US3352285A - Apparatus for applying ring-shaped markings to electric current conductors - Google Patents

Apparatus for applying ring-shaped markings to electric current conductors Download PDF

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Publication number
US3352285A
US3352285A US446065A US44606565A US3352285A US 3352285 A US3352285 A US 3352285A US 446065 A US446065 A US 446065A US 44606565 A US44606565 A US 44606565A US 3352285 A US3352285 A US 3352285A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
conductor
color
particles
electrodes
voltage
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US446065A
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English (en)
Inventor
Buhmann Gunther
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International Standard Electric Corp
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International Standard Electric Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by International Standard Electric Corp filed Critical International Standard Electric Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/34—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables for marking conductors or cables
    • H01B13/345—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables for marking conductors or cables by spraying, ejecting or dispensing marking fluid
    • H01B13/347—Electrostatic deflection of the fluid jets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/08—Plant for applying liquids or other fluent materials to objects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/08—Plant for applying liquids or other fluent materials to objects
    • B05B5/14—Plant for applying liquids or other fluent materials to objects specially adapted for coating continuously moving elongated bodies, e.g. wires, strips, pipes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44D—PAINTING OR ARTISTIC DRAWING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PRESERVING PAINTINGS; SURFACE TREATMENT TO OBTAIN SPECIAL ARTISTIC SURFACE EFFECTS OR FINISHES
    • B44D3/00—Accessories or implements for use in connection with painting or artistic drawing, not otherwise provided for; Methods or devices for colour determination, selection, or synthesis, e.g. use of colour tables
    • B44D3/22—Implements or apparatus for special techniques, e.g. for painting lines, for pouring varnish; Batik pencils
    • B44D3/225—Instruments or apparatus for painting lines

Definitions

  • the present invention deals with the colored or contrasting identification of electric current conductors.
  • electric current conductors is intended to refer to bare conductors as well as to insulated conductors.
  • the invention is of a particular importance to the marking or identification of insulated conductors whose insulation consists of plastic materials. These plastic materials may include such ones as vinylpolymers. However, it is also possible to use polyolefins, hence e.g. polyethylene or polypropylene.
  • the present invention proposes a method of effecting the continuous, especially high-speed color coding (marking, identification) of a bare or insulated electric current conductor with the aid of an electrostatic precipitation of a sprayed or vaporized (atomized) color mixture and/ or color solution (ink solution) along a path traversed by the conductor.
  • the precipitation is kept in a suspended condition with a highvoltage difference existing between the e.g. grounded conductor and the electrode preferably surrounding the conductor in a ring-shaped manner.
  • This method is particularly characterized in that for producing a succession of colored code rings of sufficiently sharp contours, the ring surrounding the conductor as an electrode, is very short, and is provided with conducting spikes directed towards the inside and to the passing conductor, and that the high voltage producing the electric wind at the spikes towards the radially and inwardly directed acceleration of the color particles, produces a succession of impulses, preferably of rectangular impulses, and is thus effective, and whose timed relation is adjustable for adjusting the spaced relation, depending on the pulse spacing, of the marking or color-code rings on the conductor.
  • the code marking rings will have to have a small spaced relation, and the pulse repetition rate of frequency will have to be slowed down in cases where a greater spaced relation is desirable, hence, in other words, the time elapsing between the individual pulses will have to be extended.
  • pulses with steep as possible edges hence above all the so-called rectangular pulses.
  • the vaporized (atomized) or sprayed color particles are slowly led to the spikes of the ring-shaped electrode within a suitable tubular guide member.
  • the invention method may be further embodied in that for the purpose of increasing the thickness of the color code applied by one electrode, several such electrodes can be arranged and operated by being disposed coaxially in series.
  • the electrodes arranged at an equally spaced relation are electrically connected to one another, and are acted upon by the high-voltage pulses.
  • the insulated conductor enters the arrangement at the first electrode and is there provided with its first relatively thin color code during the time of the. impulse.
  • the conductor is advanced by a small length, and, by the action of a further pulse, is supplied or coated with color particle's upon reaching the second annular electrode.
  • the first annular electrode and by the action of the same pulse, there is ettected the first color application of the next annular code marking.
  • the color application under the second ring or annular electrode is naturally already relatively more intensive.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows one such color coded conductor.
  • the insulated or bare conductor 1 carries on its surface 2 the annular markings (color codes) 3.
  • the length of the annular marking is designated by the reference S and the spacing between the annular markings is designated by the reference 5
  • the entire section consisting of S and S is indicated by the reference a.
  • the non-coded sections of the conductor will remain free from color particles. For this reason it is a necessity to reliably prevent the color particles which are in the suspended state, from being applied to the conductor surface during a time in which a high-voltage pulse is not effective. Since the color particles also retain their charge after termination of a high-voltage pulse, and are thus ionized, it is necessary to apply a potential difference during the time in which no pulse is effective, to the conductor on one hand, and to the annular electrode provided with spikes, on the other hand, thus causing the suspending and charged color particles to reverse their direc tion of movement towards the conductor, or at least to cause them to come momentarily to a standstill.
  • the trend of the charged color particles is directed away from the conductor, and the particles are merely transported to the conductor during the time in which the correspondingly high voltage pulse is caused to act upon the conductor.
  • the invention is further embodied in that between the electrodes provided withthe spikes which, of course, may be combined to form one unit by employing a tube (tubular section), and the passing conductor, there is arranged a mask (template), as shown in FIG. 2.
  • This mask has the shape of a tube provided with cuttings or indentations arranged at a spaced relation corresponding to that of the annular code markings.
  • the length of the individual tubular sections corresponds to the length of the sections not to be provided with color codes on the conductor, as shown in FIG. 1 at point S
  • the spacings existing between the tubular sections correspond to about the length of the annular code marking shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 this inventive arrangement is shown in a schematic representation.
  • the conductor 1 is passed through the metal cylinder 6 provided with the spike ringsS. Closely above the conductor 1 there is arranged a tubular mask 7. It will beeasily recognized that the spikes, the slots of the mask, and the annular code markings are in one plane on the conductor, or are arranged symmetrically in relation thereto, respectively.
  • the vaporized color spray is substantially supplied within the tubular electrode 4.
  • the application of the vaporized color spray may also be effected in that the points of the spikes are provided with concentrical bores (holes) 13 thus acting as atomizer nozzles for supplying the vaporized (atomized) spray from the outside therethrough to the points of the spikes, and is there seized by the electric wind.
  • the supply of vaporized spray may also -be accomplished in that borings 14 are provided next to the basis of the spikes in the tubular electrode, so that the vaporized spray will be applied from the outside through these borings into the tubular electrode, for being seized by the electric wind at the sides of the spikes.
  • the tubular mask 7 in FIG. 3 may consist of an insulating material. To this end it is advisable to use e.g. polytetrafiuoroethylene which is highly resistant to heat and solvents. In cases where the mask is made of an insulating material, the electric field driving the stream or flow of color particles, may be focused.
  • the mask 7 in FIG. 3 may also consist of metal, and may be electrically charged similar to the grid of an amplifier tube. This charge may have an opposite polarity to the charge of the vaporized color particles. In this case the vaporized spray particles would be accelerated.
  • the charge of the metal mask may also correspond to that of the color particles, so that then the color particles would be repelled. In this way it can be accomplished that the vaporized color spray particles are moved from the spikes, in a pilgrim-step manner, in direction towards the conductor, in other words, that the vaporized color spray particles are moved once comparably to longitudinal units in direction towards the conductor, and then by each time one unit in the backward direction.
  • the necessary pulse frequency would be 400 c.p.s.
  • the pulses should have a rectangular waveform according to FIG. 4.
  • the width b of the pulses should correspond to the width of the ring S
  • the pulse interval a should correspond to the non-colored conductor section S
  • the pulse voltage U should be as high as possible in order that the vaporized color particles can be applied as quickly as possible to the conductor surface at the desired time position. 0n the other hand, it must be avoided that color is applied to the conductor during the remaining time between the pulses. This is best effected by way of a polarity reversal, in that an opposite D.C. high voltage U is superimposed upon the pulse voltage. An arrangement for producing these voltages is shown in FIG.
  • the generator 8 produces the rectangular pulses which are stepped up to a high voltage with the aid of the transformer 9. This high voltage is then applied on the secondary side to the conductor 1 which is grounded at point 12, whereas the harmonic voltage side, as already described hereinbefore, may be applied to the spike electrodes or the metallic tubular mask respectively.
  • a D.C. source 10 is arranged in such a way that both voltages are superpositioned.
  • the voltage U which, according to FIG. 4, is applied between the high-voltage pulses, has an opposite sign with respect to the now effective pulse amplitude U and thus prevents the color particles from being deposited on the surface of the conductor.
  • Apparatus for providing continuous high speed annular color coding of a conductor comprising means to move said conductor along a predetermined path, a tube member coaxial with said conductor, spray producing means to introduce particles of coloring matter into said tube and surrounding said conductor, a plurality of tubular sections spaced apart a distance equal to the width of the color code, said tubular sections being disposed within said tube member and surrounding said conductor to mask portions of said conductor not to be color coded, a plurality of electrodes for charging said particles and means to provide a potential difference between said tube and said conductor for deposition of said particles on the surface of said conductor, said electrodes being disposed on the inside surface of said tube member, each electrode comprising a group of tapered members annularly disposed and each having channels radially directed towards said conductor through which said colored material is introduced within said tube member, each said electrode being disposed adjacent a space between said tubular sections.
  • Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said means to provide a potential difference comprise pulse generating means and means connecting the output of said pulse generating means to said electrodes and said conductor.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
  • Duplication Or Marking (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
US446065A 1964-06-12 1965-04-06 Apparatus for applying ring-shaped markings to electric current conductors Expired - Lifetime US3352285A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEST022248 1964-06-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3352285A true US3352285A (en) 1967-11-14

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ID=7459289

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US446065A Expired - Lifetime US3352285A (en) 1964-06-12 1965-04-06 Apparatus for applying ring-shaped markings to electric current conductors

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US3352285A (de)
AT (1) AT280384B (de)
BE (1) BE665362A (de)
CH (1) CH448201A (de)
DE (1) DE1590552A1 (de)
DK (1) DK115560B (de)
GB (1) GB1061825A (de)
IL (1) IL23299A (de)
LU (1) LU48691A1 (de)
NL (1) NL6507593A (de)
NO (1) NO122080B (de)
SE (1) SE305480B (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3735925A (en) * 1970-07-31 1973-05-29 G Benedek Method and device for electrostatic spraying of material
US4011832A (en) * 1975-02-26 1977-03-15 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Build control for fluidized bed wire coating
US20090095398A1 (en) * 2007-10-11 2009-04-16 Hardin William K Method and system for applying labels to armored cable and the like
US11031157B1 (en) 2013-08-23 2021-06-08 Southwire Company, Llc System and method of printing indicia onto armored cable

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU121161A1 (ru) * 1958-01-17 1958-11-30 Н.А. Басов Способ отличительной раскраски проводов
DE1125026B (de) * 1956-07-13 1962-03-08 Siemens Ag Anordnung zur Oberflaechen-Faerbung kunststoffisolierter elektrischer Leiter
DE1134129B (de) * 1959-10-15 1962-08-02 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Kennzeichnung von vorzugsweise mit thermoplastischen Stoffen isolierten elektrischen Leitern durch in Abstaenden mittels Spritzduesen hergestellte Farbzeichen

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1125026B (de) * 1956-07-13 1962-03-08 Siemens Ag Anordnung zur Oberflaechen-Faerbung kunststoffisolierter elektrischer Leiter
SU121161A1 (ru) * 1958-01-17 1958-11-30 Н.А. Басов Способ отличительной раскраски проводов
DE1134129B (de) * 1959-10-15 1962-08-02 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Kennzeichnung von vorzugsweise mit thermoplastischen Stoffen isolierten elektrischen Leitern durch in Abstaenden mittels Spritzduesen hergestellte Farbzeichen

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3735925A (en) * 1970-07-31 1973-05-29 G Benedek Method and device for electrostatic spraying of material
US4011832A (en) * 1975-02-26 1977-03-15 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Build control for fluidized bed wire coating
US20090095398A1 (en) * 2007-10-11 2009-04-16 Hardin William K Method and system for applying labels to armored cable and the like
US8347533B2 (en) 2007-10-11 2013-01-08 Southwire Company Machine applied labels to armored cable
US8540836B1 (en) 2007-10-11 2013-09-24 Southwire Corporation Method for applying coded labels to cable
US9070308B2 (en) 2007-10-11 2015-06-30 Southwire Company, Llc Labeled armored electrical cable
US11031157B1 (en) 2013-08-23 2021-06-08 Southwire Company, Llc System and method of printing indicia onto armored cable
US11670438B2 (en) 2013-08-23 2023-06-06 Southwire Company, Llc System and method of printing indicia onto armored cable
US12381021B2 (en) 2013-08-23 2025-08-05 Southwire Company, Llc System and method of printing indicia onto armored cable

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH448201A (de) 1967-12-15
GB1061825A (en) 1967-03-15
DE1590552A1 (de) 1969-09-04
SE305480B (de) 1968-10-28
NO122080B (de) 1971-05-18
IL23299A (en) 1968-09-26
BE665362A (de) 1965-12-14
DK115560B (da) 1969-10-20
AT280384B (de) 1970-04-10
NL6507593A (de) 1965-12-13
LU48691A1 (de) 1965-07-26

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