3419902A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1966
  • 1966-07-14 GB GB3176066A patent/GB1148101A/en not_active Expired
  • 1966-08-06 ES ES0329940A patent/ES329940A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1966-08-18 NL NL6611618A patent/NL6611618A/xx unknown
  • 1966-08-19 BE BE685762D patent/BE685762A/xx unknown

Patent Citations (5)

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