Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
  • D06M13/35—Heterocyclic compounds
  • D06M13/355—Heterocyclic compounds having six-membered heterocyclic rings
  • D06M13/358—Triazines
  • D06M13/364—Cyanuric acid; Isocyanuric acid; Derivatives thereof
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
  • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
  • D06M2101/10—Animal fibres
  • D06M2101/12—Keratin fibres or silk
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
  • D06M2200/45—Shrinking resistance, anti-felting properties

Definitions

• This invention relates to a process of treating keratinous fibers, particularly wool, to make them nonfelting, and to reduce shrinkage.
• the process is applicable to all the articles which are wholly or partly composed of keratin, such as hair, combed or carded wool, filaments, sheets, knitwear, clothing and goods containing mixtures of keratinous and other materials.
• Felting involves compression and adhesion of the fibers, which in many fabrics is undesirable and constitutes an imperfection.
• the prior art had recourse to chlorination, and later to the use of an N-chlorinated 1-3-5 triazine in aqueous pH-acid solution, a treatment which also reduced shrinking and was useful on wool, but was of limited utility because of poor solubility of the agent, and attack on wool fibers at higher effective concentrations of active chlorine.
• the triazine treatment was an improvement over the chlorination but under strong washing conditions and long periods of treatment a wool thus treated still tends to felt, which produces serious drawbacks for certain textile articles.
• the objects of the invention are accomplished gen erally speaking by the use of aqueous solutions of N-N- dihalogenoisocyanuric acid alkali metal salts in two steps.
• the first step being carried out in a bath at about neutral pH and the second portion at acid pH.
• the pH of the bath in the first stage of treatment is at about 6-8, and during the second stage is between 1 and 4, and is preferably about 2.
• the process of the invention is particularly efficient when the treatment in the neutral bath is carried out until at least half, and not over three-fourths, of the ac tive chlorine has been consumed, the residue of the active chlorine 'being utilized during the acid phase of treat- .ment. Excellent results are obtained when the bath is acidified when about two-thirds of the active chlorine has been consumed.
• the point of acidification is readily determined by the clock. One determines the total duration of the treatment for a particular kerat-. inous material and devotes three-fourths of that time to treatment in neutral medium, acid being added to the chosen pH so that the remainder of the treatment occurs in acid medium.
• aqueous solutions are used in which the concentration of the alkali metal salts is such that the quantity of the active chlorine, expressed as a weight percent of the wool, is between 2 and 6%. It is also advantageous to carry out the process with the weight of wool fibers to the weight of the bath lying between 1/5 and 1/ 60, it being apparent from this range that the treatment can be carried out under concentrated or dilute conditions with efficiency. Excellent results are obtained with a total length of treatment between 20 and minutes at temperatures between 5 and 35 C., room temperature being preferable.
• Such agents may be anionic, cationic, or nonionic.
• nonionic condensation products of ethylene oxide and lauryl alcohol there may be named the nonionic condensation products of ethylene oxide and lauryl alcohol.
• the surface active agent When used it should be stable in the bath and with respect to the keratinous ma terial. Those which have been named have this ability.
• the usual water solutions of sodium bisulphite, sodium hydrosulphite, or any other dechlorinating agent commonly used in the textile industry are satisfactory.
• the process according to the invention has the advantage of regular action, and it is efiicient and effective in completing the treatment of keratinous fibers and materials with almost total consumption of the active chlorine in the bath, in fact so completely that the residual baths can often be discarded without substantial loss.
• the nonfelting characteristics of the wools were meas ured in the following way: From the ribbon there was measured off a length equal to 23 cm. which was sewed at each end and at each quarter of its length with a cotton thread. The distance between the extremes was 21 cm. after preparation of test pieces, the measurement being made by applying a tension of 100 grams.
• the test piece was immersed in a receptacle of 1000 cc. capacity con taining rubber balls and 150 cc. of an aqueous solution containing 5 g./l. of soap, 0.5 g./l. of sodium carbonate, and 2 cc./l. of an antifoaming agent having a silicone base. The receptacle was rotated at 44 r.p.m. in a water bath at 40 C. for minutes. After treatment the test piece was rinsed, wrung out and dried in the air without tension. The length was then measured at 100 grams tension.
• the resistance to felting is represented by the percentage of shrinkage calculated as follows:
• Percent of shrinkage in which L is the length of the piece after the treatment.
• L is the length of the piece after the treatment.
• Nm 2/28 a cord of Nm 2/28 from which are cut 18 lengths which are knotted together as continuous ribbon and subjected to the same tests.
• One is thus able to establish a relation between shrinkage of the ribbon of combed wool and that of the cords which are spun from the ribbon.
• Example 1 The percentages herein stated are based on the weight of the material.
• a ribbon of combed wool was immersed in an aqueous solution having the composition: Sodium salt of dichloroisocyanuric acid yielding 3% of active chlorine; surface active agent being the condensation product of 9 moles of ethylene oxide on 1 mole of lauric alcohol, 1 g./l.; pH 7.4.
• surface active agent being the condensation product of 9 moles of ethylene oxide on 1 mole of lauric alcohol, 1 g./l.
• pH 7.4 pH 7.4
• After 45 minutes of treatment 75% of the active chlorine had been consumed by the fiber; thereafter 5 cc./l. of hydrochloric acid B) were added and the pH fell to 2.5.
• the treatment continued for 15 minutes.
• the weight of the textile material treated, to the weight of the bath was l/7.
• test pieces were dechlorinated in a solution containing 3% sodium bisulphite at 36 B then rinsed.
• the untreated test piece shrank 47%; the treated test piece shrank 9.5%.
• Example 2 W001 cords as described above were treated in aqueous solution containing the sodium salt of dichloroisocyanuric acid in sufiicient concentration to produce 2.5% of active chlorine and 1 g./l. of the surface active agent of EX- ample 1 at a pH of 6.7. After 45 minutes of treatment 70% of the active chlorine had been consumed by the fiber. 2 cc./l. of the hydrochloric acid (20 B) were added, producing a pH of 2.3. The treatment continued for 15 minutes more. The ratio of the weight of the treated material to the bath was l/ 30. After the treatment the material was dechlorinated as aforesaid and compared with the untreated sample. The untreated sample underwent a 46.6% shrinkage and the sample treated by this process only 3% shrinkage. The treated material had a soft hand and did not become yellow.
• the advantages of the invention are in improved operation of the dichloroisocyanuric acid salts process, in the more perfect results obtained on the fiber, in the more complete exhaustion of the treating solution, in freedom from storage problems and the increase of apparatus involved, and in the accomplishment of the objects of the invention.
• a method of treating keratinous materials to reduce felting and shrinking which comprises immersing the keratinous material in a substantially neutral, aqueous bath containing at least one alkali metal salt of dichloroisocyanuric acid, acidifying the bath before the treatment is complete and while the bath contains active chlorine, and completing the treatment in the acid bath.
• a method of treating keratinous materials to reduce felting and shrinking which comprises maintaining the keratinous material in a neutral aqueous medium containing an alkali metal salt of dichloroisocyanuric acid until a substantial reduction of felting and shrinking has occurred, and thereafter maintaining the keratinous material in an aqueous acid medium containing an alkali metal salt of dichloroisocyanuric acid until the reduction of felting and shrinking has been completed.
• a method of treating keratinous materials to reduce felting and shrinking which comprises maintaining the keratinous material in a substantially neutral bath containing an alkali metal salt of dichloroisocyanuric acid until the quantity of active chlorine in the bath has been substantially reduced, acidifying the depleted bath, and continuing the treatment of the keratinous material therewith to a selected end point.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
• Coloring (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=8812796

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (11)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (4)

• 1963
  • 1963-09-20 FR FR948185A patent/FR1376756A/fr not_active Expired
• 1964
  • 1964-08-28 US US392940A patent/US3397943A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1964-09-18 DE DE1469472A patent/DE1469472C3/de not_active Expired
  • 1964-09-18 SE SE11268/64A patent/SE306072B/xx unknown
  • 1964-09-18 CH CH1215864A patent/CH467896A/fr unknown
  • 1964-09-18 GB GB38235/64A patent/GB1071255A/en not_active Expired
  • 1964-09-18 DK DK460164AA patent/DK111742B/da unknown
  • 1964-09-18 NL NL646410912A patent/NL144347B/xx unknown
  • 1964-09-18 FI FI1994/64A patent/FI42948B/fi active
  • 1964-09-18 BE BE653287A patent/BE653287A/xx unknown
  • 1964-09-19 ES ES0304216A patent/ES304216A1/es not_active Expired

Patent Citations (4)

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