US3403531A - Chimney cooler for the cooling of liquids by means of atmospheric air - Google Patents

Chimney cooler for the cooling of liquids by means of atmospheric air Download PDF

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Publication number
US3403531A
US3403531A US610407A US61040767A US3403531A US 3403531 A US3403531 A US 3403531A US 610407 A US610407 A US 610407A US 61040767 A US61040767 A US 61040767A US 3403531 A US3403531 A US 3403531A
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United States
Prior art keywords
tubes
liquid
cooling
cooler
chimney
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US610407A
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English (en)
Inventor
Oesterheld Karl Adolf
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of US3403531A publication Critical patent/US3403531A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D5/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, using the cooling effect of natural or forced evaporation
    • F28D5/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, using the cooling effect of natural or forced evaporation in which the evaporating medium flows in a continuous film or trickles freely over the conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • F28F1/04—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular polygonal, e.g. rectangular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/04—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of ceramic; of concrete; of natural stone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
    • F28F3/083—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning capable of being taken apart
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S261/00—Gas and liquid contact apparatus
    • Y10S261/11—Cooling towers

Definitions

  • Means are located above the said tubes to supply liquid to be cooled over the outer surfaces of said tubes.
  • the liquid passes downwardly over the said tubes and is absorbed by the material of the tubes so that the liquid advances to the inner wall surfaces.
  • Means are then provided to pass atmospheric air through the said tubes to evaporate the liquid from the inner surfaces to thereby cool the liquid passing over the outer surfaces of the tube.
  • Chimney coolers with natural draught must be of large structural dimensions if they are intended to have a fairly satisfactory cooling efliciency.
  • the cooling temperature obtained by such coolers naturally lies above the temperature of the atmospheric air serving as the cooling agent because this latter absorbs heat from the liquid running down and dissipates it. If the liquid is to be cooled down to temperatures below that of the atmospheric air, one has to depend on the use of mechanically operated cooling apparatus or cooling towers, e.g.
  • Cooling apparatus of this kind involve high capital expenditure and operating cost resulting in many cases in an uneconomical cooling operation.
  • the invention provides a chimney cooler of the specified type which is characterized in that the tubes are made of asbestos cement, fibrous cement or another hygroscopic material, the strength and stability of which is not impaired by the absorption of liquid, and designed so that small amounts of the liquid absorbed by the outer tube wall are allowed to advance as far as to the inner wall surfaces of the tubes to be evaporated within the tubes by atmospheric air passing therethrough.
  • liquid to be cooled can be cooled down to temperatures below the temperature of the atmospheric air.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through the chimney cooler according to the invention, taken on the line II of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical cross section taken on the line II-II of FIG. 3, and
  • FIG. 3 is a horizontal cross section taken on the line IIIIII of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cooler which comprises a plurality of preferably square section tubes 1 of asbestos cement or fibrous cement which are disposed in several,
  • each row is formed of a plurality, for example six square section tubes 1 which are inserted in triangular recesses in the supporting cross-timbers 3 by their downwardly directed longitudinal edges, while their longitudinal edges opposite the support are upwardly directed.
  • the square section tubes 1 of each row are slightly spaced apart from one another, whereas the spacing of the superposed rows substantially corresponds to the width of the tube wall.
  • the vertical posts 2 of the supporting frame are embedded in thickened wall portions 4a of a concrete foundation 4 which forms a collecting basin 5 disposed under the cooler for receiving the liquid cooled on its way down between the tubes 1.
  • the cooled liquid is withdrawn from an auxiliary chamber, which is separated from the basin 5, and fed or refed, respectively, to the points of consumption.
  • the liquid to be cooled is contained in a tank 6 arranged on top of the supporting frame and from there it is conveyed into distributing channels 8 through pipe conduits 7 in which shut-off means are incorporated.
  • the distributing channels 8 are secured to the supporting frame above the uppermost row of the square section tubes, the arrangement being such that two adjacent square section tubes at a time have a common distributing channel 8 associated therewith.
  • distributing channels 8 are arranged above the free interval between any two adjacent square section tubes 1 on the supporting frame.
  • the liquid will flow over the brim of the distributing channels 8 and conveyed to the upwardly directed longitudinal edges of the upper row of the square section tubes 1 by means of sloping surfaces 9 fixed to the side walls of the distributing channels 8. From each longitudinal edge the liquid divided into two substantially equal parts will flow down the two inclined Walls of the square section tubes 1 and on to the upwardly directed longitudinal edges of the square section tubes 1 disposed in the second and the following rows.
  • the square section of the tubes 1 3 is particularly suitable for uniformly conveying equal amounts of the water to be cooled to the inclined surfaces of the tubes. It is self-evident that for obtaining the desired evaporation effect it is also possible to use tubes of rectangular, circular or profiled cross section of symmetric or asymmetric design.
  • the concrete foundation 4 forms a solid footing 4b in which four uprights 10 are anchored that are connected by diagonal members 11 to form the frame of a chimney.
  • the chimney frame is lined or covered with slabs 12 of asbestos cement or another suitable material which define a high draught shaft 13.
  • slabs 12 of the draught shaft 13 which face the cooler, square recesses are provided which correspond to the clear cross section of the tubes 1.
  • the ends of the tubes 1 are applied to the recessed slabs so that their clear cross sections are accurately aligned with the corresponding square recesses in the slabs.
  • a control flap 14 capable of being opened as wide as the circumstances may require and of being locked in both the opening and closing positions is provided at the lower end of a wall of the draught shaft which is not facing the cooler, e.g. of the wall opposite the cooler, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the square section tubes 1 used in the cooler proposed by the invention are made of asbestos cement, fibrous cement or another material that is hygroscopic to a certain degree, the air passing through the square section tubes 1 comes into contact with the small amount of liquid advanced as far as to the inner wall surface of the tubes 1 and thus causes this amount of liquid to evaporate within the tubes 1. During this evaporation the above-described additional cooling effect is produced which enables amounts of warm liquid, particularly of condensate, to be cooled down to a relatively low temperature exclusively by the natural draught of the chimney.
  • a chimney cooler for the cooling of liquids comprising:
  • (0) means passing atmospheric air through said tubes to evaporate the liquid from said inner surfaces thereby cooling the liquid as it passes over the said outer surfaces.
  • said tubes having a square cross-section including a downwardly directed longitudinal edge inserted in said recesses and an oppositely upwardly directed longitudinal edge receiving the liquid to be cooled that is supplied from said supply means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
US610407A 1966-01-25 1967-01-19 Chimney cooler for the cooling of liquids by means of atmospheric air Expired - Lifetime US3403531A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEO0011400 1966-01-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3403531A true US3403531A (en) 1968-10-01

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ID=7352311

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US610407A Expired - Lifetime US3403531A (en) 1966-01-25 1967-01-19 Chimney cooler for the cooling of liquids by means of atmospheric air

Country Status (8)

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US (1) US3403531A (US07714131-20100511-C00038.png)
AT (1) AT281083B (US07714131-20100511-C00038.png)
BE (1) BE692742A (US07714131-20100511-C00038.png)
BR (1) BR6786425D0 (US07714131-20100511-C00038.png)
DE (1) DE1501411A1 (US07714131-20100511-C00038.png)
ES (1) ES335900A1 (US07714131-20100511-C00038.png)
FR (1) FR1509370A (US07714131-20100511-C00038.png)
GB (1) GB1136175A (US07714131-20100511-C00038.png)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3521865A (en) * 1968-05-20 1970-07-28 Du Pont Generation of accurately known vapor concentrations by permeation
US3855372A (en) * 1972-04-04 1974-12-17 Siemens Ag Liquid vaporizer
US3898922A (en) * 1972-08-07 1975-08-12 Burger Boy Red Top Refreshment Deodorisation unit
US4007601A (en) * 1975-10-16 1977-02-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Tubular sublimator/evaporator heat sink
US4068625A (en) * 1976-05-12 1978-01-17 Charles Lester Brown Engine intake air moisturizer
US4098852A (en) * 1972-07-04 1978-07-04 Rhone-Poulenc, S.A. Process for carring out a gas/liquid heat-exchange
US4146597A (en) * 1976-04-24 1979-03-27 Dragerwerk Aktiengesellschaft Respiratory air humidifier for respirators
US4155961A (en) * 1977-01-31 1979-05-22 Dragerwerk Aktiengesellschaft Respiratory air humidifier
US4269796A (en) * 1976-08-16 1981-05-26 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Wet/dry cooling tower and method
US4623494A (en) * 1984-01-25 1986-11-18 Electricite De France Atmospheric cooling tower with reduced vapor cloud
US5996976A (en) * 1993-07-13 1999-12-07 Lynntech, Inc. Gas humidification system using water permeable membranes
US20120273171A1 (en) * 2011-04-27 2012-11-01 Upadhya Girish K Earthen evaporative heat exchanger

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5993181A (ja) * 1982-11-19 1984-05-29 Hitachi Ltd 液膜蒸発式熱交換器
CN101929820A (zh) * 2010-09-29 2010-12-29 浙江金宸三普换热器有限公司 平行流热交换器的扁管和翅片结构

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US808050A (en) * 1903-09-05 1905-12-19 Frederick Hauswirth Water-cooling tower.
US927766A (en) * 1908-02-19 1909-07-13 Ferdinand Bauer Liquid-cooling apparatus.
US1467436A (en) * 1922-09-23 1923-09-11 Kramer Joseph Peter Water cooler
US1470156A (en) * 1922-03-15 1923-10-09 George R Evans Air cooler
US1698386A (en) * 1927-03-04 1929-01-08 Charles S Batdorf Water cooler
US2048694A (en) * 1935-01-14 1936-07-28 Harris Air Conditioner Corp Air conditioner

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US808050A (en) * 1903-09-05 1905-12-19 Frederick Hauswirth Water-cooling tower.
US927766A (en) * 1908-02-19 1909-07-13 Ferdinand Bauer Liquid-cooling apparatus.
US1470156A (en) * 1922-03-15 1923-10-09 George R Evans Air cooler
US1467436A (en) * 1922-09-23 1923-09-11 Kramer Joseph Peter Water cooler
US1698386A (en) * 1927-03-04 1929-01-08 Charles S Batdorf Water cooler
US2048694A (en) * 1935-01-14 1936-07-28 Harris Air Conditioner Corp Air conditioner

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3521865A (en) * 1968-05-20 1970-07-28 Du Pont Generation of accurately known vapor concentrations by permeation
US3855372A (en) * 1972-04-04 1974-12-17 Siemens Ag Liquid vaporizer
US4098852A (en) * 1972-07-04 1978-07-04 Rhone-Poulenc, S.A. Process for carring out a gas/liquid heat-exchange
US3898922A (en) * 1972-08-07 1975-08-12 Burger Boy Red Top Refreshment Deodorisation unit
US4007601A (en) * 1975-10-16 1977-02-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Tubular sublimator/evaporator heat sink
US4146597A (en) * 1976-04-24 1979-03-27 Dragerwerk Aktiengesellschaft Respiratory air humidifier for respirators
US4068625A (en) * 1976-05-12 1978-01-17 Charles Lester Brown Engine intake air moisturizer
US4269796A (en) * 1976-08-16 1981-05-26 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Wet/dry cooling tower and method
US4155961A (en) * 1977-01-31 1979-05-22 Dragerwerk Aktiengesellschaft Respiratory air humidifier
US4623494A (en) * 1984-01-25 1986-11-18 Electricite De France Atmospheric cooling tower with reduced vapor cloud
US5996976A (en) * 1993-07-13 1999-12-07 Lynntech, Inc. Gas humidification system using water permeable membranes
US20120273171A1 (en) * 2011-04-27 2012-11-01 Upadhya Girish K Earthen evaporative heat exchanger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1501411A1 (de) 1969-12-18
BE692742A (US07714131-20100511-C00038.png) 1967-07-03
ES335900A1 (es) 1967-12-16
FR1509370A (fr) 1968-01-12
GB1136175A (en) 1968-12-11
AT281083B (de) 1970-05-11
BR6786425D0 (pt) 1973-05-03

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