US3390497A - Multi-level building with multi-layered vented walls - Google Patents

Description

y 1968 E. LONGINOTTI 3,390,497

MULTI-LEVEL BUILDING WITH MULTI-LAYERED VENTED WALLS Filed April 13, 1966 4 Sheets$h.eet 1 E. LONGINOTTI July 2, 1968 MUL'lI-LEVEL BUILDING WITH MULTI-LAYERED VENTED WALLS 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed April 13, 1966 y 1968 E. LONGINOTTI 3,390,497

MULTI-LEVEL BUILDING WITH MULTI-LAYERED VENTED WALLS Filed April 13, 1966' 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 United States Patent 3,390,497 MULTI-LEVEL BUILDING WITH MULTI-LAYERED VENTED WALLS Enrico Longinotti, Viale Donato Giannotti 75, Florence, Italy Filed Apr. 13, 1966, Ser. No. 542,282 Claims priority, application Italy, Apr. 15, 1965, 8,577/ 65; Feb. 15, 1966, Patent 759,987 4 Claims. (Cl. 52236) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A building structure having a framework with columns, perimetral horizontal beams, floors, and a wall construction composed of three spaced panels supported by the beams via a horizontal panel having rows of projections which engage recesses in the lower edges of the panels, the outer two panels defining a continuous vertical cavity for air circulation.

This invention relates to a building construction, applicable, for example to a metal framed building completed by concrete filling or other mouldable materials.

According to the present invention, there is provided in a building structure horizontally-extending plate means, projection means upstanding from the said plate means and arranged in a row, and a vertically-extending panel having spaced holes along one edge thereof, said holes being so spaced that each engages on one of said projection means.

For triple walls, for instance, acting as external walls, provision may be made for plate members with three rows of projections. These members may be drilled in correspondence of the inter-space between side-by-side panels arranged to ensure the continuity of an air circulation gap.

Certain building constructions in accordance with the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings, in which FIG. 1 is a fragmentary vertical section of an assembly including vertical walls;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a cornice used in the assembly of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a fragmentary horizontal section of an assembly of the vertical walls of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a fragmentary side view and a section of an assembly of two walls at right angles to each other;

' FIG. 5 is a fragmentary perspective view of a panel;

FIGS. 6, 7, 8 and 9 are four fragmentary sections illustrating methods of assembling plate members to a ceiling or floor structure;

FIG. 10 is a section, on enlarged scale along line X-X of FIG. 4;

FIGS. 11, 12 and 13 are perspective views showing various plate members for the connection of the panels at corners and for securing fittings;

FIGS. 14 and 15 are side views of the plate member of FIG. 13 as used for abutting against a ceiling and as used for connection at an intermediate level on to a wall panel respectively;

FIG. 16 is a fragmentary perspective view of a plate member for the connection of contiguous panels;

FIGS. 17 and 18 illustrate respectively such a plate member in side view and as used for abutting against a ceiling and as used for connection at an intermediate level in a wall;

FIG. 19 illustrates a local section, on enlarged scale, along line XIXXIX of FIG. 18;

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FIG. 20 is a perspective view of a wall during course of construction; and

FIGS. 21, 22, 23 and 24 illustrate fragmentary plan views and a horizontal section of walls constructed with the members as shown in FIGS. 11, 12, 13 and 16.

Referring now to FIGS. 1 to 3, an embodiment of a floor structure and ceiling is illustrated in outline. The structure includes supporting columns 1 and one main horizontal I-section beam 3 on which subsidiary beams 7 are carried by inverted channel-section members 5. The beams 7 are only partially visible in these figures and have a double-T section; they form a portion of the ceiling structure. The ceiling structure includes a lower plate 9 to which light-weight material projections 11 are bonded (the light-weight material is, for example, an expanded synthetic resin). The projections 11 may be hollow with the concavity facing downwardly. Between the beams 3 and 7 or between equivalent additional structures, cast concrete 13 is provided and this is arranged towithstand at least compressive forces. Profiled members 15 rigid with the plates 9 are embedded in the concrete and are intended to provide strength before the setting of the concrete. The concrete 13 may incorporate reinforcing rods or stirrups 17, projecting portions 17a of which serve to support a cornice 19, as hereinafter described.

The assembly of the parts forming partition walls or external walls cooperates with a vertical support structure as illustrated, or alternatively with another equivalent continuous structure or a column structure and with a horizontal structure as illustrated, or with any suitable ceiling and floor structure.

For the construction of the vertical walls, plane panels 21 (FIG. 5) of any appropriate and desired material are used and along the upper and lower edges 21a of these panels (when located in situ) holes 23 are spaced at appropriate modular distances, said holes being made during the formation of each panel, or, if desired, after the formation of the panel. The end one of each row of holes, i.e., adjacent the vertical end face 21b when in situ, is spaced from said face 21b by a distance equal to one half of the modular spacing between the other holes 23 of the row.

Elongated plate members 25 having a width equal to the total thickness of a given wall to be constructed are used as bases for the formation of plane walls. Pins 29 or other projections are upstanding from each surface of each plate 25 and are secured to each plate 25 by their plates 27 (see FIG. 18) and the pins 29 are arranged, as are the thin plates 27, in pairs adjacent the longitudinal edges of each plate 25.

In FIG. 17 plate member 25x is shown similar to the plate 25, but with thin plates 27x and pins 29x provided only on one face. The spacing of the adjacent pins 29 along a single edge of the strip plate member 25 corresponds .to the spacing between the holes 23 of the panels.

A set of the plate members 25 can engage a ceiling by the downwardly-extending pins, the ceiling structure being formed, for instance, by the concrete 13, as shown in FIG. 9. Alternatively strip plate members 25x can be secured 'by adhesive to the ceiling (FIG. 6), or secured by rivets 31 (see FIG. 7), or even embedded partly in the ceiling (see FIG. 8), or in any other manner engaged to the horizontal structure on which a partition wall is to be erected.

A combination of two or more of these securing methods may be employed. A set of these plate members 25 or 25x, suitably spaced, are arranged on the ceiling, in such a manner that the longitudinal spacing between the end pins of two adjacent plate members is equal to the pitch or a multiple of the pitch between the holes 23 of the panels. It is thus possible to locate a first horizontal row of pairs of panels 21 on the two longitudinal rows of pins 29 or 29x, a common panel at least being related to two contiguous strip plate members, and the side-by-side panels being spaced from each other according to the spacing between the pairs of transversely aligned pins in each plate member or 25x; the two adjacent panels may be longitudinally aligned or off-set relative to one another.

Other strip plate members (see especially FIGS. 4 and 20) are arranged above the first series of the pairs of panels, so that the downwardly-extending pins 29 penetrate into the upper recesses or holes of the underlying panels. Then a second series of pairs of panels 21 is located, each panel being off-set with respect to the underlying ones and each engaging at least two contiguous plate members. Continuing the assembly, a doubleskinned Wall is obtained and its panels are connected to one another in vertical and horizontal directions. The connection also takes place with the aid of an adhesive or binding material for the connection of the pins 29 and 29x to the walls having the holes 23.

For additional stiffening, provisions may be made for vertical reinforcing members (FIGS. 1 and 3), inserted in the gap between the panels and interposed between contiguous strip plate members 25. At the upper end of the walls thus formed beneath an overlying ceiling, the said walls are extended between ceiling panels 37, which are carried by a grid formed by channel section members 38 and 38a (see FIG. 1), supported by the overlying ceiling structure.

For the construction of corners or of angled walls, special strip plate members 39 (see FIGS. 11 and 21) are used. These members are arranged to engage the panels 21 in pairs at right angles to each other, with the aid of pins 41 mounted Similarly to pins 29. A small plate or shim 43 carries pins 41a having the same function as the pins 41 and a central pin 45 serves to engage a spacer 47 (see FIG. 21) arranged to close the gap formed between the pairs of panels. The position of the pins 41, 41a, and 45, in relation to the modular spacing, is such as to allow assembly alternatively in the arrangement shown in FIG. 21 and in a symmetrical arrangement, obtained by assuming an inversion of FIG. 21 about the diagonal of the corner shown in FIG. 1 in the plane of the drawing.

A plate member 49 of FIG. 13 can be used in the manner illustrated in FIG. 24, to set up T junctions between the walls, or plate member 51 of FIG. 12 in the manner shown in the left-hand portion of FIG. 23. For cross-over junctions between two walls, a cross-shaped plate 53 element is used(FIG. 22).

Between the juxtaposed panels, narrow gaps are formed correpsonding to the sum of the thickness of the parts 27, 25, 27, and these gaps are relatively thin but suited to receive a stucco (plaster) lining. Floor slabs 57 (see FIG. 1) may cover the flooring junction lines, the ceiling 37 forms an upper finishing.

For the construction of the external walls, three sets of panels are used and indicated respectively from the outside to the inside by 21x, 21y, 212 (FIG. 1). For the construction of the external walls, strip or laminar plate members 59 and 59x are used and are provided with three rows of upper and lower pins 61 on the strips 59 and 61x, arranged above the strip members 59x. At the outer edges, the plate members 59x have an additional row of downwardly-directed pins 61y, The cornice 19 has projecting shoulders 19a (FIG. 2) arranged to rest on the flanges of the beam 3. Holes 19b in the shoulders 19a engage the projecting portions 17a of the rods 17, and are thereby secured to the structure. The cornice 19 has a lower edge portion 190, which engages the upper edges of panels 211 of the wall underlying the ceiling to which the cornice is applied. The cornice has moreover,

at the upper edge thereof, holes 19d, in which the pins 61y of the plate members 59x engage. The elements 59x rest on the ceiling structure, on the beam 3 and on the cornice.

The assembly of the external panels is effected substantially as that of the internal panels, with the use of the members 59, 59x instead of the members 25 and 25x. Strip plate members, similar to those denoted by 49 or I51, are used for the joints between external walls and the internal partition walls as shown in FIGS. 23 and 24.

It is to be noted that with the use of the cornice as described and with the structure illustrated particularly in FIG. 1, between the panels 21y and 21z, a continuous gap is formed between the walls in different planes. The shoulders 19a allow the passage of air betwen the cornice 19 and the beam 3, and the spacing between the contiguous plate members 59 and the presence of the holes in the same plates 59 in alignment with the gap between the panels 21y-21z establish the continuity of a gap, which ensures thermal insulation of the external wall. In the gap between the panels 21y and 21z, reinforcing section members, such as those denoted by 35, may be inserted and said reinforcing section member may be retained between the beam 3 and the cornice 19.

Members such as these denoted by 63 in FIG. 3 may serve to define the vertical sides of windows and/or of doors.

The construction hereinbefore particularly described is readily assembled and dismantled regardless of location and can be used to form vertical partition walls and outer walls.

I claim:

1. In a multi-level building structure, a framework including supporting columns and perimetral horizontal beams at the floor levels thereof, floors extending between said perimetral beams, two spaced walls resting perimetrally on said floors adjacent the outer edges thereof, each wall including a plurality of vertical panel elements having a set of recesses spaced along two horizontal edges thereof, horizontally extending flat plate members positioned between said edges of adjacent panel elements, said plate members including outer extensions projecting beyond the outer wall, two rows of spaced projections projecting from said flat members from above and below, said projections penetrating into said recesses of the vertical panel elements for mutual engagement; said outer extensions having a further row of spaced projections; cornice elements including projecting shoulders engaging said beams and maintaining said cornice elements spaced from said beams; a third outer wall superposed on said cornice elements, said third wall including panels having spaced recesses on the horizontal edges thereof engaging said spaced projections of said further row of projections of the flat plate members; said third wall and said cornice elements cooperating to define, with the outer of the spaced walls and the horizontal beams, a continuous gap for air circulation.

2. A structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein said horizontal perirnetral beams are I-beams, each said cornice element having two vertical shoulders disposed between the horizontal flanges of said beams; said structure further including anchoring means extending from said beams and engaging said cornice elements.

3. A structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein said cornice elements include depending outer lower extensions externally overlapping the upper edge of a third outer wall therebelow.

4. A structure according to claim 1 further comprising an auxiliary projection lying between two of said rows of projections on the plate at the angular intersection of two external walls, and obturating means engaging said auxiliary projection and serving to close the space locally between said panels.

(References on following page) 5 6 References Cited FOREIGN PATENTS UNITED STATES PATENTS 227,917 11/1962 Austria. 872,111 1/1906 Dow 52-585 914,313 7/1954 Germany; 2,014,778 9/1935 Pederson 52-583 625,552 6/1949 GreatBmam 2,261,510 11/1941 Atcheson 52-442 5 48,274 9/1919 Swedw 2,284,301 5/1942 Rieser.

3,170,267 2/1965 Rosenfeld 52585 HENRY C. SUTHERLAND, Primary Examiner.

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