US3344065A - Extreme pressure lubricants - Google Patents

Extreme pressure lubricants Download PDF

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US3344065A
US3344065A US427950A US42795065A US3344065A US 3344065 A US3344065 A US 3344065A US 427950 A US427950 A US 427950A US 42795065 A US42795065 A US 42795065A US 3344065 A US3344065 A US 3344065A
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lubricant
lubricants
extreme pressure
mineral oil
phosphate
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Gansheimer Josef
Schanzer Oswald
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Molykote Produktions GmbH
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M1/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
    • C10M1/08—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C10M2201/042—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/063—Peroxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
    • C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/085—Phosphorus oxides, acids or salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/026—Butene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/14—Synthetic waxes, e.g. polythene waxes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/16—Paraffin waxes; Petrolatum, e.g. slack wax
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2227/02—Esters of silicic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/02—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
    • C10M2229/05—Siloxanes with specific structure containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy

Definitions

  • This invention relates to novel lubricants and particularly to unique extreme pressure lubricants giving superior lubrication under severe conditions.
  • compositions set forth herein are based on known lubricating bases such as mineral and synthetic oils and greases employed as lubricants. It is known that the addition of solid lubricants such as molybdenum disulfide to known liquid lubricants may greatly improve the loadcarrying capacity of the lubricant oil. Thus extreme pressure lubricants frequently contain solid lubricants such as molybdenum disulfide and Wolfram disulfide. German Patent No. 1,090,804 teaches the use of alkali metal phosphates and/ or alkaline earth metal phosphates as additives to lubricants to improve the extreme pressure lubricating properties.
  • This invention comprises an extreme pressure lubricant based on mineral or synthetic lubricating oils and lubricating greases containing solid lubricants, particularly those solid lubricants having laminar structure, in combination with metallic salts of phosphorated oxygen acids which are essentially insoluble in water.
  • the treatment of metals with aqueous bonderizing baths is known. This bonderizing treatment forms a layer on the metal surface providing effective lubrication. The excess bonderizing agent is removed and the metal is dried after the bonderizing treatment in the aqueous bath.
  • the bonderizing of metal surfaces involves the use of an extremely strong aqueous acid bath which must con tain uncombined phosphoric acid in concentrations of about to 50 percent by weight.
  • the bonderizing treatment produces a surface layer on the metal which provides effective lubrication over a short period of time but such treatment does not provide a lifetime or permanent lubrication.
  • the bonderizing treatment could not be inferred from the known bonderizing treatment that the use of metallic salts of phosporated oxygen acids which are insoluble in water as additives to known mineral and synthetic oils and greases containing known solid lubricants would produce a novel and highly eliective extreme pressure lubricant.
  • the new extreme pressure lubricants so prepared do not require the presence of uncombined acids as is required in the bonderizing process.
  • compositions of this invention must contain three components, namely: (1) a mineral lubricating oil or grease or a synthetic oil or grease; (2) a solid lubricant; and (3) the water insoluble metal salt of phosphorated oxygen acids.
  • the first component is any of the known bases for lubricants. These lubricants are essentially anhydrous and may have any consistency from thin fluid to heavily loaded greases which appear to be hard waxes. Dispersing agents may be contained in the lubricant to insure even and thorough distribution of the solid additives including the solid lubricant (2) and the metal salt additives (3) throughout the base lubricant. Thorough and even distribution of the extreme pressure metal salt additive (3) is required to minimize settling out or sedimentation of the additive and to secure the best possible extreme pressure characteristics.
  • Suitable base lubricants include mineral oils, mineral greases, alkali metal soaps of high fatty acids, natural and synthetic waxes, including beeswax, carnauba wax, oxide waxes, ceresites, ozocerites and others, synthetic lubricating oils based on polyisobutenes, polyglycols, polyesters, phosphoric acid esters, fluorocarbons, silicones, silicate esters, polyphenylether and others.
  • the solid lubricants employed herein are any of those known solid substances providing effective lubrication. Particularly known for this use and employed herein are heavy metal sulfides as exemplified by M08 and W8 selenides and tellurides of Mo and W, graphite, hydroxides of Ca, Li, Mg, Cd, Fe, Co, Ni, and Mn, calcium cyanamide, halides of Mn, Ca, Cd, Zn, Fe and Co and similar solid lubricants as well as mixtures thereof.
  • heavy metal sulfides as exemplified by M08 and W8 selenides and tellurides of Mo and W, graphite, hydroxides of Ca, Li, Mg, Cd, Fe, Co, Ni, and Mn, calcium cyanamide, halides of Mn, Ca, Cd, Zn, Fe and Co and similar solid lubricants as well as mixtures thereof.
  • the metal salt of phosphorated oxygen acid which is insoluble in water can be derived from the acids of the electropositive pentavalent or trivalent phosphorous.
  • the salts can be derived from monomeric phosphorous and *orthophosphoric acid as well as from condensation products and/ or oligomeric and polymeric phosphorated oxygen derivatives such as pyrophosphoric acid, orthophosphoric acid, hypophosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, hypoand pyro-phosphorous acids and meta-phosphoric acid.
  • phosphates of aluminum, manganese, zinc, iron, magnesium, barium, calcium, boron, cadmium, copper and lead which are at most only slightly soluble in water.
  • the solid lubricants and the metallic salts of phosphorated oxygen acids are employed in proportions of from 0.5 to percent by Weight 'based on the weight of the total lubricant composition and the preferred range of said additives is from 3 to 60 percent by weight on the stated basis.
  • the metal salts of phosphorated oxygen acids are employed in proportions of from 2 to 50 percent by weight, preferably 5 to 25 percent, based on the weight of the metallic salt and solid lubricant employed.
  • molybdenum disulfide 480 (b) Mineral oil 100 Mineral oil+;5% phosphate of aluminium 100 Mineral oil+5% molybdenum disulfide 180 Mineral oil+2.5% phosphate of aluminium +25% molybdenum disulfide 280 3 Example 2 Pastes: Almen-Wieland machine, plates (a) Mineral oil 4 Mineral oil+25% molybdenum disulfide 38 Mineral oil+25% phosphate of aluminium 7 Mineral oil+12.5% molybdenum disulfide +12.5% phosphate of aluminium 40 (b) Mineral oil 4 Mineral oil+25% WS 37 Mineral oil+25% calcium phosphate 17 Mineral oil-142.5% WS +12.5% calcium phosphate 40 Elongation of shaft.
  • Lithium grease+2% phos 38 plates 340 hate oi aluminum+2% 1032.
  • Example 4 Equivalent improvement was achieved when Example 1 was repeated employing a silicone lubricant, a polyester lubricant, a phosphoric acid ester or an alkali metal soap of lauric acid as the lubricant.
  • Example 5 Equivalent improvement was achieved when Example 2 was repeated employing Wolfram disulfide, graphite,
  • Example 6 Equivalent improvement was achieved when Example 1 was repeated employing phosphates of Al, Mn, Zn, Mg, Ba, Ca, B, Cd, Cu and Pb in place of the iron phosphate.
  • a lubricant composition consisting essentially of Inbricating oils or soap-thickened greases and containing in synergistic proportions (a) a solid lubricant selected from the group consisting otmolybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, and calcium hydroxide and (b) an essentially water insoluble metal salt of a phosphorated oxygen acid and a metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, iron, and calcium.
  • the lubricant of claim 1 further characterized in that the solid lubricant is molybdenum disulfide and the Water insoluble metal salt is aluminum phosphate or iron phosphate.
  • the lubricant of claim 1 further characterized in that the solid lubricant is calcium hydroxide and the water insoluble metal salt is aluminum phosphate.
  • the lubricant of claim 1 further characterized in that the solid lubricant is tungsten disulfide and the water insoluble metal salt is calcium phosphate.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Description

United States Patent 3,344,065 EXTREME PRESSURE LUBRICANTS iosef Gansheimer, Munich-Gbermenzing, and Oswald Schanzer, Munich, Germany, assignors to Molykote Produktions G.m.b.I-I., Munich, Germany No Drawing. Filed Jan. 25, 1965, Ser. No. 427,950 4 Claims. (Cl. 252-18) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE An extreme pressure lubricant is prepared by addition of both a solid lubricant and any of certain metal salts of phosphorated oxygen acids to a mineral or synthetic lubricant.
This invention relates to novel lubricants and particularly to unique extreme pressure lubricants giving superior lubrication under severe conditions.
The compositions set forth herein are based on known lubricating bases such as mineral and synthetic oils and greases employed as lubricants. It is known that the addition of solid lubricants such as molybdenum disulfide to known liquid lubricants may greatly improve the loadcarrying capacity of the lubricant oil. Thus extreme pressure lubricants frequently contain solid lubricants such as molybdenum disulfide and Wolfram disulfide. German Patent No. 1,090,804 teaches the use of alkali metal phosphates and/ or alkaline earth metal phosphates as additives to lubricants to improve the extreme pressure lubricating properties.
It is the primary object of this invention to introduce a novel extreme pressure lubricating composition. A further object is upgrading mineral and synthetic lubricating oils to impart extreme pressure lubricating characteristics thereto. Other objects and advantages of this invention are detailed in or will be apparent from this application.
This invention comprises an extreme pressure lubricant based on mineral or synthetic lubricating oils and lubricating greases containing solid lubricants, particularly those solid lubricants having laminar structure, in combination with metallic salts of phosphorated oxygen acids which are essentially insoluble in water.
The treatment of metals with aqueous bonderizing baths is known. This bonderizing treatment forms a layer on the metal surface providing effective lubrication. The excess bonderizing agent is removed and the metal is dried after the bonderizing treatment in the aqueous bath. The bonderizing of metal surfaces involves the use of an extremely strong aqueous acid bath which must con tain uncombined phosphoric acid in concentrations of about to 50 percent by weight.
The bonderizing treatment produces a surface layer on the metal which provides effective lubrication over a short period of time but such treatment does not provide a lifetime or permanent lubrication. Thus it could not be inferred from the known bonderizing treatment that the use of metallic salts of phosporated oxygen acids which are insoluble in water as additives to known mineral and synthetic oils and greases containing known solid lubricants would produce a novel and highly eliective extreme pressure lubricant. The new extreme pressure lubricants so prepared do not require the presence of uncombined acids as is required in the bonderizing process.
The compositions of this invention must contain three components, namely: (1) a mineral lubricating oil or grease or a synthetic oil or grease; (2) a solid lubricant; and (3) the water insoluble metal salt of phosphorated oxygen acids.
"ice
The first component is any of the known bases for lubricants. These lubricants are essentially anhydrous and may have any consistency from thin fluid to heavily loaded greases which appear to be hard waxes. Dispersing agents may be contained in the lubricant to insure even and thorough distribution of the solid additives including the solid lubricant (2) and the metal salt additives (3) throughout the base lubricant. Thorough and even distribution of the extreme pressure metal salt additive (3) is required to minimize settling out or sedimentation of the additive and to secure the best possible extreme pressure characteristics. Suitable base lubricants include mineral oils, mineral greases, alkali metal soaps of high fatty acids, natural and synthetic waxes, including beeswax, carnauba wax, oxide waxes, ceresites, ozocerites and others, synthetic lubricating oils based on polyisobutenes, polyglycols, polyesters, phosphoric acid esters, fluorocarbons, silicones, silicate esters, polyphenylether and others.
The solid lubricants employed herein are any of those known solid substances providing effective lubrication. Particularly known for this use and employed herein are heavy metal sulfides as exemplified by M08 and W8 selenides and tellurides of Mo and W, graphite, hydroxides of Ca, Li, Mg, Cd, Fe, Co, Ni, and Mn, calcium cyanamide, halides of Mn, Ca, Cd, Zn, Fe and Co and similar solid lubricants as well as mixtures thereof.
The metal salt of phosphorated oxygen acid which is insoluble in water can be derived from the acids of the electropositive pentavalent or trivalent phosphorous. The salts can be derived from monomeric phosphorous and *orthophosphoric acid as well as from condensation products and/ or oligomeric and polymeric phosphorated oxygen derivatives such as pyrophosphoric acid, orthophosphoric acid, hypophosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, hypoand pyro-phosphorous acids and meta-phosphoric acid. Generally preferred are the phosphates of aluminum, manganese, zinc, iron, magnesium, barium, calcium, boron, cadmium, copper and lead which are at most only slightly soluble in water.
In general, the solid lubricants and the metallic salts of phosphorated oxygen acids are employed in proportions of from 0.5 to percent by Weight 'based on the weight of the total lubricant composition and the preferred range of said additives is from 3 to 60 percent by weight on the stated basis. The metal salts of phosphorated oxygen acids are employed in proportions of from 2 to 50 percent by weight, preferably 5 to 25 percent, based on the weight of the metallic salt and solid lubricant employed.
By way of example and not limiting the scope of the invention, some lubricants according to this invention are described in the following examples. The tests were carried out on the four-ball apparatus and on the Almen- Wieland machine and the essential improvement of the lubricating properties of the combination according to this invention is compared with the lubricants containing only one component in the same quantity.
Example 1 Oils: Four-ball apparatus, kg. (at) Mineral oil Mineral oil+5% phosphate of iron 340 Mineral oil+5% molybdenum disulfide Mineral oil+2.5% phosphate of iron+2.5%
molybdenum disulfide 480 (b) Mineral oil 100 Mineral oil+;5% phosphate of aluminium 100 Mineral oil+5% molybdenum disulfide 180 Mineral oil+2.5% phosphate of aluminium +25% molybdenum disulfide 280 3 Example 2 Pastes: Almen-Wieland machine, plates (a) Mineral oil 4 Mineral oil+25% molybdenum disulfide 38 Mineral oil+25% phosphate of aluminium 7 Mineral oil+12.5% molybdenum disulfide +12.5% phosphate of aluminium 40 (b) Mineral oil 4 Mineral oil+25% WS 37 Mineral oil+25% calcium phosphate 17 Mineral oil-142.5% WS +12.5% calcium phosphate 40 Elongation of shaft.
Example 3 Greases: Almen-Wieland machine, plates (a) Lithium base grease 12 Lithium grease+30% phosphate of aluminium 36 Lithium grease+30% calcium hydroxide 25 Lithium grease-[-15 phosphate of aluminium 1 calcium hydroxide 40' Elongation of shaft.
Almen Wieland Founball ap. machine paratus kg. 1
(b) Lithium base grease 12 plates 140 Lithium grease+4% M082... 39 plates 240 Lithium grease +4% phos. 35 to 36 plates... 300
phate of aluminum. Lithium grease+2% phos 38 plates 340 hate oi aluminum+2% 1032.
1 Permissible load before fretting occurs.
Example 4 Equivalent improvement was achieved when Example 1 was repeated employing a silicone lubricant, a polyester lubricant, a phosphoric acid ester or an alkali metal soap of lauric acid as the lubricant.
Example 5 Equivalent improvement was achieved when Example 2 was repeated employing Wolfram disulfide, graphite,
Wolfram selenide, Wolfram telluride, lithium hydroxide, 5
zinc chloride, cobalt bromide and selenides and tellurides of molybdenum as the solid lubricant in place of the M08 4 Example 6 Equivalent improvement was achieved when Example 1 was repeated employing phosphates of Al, Mn, Zn, Mg, Ba, Ca, B, Cd, Cu and Pb in place of the iron phosphate.
That which is claimed is:
1. A lubricant composition consisting essentially of Inbricating oils or soap-thickened greases and containing in synergistic proportions (a) a solid lubricant selected from the group consisting otmolybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, and calcium hydroxide and (b) an essentially water insoluble metal salt of a phosphorated oxygen acid and a metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, iron, and calcium.
2. The lubricant of claim 1 further characterized in that the solid lubricant is molybdenum disulfide and the Water insoluble metal salt is aluminum phosphate or iron phosphate.
3. The lubricant of claim 1 further characterized in that the solid lubricant is calcium hydroxide and the water insoluble metal salt is aluminum phosphate.
4. The lubricant of claim 1 further characterized in that the solid lubricant is tungsten disulfide and the water insoluble metal salt is calcium phosphate.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,449,510 9/1948 Robertson 25225 2,635,078 4/1953 Stross et al. 25225 2,807,583 9/1957 Bratz et al. 252-48 2,921,899 1/1960 Sproule et al. 25221 2,964,475 12/ 1960 Morway 25218 2,967,151 1/1961 Morway 25218 3,009,875 11/1961 Rocchini et al. 252-25 3,127,346 3/1964 Oliver et al. 25225 3,159,575 12/1964 Criddle 25225 3,223,624 12/ 1965 Morway et a1. 25225 3,271,309 9/1966 Caruso 2152- FOREIGN PATENTS 526,546 6/1956 Canada. 854,850 11/1960 Great Britain.
DANIEL E. WYMAN, Primary Examiner.
I. VAUGHN, Assistant Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. A LUBRICANT COMPOSITION CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF LUBRICATING OILS OR SOAP-THICKENED GREASES AND CONTAINING IN SYNERGISTIC PROPORTIONS (A) A SOLID LUBRICANT SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF MOLYBDENUM DISULFIDE, TUNGSTEN DISULFIDE, AND CALCIUM HYDROXIDE AND (B) AN ESSENTIALLY WATER INSOLUBLE METAL SALT OF A PHOSPHORATED OXYGEN ACID AND A METAL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ALUMINUM, IRON, AND CALCIUM.
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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3844955A (en) * 1973-05-29 1974-10-29 Texaco Inc Extreme pressure grease with improved wear characteristics
US4107058A (en) * 1977-08-19 1978-08-15 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Pressure grease composition
US4211662A (en) * 1978-06-06 1980-07-08 Pennwalt Corporation Synergistic lubricating compositions
US4308182A (en) * 1978-06-06 1981-12-29 Pennwalt Corporation Dry wire drawing lubricants based on Poly (3,5-dithio-1,2,4-thiadiazole) and Poly (2,5-dithio-1,3,4-thiadiazole)
US4675121A (en) * 1985-02-25 1987-06-23 Witco Corporation Lubricant compositions
US4713186A (en) * 1985-09-09 1987-12-15 Lonza Ltd. Lubricant additive in powder to paste form
US4808324A (en) * 1986-04-04 1989-02-28 Lonza Ltd. Lubricant system for sheet and section rolling mills
US5015401A (en) * 1990-10-16 1991-05-14 Hughes Tool Company Bearings grease for rock bit bearings
US5016456A (en) * 1988-03-30 1991-05-21 Lonza Ltd. Process for making hollow billets into tubes
US5042209A (en) * 1988-01-19 1991-08-27 Lonza Ltd. Process for charging a carrier gas stream with a free-flowing material and process for operating the device
US5099667A (en) * 1989-06-16 1992-03-31 Lonza Ltd. System for suspending and applying solid lubricants to tools or work pieces
US5102468A (en) * 1987-09-29 1992-04-07 Lonza Ltd. Device for applying a descaling agent to the inner surface of a hollow billet
US5205488A (en) * 1990-03-26 1993-04-27 Lonza Ltd. Process and device for spraying a liquid intermittently, especially a lubricant suspension to be sprayed under high pressure
US5254273A (en) * 1990-08-06 1993-10-19 Kyodo Yushi Co., Ltd. Grease composition
US5271854A (en) * 1986-09-23 1993-12-21 Lonza Ltd. High temperature lubricant containing carboxylated styrene-butadiene latex
US5273667A (en) * 1991-09-12 1993-12-28 Gill Colman A Recovery and utilization of phosphate sludge
US5851962A (en) * 1992-08-18 1998-12-22 Ethyl Japan Corporation Lubricant composition for wet clutch or wet brake

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US2449510A (en) * 1946-05-07 1948-09-14 Westinghouse Electric Corp Lubricants
US2635078A (en) * 1950-11-27 1953-04-14 Shell Dev Grease compositions
US2807583A (en) * 1951-12-18 1957-09-24 American Chain & Cable Co Lubricant for bowden wire mechanisms
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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3844955A (en) * 1973-05-29 1974-10-29 Texaco Inc Extreme pressure grease with improved wear characteristics
US4107058A (en) * 1977-08-19 1978-08-15 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Pressure grease composition
US4211662A (en) * 1978-06-06 1980-07-08 Pennwalt Corporation Synergistic lubricating compositions
US4308182A (en) * 1978-06-06 1981-12-29 Pennwalt Corporation Dry wire drawing lubricants based on Poly (3,5-dithio-1,2,4-thiadiazole) and Poly (2,5-dithio-1,3,4-thiadiazole)
US4675121A (en) * 1985-02-25 1987-06-23 Witco Corporation Lubricant compositions
US4713186A (en) * 1985-09-09 1987-12-15 Lonza Ltd. Lubricant additive in powder to paste form
US4808324A (en) * 1986-04-04 1989-02-28 Lonza Ltd. Lubricant system for sheet and section rolling mills
US5271854A (en) * 1986-09-23 1993-12-21 Lonza Ltd. High temperature lubricant containing carboxylated styrene-butadiene latex
US5102468A (en) * 1987-09-29 1992-04-07 Lonza Ltd. Device for applying a descaling agent to the inner surface of a hollow billet
US5042209A (en) * 1988-01-19 1991-08-27 Lonza Ltd. Process for charging a carrier gas stream with a free-flowing material and process for operating the device
US5016456A (en) * 1988-03-30 1991-05-21 Lonza Ltd. Process for making hollow billets into tubes
US5099667A (en) * 1989-06-16 1992-03-31 Lonza Ltd. System for suspending and applying solid lubricants to tools or work pieces
US5205488A (en) * 1990-03-26 1993-04-27 Lonza Ltd. Process and device for spraying a liquid intermittently, especially a lubricant suspension to be sprayed under high pressure
US5254273A (en) * 1990-08-06 1993-10-19 Kyodo Yushi Co., Ltd. Grease composition
US5015401A (en) * 1990-10-16 1991-05-14 Hughes Tool Company Bearings grease for rock bit bearings
US5273667A (en) * 1991-09-12 1993-12-28 Gill Colman A Recovery and utilization of phosphate sludge
US5851962A (en) * 1992-08-18 1998-12-22 Ethyl Japan Corporation Lubricant composition for wet clutch or wet brake

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