US3347048A - Revetment block - Google Patents

Revetment block Download PDF

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Publication number
US3347048A
US3347048A US490203A US49020365A US3347048A US 3347048 A US3347048 A US 3347048A US 490203 A US490203 A US 490203A US 49020365 A US49020365 A US 49020365A US 3347048 A US3347048 A US 3347048A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
blocks
tongue
block
groove
revetment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US490203A
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English (en)
Inventor
Richard A Brown
James D Brown
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
COASTAL RES CORP
Original Assignee
COASTAL RES CORP
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by COASTAL RES CORP filed Critical COASTAL RES CORP
Priority to US490203A priority Critical patent/US3347048A/en
Priority to IL26509A priority patent/IL26509A/xx
Priority to GB41324/66A priority patent/GB1131140A/en
Priority to FR77318A priority patent/FR1506396A/fr
Priority to BE687252D priority patent/BE687252A/xx
Priority to DE19661634028 priority patent/DE1634028A1/de
Priority to BR183134/66A priority patent/BR6683134D0/pt
Priority to ES0331591A priority patent/ES331591A1/es
Priority to NL6613556A priority patent/NL6613556A/xx
Priority to DK498066AA priority patent/DK113696B/da
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3347048A publication Critical patent/US3347048A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
    • E02B3/14—Preformed blocks or slabs for forming essentially continuous surfaces; Arrangements thereof

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a revetment block and to a revetment composed of the blocks.
  • revetments have been usually constructed of heavy slabs or blocks which are joined to each other, such as by tongue and groove joints, and to the ground as shown in the patent to Schlueter No. 1,205,810.
  • floor tiles having drainage openings therein have been known, as shown by Landers No. 572,762
  • heretofore lightweight revetment blocks have not been constructed so as not to prevent hydrostatic pressure of ground water to build up beneath the blocks, and then to relieve such pressure before it causes a breakage in the joints between the blocks, dislocation of the blocks, and resumption of bank erosion.
  • the object of this invention is to produce a lightweight revetment block and a revetment composed of such blocks by means of which the hydrostatic water pressure beneath the blocks first rises and then is relieved, and to produce loosely interlocked blocks so as to allow relative tilting movement between adjacent blocks both longitudinally and transversely of the joint.
  • the concrete blocks used are flat and rectangular and joined together by a loose tongue and groove joint so designed that the blocks may tilt slightly with respect to each other so that the upper surface of the revetment remains relatively smooth despite the slight displacement of adjacent blocks.
  • Water is permitted to flow through recesses or openings between adjacent blocks to beneath the blocks and then allowed to escape through the recesses so as to relieve hydrostatic pressure beneath the blocks. Consequently, the wave pressure on the blocks may force water behind the blocks and this is relieved as the wave recedes by means of the recesses.
  • Ground water in the earth behind the blocks also escapes through the recesses. Because the blocks are flexibly interlocked, the joints give rather than break.
  • the blocks through such flexible joints, are able to adapt themselves to an uneven grade. Consequently, the eflFects of the three forces; namely, the wave pressure, water friction, and bydrostatic pressure, are minimized so that a revetement composed of these blocks is durable despite its lightweight and severe wave action.
  • FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of the block
  • FIGURE 2 is a side view of the tongue and groove joint between adjacent blocks
  • FIGURE 3 is a view similar to FIGURE 2 with the blocks tilted in one direction with respect to each other;
  • FIGURE 4 is a view similar to FIGURE 2 with the blocks moved relative to each other;
  • FIGURE 5 is a perspective view of a plurality of blocks laid as a revetment on a slope having a fiat subgrade.
  • the revetment block is composed of a flat rectangular concrete body 10 of such minimum size and weight as will resist movement under normal wave conditions and permit a limited amount of movement during more severe conditions.
  • Each body has a fiat top surface 12, a grooved bottom surface 14, a fiat side 16-, and an opposite side 18 containing a recess 20.
  • At one end of the block is a tongue 22 and at the opposite end of the block a groove 24 As shown in FIGURES 2 and 3, the tongue 22 and the groove 24 are constructed so that a flexible tongue and groove joint is formed between adjacent blocks while permitting relative movement between the blocks so that one block may be tilted with respect to an adjacent block a limited distance so as to maintain a relatively smooth upper surface on a revetment built of the blocks.
  • the upper side 30 of the tongue is slightly downwardly inclined from the end portion 32 of the block, while the lower side 34 of the tongue is longer than the upper side as it extends from a cut back end portion 36 in the bottom 14 of the .block to leave an opening 38 between the lower ends of adjacent blocks.
  • the lower side 34 of the tongue has an upwardly inclined end portion 40.
  • Groove 24 extends inwardly from the straight-sided end of the block with an upper wall 42 downwardly inclined at substantially the same angle as the upper side 30 of the tongue.
  • the bottom wall of the groove has a horizontal portion 44 and an upwardly inclined inner end portion 46 at an angle less than the inclination of the inclined outer end portion 40 of the tongue.
  • Inclined portion 46 also forms a fillet which reinforces the bottom of groove 24.
  • the tongue 22 is of less size than the groove 24 to leave a space 47 between side 30' and wall 42, and does not extend into contact with the bottom of the groove 24 as the upper side 30 of the tongue is of less length than the upper wall 42 of the groove.
  • spaces 38 and 47 permit the blocks to be tiltable with respect to one another.
  • Edge 50 of the tongue contacts the upper wall 42. This limits the movement of the tongue in the groove while permitting fiexibility between adjacent blocks.
  • a further contact is made between the edge 52 of the groove with the lower side 34 of the tongue.
  • the lower side end portion 40 of the tongue will become in contact with the inclined wall portion 46 of the groove.
  • Such a tilting movement is possible because in practice it is not possible to lay hundreds of blocks with all edges 41a tightly abutting edges 4112. In addition to this movement transversely of the joint, it is apparent that space 47 will permit relative movement longitudinally of the joint.
  • FIGURE 4 shows that while edge 41a can drop below edge 4112, it can never rise above edge 41b because of the contact which will occur between horizontal portion 44 with lower side 34.
  • Recess 20 terminates short of the tongue and groove sections, respectively, of the block.
  • the grooves 54 in the bottom of the block extend parallel to the tongue 22 and communicate with recess 20. When assembled, the grooves of adjacent blocks are aligned. This is for the purpose of permitting water in the ground beneath the blocks to run both beneath the block and adjacent blocks and escape to the surface of the revetment through recess 20.
  • the blocks are adapted to be laid together on a sloping bank to form a revetment. In so doing, it is preferred to have the tongue directed up slope. There is therefore the tendency of the uppermost of the blocks in a row of blocks to settle down over the tongue 22 of the block in a lower row of blocks.
  • the blocks are preferably laid with staggered joints;
  • the blocks are laid on a graded gravel filter having a particle size in contact with the block greater than the Width of the recess 20, or if gravel is not available, the blocks are preferably laid on a so-called filter cloth, which is commercially available for this purpose, in order to prevent particles of sand or dirt from escaping between adjacent blocks.
  • the blocks are designed to minimize the effects of the three forces resulting from wave pressure, water friction on the upper surface of the revetment, and hydrostatic pressure produced by the water in the ground beneath the blocks.
  • the flexible tongue and groove joints enable the blocks to adjust themselves to any unevenness in grade.
  • any block that will tend to settle with respect to the next lower block will do so because of space 47 so that the lower edge 41a of a block will drop slightly beneath the upper edge 41b of the adjacent block.
  • the joint is flexible along the length of each tongue 22 by rea-son of the space 47.
  • the blocks be laid with the tongues extending parallel to the longitudinal length of the slope as shown in FIGURE 5.
  • the recesses 20 will consequently extend upwardly and downwardly of the slope.
  • the grooves 54 tend to be self-cleaning as they extend in the direction and the length of the slope and are in free communication with the recesses 20. As the water recedes, the blocks settle down and in so doing pump water upwardly through the grooves 54 and recesses 20.
  • revetment blocks were constructed to resist water from entering the subsoil so as to prevent the creation of hydrostatic pressure beneath the blocks.
  • the block of the instant invention per mits water to reach the subsoil beneath the block, and because the hydrostatic pressure is immediately relieved both by drainage and relative movement of the blocks, the blocks themselves can be made much lighter than heretofore possible.
  • washing of the soil from beneath the blocks is prevented by the underlying filter so that wave pressure is transmitted through the blocks directly 4 to the ground. Water draining in the earth beneath the blocks passes out through grooves 54 and recesses 20 without disturbing the blocks.
  • each block is composed of concrete and has the proportions of being 24.875 inches long including tongue 22, 8.625 inches wide, and 5.625 inches thick, and weighs about pounds.
  • the tongue and groove are dimensioned so that the space 47 between them is about 0.125 inch wide.
  • Recess 20 is about 0.250 inch deep and space 38 about 1.0 inch wide.
  • a revetment block comprising a flat rectangular body, a tongue on one end of said body, a groove in theopposite end of said body for making a tongue and groove joint with an adjacent block, and said tongue being smaller than said groove and being loosely fittable in the groove of an adjacent block and having an upper side and a relatively longer lower side for forming a space between bottim faces of adjacent joined blocks and for permitting relative tilting movement in two directions between adjacent joined blocks.
  • a revetment block as in claim 4 said tongue having a length less than the depth of said groove.
  • a revetment comprising a plurality of blocks laid side by side in rows along the length and up the slope of a sloping ground, tongue and groove joint means extending parallel to the length of the slope for loosely interconnecting the blocks in one row with the blocks of an adjacent row while permitting relative tilting movement. in both directions between adjacent blocks and recess,
  • a revetment as in claim 6, further comprising grooves in the bottoms of the blocks aligned with adjacent blocks and extending parallel to the length of the slope and communicating with said recesses for relieving hydrostatic pressure from beneath the blocks.
  • said tongue and groove joint means further including means for permitting.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
US490203A 1965-09-27 1965-09-27 Revetment block Expired - Lifetime US3347048A (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US490203A US3347048A (en) 1965-09-27 1965-09-27 Revetment block
IL26509A IL26509A (en) 1965-09-27 1966-09-14 Revetment block
GB41324/66A GB1131140A (en) 1965-09-27 1966-09-15 Revetment block
BE687252D BE687252A (cs) 1965-09-27 1966-09-22
FR77318A FR1506396A (fr) 1965-09-27 1966-09-22 Bloc de revêtement résistant à la pression produite par les vagues
DE19661634028 DE1634028A1 (de) 1965-09-27 1966-09-22 Verkleidungsblock
BR183134/66A BR6683134D0 (pt) 1965-09-27 1966-09-23 Bloco de revestimento
ES0331591A ES331591A1 (es) 1965-09-27 1966-09-26 Un dispositivo de bloque de revestimiento.
NL6613556A NL6613556A (cs) 1965-09-27 1966-09-26
DK498066AA DK113696B (da) 1965-09-27 1966-09-26 Blok til opbygning af en beklædning til fastholdelse af løse bestanddele af jord- eller sandbund under vand.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US490203A US3347048A (en) 1965-09-27 1965-09-27 Revetment block

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3347048A true US3347048A (en) 1967-10-17

Family

ID=23947034

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US490203A Expired - Lifetime US3347048A (en) 1965-09-27 1965-09-27 Revetment block

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3347048A (cs)
BE (1) BE687252A (cs)
BR (1) BR6683134D0 (cs)
DE (1) DE1634028A1 (cs)
DK (1) DK113696B (cs)
ES (1) ES331591A1 (cs)
FR (1) FR1506396A (cs)
GB (1) GB1131140A (cs)
IL (1) IL26509A (cs)
NL (1) NL6613556A (cs)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE687252A (cs) 1967-03-22
BR6683134D0 (pt) 1973-02-01
FR1506396A (fr) 1967-12-22
DK113696B (da) 1969-04-14
DE1634028A1 (de) 1970-06-25
IL26509A (en) 1971-04-28
NL6613556A (cs) 1967-03-28
ES331591A1 (es) 1967-11-16
GB1131140A (en) 1968-10-23

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