US3354593A - Concrete beamless building construction - Google Patents

Concrete beamless building construction Download PDF

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Publication number
US3354593A
US3354593A US336175A US33617564A US3354593A US 3354593 A US3354593 A US 3354593A US 336175 A US336175 A US 336175A US 33617564 A US33617564 A US 33617564A US 3354593 A US3354593 A US 3354593A
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Prior art keywords
slabs
cantilever
column
columns
sections
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US336175A
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Zukas Simon Ber
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/20—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material
    • E04B1/21—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/20—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material
    • E04B1/21—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B1/215—Connections specially adapted therefor comprising metallic plates or parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/35—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/43—Floor structures of extraordinary design; Features relating to the elastic stability; Floor structures specially designed for resting on columns only, e.g. mushroom floors

Definitions

  • the invention consists, specifically in a system of building construction for beamless structures comprising columns made up of precast concrete sections joined end to end and of precast concrete slabs, the slabs comprising one series (hereinafter called cantilever slabs) supported directly by the column sections and providing cantilever supports for a second series of slabs (hereinafter called bridging slabs) spanning the gaps between adjacent cantilever slabs and framing rectangularly openings each closed by an in-filling slab.
  • the column sections are of uniform cross-section throughout their length except that their upper ends are rebated to provide seatings for the cantilever slabs which are cast with central holes of smaller cross-section than the column sections and are provided with reinforcing bars through the said holes.
  • Each column section is rendered monolithic with a cantilever slab by grouting of the cavity defined by the central hole therein.
  • the column sections and the slabs can be pre-cast in the workshop and be transported to the building site or can be precast on the site. It is, of course, advantageous to have as small a number of different sizes of column sections and slabs as possible. The dimensions of these depend, naturally, on the height between successive floors of the structure and the spacing of the columns. If the columns have a square pitch, i.e., are disposed at the corners of squares, the slabs can be all of the same size. That, however, is not essential.
  • the cantilever slabs can be made all of the same size, the bridging slabs all of the same dilferent size and the in-filling slabs of the same but still different size.
  • the size of the slabs is governed largely by the lifting apparatus which is availa- Y ble at the building site.
  • the invention finds its greatest utility in the construction of structures of moderate size in which the spacing of the column is, say, from 12 to 16 feet. In that case, slabs of a uniform size of 6* to 8 feet square can be used, each weighing approximately to 2 tons and presenting no great lifting problem.
  • the columns can, of course, have a rectangular (nonsquare) pitch.
  • the cantilever slabs are most usefully made square and the other slabs are suitably elongated.
  • the cantilever slabs are made square with a side length of to 7 of the pitch of the columns.
  • the under side of the slabs can provide a completely flat surface extending from column to column.
  • the slabs are rebated at their peripheries to provide scarf joints; the floors formed by the slabs having level upper and under faces.
  • the cantilever slabs and the columns can be subjected temporarily to uneven loading.
  • This can be avoided, however, by a method of assembling the columns and slabs which consists in lowering each cantilever slab on to the end of a column section, temporaly supporting it at each of its corners, lowering the bridging slabs on to the cantilever slabs while the latter are so supported and lowering the in-filling sla'bs on to the cantilever and bridging slabs, this operation being repeated for the construction of each successive floor.
  • the temporary supports are in the form of tie rods formed of two lengths connected together by turn'buckles enabling their overall length to be adjusted.
  • FIGURE 2 is a perspective underneath plan of part of the building
  • FIGURE 3 shows a joint between a column and a cantilever slab
  • FIGURE 4 illustrates diagrammatically a'method of assembling the columns and slabs
  • FIGURES 5 and 6 are sections taken respectively on the lines VV and VIVI in FIGURE 1;
  • FIGURE 7 shows the detail of a joint between two slabs
  • FIGURE 8 illustrates a corner of a floor bay.
  • the building has a series of columns 10- which are disposed to form a rectangular grid.
  • the four columns shown are at the corners of a square.
  • Each column 10 directly supports a cantilever slab A which projects laterally from it in all directions.
  • the gaps, between the cantilever slabs A along the axes of the grid are spanned by a series of bridging slabs B, and the gap framed by a set of four bridging slabs B is closed by an in-filling slab C.
  • the columns 10 extend throughout the height of the building, floors being provided at desired levels, as shown in FIGURE 3, which illustrates one particular form of joint between a column and a cantilever slab.
  • the column shown in FIGURE 3 is made up of a series of pre-cast concentrate sections 12. Each section is of uniform cross-section along its length and is provided at the top end with a periperal rebate 13. Each section is also provided at each end with sleeves 14 defining holes for the reception of splice bars 16.
  • Each cantilever slab A is rectangular in plan square as shown. It is precast in concrete with a central rectangular hole 18 so that the slab can be seated on the column rebate 13. The hole 18 tapers upwards.
  • the slab has a bar reinforcement 20 in the region of its upper surface running in both directions across the hole 18.
  • the slab A is first placed in position on the top of the lower column section 12. Then four splice bars 16 are passed down between the reinforcement bars, are grouted, and the hole 18 filled with concrete. To complete the joint, the upper column length 12 is lowered .on to the splice bars 16 and is grouted in position, grout holes 22 and blow holes 24 being provided for this purpose.
  • each splice bar 16 can be provided, as shown, with a steel washer 26 which rests on the top of the slab.
  • FIGURE 4 illustrates a very convenient method of assembling the slabs to form ,a floor, four phases I, II, III and IV being shown.
  • a lower floor has been completed and a cantilever slab A is being lowered into position on to a column section 12 as explained in connection with FIG- URE 3.
  • Each of the slabs has passing through it, near each of its corners, a tie rod 28 provided with a pair of stops 30, the slabs being formed with holes 31 at their corners as shown in FIGURE 1.
  • the slab A having been set on the column, the tie rods 28 are connected together by turnbuckles 32 as shown at phase II. By adjustment of the turnbuckles, the slab can be accurately levelled and be held firmly in position until the joint between it and the lower column length 12 is completed in a later operation.
  • the next operation is to lower the bridging slabs B into position, in which they rest on the cantilever slabs, which is illustrated at phase III.
  • the cantilever slabs A are held firmly in position by the tie rods 28 in spite of the uneven loading of those slabs.
  • the placing in position of the in-filling slab C presents no problem and is not illustrated in FIGURE 4.
  • phase IV the new floor is completed and has received a new column section 12 so that the construction of a further floor can be stated at phase I.
  • the turnbuckles 32 are removed, the upper tie rods 28 are left hanging by their stops 30, and the lower tie rods 28 are removed and they or another set of tie rods are passed through and left hanging from the new cantilever slab A to be assembled.
  • the procedure from that point onwards is as described in connection with phase I.
  • the tie rods and turnbuckles are repeatedly used and only a relatively small number of them need be provided.
  • the stops 30, can be removed from the tie rods; or they can be collapsible so that they can, when desired, be passed through the holes in the slabs; or the stops can be permanent and the holes in the slabs so shaped that the rods can be withdrawn by rotating them a half turn.
  • the cantilever slabs A may be permanently unevenly loaded at those columns which define the outside of the building. That uneven loading can be balanced by special reinforcement in the columns and by the collars 26 provided .on the vertical splice bars as shown in FIGURE 3. In any event, it is advisable to reinforce each column length so that it acts as a vertical cantilever anchored at its base.
  • FIGURES and 6 show respectively the joints between the cantilever slabs A and the bridging slabs B and the joints between the in-filling slabs C and the bridging slabs B. All these joints are scarf joints.
  • the cantilever slabs are similarly rebated in their upper surfaces shown at 36 along their four edges.
  • the bridging slabs are rebated in their lower surfaces as shown at 38 along the two opposite edges which are alongside the cantilever slabs so that the bridging slabs rest on the cantilever slabs.
  • the depth of rebating is such that the floor formed by the slabs has level upper and under surfaces.
  • This system for building construction can be employed for the ground floor or base from which a building rises, the columns supporting the floor or base then being piles stuck into the ground; this is especially applicable to the smaller types of buildings, such as single or two storey private dwellings and it replaces conventional foundations of the kind involving trench excavation and the placing of footings.
  • the building may rise in the same manner as is described above using columns, cantilever slabs, bridging slabs and in-filling slabs.
  • a base or raft constructed by a method embodying the invention and to construct the rest of the building in some other manner for example a conventional masonry and timber structure.
  • each column consisting of precast sections having an upper and a lower end, the upper end of each column section being joined to the lower end of a succeeding one of the column sections, and
  • each column section being of uniform crosssection throughout the length thereof but being rebated at the upper end;
  • each cantilever slab being precast with a central hole of smaller cross-section than the crosssection of the column sections
  • each cantilever slab being rendered monolithic with an associated one of the column sections by said grouting;

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
US336175A 1963-01-10 1964-01-07 Concrete beamless building construction Expired - Lifetime US3354593A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1191/63A GB1045331A (en) 1963-01-10 1963-01-10 Improvements in or relating to building construction

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Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3477080A (en) * 1962-06-01 1969-11-11 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag Elevated highway structures of prestressed concrete
US3490191A (en) * 1966-09-28 1970-01-20 Ingf Hans Hansson & Co Method for erecting buildings
US3594971A (en) * 1969-06-26 1971-07-27 John K Hughes Building construction and components thereof
US3710527A (en) * 1971-02-09 1973-01-16 J Farebrother Multi-storey buildings
US3722159A (en) * 1971-10-27 1973-03-27 S Kessler Prefabricated concrete structure
US3788012A (en) * 1972-02-22 1974-01-29 Arnold Ass Inc Modular building structure elements of slabs with central support posts
US3948008A (en) * 1973-06-25 1976-04-06 Werner Goetz Prefabricated structural element, especially balcony element
US3971181A (en) * 1974-04-04 1976-07-27 Lev Zetlin Beamless floor and roof structure
US4001992A (en) * 1975-03-20 1977-01-11 Ola Bergqvist Ab Reinforcement means
US4068420A (en) * 1970-11-27 1978-01-17 Unicon Parking Structures, Inc. Demountable multiple level building structures
US4104844A (en) * 1973-09-06 1978-08-08 William Clinton Reid Method of erecting a building construction
FR2415174A1 (fr) * 1978-01-18 1979-08-17 Cogi Preba Element d'ossature pour constructions par composants et procede de construction
US4282690A (en) * 1979-08-23 1981-08-11 Meheen H Joe Precast building construction
US4528793A (en) * 1982-12-17 1985-07-16 Johnson Delp W Method of constructing precast concrete building with ductile concrete frame
US4598515A (en) * 1977-02-10 1986-07-08 Silvio Diana Pre-cast building structure
US4942708A (en) * 1988-11-23 1990-07-24 Wenger Corporation Panel assembly and support structure for elevated floors
US5218802A (en) * 1990-01-16 1993-06-15 Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd. Column and beam connecting assembly
NL1025567C2 (nl) * 2003-05-15 2005-01-05 Denys Nv Werkwijze voor het bouwen van een tunnel onder een rijweg en welfsel daarbij toegepast.
US20090151301A1 (en) * 2006-03-01 2009-06-18 Rizzotton, John Multi-story building connector system and method
FR2937351A1 (fr) * 2008-10-16 2010-04-23 Kp1 Systeme constructif en beton arme ou precontraint
WO2010151539A1 (en) * 2009-06-22 2010-12-29 Barnet Liberman Modular building system for constructing multi-story buildings
US20180282993A1 (en) * 2017-03-30 2018-10-04 Nandy Sarda Precast concrete building elements and assemblies thereof, and related methods
US10094101B1 (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-10-09 Mohammad Omar A. Jazzar Precast concrete system with rapid assembly formwork
US20180355600A1 (en) * 2014-03-04 2018-12-13 Dongguan Shixi Intelligent Machine Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Building structure and construction method for same
US10260224B1 (en) * 2017-12-29 2019-04-16 Mohammad Omar A. Jazzar Simplified precast concrete system with rapid assembly formwork
US20190119900A1 (en) * 2017-10-20 2019-04-25 Ruentex Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd. Construction method for a building
US11959270B1 (en) * 2021-04-16 2024-04-16 Morse Distribution, Inc. Stud rail systems and methods for use in reinforced concrete structures

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3724157A (en) * 1971-04-16 1973-04-03 O Miram Method of multi-level building construction
FR2572107B1 (fr) * 1984-10-23 1987-08-07 Borg Paul Systeme de construction prefabriquee
EP0210116A1 (fr) * 1985-06-18 1987-01-28 Paul Borg Système de construction préfabriquée, élément et moule pour sa mise en oeuvre
EP0867571A1 (de) * 1997-03-28 1998-09-30 Volker Rudolph Halbfertigdeckenelement auf der Stahlbetonstütze einer Flachdecke

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US998479A (en) * 1909-12-02 1911-07-18 Theodore Augustus Eisen Building.
US1516074A (en) * 1922-10-16 1924-11-18 Fredrik G Borg Concrete building construction
US2618146A (en) * 1945-12-28 1952-11-18 Ciarlini Luigi Reinforced concrete column, bracket, and beam joint
US2748954A (en) * 1955-03-28 1956-06-05 John E Murren Shelving
US3136092A (en) * 1960-12-05 1964-06-09 Tishman Res Corp Prefabricated concrete parking structure or the like

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US998479A (en) * 1909-12-02 1911-07-18 Theodore Augustus Eisen Building.
US1516074A (en) * 1922-10-16 1924-11-18 Fredrik G Borg Concrete building construction
US2618146A (en) * 1945-12-28 1952-11-18 Ciarlini Luigi Reinforced concrete column, bracket, and beam joint
US2748954A (en) * 1955-03-28 1956-06-05 John E Murren Shelving
US3136092A (en) * 1960-12-05 1964-06-09 Tishman Res Corp Prefabricated concrete parking structure or the like

Cited By (34)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3477080A (en) * 1962-06-01 1969-11-11 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag Elevated highway structures of prestressed concrete
US3490191A (en) * 1966-09-28 1970-01-20 Ingf Hans Hansson & Co Method for erecting buildings
US3594971A (en) * 1969-06-26 1971-07-27 John K Hughes Building construction and components thereof
US4068420A (en) * 1970-11-27 1978-01-17 Unicon Parking Structures, Inc. Demountable multiple level building structures
US3710527A (en) * 1971-02-09 1973-01-16 J Farebrother Multi-storey buildings
US3722159A (en) * 1971-10-27 1973-03-27 S Kessler Prefabricated concrete structure
US3788012A (en) * 1972-02-22 1974-01-29 Arnold Ass Inc Modular building structure elements of slabs with central support posts
US3948008A (en) * 1973-06-25 1976-04-06 Werner Goetz Prefabricated structural element, especially balcony element
US4104844A (en) * 1973-09-06 1978-08-08 William Clinton Reid Method of erecting a building construction
US3971181A (en) * 1974-04-04 1976-07-27 Lev Zetlin Beamless floor and roof structure
US4001992A (en) * 1975-03-20 1977-01-11 Ola Bergqvist Ab Reinforcement means
US4598515A (en) * 1977-02-10 1986-07-08 Silvio Diana Pre-cast building structure
FR2415174A1 (fr) * 1978-01-18 1979-08-17 Cogi Preba Element d'ossature pour constructions par composants et procede de construction
US4282690A (en) * 1979-08-23 1981-08-11 Meheen H Joe Precast building construction
US4528793A (en) * 1982-12-17 1985-07-16 Johnson Delp W Method of constructing precast concrete building with ductile concrete frame
US4942708A (en) * 1988-11-23 1990-07-24 Wenger Corporation Panel assembly and support structure for elevated floors
US5218802A (en) * 1990-01-16 1993-06-15 Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd. Column and beam connecting assembly
NL1025567C2 (nl) * 2003-05-15 2005-01-05 Denys Nv Werkwijze voor het bouwen van een tunnel onder een rijweg en welfsel daarbij toegepast.
BE1015517A3 (nl) * 2003-05-15 2005-05-03 Denys Nv Werkwijze voor het bouwen van een tunnel onder een rijweg en welfsel daarbij toegepast.
US20090151301A1 (en) * 2006-03-01 2009-06-18 Rizzotton, John Multi-story building connector system and method
FR2937351A1 (fr) * 2008-10-16 2010-04-23 Kp1 Systeme constructif en beton arme ou precontraint
US9243398B2 (en) 2009-06-22 2016-01-26 Barnet L. Liberman Modular building system for constructing multi-story buildings
US8919058B2 (en) 2009-06-22 2014-12-30 Barnet L. Liberman Modular building system for constructing multi-story buildings
WO2010151539A1 (en) * 2009-06-22 2010-12-29 Barnet Liberman Modular building system for constructing multi-story buildings
US20180355600A1 (en) * 2014-03-04 2018-12-13 Dongguan Shixi Intelligent Machine Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Building structure and construction method for same
US10837166B2 (en) * 2014-03-04 2020-11-17 Dongguan Shixi Intelligent Machine Manufacturing Co. Ltd. Building structure and construction method for same
US20180282993A1 (en) * 2017-03-30 2018-10-04 Nandy Sarda Precast concrete building elements and assemblies thereof, and related methods
US10106973B1 (en) * 2017-03-30 2018-10-23 Nandy Sarda Precast concrete building elements and assemblies thereof, and related methods
US10106972B1 (en) * 2017-03-30 2018-10-23 Nandy Sarda Precast concrete building elements and assemblies thereof, and related methods
US10760260B2 (en) * 2017-10-20 2020-09-01 Ruentex Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd. Construction method for a building
US20190119900A1 (en) * 2017-10-20 2019-04-25 Ruentex Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd. Construction method for a building
US10094101B1 (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-10-09 Mohammad Omar A. Jazzar Precast concrete system with rapid assembly formwork
US10260224B1 (en) * 2017-12-29 2019-04-16 Mohammad Omar A. Jazzar Simplified precast concrete system with rapid assembly formwork
US11959270B1 (en) * 2021-04-16 2024-04-16 Morse Distribution, Inc. Stud rail systems and methods for use in reinforced concrete structures

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Publication number Publication date
BE642388A (da)
GB1045331A (en) 1966-10-12
NL302877A (da)

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