US3419310A - Pressure-retentive receptacle, especially for bulk-carrying vehicles - Google Patents

Pressure-retentive receptacle, especially for bulk-carrying vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
US3419310A
US3419310A US632248A US63224867A US3419310A US 3419310 A US3419310 A US 3419310A US 632248 A US632248 A US 632248A US 63224867 A US63224867 A US 63224867A US 3419310 A US3419310 A US 3419310A
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United States
Prior art keywords
quarter
members
pressure
receptacle
bulk
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Expired - Lifetime
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US632248A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gramlich Fritz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LUDWIG SPITZER SEN FAHRZEUGWERK KG Firma
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LUDWIG SPITZER SEN FAHRZEUGWERK KG Firma
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
    • B60P3/00—Vehicles adapted to transport, to carry or to comprise special loads or objects
    • B60P3/22—Tank vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
    • B60P1/00—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading
    • B60P1/60—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading using fluids, e.g. having direct contact between fluid and load
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
    • B60P3/00—Vehicles adapted to transport, to carry or to comprise special loads or objects
    • B60P3/22—Tank vehicles
    • B60P3/2205—Constructional features
    • B60P3/221—Assembling, e.g. layout of steel plates or reinforcing arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
    • B60P3/00—Vehicles adapted to transport, to carry or to comprise special loads or objects
    • B60P3/22—Tank vehicles
    • B60P3/224—Tank vehicles comprising auxiliary devices, e.g. for unloading or level indicating

Definitions

  • m mroy Frifz Gram Iich BY wAgf Attozqey nited States ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Pressure-retentive receptacle (e.g. for bulk-carrying vehicles) having a right-circular central cylinder and a pair of quarter-spherical end members welded to and smoothly merging with the central member, the quarterspherical end members being obliquely cut away and having a lower edge inclined obliquely outwardly from the center of curvature of this quarter sphere and the intersection of the horizontal median longitudinal plane of the receptacle with the surface of the quarter sphere; a bow-shaped member is welded to this lower edge of the respective quarter-spherical shell member and to the corresponding downwardly converging conical outlet duct, and has a greater curvature in the vertical plane than that of the quarter-spherical shell member.
  • the quarter-spherical shell member has a radius of curvature identical with that of the central member; the bow-shaped member extends approximately rectilinearly in continuation of the respective outlet duct to the respective lower edge of the quarter-spherical shell and merges smoothly therewith.
  • My present invention relates to pressure-retentive receptacles for the transportation of flowable materials and more particularly to an improved receptacle structure for storage uses and also suitable for use in bulk-carrying vehicles such as tank trucks and railroad cars.
  • the assembly of the system must be pressure-tight and free from highly stressed or weakened portions, sharp corners, irregular junctions or the like, all of which limit the structural integrity of the system.
  • the principal object of the present invention to provide an improved receptacle construction, particularly suited for the transportation of bulk materials in flowable form, wherein the aforedescribed disadvantages are avoided and the system can be assembled with less difliculty and with greater structural integrity than has been possible heretofore.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide a bulkcarrying vehicle for the transportation of flowable solid materials which is free from unduly stressed portions, can be emptied rapidly and efliciently and has a high capacityto-weight and capacity-to-volume ratio.
  • a bulk-transport vessel which comprises a substantially right-circular cylindrical central member having a generally horizontal axis and formed at the bottom with a plurality of downwardly tapering generally conical outlet ducts, and a pair of quarter-spherical end members or domes closing the ends of the central member and merging smoothly into the outlet ducts.
  • This disposition of the end members in continuation of the wall of the outlet ducts is desirable because the transition established between the outlet duct and the domed end member is favorable in withstanding pressure.
  • the opening angle of the outlet duct must not exceed a predetermined and ascertaina-ble magnitude because otherwise the fiowable material may not pass properly through the ducts. Since, for the same reasons, the pressure contamer cannot project beyond the inner aperture of the conical outlet ducts, it is advantageous, for optimum utilization of the container capacity and the smallest possible number of outlets to extend the wall of the conical outlet duct to the uppermost parts of the container.
  • the wall of the outlet duct which has a small inclination under optimum conditions, be extended upwardly to the greatest extent in order that the upper end portions of the container project as far as possible. If, however, this wall is brought to the very top of the pressure container, an edge or junction with a very small radius of curvature is produced; this transitron requires special reinforcement because it cannot bear as much pressure loading as surfaces with a larger radius of curvature.
  • each member consists of a quarter-spherical shell member which has the same radius as the cylindrical central member and is cut away, biased or bevelled obliquely outwardly and upwardly only over a part of the quartersphere mirror symmetrically with respect to the vertical longitudinal plane through the center of the cantral member, i.e. the vertical median longitudinal plane of the vessel.
  • quarter-spherical shell members and the like, but this phrase must not be understood in a strictly mathematical sense.
  • the phrase quarter circular shell members is intended to include also shapes which are derived from a strictly mathematical quarter-spherical shape by expansion, compression and 'bending operations of a minor nature so as to have no noticeable elfect with respect to the pressure distribution or pressure-sustaining capability of the vessel.
  • Such a quarter-spherical shell member has, according to the invention, the same or substantially the same radius of curvature as the right circular cylindrical central member with horizontal axis, and if the wall thickness and the assembly are the same, it can therefore be pressurized to the same extent as the central member.
  • Such a quarterspherical shell member can also be produced very easily by mass production methods from a semi-spherical member by division along the intersection with the hemispherical shell with the diametral plane of the latter, the center line and by subsequently cutting or bevelling the resulting shell members obliquely.
  • the lowermost edge region of the quarter-sphere merges smoothly by way of an intervening curved bow-shaped member into the wall of the outlet duct having any desired optimum angle of inclination.
  • a further feature of the invention resides in the provision of a bow member which extends, mirror-symmetrically with respect to the perpendicular longitudinal median plane, from the region of the oblique cut-away or bevel (lower edge of the quarter-spherical shell) and the region lying therebelow in the continuation thereof to the wall of the respective outlet duct and is so welded to the adjacent wall portions that smooth, substantially continuous transitions are produced, the bow member being curved more strongly in the vertical longitudinal median plane in the region of the oblique cut-away than the quarter-spherical shell member, and extending therebelow in a straight line in the direction towards the outlet duct and in the continuation thereof.
  • curved right-angled triangular members which are welded, one on each side of each end member, along one short side or leg of the triangle to the lower edge of the quarter-spherical shell member, along the other short side or leg to the edge of the central member, and along the hypotemuse to the respective edges of the bow member and the wall of the outlet duct forming a substantially continuous smooth transition therewith. Since in this case relatively small triangular members are concerned, the production of these triangular members does not create any problems.
  • the conical walls of the outlet ducts inclined at the most favorable opening angle are continued, at both container ends, above the horizontal median plane so that the upper portions of the curved end members project away from both ends far beyond the outlet apertures at the lower end of the outlet ducts in a manner desirable for a large capacity and a pre-selected number of outlet ducts.
  • the pressure containers may be used as stationary receptacles or as transport vessels.
  • supports are provided in such manner that there is sufficient space between the outlet ducts and a supporting surface for accommodating connecting means.
  • a support is attached to each end member and projects beyond and downwardly from the associated container end.
  • the supports may he stands by means of which the pressure container can be supported or mounted on the ground or on a vehicle platform or on a vehicle chassis. If the pressure container is used in conjunction with a tractor, the one support may be used for receiving the tractor coupling whereas the other support may be adapted for attachment to the trailer constituting the rear axle unit.
  • FIG. 1 is a side-elevational view of a pressure container according to the invention, constructed as a semi-trailer;
  • FIG. 2 is the view in the direction of arrow II in FIG. 1, the rear-axle unit or truck being omitted.
  • the semi-trailer of the drawing is provided with a rigid-circular cylindrical central member 1 to which are attached at the bottom, one behind the other, two conically downwardly tapering outlet ducts, 2, 3 which have outlet apertures 4, 5 and to which closable outlet members 6, 7 are joined for connecting pneumatic discharge pipes to the receptacle.
  • a rigid-circular cylindrical central member 1 to which are attached at the bottom, one behind the other, two conically downwardly tapering outlet ducts, 2, 3 which have outlet apertures 4, 5 and to which closable outlet members 6, 7 are joined for connecting pneumatic discharge pipes to the receptacle.
  • a quarter-spherical shell member 12, 13 which is cut away obliquely at the bottom along a line 12', 13', extending upwardly and outwardly and lying in the respective intersection plane LOP and ROP between the center of curvature 12", 13" and the intersection 12a, 13a of the horizontal plane with the quarterspherical surfaces; this cut or bevel does not extend over the whole length of the radius r of the quarter-spherical shell member.
  • the radius of curvature r of the two quarter-spherical shell members 12, 13 is the same as the radius of the central member 1.
  • Reference numerals 14- and 15 denote two bow-shaped members which are welded to the quarter-spherical shell members 12, 13 symmetrically with respect to the vertical longitudinal median plane VMP, so that at each end a pressure-retentive curved end member 18, 19 is produced.
  • the bow-shaped members 14, 15 are curved more strongly in the vertical median planethat is to say in the plane of the paper in FIG. 1in the region of the oblique cut or bevel than the quarter-spherical shell members; the bow members then extend in straight-line continuation of the walls of the outlet ducts 2 and 3, respectively.
  • the individual parts consist of sheet metal and are butt-welded to each other to attain smooth continuously curving transitions without sudden changes of direction.
  • the straight surface line 20, 21 lying in the vertical plane through the center of the outlet duct continues rectilinearly into the region of the respective end member 18 or 19 disposed at the same end, and extends nearly to the upper end of the bow-shaped member 14 or 16, respectively, that is to say beyond the horizontal median plane HMP.
  • a support member 22, 23 is welded to each end member 18, 19, respectively.
  • the sup port member 22 serves for receiving a tractor or truck coupling 24, where as the support member 23 is adapted to engage the trailer unit incorporating the rear-axle unit bogie or truck 25.
  • a pressure-retentive receptacle for the transportation of flowable materials comprising:
  • a substantially circularly cylindrical central member having a generally horizontal axis and formed at the bottom of said member with a plurality of downwardly tapering generally conical outlet ducts and a pair of end members located at least at the opposite axial ends of said central member and secured to said central member and closing same at said opposite axial ends, the wall surfaces of said central member merging smoothly into the wall surfaces of said end members and said ducts merging smoothly into the wall of said members, each of said end members having an upper shell portion with a configuration corresponding to that of a quarter sphere with a radius equal to that of said central member, a lower edge of each shell portion lying generally in a respective plane inclined obliquely outwardly and upwardly from the horizontal median longitudinal plane through said central member and intersecting the latter between the center of the respective quarter sphere and the surface thereof, and
  • a bow-shaped portion secured to and merging smoothly with the respective quarter-spherical shell portion along the respective lower edge and between the latter and respective outlet duct, said bow-shaped portion having a curvature in excess of the curvature of the shell portion in the region of the respective lower edge and extending approximately rectilinearly in continuation of the respective outlet duct to the respective lower edge.
  • each of said quarter-shpherical shell portions has another lower edge lying along the horizontal longitudinal median plane of said central member and extending from the junction of the respective shell potrion with said central member to the oblique lower edge of the respective shell portion.
  • each shell portion is symmetrical with respect to said vertical longitudinal median plane.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Chutes (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Air Transport Of Granular Materials (AREA)
US632248A 1966-07-23 1967-04-20 Pressure-retentive receptacle, especially for bulk-carrying vehicles Expired - Lifetime US3419310A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1966S0104983 DE1269956C2 (de) 1966-07-23 1966-07-23 Druckbehaelter fuer schuettguttransport

Publications (1)

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US3419310A true US3419310A (en) 1968-12-31

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US632248A Expired - Lifetime US3419310A (en) 1966-07-23 1967-04-20 Pressure-retentive receptacle, especially for bulk-carrying vehicles

Country Status (9)

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US (1) US3419310A (no)
AT (1) AT277780B (no)
BE (1) BE693885A (no)
CH (1) CH453915A (no)
DE (1) DE1269956C2 (no)
ES (1) ES335102A1 (no)
FR (1) FR1503344A (no)
GB (1) GB1100520A (no)
NL (1) NL154458B (no)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4346905A (en) * 1979-07-30 1982-08-31 Freeport Transport, Inc. Tank trailer
US5326156A (en) * 1992-06-19 1994-07-05 Heider Merle J Trailer construction
US5346286A (en) * 1992-04-21 1994-09-13 Oberle Robert G Material transporting hopper trailer having improved mobile support frame
US5782524A (en) * 1995-06-30 1998-07-21 Heider; Merle J. Curved wall trailer construction
WO2002042116A1 (en) * 2000-11-23 2002-05-30 I.M.P. S.P.A. A tanker for the transport of solid products in powder or in granules, and relative manufacturing process
US20130026790A1 (en) * 2010-04-08 2013-01-31 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Front underfloor structure of vehicle
US9308852B2 (en) 2013-07-02 2016-04-12 Mac Trailer Manufacturing, Inc. Method of manufacturing a trailer
USD756267S1 (en) 2014-06-24 2016-05-17 Mac Trailer Manufacturing, Inc. Trailer having arcuate top
US9616799B1 (en) 2013-10-16 2017-04-11 Racehorse Investments, L.L.C. Pneumatic tank trailer
US9758083B1 (en) 2013-10-16 2017-09-12 Racehorse Investments, L.L.C. Pneumatic tank trailer
US9789916B1 (en) 2013-10-16 2017-10-17 Racehorse Investments, L.L.C. Pneumatic tank trailer
USD803726S1 (en) 2016-02-29 2017-11-28 Mac Trailer Manufacturing, Inc. Pneumatic tank
US20190382222A1 (en) * 2018-03-27 2019-12-19 Mac Trailer Manufacturing, Inc. Tank having an air piping system
US11192734B2 (en) 2018-03-27 2021-12-07 Mac Trailer Manufacturing, Inc. Tank having an air piping system and method of loading and unloading the same

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2810328C2 (de) * 1978-03-10 1987-03-26 Spitzer Silo-Fahrzeugwerk GmbH & Co KG, 6957 Elztal Innendruckbelastbarer Silobehälter
DE3146895A1 (de) * 1981-10-31 1983-05-26 Spitzer Silo-Fahrzeugwerk GmbH & Co KG, 6957 Elztal Silofahrzeug

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1274614A (en) * 1917-01-12 1918-08-06 Marvin E Sherman Car for perishable granular material.
GB813425A (en) * 1956-10-20 1959-05-13 Aluminium Ind Ag Improvements relating to silo-cars for the transport of bulk material
FR1325973A (fr) * 1962-05-21 1963-05-03 Spitzer Kg Ludwig Sen Véhicule pour le transport de matières en vrac
US3139286A (en) * 1961-11-13 1964-06-30 Ronald D Johnson Tank truck hopper body formed with arcuate surfaces

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1274614A (en) * 1917-01-12 1918-08-06 Marvin E Sherman Car for perishable granular material.
GB813425A (en) * 1956-10-20 1959-05-13 Aluminium Ind Ag Improvements relating to silo-cars for the transport of bulk material
US3139286A (en) * 1961-11-13 1964-06-30 Ronald D Johnson Tank truck hopper body formed with arcuate surfaces
FR1325973A (fr) * 1962-05-21 1963-05-03 Spitzer Kg Ludwig Sen Véhicule pour le transport de matières en vrac

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4346905A (en) * 1979-07-30 1982-08-31 Freeport Transport, Inc. Tank trailer
US5346286A (en) * 1992-04-21 1994-09-13 Oberle Robert G Material transporting hopper trailer having improved mobile support frame
US5326156A (en) * 1992-06-19 1994-07-05 Heider Merle J Trailer construction
USRE35580E (en) * 1992-06-19 1997-08-12 Heider; Merle J. Trailer construction
US5782524A (en) * 1995-06-30 1998-07-21 Heider; Merle J. Curved wall trailer construction
WO2002042116A1 (en) * 2000-11-23 2002-05-30 I.M.P. S.P.A. A tanker for the transport of solid products in powder or in granules, and relative manufacturing process
US20130026790A1 (en) * 2010-04-08 2013-01-31 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Front underfloor structure of vehicle
US8668245B2 (en) * 2010-04-08 2014-03-11 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Front underfloor structure of vehicle
US9308852B2 (en) 2013-07-02 2016-04-12 Mac Trailer Manufacturing, Inc. Method of manufacturing a trailer
US9789916B1 (en) 2013-10-16 2017-10-17 Racehorse Investments, L.L.C. Pneumatic tank trailer
US9616799B1 (en) 2013-10-16 2017-04-11 Racehorse Investments, L.L.C. Pneumatic tank trailer
US9758083B1 (en) 2013-10-16 2017-09-12 Racehorse Investments, L.L.C. Pneumatic tank trailer
USD756267S1 (en) 2014-06-24 2016-05-17 Mac Trailer Manufacturing, Inc. Trailer having arcuate top
USD803726S1 (en) 2016-02-29 2017-11-28 Mac Trailer Manufacturing, Inc. Pneumatic tank
US10857928B2 (en) * 2018-03-27 2020-12-08 Mac Trailer Manufacturing, Inc. Method of unloading materials from a tank
US20190382223A1 (en) * 2018-03-27 2019-12-19 Mac Trailer Manufacturing, Inc. Method of unloading materials from a tank
US10857929B2 (en) 2018-03-27 2020-12-08 Mac Trailer Manufacturing, Inc. Minimizing relative movement between component parts of a tank during loading and unloading
US10857927B2 (en) 2018-03-27 2020-12-08 Mac Trailer Manufacturing, Inc. Dry bulk tank with compartments and an air piping system for equalizing air pressure in the compartments
US20190382222A1 (en) * 2018-03-27 2019-12-19 Mac Trailer Manufacturing, Inc. Tank having an air piping system
US10894501B2 (en) * 2018-03-27 2021-01-19 Mac Trailer Manufacturing, Inc. Tank having an air piping system
US10913383B2 (en) 2018-03-27 2021-02-09 Mac Trailer Manufacturing, Inc. Method of decreasing stress and deformation in a bulk tank
US10919432B2 (en) 2018-03-27 2021-02-16 Mac Trailer Manufacturing, Inc. Tank
US10919431B2 (en) 2018-03-27 2021-02-16 Mac Trailer Manufacturing, Inc. Dry bulk tank
US10926688B2 (en) 2018-03-27 2021-02-23 Mac Trailer Manufacturing, Inc. Tank with compartments and an air piping system for equalizing air pressure in the compartments
US10946784B2 (en) 2018-03-27 2021-03-16 Mac Trailer Manufacturing, Inc. Method of loading materials into a tank
US11192734B2 (en) 2018-03-27 2021-12-07 Mac Trailer Manufacturing, Inc. Tank having an air piping system and method of loading and unloading the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT277780B (de) 1970-01-12
NL6617936A (no) 1968-01-24
DE1269956B (de) 1975-07-24
DE1269956C2 (de) 1975-07-24
FR1503344A (fr) 1967-11-24
CH453915A (de) 1968-03-31
BE693885A (no) 1967-07-17
NL154458B (nl) 1977-09-15
GB1100520A (en) 1968-01-24
ES335102A1 (es) 1967-11-16

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