US3382910A - Pore-free die casting - Google Patents

Pore-free die casting Download PDF

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Publication number
US3382910A
US3382910A US561744A US56174466A US3382910A US 3382910 A US3382910 A US 3382910A US 561744 A US561744 A US 561744A US 56174466 A US56174466 A US 56174466A US 3382910 A US3382910 A US 3382910A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
die
die casting
cavity
casting
reactive gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US561744A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Schrade F Radtke
Samuel E Eck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Lead Zinc Research Organization Inc
Original Assignee
International Lead Zinc Research Organization Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL135443D priority Critical patent/NL135443C/xx
Application filed by International Lead Zinc Research Organization Inc filed Critical International Lead Zinc Research Organization Inc
Priority to US561744A priority patent/US3382910A/en
Priority to DE19671558261 priority patent/DE1558261B1/de
Priority to GB26311/67A priority patent/GB1183468A/en
Priority to NL6708121A priority patent/NL6708121A/xx
Priority to FR110109A priority patent/FR1531734A/fr
Priority to SE9409/67*A priority patent/SE314481B/xx
Priority to BE700678D priority patent/BE700678A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3382910A publication Critical patent/US3382910A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/006—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using reactive gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/14—Machines with evacuated die cavity

Definitions

  • the present invention is applicable to die casting machines in which relatively movable die members are closed to form a die cavity which is a negative impression of the article to be produced.
  • the die cavity communicates with a reservoir of molten metal.
  • the die members are brought together to form the die cavity and the molten metal is introduced.
  • the die cavity is opened and the article removed.
  • Porosity in die castings is often caused by entrapment of air or other gases within the cast metal.
  • the gases responsible for porosity in the die castings are principally hydrogen and nitrogen.
  • the main source of hydrogen is generally considered to be organic die lubricants which decompose during the casting operation, and the principal source of nitrogen is the air originally in the cavity prior to injection of the molten metal.
  • thermo-stable lubricants e.g., fiuorocarbons
  • nitrogen can be eliminated only by removal of the air from the die cavity, prior to injecting the molten metal. Removal of air from the die cavity is generally accomplished by means of a vacuum pump.
  • Vacuum die casting is also beneficial since it reduces the turbulence caused by the mass flow retarding effect of a gas, e.g., air, which is compressed in the die cavity ahead of the advancing metal.
  • a gas e.g., air
  • the employment of vacuum die casting techniques is not a simple solution for the problem of gas entrapment since the employment of vacuum techniques increases the complexity of the die casting operation and introduces an additional operating condition which requires precise control. It will be appreciated that the production of die castings of consistently good quality entails the control of a large number of interacting operational variables. Cavity evacuation, to provide a vacuum, adds a further variable which is both difficult to control and likely to diminish the degree of control which can be achieved over other variables.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a die casting process which is capable of providing a consistent degree of removal of the air from the die cavity, the metal chamber, and the runners.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide a die casting technique which achieves the effect of a vacuum casting process but does not depend on a vacuum pump or other conventional vacuum equipment.
  • reactive gas is intended to refer to and include any gas which is soluble in both the molten and solidified metal or any gas which will react or combine with the molten metal during casting to form products which are soluble in both the molten and solidified metal or which can be randomly dispersed throughout the solidifying metal without adversely affecting the quality of the castings. It will be appreciated that the reaction or combination of the reactive gas with the molten metal within a sealed die cavity results in the disappearance of the gas contained within the cavity, thereby providing the benefits associated with vacuum die casting.
  • the particular reactive gas which i employed to combine with the molten metal will depend primarily upon the metal being cast.
  • suitable reactive gases include oxygen, chlorine, and bromine.
  • Metal vapors, e.g., of zinc, aluminum, and magnesium, depending on the metal being cast, can also be employed as a reactive gas since such metal vapors would condense to the metallic state upon cooling, thus reducing the volume of gas within the die cavity.
  • Oxygen is the preferred reactive gas for use in zinc, aluminum, and magnesium die casting, since these metals react with oxygen to form stable, non-corrosive reaction products which are compatible with the base metal.
  • the diecavity, vents, runners, and overflow wells can be flushed with oxygen at a pressure slightly above ambient pressure prior to the injection of the metal.
  • the gas inlet is sealed and casting commenced.
  • the oxygen reacts with the molten zinc to form zinc oxide, thereby providing a gas-free cavity, i.e., the practical effect of a vacuum.
  • the resulting finely divided zinc oxide is entrapped in and dispersed throughout the solidifying zinc, thus reducing or eliminating any porosity, other than shrinkage porosity, due to the presence of entrapped gas.
  • thermally insulated gates and runners can be used to prevent solidification of the molten metal at the gate and maintain molten metal pressure in the die.
  • the die cavity can be filled with a suitable reactive gas by making minor modifications on almost any existing type of die casting equipment.
  • a ga purging system operating at a pressure slightly above ambient pressure can be used to introduce the reactive gas into the cavity which is then sealed in order to prevent escape of the reactive gas into the atmosphere and leakage of air back into the die cavity.
  • a positive pressure of the reactive gas can be employed to keep air from reentering the die cavity, thereby maintaining an atmosphere of reactive gas in the cavity during casting.
  • the die itself may be operated within a sealed enclosure having an atmosphere of the selected reactive gas. Suitable seals for the die cavity and means for extracting the casting from within the enclosure can be easily adapted from existing hood-type vacuum die casting equipment.
  • the present invention provides a die casting process which is efficient and convenient.
  • the process can be easily carried out in equipment which is simple in design and, therefore, economical in cost and maintenance. Changes and modifications which are necessary to adapt existing high-speed die casting equipment to die casting in accordance with the present invention are simple and relatively inexpensive.
  • This invention can be employed in conjunction with both hot and cold chamber die casting techniques for die casting metals such as zinc, magnesium, aluminum, tin, brass, and the like, as well as alloys containing these metals.
  • a die casting method comprises purging air from within the die cavity by flushing said cavity with a reactive gas, and subsequently injecting molten metal into the reactive gas-filled cavity, whereby the reactive gas combine's with the molten metal, thereby reducing the tendency for voids to form in said casting.
  • a die casting process which involves feeding a molten metal into a die cavity positioned between movable die members, which process comprises closing the die members to form a die cavity, purging the die cavity with a reactive gas, and thereafter filling the die cavity with a charge of molten metal.
  • molten metal is selected from the group consisting of zinc, aluminum, magnesium, zinc alloys, aluminum alloys, and magnesium alloys.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
US561744A 1966-06-30 1966-06-30 Pore-free die casting Expired - Lifetime US3382910A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL135443D NL135443C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1966-06-30
US561744A US3382910A (en) 1966-06-30 1966-06-30 Pore-free die casting
DE19671558261 DE1558261B1 (de) 1966-06-30 1967-06-02 Verfahren zur herstellung gasporenfreier druckguss stuecke
GB26311/67A GB1183468A (en) 1966-06-30 1967-06-07 Pore Free Die Casting
NL6708121A NL6708121A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1966-06-30 1967-06-12
FR110109A FR1531734A (fr) 1966-06-30 1967-06-13 Procédé de coulée sous pression et pièces moulées exemptes de pores obtenues par ce procédé
SE9409/67*A SE314481B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1966-06-30 1967-06-28
BE700678D BE700678A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1966-06-30 1967-06-29

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US561744A US3382910A (en) 1966-06-30 1966-06-30 Pore-free die casting

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3382910A true US3382910A (en) 1968-05-14

Family

ID=24243258

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US561744A Expired - Lifetime US3382910A (en) 1966-06-30 1966-06-30 Pore-free die casting

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3382910A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE700678A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1558261B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1183468A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (2) NL6708121A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE314481B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3779304A (en) * 1971-07-13 1973-12-18 Nippon Light Metal Co Injection gate system
DE2517140A1 (de) * 1974-04-19 1975-11-20 Nippon Light Metal Co Druckgussverfahren
US3999593A (en) * 1976-02-19 1976-12-28 International Lead Zinc Research Organization, Inc. Method and apparatus for pore-free die casting
FR2338759A1 (fr) * 1976-01-26 1977-08-19 Int Lead Zinc Res Procede et appareil pour le moulage sans pores en coquille
US4574867A (en) * 1984-08-27 1986-03-11 Thompson William E Trapped gas reduction in die castings
EP1034863A1 (de) * 1999-03-05 2000-09-13 Alusuisse Technology & Management AG Verfahren zum Druckgiessen von Leichtmetallen
US20090038720A1 (en) * 2004-12-23 2009-02-12 Roger Neil Lumley Heat Treatment of Aluminium Alloy High Pressure Die Castings
JP2012125839A (ja) * 2010-11-24 2012-07-05 Toshiba Mach Co Ltd 品質管理装置及びダイカストマシン
JP2012254464A (ja) * 2011-06-08 2012-12-27 Honda Motor Co Ltd 無孔性ダイカスト用金型装置

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19503784A1 (de) * 1995-02-04 1996-08-08 Schaeffler Waelzlager Kg Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Kipp- oder Schlepphebels aus Aluminium
JP3508627B2 (ja) * 1998-07-14 2004-03-22 日本軽金属株式会社 ダイカスト法及びダイカスト製品
EP0972593A1 (en) * 1998-07-14 2000-01-19 Alusuisse Technology & Management AG Pressure die-casting method and products obtained thereby
DE19841229A1 (de) * 1998-09-09 2000-03-16 Alusuisse Bayrisches Druckgus Druckgießmaschine für den Leichtmetallguß in einer evakuierten Form
KR102764300B1 (ko) 2019-11-05 2025-02-07 현대자동차주식회사 진공 고압주조 방법 및 진공 고압주조용 금형 장치

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190114146A (en) * 1901-07-11 1902-06-25 Alfred Julius Boult Improvements in or relating to the Fusion of Hardened or Metallic Masses by a Flame Jet, particularly applicable to Blast or other Furnaces
GB190500419A (en) * 1904-01-11 1905-11-02 Coeln Muesener Bergwerks Actie Improved Method of Avoiding or Filling Up Blow-holes and like Flaws in Castings.

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190114146A (en) * 1901-07-11 1902-06-25 Alfred Julius Boult Improvements in or relating to the Fusion of Hardened or Metallic Masses by a Flame Jet, particularly applicable to Blast or other Furnaces
GB190500419A (en) * 1904-01-11 1905-11-02 Coeln Muesener Bergwerks Actie Improved Method of Avoiding or Filling Up Blow-holes and like Flaws in Castings.

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3779304A (en) * 1971-07-13 1973-12-18 Nippon Light Metal Co Injection gate system
DE2517140A1 (de) * 1974-04-19 1975-11-20 Nippon Light Metal Co Druckgussverfahren
FR2338759A1 (fr) * 1976-01-26 1977-08-19 Int Lead Zinc Res Procede et appareil pour le moulage sans pores en coquille
US4085791A (en) * 1976-01-26 1978-04-25 International Lead Zinc Research Organization, Inc. Method of pore-free die casting
US3999593A (en) * 1976-02-19 1976-12-28 International Lead Zinc Research Organization, Inc. Method and apparatus for pore-free die casting
US4574867A (en) * 1984-08-27 1986-03-11 Thompson William E Trapped gas reduction in die castings
EP1034863A1 (de) * 1999-03-05 2000-09-13 Alusuisse Technology & Management AG Verfahren zum Druckgiessen von Leichtmetallen
US6308766B1 (en) * 1999-03-05 2001-10-30 Alusuisse Technology & Management Ltd. Process for die-casting light-weight metals
US20090038720A1 (en) * 2004-12-23 2009-02-12 Roger Neil Lumley Heat Treatment of Aluminium Alloy High Pressure Die Castings
US8409374B2 (en) 2004-12-23 2013-04-02 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation Heat treatment of aluminium alloy high pressure die castings
JP2012125839A (ja) * 2010-11-24 2012-07-05 Toshiba Mach Co Ltd 品質管理装置及びダイカストマシン
US20130255902A1 (en) * 2010-11-24 2013-10-03 Toshiba Kikai Kabushiki Kaisha Quality management device and die-cast molding machine
US9132477B2 (en) * 2010-11-24 2015-09-15 Toshiba Kikai Kabushiki Kaisha Quality management device and die-cast molding machine
JP2012254464A (ja) * 2011-06-08 2012-12-27 Honda Motor Co Ltd 無孔性ダイカスト用金型装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1558261B1 (de) 1971-04-08
GB1183468A (en) 1970-03-04
NL135443C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE700678A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1967-12-01
NL6708121A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1968-01-02
SE314481B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-09-08

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