US3348779A - Method and apparatus for comminuting materials - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for comminuting materials Download PDF

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US3348779A
US3348779A US401191A US40119164A US3348779A US 3348779 A US3348779 A US 3348779A US 401191 A US401191 A US 401191A US 40119164 A US40119164 A US 40119164A US 3348779 A US3348779 A US 3348779A
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vanes
periphery
chamber
stream
gas
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Norwood H Andrews
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Priority to NO159746A priority patent/NO122509B/no
Priority to ES0317770A priority patent/ES317770A1/es
Priority to GB41209/65A priority patent/GB1098546A/en
Priority to DEA50350A priority patent/DE1296953B/de
Priority to NL6512755A priority patent/NL6512755A/xx
Priority to FR33362A priority patent/FR1456979A/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/0012—Devices for disintegrating materials by collision of these materials against a breaking surface or breaking body and/or by friction between the material particles (also for grain)
    • B02C19/0043—Devices for disintegrating materials by collision of these materials against a breaking surface or breaking body and/or by friction between the material particles (also for grain) the materials to be pulverised being projected against a breaking surface or breaking body by a pressurised fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/10—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft and axial flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/06—Jet mills

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved method and apparatus for comminuting materials. More particularly, this invention relates to an improved method and means of reducing a wide variety of pulverant materials to extremely fine sizes using a re-entrant circulatory stream together with jets of high pressure gaseous fluid.
  • fluid energy grinding mills may be classified in terms of'the nature of the mill action.
  • the fluid energy is admitted in fine high velocity streams at an angle around a portion or all of the periphery of a grinding and classifying chamber.
  • the fluid streams convey the particles at high velocity into a chamber where at least two streams impact upon each other. This invention relates to the former class of mill.
  • the present invention relates to a pulverizer for subsieve grinding such as is described in Patent 2,032,827 which describes the basic principles of a jet pulverizer of the re-entrant circulatory type.
  • Patent 2,032,827 describes the basic principles of a jet pulverizer of the re-entrant circulatory type.
  • the present invention is most readily applicable to those types of pulverizers as exemplified by Patent 2,032,827, the principles can also be applied to those forms of re-entrant circulatory stream pulverizers as exemplified by FIGURE 6 in Patent 2,219,011.
  • the type of pulverizer being discussed operates on the general principle of causing coarse material to circulate about the outer periphery of a confined gas stream, then causing the material to be picked up and projected at an angle into the stream by a jet or jets positioned adjacent the outer periphery.
  • FIGURE shows the use of a restricted configuration for the purpose of improving the efliciency of comminuting.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a jet stream pulverizer that is capable of producing in commercial quantities, particle sizes below that now considered economically practical.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a jet stream pulverizer which effectually controls and, with many materials, eliminates the random oversized particles usually obtained in these types of mills.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide a pulverizer which is capable of reducing many materials to sizes hereto-fore considered impractical due to the build-up of cake or accumulated masses within the mill.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a method and appartus to substantially maintain the velocity of the circulating stream independent of slight increased variation in feed.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a pulverizer which concentrates more feed material in the jet stream.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide a jet stream pulverizer that more efficiently causes 7 partially ground particles to re-enter the jet stream.
  • FIGURE '1 is a longitudinal sectional view of one form of the present invention.
  • FIGURE 2 is a transverse sectional view of the embodiment shown in FIGURE 1 taken along the line 2-2.
  • FIGURE 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of another form of the present invention.
  • FIGURE 4 is a transverse sectional view of the inventive form shown in FIGURE 3 taken along the line 44.
  • FIGURE 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of another modification of the present invention.
  • FIGURE 6 is a transverse sectional view of the embodiment shown in FIGURE 5 taken along the line 6-6.
  • FIGURE 7 is a sectional View of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGURE 8 is a transverse sectional View of the embodiment shown in FIGURE 7 taken along the line 88.
  • FIGURE 9 is a sectional view illustrating still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGURE 10 is a sectional view illustrating yet another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGURE 11 is a sectional view of an embodiment similar to the one shown in FIGURE 1 with a modified arrangement of the injector, taken along the line 11-11 of FIGURE 1'.
  • gaseous energy there are two types in the re-entrant circulatory type of pulverizer.
  • One form of gaseous energy is represented by the jet streams, which are of a very high energy concentration.
  • the other forms of gaseous energy is represented by the expanded gasses resulting from the jet streams and circulating as a stream of relatively low energy. It is important to note that it is thelow energy gas stream that is depended upon to circulate material to be ground and partially ground materials into the jets and yet have a high enough energy to classify the material to the desired particle size. Consequently, any design of a jet stream mill that improves the efiiciency of the circulatory gasses will improve their material-carrying capacity and hence provide a greater efiiciency in loading the jets, as well as improving the efficiency of classification.
  • Patent 2,376,747 represents a type of pulverizer which is directed to a reduction of the friction on the circulating stream.
  • the mill represented by Patent 2,376,- 747 suffers from several serious handicaps. In particular, it is very difiicult to maintain the extremely close clearance between the rotating bottom plate and the angular floor ring necessary for successful operation. And with the necessary gas pressure on the underside of the rotating fioor plate, as mentioned in the specification, any but the closest clearance causes an extreme amount of gas to flow up into the grinding chamber to the. detriment of the grinding as well as to the classifying of the material.
  • the two main principles of this invention are (1) the substitution of mechanical means for a large portion of the energy of accelerating the distribution and mixing of feed material with the re-circulated material'in the re-entrant circulatory stream, and (2) mechanical means for maintaining in the peripheral portion of the grinding chamber a higher velocity of the re-entrant circulatory stream by either or both direct physical contact with the material or by the increase in the velocity of the gas supporting the circulating stream of material as it causes the material to approach the jets.
  • Patent 2,032,827 gives some indication of gas velocities in an empty mill in order to illustrate the general type of flow, but it does not indicate the velocity of the various parts of a circulating load in an operating mill. It is known that the circulating velocity slows up rapidly as material is fed into the mill, but the exact extent of the slow-up is not known.
  • the mill comprises a grinding and classifying chamber 56 of substantially circular cross section formed by the side plates 58 and 60 mounted on peripheral wall 62.
  • a plurality of nozzles 64 are spaced around the peripheral wall 62 and communicate with header 66.
  • a pipe 68 connects the header 66 to a gas supply through which air or steam is forced into header 66 and through nozzles 64.
  • the nozzles 64 are angularly directed so that the jet streams created thereby are tangent to a circle of lesser diameter than the inner periphery of wall 62.
  • Opening 70 is centrally located in plate 60. Opening 70 is of suflicient size to allow the discharge of pulverized products together with the circulating gas.
  • a collector means (not shown) may be connected to pipe 72 mounted in opening 70.
  • the material to be pulverized is introduced into the chamber 56 by means of a feed assembly 74.
  • the feed assembly 74 comprises a nozzle 76, a venturi 78, and a funnel 80.
  • a gas supply, attached to nozzle 76, passes through venturi 78 and carries material from funnel 80 into the chamber 56. The material is discharged against disk 94.
  • a shaft 82 is rotatably mounted on bearings 84 and 86 ture superheated steam is used. In that case, it is also.
  • the pulley 90 and belt 92 are adapted to cause shaft 82 to rotate when driven by a motor (not shown).
  • a disk 94 is threadedly mounted on the end of shaft 82 and rotates therewith.
  • a plurality of vanes 96 are fixedly attached about the periphery of disk 94.
  • the rotation of shaft 82 causes the disk 94 and vanes 96 to rotate within chamber 56.
  • vanes 96 pick up the material and accelerate it radially into impact with peripheral wall 62.
  • the relationship of the vanes 96 to the peripheral wall 62 causes a forced circulation of the gas and material adjacent thereto and a general movement or flow towards and into the jets.
  • the material is immediately picked up by the jets and projected angularly inwardly away from the wall.
  • Those particles which are already of a size small enough to be classified with the size product desired are carried out of the outlet 70 by the gasses leaving the chamber.
  • a major part of the material which is not yet of a size to be classified with the size product desired will be centrifugally returned to the periphery.
  • vanes 96 extend on both sides of disk 94.
  • a portion 97 of the vanes 96 which is on the outlet side of disk 94 will aid the circulating stream of gasses and increase the centrifugal force on the re-entr ant materials which are to be directed back into the jet stream.
  • the vane portions 97 intercept and accelerate a considerable portion of the material being returned to the jet streams for further grinding.
  • the portions 97 are located on the outer periphery of the disk 94 and thus do not affect the inwardly spiralling classifying stream but mechanically aid it in accelerating the particles into the jet streams.
  • the jet streams pick up both the recirculated material and the feed material and hurl it back into the circulating gas stream wherein it impacts upon other particles and breaks up into fine particles.
  • vanes 96 In the construction of the vanes 96, it is to be noted that they extend radially inwardly from a reasonably close clearance with the inner periphery of wall 62 to a point about half-way to the shaft 82. It has been found that this distance is sufiicient to not only help in the introduction of feed by the fan action created by said vanes 96 but also in the acceleration of the material against the peripheral wall '62 in a radial direction. This action is helpful in reducing some of the particles that may be of undesirably large size.
  • the inner diameter of the inner pe riphery of wall 62 was 21 inches at the jet location and 20 inches at the intersection of plate 58.
  • the disk 94 was 18 /2 inches in diameter so that there was a clearance between the periphery of disk 94 and the inner periphery of wall 62 of of an inch. It should be noted that such dimensions are by way of example and it is not intended to imply that slight variations of these dimensions would be critical.
  • the clearance between the end of the vanes 96-97 and the inner periphery of wall 62 was /3 of an inch.
  • the vanes 96 were A of an inch in width measured between plate 94 and wall 58 and twenty in number.
  • the portion 97 of the vanes extending towards the jet side of disk 94 do not have to be an integral part of the vanes 96, but such construction has been found to be much simpler. It is the inner portions 97 of the vanes 96 that intercept and accelerate a considerable portion of the material being returned into the jet stream for further grinding as a result of centrifugal force from the classification section.
  • vanes 96 which pick up the dispersed feed material and direct it along inner periphery of wall 62 into jet streams issuing from nozzle 64 also aids in preventing a build-up of material between said jet streams.
  • the rotational speed of the vanes 96 is of particular importance. Experiments have shown that there is no way of predicting the optimum speed for a wide range of products of different grindability to produce different desired low particle sizes. It is possible, however, as a result of tests made over a fairly wide range of materials of different specific gravities and grindability as well as differences in particle size, using both compressed air and superheated steam as a grinding medium, to give sufficient information so that one schooled in the art can obtain the benefit of the invention. From many tests, it can be stated that in general, a higher rotational speed of vanes 96 is indicated in a given mill when material of low specific gravity and easy grindability is processed.
  • vanes 97 extended /1 of an inch from the face of disk 94 towards the nozzle 64 opening.
  • the radial length of the edge of vanes 96 nearest the nozzles 64 is /2 of an inch, tapering to of an inchat the plane of the face of disk 94.
  • vanes 97 do not extend very far radially inwardly toward the center of disk 94 on the side closest to opening 70. Thus, the vortex at the center of the classification zone 56 is not substantially affected by the vanes 97.
  • the vanes 97 are widest close to the periphery of wall 62 in order to have the greatest circulatory effect on the gas and material close to the jets.
  • the peripheral wall 62 may be serrated to increase the efficiency of the hammermilling.
  • the screw feed means 100 is provided in place of the venturi type feed assembly shown in FIG- URE l.
  • the screw feed consists of a hopper 102 and mechanical screw 104 adapted to convey pulverant material along pipe 106 into classifying and grinding chamher 110.
  • the classifying and grinding chamber 110 is substantially identical to the embodiment shown in FIGURE 1.
  • prime numerals have been assigned to like elements andidentify said like elements as having a function that is the same as that described with regard to the embodiment shown in FIGURES 1 and 2.
  • the shaft 82 is extended through the chamber 56, through the outlet 70' of the mill as well as through a fan casing 112.
  • a hearing provides additional support for the added length of shaft 82.
  • a disk 114 is mounted on the shaft 82 and rotates therewith.
  • a plurality of fan blades in the form of paddles 116 are mounted about the periphery of disk 114.
  • the fan casing 112 communicates with the classifying chamber 56' through the exhaust opening 70.
  • the gasses circulated within fan casing 112 are exhausted through outlet opening 118.
  • the fan casing 112 and paddles 116 are of such size as to be capable of handling all the gas discharged from the chamber 56 and in addition have enough excess capacity to cause the flow of gas from the outside of the mill into the chamber through the opening 120 thereby eliminating the stuffing box 88 shown in FIGURE 1.
  • FIGURES 3 and 4 there is shown a modification of the present invention wherein a small number of unusually large jets may be used or where the jet angle to the circulating stream is madevery aoute. Grinding mills of this type are sometimes desirable where extremely difficult-togrind materials are used.
  • the jets 122 are spaced about only one-third of the periphery of the chamber wall 124.
  • the outlet pipe 138 projects into the classifying chamber 134.
  • the portion of the outlet pipe 138 which is radially opposite the nozzles 122 extends all the way up to the disk 130 with only a minimum clearance therebetween.
  • the radial portion of outlet pipe 138 which is away from the nozzles 122 extends only partially into the chamber 134. In this way large random particles deflected by impact with the jets issuing from nozzles 122 will not enter the outlet. Rather, they will be deflected by the outlet pipes into the circulating stream.
  • FIGURE 3 the operation of the pulverizers shown in FIGURE 3 is substantially the same as that described with respect to the pulverizers shown in FIGURES 1 and 2 except for the use of a limited number of oversized nozzles 122 and the use of a specially constructed outlet pipe 138.
  • FIGURE 7 there is shown a pulverizer wherein the fundamentals of the present invention are applied to a device such as is shown in FIGURE 6 of Patent 2,219,011 or in Patent 2,590,220.
  • Devices of the type shown in these patents cannot classify to as low a particle size as can the devices previously described. However, they have certain advantages under some circumstances. For example, when a longer time element of contact of the material under treatment with the gaseous medium is desired devices such as are shown in FIGURE 7 have particular utility.
  • the device shown in FIGURES 7 and 8 comprises a feed means 140 of the venturi type similar to those previously described.
  • the feed means 140 in this illustration communicates with the bent portion of a return feed pipe 142 which communicates with the chamber 146.
  • a shaft 168 extends through the walls 148 and 150 of the chamber 146 and has hub 152 mounted thereon.
  • the pipe 153 is connected to a supply of gas which feeds the gas under pressure into header 154 and through nozzle openings 156.
  • the nozzle openings 156 are angularly directed.
  • the angular direction of the nozzles 156 provides jets with a greater shearing, tearing and impacting effect because they are angularly disposed with respect to the circulating stream of material.
  • the wall 158, through which nozzles 156 extend, is curved and forms the end section of an elliptical form.
  • the chamber 146 is in communication with straight pipe 160 which in turn is connected to a semi-circular section 162.
  • the semi-circular section 162 is in communication with the straight section 142 and the outlet opening 167.
  • the feed can be introduced at a variety of points and still secure some of the benefits of the invention.
  • the maximum benefit is obtained when the feed material is introduced more or less axially of the rotating vanes so that less energy is required to introduce the material into the mill by avoiding the fan action of the vanes. Further, the vanes have an opportunity to act directly on the feed material.
  • the pulverant material fed into the chamber 146 impacts on disk 164 where it is radially dispersed into the vanes 166 and radially accelerated outward to impact against the wall or periphery 158 of chamber 146.
  • This action is provided by means of rotataing shaft 168 to which hub 152 is attached.
  • the action of nozzles 156 is substantially the same as described in Patent 2,219,011. That is, the jet streams issuing from nozzles 156 cause the pulverant material circulating through chamber 146 and pipes 160, 162, and 142 to impact 'upon itself and thereby become finely ground.
  • FIGURE 9 is substantially the same as that shown in FIGURES 7 and 8.
  • the chamber 170 is specially V-shaped adjacent the nozzles 172 so as to provide more efficient loading of the jet streams issuing therefrom.
  • the vanes 174 mounted on disk 176 which in turn is fixed to shaft 178 by means of hub 180 are specially shaped so as to concentrate the pulverant materials about the jet streams issuing from nozzles 172.
  • the vanes 174 are provided with extensions 174A which cooperate with the inwardly angled portion 182 of the chamber wall so as to cause the pulverant material to be driven towards the jet streams.
  • the peripheral walls of the devices shown in FIGURES 7, 8 and 9 may be serrated at that portion where the vanes are closely adjacent to the peripheral Wall.
  • the peripheral wall 158 may be serrated over the area extending from the point marked to the point marked 182.
  • serrated walls may be provided for any of the embodiments shown herein.
  • the improvement provided by the embodiment shown in FIGURES 7, 8 and 9 is that in addition to impacting the material against the casing as indicated above, it is circulated in the direction of rotation of the vanes and the returning gas from straight pipe 142 or its equivalent is also circulated by cooperation of the vanes and the casing.
  • the flow of material is along the casing into the jets, which act as previously referred to in the description of FIGURE 1, and then through the apparatus towards the outlet 166.
  • tip speed of the vanes may generally be of a higher velocity in the device represented by FIGURES 7 and 8 than in the device represented by FIGURE 9.
  • the operation of the vanes allows the mill to have a greater axial height. It has been found that such additional height is advantageous in certain operations in that a series operation, such as is desirable for certain grinding operations may be provided.
  • a series operation such as is desirable for certain grinding operations may be provided.
  • most attempts to provide series operations have been unsuccessful due to the fact that jets in the second stage have to dissipate too much of their energy in accelerating or continuing the circulation of the considerable weight of gas and pulverant provided from the first stage and insufficient energy is available for classification. At this point it would be well to point out again that as the volume of gas in a given mill increases, the entrained force toward the outlet tends to carry larger particles out as a product.
  • FIGURE 10 shows an example of a multiple stage grinding mill which has been found to be particularly effective in grinding certain materials.
  • the mill comprises a first stage having a classifying and grinding chamber 200 through which shaft 202 extends.
  • a stuffing box 204 connects the shaft 202 and provides a seal between the wall 206 of chamber 200.
  • a gas supply 208 supplies gas into 'header 210 and through nozzle 212 in the manner which has previously been described.
  • a feed assembly 214 of the venturi type feeds the material into the chamber 200.
  • the second stage of the device shown in FIGURE 10 consists of a grinding and classification chamber 220 which is substantially the same as the chamber shown in FIGURE 1.
  • the disk 222 has vanes 224 mounted thereon and the disk is caused to rotate by shaft 202.
  • a gas supply 226 supplies gas through header 228 and nozzle 230.
  • the vanes 224 capture the gas and pulverant mixture escaping through outlet 236 of chamber 200- and direct the pulverant material against the peripheral wall 238 in the same manner as described with regard to the embodiment shown in FIGURE 1.
  • the pulverant material is forced to move along peripheral wall 238 into jet streams issuing from nozzles 230 and is thereby caused to break up into small pieces.
  • the gas and product become entrained in the circulating vortex and eventually when it is classified to the correct size it escapes through outlet 240.
  • the two-stage mill tested has the same supply of energy to the jets in each of the two stages, although for certain materials desired at different particle size, more or less energy to one or the other stage might be desirable.
  • FIGURE 11 shows substantially the same mill as illustrated in FIGURE 1 except the injector 300 is arranged to feed material to be grounded into the mill at an acute angle relative to the disk 394.
  • FIGURE 11 The numerals used to describe the embodiment shown in FIGURE 11 are the same as those used in FIGURE 1 but with a 3 in front of each numeral. Therefore, operation of the mill is the same.
  • the injector 300 feeds material into the mill at an acute angle with respect to the disk 394 and in a direction opposed to the direction of rotation of disk 394 and vanes 396;
  • Apparatus for reducing material to a finely divided form comprising an endless casing, means to introduce into the outer portion of said casing at least one stream of high velocity elastic fluid, said stream having a component of movement which is forward in a rotational direction and a component of movement which is transverse to said rotational direction, means to introduce material to be ground into said casing, a grinding zone abutting the outer periphery of said casing, rotatable vanes positioned within said casing to cause a substantial portion of the material to be ground to be circulated closely adjacent at least a portion of the periphery of the casing which includes said high velocity stream, the periphery of at least a portion of said vanes being in the outer portion of the grinding zone, and discharge means spaced inwardly of the periphery of said casing.
  • Apparatus for the reduction of material to finely divided particles comprising an endless curved chamber, means to introduce a stream of gaseous fluid adjacent the periphery of said curved chamber, said stream being directed to have both rotational and radial components of movement, means for introducing into said chamber and into said gaseous stream feed material to be divided, said gaseous stream having sufiicient energy to impose centrifugal force on the gas and material flowing therein, a grinding zone abutting the outer periphery of said chamber, first rotatable vanes within said casing positioned to forcibly mix feed material with material circulating in said stream, second rotatablevanes positioned closely adjacent the periphery of said chamber to cause circulating material and a portion of said gas stream to flow along and adjacent at least a portion of the periphcry of said curved chamber, the periphery of at least a portion of said second vanes being in the outer portion of the grinding zone, and means disposed radially inwardly of said peripher
  • an endless casing pierced by nozzles for the introduction of a gaseous fluid directed to cause a high rate of circulation of the gasses within the casing means, to introduce a material to be ground into the casing so that it will circulate adjacent a peripheral wall of the casing as a reentrant circulatory stream, a rotatable element within said casing havinga multiplicity of vanes, said vanes being spaced in close relationship to the inner periphery of the casing and being of sufiicient width in relationship to that part of the re-entrant circulatory stream which is adjacent the inner peripheral wall to cause an increase in velocity of flow of both the gas and re-entrant circulatory stream at the casing periphery as they flow toward the nozzles.
  • an endless casing having at least one nozzle piercing the periphery of said casing and adapted to supply at least one jet of an elastic fluid at high velocity into said casing which include said jet, a grinding zone abutting the outer periphery of said casing, said grinding zone being traversed by said elastic jet, a rotatable element provided with a multiplicity of vanes mounted at least at the periphery of said element, said vanes being spaced in close relationship to atleast a portion of the inner periphery of said casing, means to feed material into said rotatable element so that the vanes will cause said material to impact against at least a portion of the inner peripheral wall of the casing, the periphery of said vanes being in the outer portion of the grinding zone, and gas and material withdrawal means spaced inwardly of the periphcry of the casing.
  • portion of the peripheral wall adjacent the nozzle is tapered outwardly towards the nozzle.
  • Apparatus according to claim 3 in which at least that portion of the casing against which the feed material is impactedhas a roughened surface.
  • Apparatus according to claim 3 in which the rotating element is a disk and the vanes are mounted adjacent to the periphery of said disk.
  • an endless casing having at least one nozzle piercing the periphery of said casing, means adapted to supply an elastic fluid at high velocity through said nozzle into said casing, a rotatable element provided with a multiplicity of vanes at least at the periphery thereof, said vanes being spaced in close relationship to at least a portion of the inner periphery of said casing which includes said nozzle, said vanes being positioned axially to the side of said nozzles, feed means for introducing material to be comminuted into said casing, gas and material outlet means spaced inwardly of the periphery of the casing, a housing mounted in communication with said outlet means, and fan means within said housing for causing air to flow into said casing adjacent said feed means.
  • Apparatus in accordance with claim 13 in which material is fed into said apparatus by a mechanical forcing means.
  • a pulverizing device of the gaseous fluid jet type comprising a first grinding chamber having at least one gaseous jet means adjacent its periphery, feed means for feeding material to be ground into said chamber, and outlet means for discharging gas and ground material from said first chamber, a second grinding chamber in communication with said outlet means, at least one gas jet means adjacent the periphery of said second chamber, a plurality of rotatable vanes mounted within said second chamber, said vanes being positioned to rotatably accelerate into the second mentioned jet the gas and partially ground material discharged from said first grinding chamber into said second grinding chamber, and discharge means mounted inwardly of the periphery of said second grinding chamber to discharge gas and ground material from said second chamber.
  • Apparatus for the comminution of materials comprising a passage which closes upon itself to define an endless passage, angularly directed gas jet means for causing gas to flow in said passage, said gas jet producing means being in at least a portion of the periphery of said passage, the gas flow area immediately adjacent said periphery which includes said jet means defining a grinding zone, means to feed material to be comminuted into said passage, rotatable mechanical means positioned to accelerate the material and gas flowing along the wall of said passage at the grinding zone and to force said material into said jet means, and discharge means on a remote portion of said endless passage.
  • an endless casing having a plurality of nozzles piercing the periphery of said casing and being adapted to supply jets of elastic fluid at high velocity into said casing, said nozzles being spaced about substantially less than the entire periphery of said casing, a rotatable element provided with a multiplicity of vanes mounted on at least the periphery thereof, said vanes being spaced in close relationship to at least a portion of the periphery of said casing, means to feed material against said rotating element, a portion of said vanes extending radially inwardly from the periphery of said element and on the side of said element on which said material impacts, whereby said radial portion of said vanes causes said material to impact against at least a portion of the inner peripheral wall of said casing, and gas and material withdrawal means spaced radially inwardly of the peripheral wall of said casing and the opposite side of said rotatable element from said feed means, said withdrawal means comprising
  • an endless casing having at least one nozzle piercing the periphery of said casing and being adapted to supply a jet of elastic fluid at high velocity into said casing, a rotatable element within said casing provided with a multiplicity of vanes mounted on at least the periphery thereof, means to feed material into said casing adjacent said rotating element, whereby said vanes will cause said material to be circulated adjacent at least a portion of the periphery of the casing, and gas and material withdrawal means, said gas and material withdrawal means including a second casing in communication with said first-mentioned casing, said second casing being in communication with said first-mentioned casing at a position spaced radially inwardly of the peripheral wall of said first-mentioned casing, and a rotatable exhaust means within said second casing.
  • Apparatus for the reduction of material to finely divided particles comprising an endless curved chamber, a plurality of nozzles in a peripheral wall of said chamher to introduce jets of gaseous fluid adjacent the periphery of said curved chamber, said nozzles being positioned to create a gaseous stream having both rotational and radial components of movements, means for introducing into said chamber feed material to be divided, said gaseous stream having sufiicient energy to impose centrifugal force on the gas and material flowing therein, rotatable mechanical vanes disposed between said means for introducing feed material and said nozzles, said rotatable mechanical vanes being positioned closer to said peripheral wall than the inner extent of the major force of said jets and the zone of greatest intensity of said stream created by said jets to cause circulating material and a portion of said gas stream to flow along and adjacent at least a portion of the periphery of said curved member and to force said circulating material into said jets, and means disposed radially inwardly of said pe
  • said rotatable mechanical vanes comprise a disk having a plurality of vanes mounted on either side thereof, said vanes mounted on the side of said disk adjacent said feed means being positioned to engage said feed material and cause it to impact against at least a portion of the inner peripherai wall of said casing, and said vanes mounted on the side of said disk adjacent said stream of gaseous fluid being spaced in close relationshi to at least a portion of the inner periphery of said casing and being positioned to accelerate said stream and circulating material entrained in said stream toward said peripheral wall.
  • Apparatus for the communition of materials comprising an endless casing, said casing including a grinding chamber and a classifying section, said grinding chamber including a curved wall, a plurality of nozzles piercing said wall, said nozzles including gas supply means cooperating therewith to create jets of elastic fluid, the angle of said nozzles with respect to a tangent to said wall being such as to create a component of gas flow along said wall, a plurality of rotatable vanes within said grinding chamber, said vanes being positioned close to at least a portion of said wall for accelerating material and gas flowing along said wall and into the jets, said classifying section including a curved conduit communicating at one end with said grinding chamber at a position to receive material and gas flowing from said nozzle and communicating at its other end with said grinding chamber at a position spaced radially inwardly of the periphery of said rotatable vanes, gas and material discharge means in said classifying section, and material feed means opening into said grinding chamber at a position spaced
  • peripheral wall is conical, the axis of the cone defining the wall being parallel to the axis of curvature of said peripheral wall, and the wall converging inwardly to said nozzle.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
US401191A 1964-10-02 1964-10-02 Method and apparatus for comminuting materials Expired - Lifetime US3348779A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US401191A US3348779A (en) 1964-10-02 1964-10-02 Method and apparatus for comminuting materials
NO159746A NO122509B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1964-10-02 1965-09-17
ES0317770A ES317770A1 (es) 1964-10-02 1965-09-24 Un molino pulverizador de chorros.
GB41209/65A GB1098546A (en) 1964-10-02 1965-09-28 Improvements in jet pulveriser mills
DEA50350A DE1296953B (de) 1964-10-02 1965-09-30 Strahlmuehle
NL6512755A NL6512755A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1964-10-02 1965-10-01
FR33362A FR1456979A (fr) 1964-10-02 1965-10-01 Perfectionnements aux appareils pulvériseurs à jets de fluide

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US401191A US3348779A (en) 1964-10-02 1964-10-02 Method and apparatus for comminuting materials

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US3348779A true US3348779A (en) 1967-10-24

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US401191A Expired - Lifetime US3348779A (en) 1964-10-02 1964-10-02 Method and apparatus for comminuting materials

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US (1) US3348779A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1296953B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES317770A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1098546A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NO (1) NO122509B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3688991A (en) * 1970-07-30 1972-09-05 Norwood H Andrews Jet and anvil comminuting apparatus, and method
US3807645A (en) * 1967-11-09 1974-04-30 Sunds Ab Apparatus for disintegrating and bleaching pulp
US3837583A (en) * 1972-05-13 1974-09-24 Kronos Titan Gmbh Multi-stage jet mill
US4504017A (en) * 1983-06-08 1985-03-12 Norandy, Incorporated Apparatus for comminuting materials to extremely fine size using a circulating stream jet mill and a discrete but interconnected and interdependent rotating anvil-jet impact mill
EP0568941A3 (en) * 1992-05-03 1993-11-24 Wuhan University Of Technology Pulverizing apparatus
WO1998051413A1 (de) * 1997-05-12 1998-11-19 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Mikrowirbelmühle und verfahren zum trocknen und desagglomerieren von pulverförmigen materialien
RU2196859C1 (ru) * 2001-12-11 2003-01-20 Сибирский государственный технологический университет Установка для измельчения волокнистого материала
RU2209264C1 (ru) * 2001-12-05 2003-07-27 Сибирский государственный технологический университет Установка для измельчения волокнистого материала
US6626975B1 (en) 1999-01-15 2003-09-30 H. C. Starck Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for producing hard metal mixtures
US20070029416A1 (en) * 2005-08-02 2007-02-08 Claus Krebs Jet mill with integrated dynamic classifier
RU2365692C1 (ru) * 2008-04-08 2009-08-27 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Сибирский государственный технологический университет" Установка для измельчения волокнистого материала

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AU2873195A (en) * 1994-07-11 1996-02-09 Pmt Gesteinsvermahlungstechnik Powder Maker Technologies Gmbh Spiral jet mill
RU2256503C1 (ru) * 2003-11-12 2005-07-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Центр экологического и техногенного мониторинга" Устройство для измельчения
WO2009126058A1 (ru) * 2008-04-11 2009-10-15 Shapovalov Viacheslav Dmitriev Способ переработки минерального и техногенного сырья и устройство для его реализации
EP2403359B1 (de) 2009-03-05 2013-01-23 Basf Se Pulverförmige zusammensetzung von astaxanthin-derivaten i

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2164409A (en) * 1937-08-27 1939-07-04 Vinson L Johnson Fine grinding
US2294920A (en) * 1936-11-13 1942-09-08 Henry G Lykken Pulverizing machine
US2376747A (en) * 1942-09-07 1945-05-22 Internat Pulverizing Corp Pulverizer
US2562753A (en) * 1948-05-24 1951-07-31 Micronizer Company Anvil grinder
US2753123A (en) * 1952-02-21 1956-07-03 Basf Ag Fluid propellant mill with fluid jets in the sifting zone
US2787422A (en) * 1952-08-16 1957-04-02 Basf Ag Jet grinding apparatus
FR1232762A (fr) * 1959-03-26 1960-10-12 Condux Werk Broyeur à jets de gaz
US3058673A (en) * 1961-04-04 1962-10-16 Nat Lead Co Apparatus for pulverizing material

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2294920A (en) * 1936-11-13 1942-09-08 Henry G Lykken Pulverizing machine
US2164409A (en) * 1937-08-27 1939-07-04 Vinson L Johnson Fine grinding
US2376747A (en) * 1942-09-07 1945-05-22 Internat Pulverizing Corp Pulverizer
US2562753A (en) * 1948-05-24 1951-07-31 Micronizer Company Anvil grinder
US2753123A (en) * 1952-02-21 1956-07-03 Basf Ag Fluid propellant mill with fluid jets in the sifting zone
US2787422A (en) * 1952-08-16 1957-04-02 Basf Ag Jet grinding apparatus
FR1232762A (fr) * 1959-03-26 1960-10-12 Condux Werk Broyeur à jets de gaz
US3058673A (en) * 1961-04-04 1962-10-16 Nat Lead Co Apparatus for pulverizing material

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3807645A (en) * 1967-11-09 1974-04-30 Sunds Ab Apparatus for disintegrating and bleaching pulp
US3688991A (en) * 1970-07-30 1972-09-05 Norwood H Andrews Jet and anvil comminuting apparatus, and method
US3837583A (en) * 1972-05-13 1974-09-24 Kronos Titan Gmbh Multi-stage jet mill
US4504017A (en) * 1983-06-08 1985-03-12 Norandy, Incorporated Apparatus for comminuting materials to extremely fine size using a circulating stream jet mill and a discrete but interconnected and interdependent rotating anvil-jet impact mill
EP0568941A3 (en) * 1992-05-03 1993-11-24 Wuhan University Of Technology Pulverizing apparatus
WO1998051413A1 (de) * 1997-05-12 1998-11-19 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Mikrowirbelmühle und verfahren zum trocknen und desagglomerieren von pulverförmigen materialien
US6626975B1 (en) 1999-01-15 2003-09-30 H. C. Starck Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for producing hard metal mixtures
RU2209264C1 (ru) * 2001-12-05 2003-07-27 Сибирский государственный технологический университет Установка для измельчения волокнистого материала
RU2196859C1 (ru) * 2001-12-11 2003-01-20 Сибирский государственный технологический университет Установка для измельчения волокнистого материала
US20070029416A1 (en) * 2005-08-02 2007-02-08 Claus Krebs Jet mill with integrated dynamic classifier
US7681814B2 (en) * 2005-08-02 2010-03-23 Lanxess Deutschland Gmbh Jet mill with integrated dynamic classifier
CN1907572B (zh) * 2005-08-02 2012-06-13 朗盛德国有限责任公司 喷磨机和利用喷磨机对材料进行研磨的方法
RU2365692C1 (ru) * 2008-04-08 2009-08-27 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Сибирский государственный технологический университет" Установка для измельчения волокнистого материала

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO122509B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-07-05
DE1296953B (de) 1969-06-04
ES317770A1 (es) 1966-03-16
GB1098546A (en) 1968-01-10

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