US3416206A - Means for localizing tension in running yarn - Google Patents

Means for localizing tension in running yarn Download PDF

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Publication number
US3416206A
US3416206A US437986A US43798665A US3416206A US 3416206 A US3416206 A US 3416206A US 437986 A US437986 A US 437986A US 43798665 A US43798665 A US 43798665A US 3416206 A US3416206 A US 3416206A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
yarn
tension
localizing
pin
path
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US437986A
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English (en)
Inventor
Frederick C Allen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
British Nylon Spinners Ltd
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British Nylon Spinners Ltd
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Publication date
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
    • D02J1/227—Control of the stretching tension; Localisation of the stretching neck; Draw-pins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H59/00—Adjusting or controlling tension in filamentary material, e.g. for preventing snarling; Applications of tension indicators
    • B65H59/10—Adjusting or controlling tension in filamentary material, e.g. for preventing snarling; Applications of tension indicators by devices acting on running material and not associated with supply or take-up devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H59/00—Adjusting or controlling tension in filamentary material, e.g. for preventing snarling; Applications of tension indicators
    • B65H59/10—Adjusting or controlling tension in filamentary material, e.g. for preventing snarling; Applications of tension indicators by devices acting on running material and not associated with supply or take-up devices
    • B65H59/12—Stationary elements arranged to deflect material from straight path
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H71/00—Moistening, sizing, oiling, waxing, colouring or drying filamentary material as additional measures during package formation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/30—Handled filamentary material
    • B65H2701/31—Textiles threads or artificial strands of filaments

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE The tension in a running length of yarn is localized by passing the yarn in contact with a nonrotatable curved surface having a profile with a continuously increasing radius of curvature along at least substantially the entire yarn path.
  • the invention concerns improvements in or relating to means for localizing tension in running yarn. Such means exert a braking action on yarn that is drawn over or through them to localize the requisite tension.
  • tension-localizing device causes the yarn to draw at a neck, i.e. the diameter of the yarn suddenly decreases over a very short length of the yarn, giving the appearance of a neck at that point.
  • Such localisation of the point of draw is of advantage in the production of uniform yarns (eg from the point of view of uniform dyeing).
  • the tension-localizing means employed in the abovedescribed drawing process is usually a, snubbing pin, around which the yarn is wrapped with one or more turns; and such pin may be heated or unheated, and may be made of metal or of ceramic material.
  • means for localizing tension in a running yarn comprises a non-rotatable curved surface around and in contact with which the yarn is pulled under tension and having a profile with a continuously increasing radius of curvature along at least substantially the entire yarn path.
  • a presently preferred tension-localizing means is one in which the profile is a logarithmic spiral such that the yarn makes one wrap around the profile and such that the normal force exerted on the yarn in contact with the surface does not increase at so high a rate as on a circular pin and does not reach such high final values.
  • a means can be made from stainless steel bar, channelled and mattchromed around its exterior yarn-contacting surface, the bar being mounted "ice on a pin attached to it at right angles at the beginning of the spiral, i.e. at the point of minimum radius, Where first the yarn contacts the channelled exterior surface.
  • the yarn-contacting surface may be straight over a short distance along the yarn path; and such short, straight portions may also exist at other locations around the yarn path, so as to allow for localisation of different tensions around the yarn path.
  • the steel bar is slightly helically shaped, in the axial direction of the mounting pin, in order to separate the incoming yarn path from the outgoing path.
  • such a means can be made from a stainless steel plate, in which case the yarn will take up a path providing the most intimate contact between the surface of the yarn and that of the plate, in which respect the plate may have a slight advantage over the channelled bar.
  • A is a constant
  • the main advantages of such a logarithmic profile tensionlocalizing means, when such is employed to localize the drawing tension in certain nylon yarns, are that it leads to a reduction in denier variation along the yarn when such is drawn at high speeds and high draw ratios, and that the maximum attainable draw ratio is increased.
  • a subsidiary advantage may be that it reduces the rate of tension increase, thereby reducing the concentration of stress and strain at any point.
  • nubs are short lengths of undrawn yarn in the drawn monofilament yarns, normally to be regarded as defects downgrading the quality of the yarn if present in any great number in 10 feet lengths of yarn.
  • One way of decreasing the number of nubs is to increase the distance between the snubbing-pin and the draw roll, but this leads to an inconvenient disposition of the pieces of apparatus on a production machine.
  • the nub level can be maintained very low at ordinary snubbing-pin-to-draw-roll distances.
  • the preferred tension means also has a further advantage over a circular cross-section cylindrical snubbing pin, for instance, in that it is possible to apply heating or cooling to the means at any part or parts of the yarn path around the track, without necessarily affecting the temperature of other parts of the path. This is important too, in that there need be no feed-back of heat from the yarn departure point along the yarn path to the entry point.
  • FIGURE 1 is a diagram of the yarn path approaching and in the drawing zone of a drawing machine, showing preferred means for localizing the drawing tension according to invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a side perspective view of the preferred tension-localizing means having a logarithmic spiral profile
  • FIGURE 3 is a view of such a means, on a larger scale, showing means for heating and/ or cooling it;
  • FIGURE 4 is a perspective view of another version of the preferred tension-localizing means.
  • FIGURE 1 shows a tension-localizing means 1 used as the snubbing-pin of a drawing machine.
  • the means takes the form of a channelled metal bar 2 mounted on a pin 3 and shaped to a profile of a logarithmic spiral.
  • a supply package 5 of undrawn yarn Y is mounted at the top of the machine on a creel (not shown).
  • the yarn is withdrawn over one end of the supply package around guide 7 and thence passes downwardly through pig-tail guide '9. From the guide, the yarn is drawn by driven feed rolls, comprising roll 11 and nip roll 13, and is passed thereby into the drawing zone.
  • the undrawn yarn is drawn in the drawing zone by being pulled under tension by driven draw roll 15, rotating at a peripheral speed greater by the required draw ratio than that of feed roll 11, around which draw roll 15 and its idler separator roll 17, the drawn yarn is wrapped three times as shown.
  • the point of draw is located on the tension localizing means 1, around the major proportion of whose outer curved and channeled surface the yarn is wrapped whilst its path is turned through 360.
  • draw yarn is forwarded to a wind-up means (not shown).
  • FIGURE 2 shows the preferred tension-localizing means on a larger scale.
  • the channelling 19 in the outer curved surface of the channelled member 2, providing a track for the yarn, is clearly visible, and so is the mounting pin 3 at the yarn input end of the track.
  • the helical nature of the member 2 is also clear.
  • FIGURE 3 the manner in which the yarn may join and depart from the tension-localizing means is shown in greater detail.
  • Metal tubes 21, fitted within tubular metal holders 23, are located at intervals along and in contact with the inside of the channeled member 2 providing the yarn track.
  • Cartridge heaters may be fitted within any or all of said tubes, to heat the local area of the yarn track; or heating or cooling fluids may be circulated through the tubes to provide any desired temperature gradients along the track.
  • the tension-localizing means is similar to that of the other figures save that it comprises a metal plate 25 shaped to a profile of a logarithmic spiral.
  • N o. of changes i.e., the re- Overall denier versals of direcvariation tion of denier (Percent of variation) per Tension-localizing means
  • the drawn yarn produced with the logarithmic spiral track had an extensibility of about 13% and a tenacity of 9-10 grams/denier.
  • the invention has been particularly described with reference to the drawing of nylon yarns, it is equally applicable to drawing processes for other synthetic polymer yarns, such as those of polyester or polypropylene material. Furthermore, as mentioned above, the invention is not confined to use within a drawing process, but may be used whenever tension is required to be localized in a gradual, uniformly increasing manner in a running yarn, whether that yarn be a monofilament or a multifilament yarn. Naturally, however, it is in the critically sensitive drawing process for synthetic polymer yarns that the invention has its greatest applicability.
  • Means for localizing tension in a running yarn comprising a non-rotatable curved spiral surface around and in contact with which the yarn is pulled under tension and said spiral having a profile with a continuously increasing radius of curvature along at least substantially the entire yarn path.
  • Means for localizing tension in a running yarn comprising a non-rotatable curved surface around and in contact with which the yarn is pulled under tension, said curved surface having a logarithmic spiral profile with continuously increasing radius of curvature along at least substantially the entire yarn path.
  • a process for localizing tension in a running yarn comprising the steps of (a) continuously pulling a yarn from a supply there- (b) contacting said yarn over a portion of its length,
  • a process for localizing tension in a running yarn comprising the steps of (a) continuously pulling the yarn from a supply thereof, (b) contacting said yarn over a portion of its length, while it is being so pulled, with a non-rotatable curved logarithmic spiral surface, having a profile with a continuously increasing radius of curvature along at least substantially the entire yarn path and (c) wrapping said yarn around and in contact with said surface.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US437986A 1964-03-12 1965-03-08 Means for localizing tension in running yarn Expired - Lifetime US3416206A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB10434/64A GB1041512A (en) 1964-03-12 1964-03-12 Improvements in or relating to means for localizing tension in running yarn

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3416206A true US3416206A (en) 1968-12-17

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ID=9967779

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US437986A Expired - Lifetime US3416206A (en) 1964-03-12 1965-03-08 Means for localizing tension in running yarn

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3416206A (ru)
BE (2) BE661076A (ru)
CH (2) CH432712A (ru)
DE (2) DE1660194B1 (ru)
FR (2) FR1435220A (ru)
GB (2) GB1041512A (ru)
LU (2) LU48169A1 (ru)
NL (2) NL6502909A (ru)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19635373C2 (de) * 1996-08-31 2000-08-03 Saechsisches Textilforsch Inst Vorrichtung zum Ausgleichen von Fadenverbrauchs- und Fadenspannungsschwankungen bei der Zuführung von fadenförmigem Material

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2993260A (en) * 1958-02-20 1961-07-25 American Enka Corp Differentially heated draw pin
US3083523A (en) * 1958-08-01 1963-04-02 Du Pont Twistless, heat relaxed interlaced yarn
US3099872A (en) * 1959-07-04 1963-08-06 Glanzstoff Ag Method and apparatus for heating and drawing threads
US3108323A (en) * 1961-06-23 1963-10-29 Monsanto Chemicals Process and apparatus for heating and stretching filamens
US3256134A (en) * 1963-10-09 1966-06-14 American Enka Corp Yarn treating process and product
US3277228A (en) * 1964-04-15 1966-10-04 Chemical 1963 Ltd Method of stretching yarn

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH341942A (de) * 1954-11-26 1959-10-31 Klinger Manufacturing Company Einrichtung für die Wärmebehandlung von thermoplastischem oder hitzehärtbarem Garn
DE1749131U (de) * 1957-04-30 1957-07-25 Karl Wagler Vorrichtung fuer die herstellung spiralisierter und fixierter elastischer faeden, insbesondere voilsynthetiks.

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2993260A (en) * 1958-02-20 1961-07-25 American Enka Corp Differentially heated draw pin
US3083523A (en) * 1958-08-01 1963-04-02 Du Pont Twistless, heat relaxed interlaced yarn
US3099872A (en) * 1959-07-04 1963-08-06 Glanzstoff Ag Method and apparatus for heating and drawing threads
US3108323A (en) * 1961-06-23 1963-10-29 Monsanto Chemicals Process and apparatus for heating and stretching filamens
US3256134A (en) * 1963-10-09 1966-06-14 American Enka Corp Yarn treating process and product
US3277228A (en) * 1964-04-15 1966-10-04 Chemical 1963 Ltd Method of stretching yarn

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6502909A (ru) 1965-09-13
FR1435220A (fr) 1966-04-15
NL6502910A (ru) 1965-09-13
DE1660194B1 (de) 1970-07-23
FR1435219A (fr) 1966-04-15
GB1041513A (en) 1966-09-07
CH433574A (de) 1967-04-15
BE661075A (ru) 1965-09-13
DE1660193A1 (de) 1970-04-09
LU48176A1 (ru) 1965-05-12
CH432712A (de) 1967-03-31
LU48169A1 (ru) 1965-05-11
BE661076A (ru) 1965-09-13
GB1041512A (en) 1966-09-07

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