US3344764A - Floating body - Google Patents

Floating body Download PDF

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Publication number
US3344764A
US3344764A US452579A US45257965A US3344764A US 3344764 A US3344764 A US 3344764A US 452579 A US452579 A US 452579A US 45257965 A US45257965 A US 45257965A US 3344764 A US3344764 A US 3344764A
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United States
Prior art keywords
chambers
floating body
floating
chamber
load
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Expired - Lifetime
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US452579A
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English (en)
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Ziermann Attila
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B34/00—Vessels specially adapted for water sports or leisure; Body-supporting devices specially adapted for water sports or leisure
    • B63B34/50—Body-supporting buoyant devices, e.g. bathing boats or water cycles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4426—Stationary floating buildings for human use, e.g. floating dwellings or floating restaurants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B2231/00—Material used for some parts or elements, or for particular purposes
    • B63B2231/40—Synthetic materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a floating body comprising a number of floating chambers open at their lower side and rigidly interconnected side by side. Floating bodies of this type are known and may serve as docks, floating platform for installations such as derricks, radar stations or the like.
  • the chambers of the floating structure are interconnected by means of pipes, valves and compressors whereby it is possible to adjust the water level and consequently the buoyancy lift of each chamber to a desired value.
  • the costs of such means for individually adjusting the buoyancy lift of the chambers are only justified for large-size floating structures carrying equipment of high value.
  • the floating body broadly comprises a number of floating chambers open at their lower side and rigidly interconnected side by side, at least three chambers being disposed in symmetrical distribution relatively to at least one axis, and a flow connection of high flow resistance from a place above the rim of said opening of each chamber to the outside of the chamber. Under these circumstances the floating body will not only sink at the side where excessive load is applied but the body will tilt round its center so that the chamber or chambers symmetrically opposite the excessive load will rise. However, tilting in this manner is efliciently opposed by the rising chambers because underpressure may be produced in such chambers.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section of a first embodiment of the floating body with symmetrical load
  • FIG. 2 shows the floating body of FIG. 1 with asymmetrical load
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 shows a bathing raft according to this invention in section along line ]1I-III in FIG. 4 and in bottom view respectively,
  • FIG. 5 shows a modified form of the bathing raft and FIG. 6 shows a one-way valve in section.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 The floating body schematically shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has an oblong prismatic casing 1 subdivided into three 3,344,764 Patented Oct. 3, 1967 chambers 4, 5 and 6 by means of separating walls 2. Each chamber has a small bore 7 in one of its outer Walls whereby a connection of relatively high flow resistance is formed between the chamber and the outside.
  • the floating body of FIGS. 1 and 2 may be used as a pontoon. Since this pontoon is connected to a bridge in a manner not shown in the drawing, no particular stability of the pontoon in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the bridge is required. However, the pontoon should have a relatively high stability in the direction of its own longitudinal axis so that the pontoon and the bridge supported thereon will tilt sidewise as little as possible when the bridge is excessively charged on one side thereof. A particularly high stability in this direction is obtained with the floating body or pontoon shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 as follows:
  • the middle chamber 5 produces substantially the same buoyancy lift as before, when the same load is applied, because the body is tilted round a middle axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis thereof. Chamber 4 is lifted so that its buoyancy lift is reduced and may change to load or negative buoyancy because the water level in chamber 4 may raise above the water level 8. Under these circumstances underpressure is produced in chamber 4 and since the opening 7 of this chamher is above the water level 8 air will be sucked into chamber 4. However, the openings 7 are so narrow that the exchange of fluid through them is relatively slow. Therefore, a relatively small exchange of air or water takes place through openings 7 when asymmetric load only occurs during relatively short periods.
  • the holes 7 should be located at a substantial distance above the lower rim of chambers 4, 5 and 6 so that the floating body is first immersed relatively deeply before producing buoyancy lift. Under this condition it is impossible that the lower edge of any wall of chambers 4, 5 or 6, for instance the left-hand edge of the wall of chamber 4 (FIG. 2) is lifted above the water level 8 when the floating body is appreciably tilted byexcessive asymmetrical load.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 While the floating body shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has only improved stability in the direction of its longitudinal axis, floating bodies having high stability in more than one direction are required for most purposes. Improved stability in more than one direction may be obtained by a ring arrangement of the chambers, for instance a circular or polygonal arrangement.
  • a floating body serving as a bathing raft and having high stability in any direction is shown by way of example in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the body comprises two semicircular parts 9 of plastic material of which the outer rim is reinforced by means of a tube 10. Each of the parts 9 is subdivided into segment-shaped chambers 12 by means of separating walls 11. Each of the chambers 12 has a narrow opening 7 in its outside wall.
  • Adjacent end walls 11 of the parts 9 are assembled by means of bolts 13.
  • the so assembled parts 9 form an annular axially symmetrical floating body having a raised outer rim portion 14 and a cover portion 15 slightly inclined inwardly.
  • Anchoring mean-s 16 for a ladder 17 shown in broken lines are provided in the cover portion 15 of the body.
  • the central opening of the floating body is covered by a cover 18 having stiffening ribs 19, this cover having a ring 20 for fixing an anchoring rope.
  • Inserts 21 of plastic foam a-re fixed in the upper outer edges of the chambers, such inserts preventing sinking of the raft due to leakage of the chambers.
  • the cover 18 has holes 22 preventing building up of overpressure below the cover and serving for draining water from the cover portion 15 of the raft.
  • the high stability of the raft shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is obtained for the reasons explained above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. Whenever an excentric load occurs the raft sinks at the side of higher load whereas the chambers symmetrically opposite to the excentric load are lifted. Since the chambers are distributed practically symmetrically and regularly at the circumference of the raft, the same conditions occur independently of the direction of excentricity of the load, that is, the raft has similarly high stability in any direction.
  • the floating bodies described above are subjected to asymmetrical loads during short intervals only and alternatively in different directions, it is usually possible to reestablish the desired pressure conditions in all chambers by fluid exchange trough openings 7.
  • the floating body according to this invention may preferably be used for larger objects such as floating platforms of cranes, dredges or the like, where appreciable asymmetrical loads may occur in the same direction during long periods.
  • Such a one-way valve is shown, by way of example in FIG. 6.
  • valve body 26 is screw-fixed in an aperture of an outer wall 27 of a chamber of the floating body.
  • a valve ball 29 is located in the valve bore 28 and is urged against its seat by a pressure spring 30, of which the other end engages a screw 31. Due to such a one-way valve the floating body immediately returns to its original symmetrical position and condition from any tilted position for which underpressure may occur in some chambers, when the asymmetrical load is removed.
  • the floating body according to this invention has not only a particularly high tilting stability, but it is further very stable in that horizontal shifting thereof is opposed by high resistance and high inertia. This is of particular importance for the bathing raft shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 because climbing onto the raft is highly facilitated by the fact that the raft does not yield laterally. This high stability against lateral yielding is improved by the depth of immersion of the floating body because the water columns trapped in the chambers have to be accelerated laterally together with the floating body. Further, high resistance would be produced by turbulence at the lower edges of the partition walls 11 of the parts 9.
  • This invention is not limited to any particular application of or material used for the floating body. While the bathing raft shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is preferably made of plastic material, floating bodies of larger size may be .made of light metal, steel, concrete or the like. Except for the purposes mentioned above, the floating body may be used for quays, aerodromes, inflatable boats, artificial islands, moles and the like.
  • the bathing raft may be made in one piece as shown in FIG. 5, wherein corresponding parts are similarly designated as in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • Handles 23 are formed at the raised rim portion, and the upper surface of the raft may be provided with a nonskid sculpture.
  • the cover portion 15 has a central hole 24 through which rain water is drained and into which a support for an anchoring hook may be inserted.
  • the cover portion is reinforced by means of ribs 25. From the inner edge of the raised rim portion a cylindrical wall extends downwardly and forms the inner wall of the chambers formed by the separating walls 12.
  • a floating body comprising a number of floating chambers open at their lower end and closed at their upper end, said chambers being rigidly interconnected side by side, at least three chambers being disposed in symmetrical distribution relatively to a vertical plane through the center point of the body, and a flow connection of high flow resistance from a place vertically spaced from said upper end and from the rim of said opening of each chamber to the outside of the chamber, an air cushion being formed in each chamber substantially between said place and said upper end when the floating body is positioned for use in water.
  • a floating body according to claim 1, wherein said flow connection comprises a small aperture in the outer wall of each chamber at a distance above the rim of the lower opening of the chamber.
  • a floating body according to claim 1 said flow connection comprising a one-way valve crossing the wall of each chamber at a distance above the rim of the opening of the chamber, such one-way valve allowing fluid flow from the chamber to the outside.
  • a floating body according to claim 4 comprising a central chamber connected to the atmosphere encircled by a closed ring of said floating chambers.
  • a floating body comprising a substantially dish-shaped hull with a convexly upwardly curved rim portion, a ring of chambers being formed below the said hull by separating walls reaching below the water level.
  • Afloating body according to claim 1, comprising elements of plastic foam near the upper end of the chambers.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
US452579A 1964-05-15 1965-05-03 Floating body Expired - Lifetime US3344764A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH641264A CH436006A (de) 1964-05-15 1964-05-15 Schwimmkörper

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3344764A true US3344764A (en) 1967-10-03

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ID=4309179

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US452579A Expired - Lifetime US3344764A (en) 1964-05-15 1965-05-03 Floating body

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3344764A (de)
AT (1) AT265935B (de)
BE (1) BE663734A (de)
CH (1) CH436006A (de)
DE (1) DE1267129B (de)
ES (1) ES312917A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1089918A (de)
NL (1) NL6506167A (de)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3490407A (en) * 1968-10-23 1970-01-20 Harry E Dempster Concrete floating structure
US3694837A (en) * 1969-08-25 1972-10-03 Enar Sixten Von Norring Floating body
US3789446A (en) * 1971-12-16 1974-02-05 Multi Pro Inc Unsinkable raft
US4216559A (en) * 1978-02-02 1980-08-12 Switlik Richard Jr Life raft having a toroidal water ballast chamber
US5219307A (en) * 1992-09-16 1993-06-15 Morrison James F Convertible recreational raft
WO2010058156A3 (en) * 2008-11-18 2010-07-15 Welcome Inn Investments N.V. Floatable dry docks
US20120325137A1 (en) * 2010-03-05 2012-12-27 Heliovis Ag Floating platform
US20150298774A1 (en) * 2011-07-13 2015-10-22 Technische Universität Wien Floating platform
FR3086636A1 (fr) * 2018-09-28 2020-04-03 Dietswell Flotteur, notamment pour plate-forme flottante, notamment pour eolienne flottante.
CN113805628A (zh) * 2021-10-18 2021-12-17 江阴市立青染整机械有限公司 悬置板体自适应调节系统及方法

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3625886A1 (de) * 1986-07-31 1988-02-11 Nautico Ges Fuer Planung Und V Rettungs- oder badeinsel
BR9103730A (pt) * 1990-08-30 1992-05-19 Watertramps Int Ltd Trampolim e esteira de trampolim
EP1288122B1 (de) * 2001-08-30 2010-05-12 Rund-Stahl-Bau Gesellschaft M.B.H. Schwimmfundament für ein über die Wasseroberfläche aufragendes Bauwerk
WO2014107755A1 (de) 2013-01-14 2014-07-17 Technische Universität Wien Schwimmplattform

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1341677A (en) * 1920-01-23 1920-06-01 James M Roberts Mid-ocean station
US2858790A (en) * 1954-08-30 1958-11-04 Jr Thomas M Russell Anti-heel and anti-movement device for floats, boats and craft
US3035286A (en) * 1958-08-04 1962-05-22 Fiber Foam Marine Products Inc Buoyant structures

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190608307A (en) * 1906-04-06 1906-08-02 Matthew Butcher An Improved Construction of Ships and Boats, specially applicable to Life Boats.
DE434767C (de) * 1925-10-13 1926-09-29 Flossbootswerke G M B H Fa Deu Schlauchboot
DE828067C (de) * 1945-01-04 1952-01-14 Friedrich Kompe Nichtschlingernder Schwimmkoerper
DE1795631U (de) * 1959-05-30 1959-09-10 Suedwest Plastic G M B H Flossartiger schwimmkoerper.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1341677A (en) * 1920-01-23 1920-06-01 James M Roberts Mid-ocean station
US2858790A (en) * 1954-08-30 1958-11-04 Jr Thomas M Russell Anti-heel and anti-movement device for floats, boats and craft
US3035286A (en) * 1958-08-04 1962-05-22 Fiber Foam Marine Products Inc Buoyant structures

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3490407A (en) * 1968-10-23 1970-01-20 Harry E Dempster Concrete floating structure
US3694837A (en) * 1969-08-25 1972-10-03 Enar Sixten Von Norring Floating body
US3789446A (en) * 1971-12-16 1974-02-05 Multi Pro Inc Unsinkable raft
US4216559A (en) * 1978-02-02 1980-08-12 Switlik Richard Jr Life raft having a toroidal water ballast chamber
US5219307A (en) * 1992-09-16 1993-06-15 Morrison James F Convertible recreational raft
US9199704B2 (en) 2008-11-18 2015-12-01 Welcome Inn Investments Nv Floatable dry docks
WO2010058156A3 (en) * 2008-11-18 2010-07-15 Welcome Inn Investments N.V. Floatable dry docks
US20120325137A1 (en) * 2010-03-05 2012-12-27 Heliovis Ag Floating platform
US8887654B2 (en) * 2010-03-05 2014-11-18 Heliovis Ag Floating platform
US20150298774A1 (en) * 2011-07-13 2015-10-22 Technische Universität Wien Floating platform
US9365267B2 (en) * 2011-07-13 2016-06-14 Technische Universität Wien Floating platform
FR3086636A1 (fr) * 2018-09-28 2020-04-03 Dietswell Flotteur, notamment pour plate-forme flottante, notamment pour eolienne flottante.
CN113805628A (zh) * 2021-10-18 2021-12-17 江阴市立青染整机械有限公司 悬置板体自适应调节系统及方法
CN113805628B (zh) * 2021-10-18 2022-04-19 江阴市立青染整机械有限公司 悬置板体自适应调节系统及方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES312917A1 (es) 1966-01-01
DE1267129B (de) 1968-04-25
GB1089918A (en) 1967-11-08
NL6506167A (de) 1965-11-16
CH436006A (de) 1967-05-15
AT265935B (de) 1968-10-25
BE663734A (de) 1965-09-01

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