CA2310352A1 - Gear lubricating oil composition - Google Patents
Gear lubricating oil composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2310352A1 CA2310352A1 CA002310352A CA2310352A CA2310352A1 CA 2310352 A1 CA2310352 A1 CA 2310352A1 CA 002310352 A CA002310352 A CA 002310352A CA 2310352 A CA2310352 A CA 2310352A CA 2310352 A1 CA2310352 A1 CA 2310352A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- terms
- content
- gear
- extreme pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- -1 alkali metal borate Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000012208 gear oil Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 33
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- HUNGQTAXBUKZGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripotassium borate hydrate Chemical compound O.[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] HUNGQTAXBUKZGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- SXYOAESUCSYJNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;bis(6-methylheptoxy)-sulfanylidene-sulfido-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC(C)CCCCCOP([S-])(=S)OCCCCCC(C)C.CC(C)CCCCCOP([S-])(=S)OCCCCCC(C)C SXYOAESUCSYJNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 101100208720 Homo sapiens USP5 gene Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 102100021017 Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 5 Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000573 anti-seizure effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 2
- QBCOASQOMILNBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N didodecoxy(oxo)phosphanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO[P+](=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCC QBCOASQOMILNBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JTXUVYOABGUBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N didodecyl hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCC JTXUVYOABGUBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005078 molybdenum compound Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002752 molybdenum compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WRKCIHRWQZQBOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOP(O)(O)=O WRKCIHRWQZQBOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 2
- QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N (z)-octadec-9-en-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCN QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AAOADXIHXYIOMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-biphenyl;phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 AAOADXIHXYIOMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJECKFZULSWXPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-didodecylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1CCCCCCCCCCCC WJECKFZULSWXPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YEVQZPWSVWZAOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(bromomethyl)-1-iodo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=C(I)C(CBr)=C1 YEVQZPWSVWZAOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JYFHYPJRHGVZDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(O)(=O)OCCCC JYFHYPJRHGVZDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCFQLCPMVCXRHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] KCFQLCPMVCXRHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical compound C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AOZDHFFNBZAHJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-hexanoyloxy-2,2-bis(hexanoyloxymethyl)propyl] hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCCCC)(COC(=O)CCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCC AOZDHFFNBZAHJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 1
- SAOKZLXYCUGLFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC SAOKZLXYCUGLFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFFZELZOEWLYNK-CLFAGFIQSA-N bis[(z)-octadec-9-enyl] hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCOP(O)(=O)OCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC WFFZELZOEWLYNK-CLFAGFIQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- BNMJSBUIDQYHIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(O)(O)=O BNMJSBUIDQYHIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GHKVUVOPHDYRJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N didodecyl hexanedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCC GHKVUVOPHDYRJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HTDKEJXHILZNPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOP(O)(=O)OCCCCCCCC HTDKEJXHILZNPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- DVQBUCQFLUNZHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexoxy-hexylsulfanyl-hydroxy-sulfanylidene-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound CCCCCCOP(O)(=S)SCCCCCC DVQBUCQFLUNZHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- GBHRVZIGDIUCJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogenphosphite Chemical compound OP([O-])[O-] GBHRVZIGDIUCJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008301 phosphite esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003873 salicylate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- WUUHFRRPHJEEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripotassium borate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] WUUHFRRPHJEEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019871 vegetable fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M141/10—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic phosphorus-containing compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
- C10M125/26—Compounds containing silicon or boron, e.g. silica, sand
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/02—Sulfurised compounds
- C10M135/04—Hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/02—Sulfurised compounds
- C10M135/06—Esters, e.g. fats
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
- C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
- C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
- C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
- C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
- C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M137/10—Thio derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/087—Boron oxides, acids or salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
- C10M2201/102—Silicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
- C10M2201/105—Silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
- C10M2219/022—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
- C10M2219/024—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds of esters, e.g. fats
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/041—Triaryl phosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/049—Phosphite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/10—Phosphatides, e.g. lecithin, cephalin
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Abstract
A gear lubricating oil composition comprising a base oil of lubricating viscosity having dissolved or dispersed therein an alkali metal borate or a hydrate thereof in an amount of 0.04 to 1.0 wt % in terms of boron content, an oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent in an amount of 0.01 to 5.0 wt % in terms of sulfur content, an oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agent in an amount of 0.001 to 1.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content, and a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate in an amount of 0.01 to 1.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content.
Description
GEAR LUBRICATING OIL COMPOSITION
The present invention relates to a novel gear lubricating oil composition. The novel gear lubricating oil composition comprises an alkali metal borate or hydrate thereof, an oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent, an oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agent and a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate.
This unique combination of compounds provides improved extreme pressure and antiwear performance, especially at high temperatures, in gears.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Hitherto, various lubricating oils have been used to lubricate friction parts of internal combustion engines and machine tools. Previously, lubricating oils were composed of only a base oil component such as mineral oil and vegetable oil or fat, but many sorts of additives have been developed and are used currently because a variety of functions have been required for preparing lubricating oils.
Therefore, most of the lubricating oils used now are lubricating oil compositions containing additives dispersed or dissolved in base oil.
A gear lubricating oil (gear oil), which lubricates gears of machine tools or motor cars, also contains various additives for improving lubricity or heat resistance.
Recently, gears of vehicles such as motor cars driven at a high speed have been increasingly used. These gears must be made small, in consideration of transmission torque in view of setting space. Accordingly, they often bear high contact pressure, and hence high lubricity and excellent heat resistance are particularly required of a gear oil for those gears. In fact, gear oils containing sulfur-containing extreme pressure agents or phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agents (which are together called "SP extreme pressure agents") have been generally used. However, even the gear oils containing SP extreme pressure agents can not fully lubricate the gears of recent motor cars, which are driven under severe conditions. For example, since the gears of recent motor cars are usually set in a closed system, a lubricating oil for the gears (a gear lubricating oil) is liable to increase its temperature to a higher level. The lubricating oil at a high temperature often causes unstable working of the gears.
Further, if the gear lubricating oil is used at a high temperature for a long time, it typically deteriorates.
Accordingly, various gear lubricating oil compositions have been hitherto proposed with the intention of improving heat resistance.
Japanese Patent Provisional Publication No. 5-209184 discloses a gear oil composition for motor cars. The composition improves anti-seizure properties, thermal stability and high temperature-oxidation stability. This composition comprises a sulfur or phosphorus extreme pressure agent, an alkali metal borate hydrate, and a polyester or an ether such as polyol ester or polyoxyethylene ~alkylether.
Japanese Patent Provisional Publication No. 6-192674 also discloses a gear oil composition for motor cars. The composition provides improved anti-seizure, oxidation stability and friction properties. This composition comprises a sulfur or phosphorus extreme pressure agent, an alkali metal borate hydrate and an aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid or an ester thereof.
Japanese Patent Provisional Publication No. 6-200269 discloses a gear oil composition that is useful for wet brakes. The composition comprises an alkali metal borate hydrate, a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate and an a friction modifier instead of a sulfur or phosphorus extreme pressure agent.
Japanese Patent Provisional Publication No. 6-220475 discloses a gear oil composition comprising an alkali metal borate hydrate, an organic molybdenum compound, and a phosphoric ester or hydrocarbon sulfide.
Japanese Patent Provisional Publication No. 6-256783 discloses a gear oil composition for motor cars. The composition improves thermal stability and oxidation stability. This composition comprises an alkali metal borate hydrate, a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, and a polyester or an ether such as polyol ester or polyoxyethylene alkylether.
Japanese Patent Provisional Publication No. 7-258674 discloses a gear oil composition for motor cars. The composition can lubricate both manual change gears and final reduction gears equipped with Limited Slip Differential (LSD), and provides improved extreme-pressure properties, antiwear properties, synchronizing properties, oxidation stability and LSD performance. This composition comprises a sulfur or phosphorus extreme pressure agent, an alkali metal borate hydrate, and a detergent-dispersant of alkaline earth metal type.
Japanese Patent Provisional Publication No. 9-132790 discloses another gear oil composition for motor cars that can lubricate both manual change gears and final reduction gears. The composition comprises a base oil having a particular kinetic viscosity, a sulfur or phosphorus extreme pressure agent, an alkali metal borate hydrate in an amount less than that of the extreme pressure agent, and a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate in an amount less than that of the extreme pressure agent.
This composition provides improved extreme-pressure properties, anti-pitching properties, synchronizing properties, oxidation stability, anti-sludge properties, and storage stability.
U.S. Patent Number 4,717,490 discloses an alkali metal borate-containing lubricating oil containing an alkali metal borate, an oil-soluble sulfur compound, a dialkyl hydrogen phosphite, and a mixture of neutralized phosphates, said phosphates being essentially free of monothiophosphates which provides a lubricant with superior load-carrying properties.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It has now been found that a gear lubricating oil composition containing an alkali metal borate or hydrate thereof, an oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent, an oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agent and a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate provides surprisingly improved antiwear capacity, especially at high temperatures, thus reducing wear on the gears commonly found, for example, in transmissions, axles, trans-axles and industrial machinery, such as stationary gear boxes.
In its broadest embodiment, the present invention relates to a gear lubricating oil composition comprising:
a) a major amount of a base oil of lubricating viscosity, b) 0.04 to 1.0 wt % in terms of boron content of an alkali metal borate or hydrate thereof, c) 0.01 to 5.0 wt % in terms of sulfur content of an oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent, d) 0.001 to 1.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content of an oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agent, and e) 0.01 to 1.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content of a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate.
In the gear lubricating oil composition or in the gear oil additive concentrate of the present invention, the boron content of the alkali metal borate or hydrate thereof preferably is not less than 1/10 by weight, based on the sulfur content, of said oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent.
The present invention also relates to a gear oil additive concentrate containing a diluent and the gear lubricating oil composition of the present invention.
A minor but effective amount of the gear oil additive concentrate of the present invention may be incorporated into a major amount of lubricating oil to improve the high temperature antiwear performance by the gear lubricating oil composition.
This invention further provides a method of producing the gear lubricating oil composition of the present invention by blending a mixture of a major amount of a base oil of lubricating viscosity and effective amount of an alkali metal borate or hydrate thereof, an oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent, an oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agent and a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate to improve the high temperature antiwear properties.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The gear lubricating oil composition of the present invention comprises a major amount of a base oil of lubricating viscosity, an alkali metal borate or a hydrate thereof, an oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent, an oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agent and a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate.
The gear lubricating oil composition of the invention mainly comprises the following additive components dispersed or dissolved in a base oil:
a) a major amount of a base oil of lubricating viscosity, b) an alkali metal borate or a hydrate thereof in an amount of 0.04 to 1.0 wt % in terms of boron content, c) an oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent in an amount of 0.01 to 5.0 wt % in terms of sulfur content, d) an oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agent in an amount of 0.001 to 1.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content, and e) a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate in an amount of 0.01 to 1.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content.
Each additive component used in the gear lubricating oil composition of the present invention is prepared by reaction of known materials in an organic solvent (e.g., a petroleum component or synthetic oil component similar to the base oil).
The solvent may be partly removed by evaporation after the reaction, if needed, and thereby the additive component can be obtained in the form of a concentrated solution or dispersion. The concentration of each component slightly varies according to the nature of the component, and hence in this specification the concentration of each component is described in terms of boron, sulfur or phosphorus content (wt %).
The present invention relates to a novel gear lubricating oil composition. The novel gear lubricating oil composition comprises an alkali metal borate or hydrate thereof, an oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent, an oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agent and a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate.
This unique combination of compounds provides improved extreme pressure and antiwear performance, especially at high temperatures, in gears.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Hitherto, various lubricating oils have been used to lubricate friction parts of internal combustion engines and machine tools. Previously, lubricating oils were composed of only a base oil component such as mineral oil and vegetable oil or fat, but many sorts of additives have been developed and are used currently because a variety of functions have been required for preparing lubricating oils.
Therefore, most of the lubricating oils used now are lubricating oil compositions containing additives dispersed or dissolved in base oil.
A gear lubricating oil (gear oil), which lubricates gears of machine tools or motor cars, also contains various additives for improving lubricity or heat resistance.
Recently, gears of vehicles such as motor cars driven at a high speed have been increasingly used. These gears must be made small, in consideration of transmission torque in view of setting space. Accordingly, they often bear high contact pressure, and hence high lubricity and excellent heat resistance are particularly required of a gear oil for those gears. In fact, gear oils containing sulfur-containing extreme pressure agents or phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agents (which are together called "SP extreme pressure agents") have been generally used. However, even the gear oils containing SP extreme pressure agents can not fully lubricate the gears of recent motor cars, which are driven under severe conditions. For example, since the gears of recent motor cars are usually set in a closed system, a lubricating oil for the gears (a gear lubricating oil) is liable to increase its temperature to a higher level. The lubricating oil at a high temperature often causes unstable working of the gears.
Further, if the gear lubricating oil is used at a high temperature for a long time, it typically deteriorates.
Accordingly, various gear lubricating oil compositions have been hitherto proposed with the intention of improving heat resistance.
Japanese Patent Provisional Publication No. 5-209184 discloses a gear oil composition for motor cars. The composition improves anti-seizure properties, thermal stability and high temperature-oxidation stability. This composition comprises a sulfur or phosphorus extreme pressure agent, an alkali metal borate hydrate, and a polyester or an ether such as polyol ester or polyoxyethylene ~alkylether.
Japanese Patent Provisional Publication No. 6-192674 also discloses a gear oil composition for motor cars. The composition provides improved anti-seizure, oxidation stability and friction properties. This composition comprises a sulfur or phosphorus extreme pressure agent, an alkali metal borate hydrate and an aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid or an ester thereof.
Japanese Patent Provisional Publication No. 6-200269 discloses a gear oil composition that is useful for wet brakes. The composition comprises an alkali metal borate hydrate, a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate and an a friction modifier instead of a sulfur or phosphorus extreme pressure agent.
Japanese Patent Provisional Publication No. 6-220475 discloses a gear oil composition comprising an alkali metal borate hydrate, an organic molybdenum compound, and a phosphoric ester or hydrocarbon sulfide.
Japanese Patent Provisional Publication No. 6-256783 discloses a gear oil composition for motor cars. The composition improves thermal stability and oxidation stability. This composition comprises an alkali metal borate hydrate, a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, and a polyester or an ether such as polyol ester or polyoxyethylene alkylether.
Japanese Patent Provisional Publication No. 7-258674 discloses a gear oil composition for motor cars. The composition can lubricate both manual change gears and final reduction gears equipped with Limited Slip Differential (LSD), and provides improved extreme-pressure properties, antiwear properties, synchronizing properties, oxidation stability and LSD performance. This composition comprises a sulfur or phosphorus extreme pressure agent, an alkali metal borate hydrate, and a detergent-dispersant of alkaline earth metal type.
Japanese Patent Provisional Publication No. 9-132790 discloses another gear oil composition for motor cars that can lubricate both manual change gears and final reduction gears. The composition comprises a base oil having a particular kinetic viscosity, a sulfur or phosphorus extreme pressure agent, an alkali metal borate hydrate in an amount less than that of the extreme pressure agent, and a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate in an amount less than that of the extreme pressure agent.
This composition provides improved extreme-pressure properties, anti-pitching properties, synchronizing properties, oxidation stability, anti-sludge properties, and storage stability.
U.S. Patent Number 4,717,490 discloses an alkali metal borate-containing lubricating oil containing an alkali metal borate, an oil-soluble sulfur compound, a dialkyl hydrogen phosphite, and a mixture of neutralized phosphates, said phosphates being essentially free of monothiophosphates which provides a lubricant with superior load-carrying properties.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It has now been found that a gear lubricating oil composition containing an alkali metal borate or hydrate thereof, an oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent, an oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agent and a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate provides surprisingly improved antiwear capacity, especially at high temperatures, thus reducing wear on the gears commonly found, for example, in transmissions, axles, trans-axles and industrial machinery, such as stationary gear boxes.
In its broadest embodiment, the present invention relates to a gear lubricating oil composition comprising:
a) a major amount of a base oil of lubricating viscosity, b) 0.04 to 1.0 wt % in terms of boron content of an alkali metal borate or hydrate thereof, c) 0.01 to 5.0 wt % in terms of sulfur content of an oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent, d) 0.001 to 1.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content of an oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agent, and e) 0.01 to 1.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content of a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate.
In the gear lubricating oil composition or in the gear oil additive concentrate of the present invention, the boron content of the alkali metal borate or hydrate thereof preferably is not less than 1/10 by weight, based on the sulfur content, of said oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent.
The present invention also relates to a gear oil additive concentrate containing a diluent and the gear lubricating oil composition of the present invention.
A minor but effective amount of the gear oil additive concentrate of the present invention may be incorporated into a major amount of lubricating oil to improve the high temperature antiwear performance by the gear lubricating oil composition.
This invention further provides a method of producing the gear lubricating oil composition of the present invention by blending a mixture of a major amount of a base oil of lubricating viscosity and effective amount of an alkali metal borate or hydrate thereof, an oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent, an oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agent and a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate to improve the high temperature antiwear properties.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The gear lubricating oil composition of the present invention comprises a major amount of a base oil of lubricating viscosity, an alkali metal borate or a hydrate thereof, an oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent, an oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agent and a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate.
The gear lubricating oil composition of the invention mainly comprises the following additive components dispersed or dissolved in a base oil:
a) a major amount of a base oil of lubricating viscosity, b) an alkali metal borate or a hydrate thereof in an amount of 0.04 to 1.0 wt % in terms of boron content, c) an oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent in an amount of 0.01 to 5.0 wt % in terms of sulfur content, d) an oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agent in an amount of 0.001 to 1.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content, and e) a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate in an amount of 0.01 to 1.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content.
Each additive component used in the gear lubricating oil composition of the present invention is prepared by reaction of known materials in an organic solvent (e.g., a petroleum component or synthetic oil component similar to the base oil).
The solvent may be partly removed by evaporation after the reaction, if needed, and thereby the additive component can be obtained in the form of a concentrated solution or dispersion. The concentration of each component slightly varies according to the nature of the component, and hence in this specification the concentration of each component is described in terms of boron, sulfur or phosphorus content (wt %).
Base Oil of Lubricating Viscosity The base oil of lubricating viscosity used in such compositions may be mineral oils or synthetic oils of viscosity suitable for use in gears. The base oils may be derived from synthetic or natural sources. Mineral oils for use as the base oil in this invention include, for example, paraffinic, naphthenic and other oils that are ordinarily used in lubricating oil compositions. Synthetic oils include, for example, both hydrocarbon synthetic oils and synthetic esters and mixtures thereof having desired viscosity. Useful synthetic hydrocarbon oils include liquid polymers of alpha olefins having the proper viscosity. Especially useful are the hydrogenated liquid oligomers of C6 to C~2 alpha olefins such as 1-decene trimer. Likewise, alkyl benzenes of proper viscosity, such as didodecyl benzene, can be used. Useful synthetic esters include the esters of monocarboxylic acids and polycarboxylic acids, as well as mono-hydroxy alkanols and polyols. Typical examples are didodecyl adipate, pentaerythritol tetracaproate, di-2-ethylhexyl adipate, dilaurylsebacate, and the like. Complex esters prepared from mixtures of mono and dicarboxylic acids and mono and dihydroxy alkanols can also be used.
Blends of mineral oils with synthetic oils are also useful. The base oil usually has a viscosity measured at 100°C in the range of about 1 to 50 cSt.
Alkali Metal Borates Alkali metal borates or hydrates thereof are well known in the art and are available commercially. Examples of the alkali metal borates or hydrates thereof include potassium borate hydrate and sodium borate hydrate represented by KB305~H20 and NaB305~H20, respectively. These alkali metal borate hydrates are, for example, prepared by the steps of dissolving potassium (or sodium) hydroxide and boric acid in water so that the atomic ratio of boron to alkali metal (potassium or sodium) would be in the range of 2.0 to 4.5 (boron/alkali metal), dispersing the solution in an oily solution containing a neutral alkaline earth metal sulfonate or an ashless dispersant of succinic imide type, and allowing it to react to obtain the desired hydrate in the form of a dispersion liquid of fine particles.
Blends of mineral oils with synthetic oils are also useful. The base oil usually has a viscosity measured at 100°C in the range of about 1 to 50 cSt.
Alkali Metal Borates Alkali metal borates or hydrates thereof are well known in the art and are available commercially. Examples of the alkali metal borates or hydrates thereof include potassium borate hydrate and sodium borate hydrate represented by KB305~H20 and NaB305~H20, respectively. These alkali metal borate hydrates are, for example, prepared by the steps of dissolving potassium (or sodium) hydroxide and boric acid in water so that the atomic ratio of boron to alkali metal (potassium or sodium) would be in the range of 2.0 to 4.5 (boron/alkali metal), dispersing the solution in an oily solution containing a neutral alkaline earth metal sulfonate or an ashless dispersant of succinic imide type, and allowing it to react to obtain the desired hydrate in the form of a dispersion liquid of fine particles.
The gear lubricating oil composition of the invention comprises the alkali metal borate or hydrate thereof in an amount of 0.04 to 1.0 wt % in terms of boron content, preferably 0.05 to 0.6 wt %, more preferably 0.08 to 0.5 wt%. This amount corresponds to about 0.6 to 15 wt % of alkali metal borate or hydrate thereof in the lubricating oil composition, if OLOA9750 (dispersion liquid of potassium borate hydrate, commercially available from Oronite Japan, Ltd., boron content: 6.8 wt %) or OLOA312 (dispersion liquid of potassium borate hydrate, commercially available from Oronite Japan, Ltd., boron content: 6.9 wt %) is used.
Oil-Soluble Sulfur-Containing Extreme Pressure Agent Examples of the oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agents include polyolefin sulfide (e.g., polyisobutylene sulfide), sulfurized fat and polysulfide.
Further, various oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agents described in the aforementioned publications in the BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION are also employable. The oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agents can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
The gear lubricating oil composition of the present invention comprises the oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent in an amount of 0.01 to 5.0 wt in terms of sulfur content. This amount corresponds to about 0.02 to 11 wt %
of the oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent, if Mobilad C100 (solution of polyisobutylene sulfide, commercially available from Mobil Chemical Co., sulfur content: 47 wt %) is used.
Oil-Soluble Phosphorus-Containing Extreme Pressure Agent Examples of the oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agents include esters prepared from phosphorous acid and aliphatic or aromatic alcohols (e.g., dilauryl phosphate, Biphenyl phosphate, dioleyl phosphate, monobutyl phosphate, dibutyl phosphate) and esters prepared from phosphoric acid and aliphatic or aromatic alcohols (e.g., monooctyl phosphate, dioctyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate). Further, various oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agents described in the aforementioned publications in the BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION are also employable. The oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agents can be used singly or in combination of two or more. The oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agents may contain alkylamines (e.g., oleylamine, laurylamine) for neutralization.
The gear lubricating oil composition of the present invention comprises the oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agent in an amount of 0.001 to 1.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content. This amount corresponds to about 0.01 to 16 wt % of the oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agent, if JP212 (solution of dilauryl phosphate, commercially available from Johoku Chemical Co. Ltd., phosphorus content: 6.5 wt %) is used.
Instead of using both of the oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent and the oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agent, an oil-soluble phosphorus/sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent (e.g., di-n-hexyldithiophosphate), which has both phosphorus and sulfur together, may be used. In that case, the amount of the oil-soluble phosphorus/sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent corresponds to the total of the above-mentioned amounts of the oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent and the oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agent.
Zinc Dialkyldithiohho~~hate The zinc dialkyldithiophosphate preferably has a straight- or branched-chain alkyl group such as butyl, hexyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl or hexadecyl.
The zinc dialkyldithiophosphate is preferably contained in an amount of 0.01 to 1.0 wt in terms of phosphorus content. This amount corresponds to about 0.1 to 14 wt of the zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, if OLOA269R (dispersion liquid of zinc diprimaryalkyldithiophosphate, commercially available from Oronite Japan, Ltd., phosphorus content: 7.4 wt %) is used.
Oil-Soluble Sulfur-Containing Extreme Pressure Agent Examples of the oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agents include polyolefin sulfide (e.g., polyisobutylene sulfide), sulfurized fat and polysulfide.
Further, various oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agents described in the aforementioned publications in the BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION are also employable. The oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agents can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
The gear lubricating oil composition of the present invention comprises the oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent in an amount of 0.01 to 5.0 wt in terms of sulfur content. This amount corresponds to about 0.02 to 11 wt %
of the oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent, if Mobilad C100 (solution of polyisobutylene sulfide, commercially available from Mobil Chemical Co., sulfur content: 47 wt %) is used.
Oil-Soluble Phosphorus-Containing Extreme Pressure Agent Examples of the oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agents include esters prepared from phosphorous acid and aliphatic or aromatic alcohols (e.g., dilauryl phosphate, Biphenyl phosphate, dioleyl phosphate, monobutyl phosphate, dibutyl phosphate) and esters prepared from phosphoric acid and aliphatic or aromatic alcohols (e.g., monooctyl phosphate, dioctyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate). Further, various oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agents described in the aforementioned publications in the BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION are also employable. The oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agents can be used singly or in combination of two or more. The oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agents may contain alkylamines (e.g., oleylamine, laurylamine) for neutralization.
The gear lubricating oil composition of the present invention comprises the oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agent in an amount of 0.001 to 1.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content. This amount corresponds to about 0.01 to 16 wt % of the oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agent, if JP212 (solution of dilauryl phosphate, commercially available from Johoku Chemical Co. Ltd., phosphorus content: 6.5 wt %) is used.
Instead of using both of the oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent and the oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agent, an oil-soluble phosphorus/sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent (e.g., di-n-hexyldithiophosphate), which has both phosphorus and sulfur together, may be used. In that case, the amount of the oil-soluble phosphorus/sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent corresponds to the total of the above-mentioned amounts of the oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent and the oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agent.
Zinc Dialkyldithiohho~~hate The zinc dialkyldithiophosphate preferably has a straight- or branched-chain alkyl group such as butyl, hexyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl or hexadecyl.
The zinc dialkyldithiophosphate is preferably contained in an amount of 0.01 to 1.0 wt in terms of phosphorus content. This amount corresponds to about 0.1 to 14 wt of the zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, if OLOA269R (dispersion liquid of zinc diprimaryalkyldithiophosphate, commercially available from Oronite Japan, Ltd., phosphorus content: 7.4 wt %) is used.
The Gear Lubricating Oil Composition The gear lubricating oil composition of the present invention is useful in a method of improving the high temperature antiwear performance of gears. In that method, the gear lubricating oil composition of the present invention is used to lubricate gears.
The gear lubricating oil composition of the present invention can be prepared by successively or simultaneously adding the additive components to a base oil of lubricating viscosity, or by beforehand preparing a gear oil additive concentrate, as herein described below, and then mixing it with a base oil of lubricating viscosity.
In a further embodiment, a gear lubricating oil composition is produced by blending a mixture of the above components. The gear lubricating oil composition produced by that method might have a slightly different composition than the initial mixture, because the components may interact. The components can be blended in any order and can be blended as combinations of components.
Gear Oil Additive Concentrate The gear oil additive concentrate of the present invention usually includes the product produced by blending:
a) 3 to 20 wt % of an organic liquid diluent, b) 0.2 to 5.0 wt %, preferably 0.5 to 3.0 wt %, in terms of boron content of an alkali metal borate or hydrate thereof, c) 0.1 to 25.0 wt % in terms of sulfur content of an oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent, d) 0.01 to 5.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content of an oil-soluble phosphorus-containing pressure agent, and e) 0.1 to 5.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content of a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate.
The concentrates contain sufficient organic liquid diluent to make them easy to handle during shipping and storage. Typically, the concentrate will contain from 3 to 20 wt % of the organic liquid diluent, preferably 5 to 10 wt %.
Suitable organic diluents which can be used include, for example, solvent refined 100N, i.e., Cit-Con 100N, and hydrotreated 100N, i.e., Chevron 100N, and the like. The organic diluent preferably has a viscosity of about from 1.0 to 20 cSt at 100°C.
The components of the gear oil additive concentrate can be blended in any order and can be blended as combinations of components. The concentrate produced by blending the above components might be a slightly different composition than the initial mixture because the components may interact.
Other Additives The following additive components are examples of some of the components that can be favorably employed in the present invention. These~examples of additives are provided to illustrate the present invention, but they are not intended to limit it.
Examples of the other additive components include (alkaline or neutral) metal detergents such as sulfonates, phenates and salicylates of alkaline earth metals;
ashless detergents such as alkenylsuccinimide; oxidation inhibitors such as phenol compounds and amine compounds; defoaming agents such as dimethylpolysiloxane and polyacrylate; friction modifiers such as higher fatty acids, higher alcohols, aliphatic amines, fatty acid amides, esters of fatty acids, sulfurized fats, acidic phosphate esters, acidic phosphite esters, organic molybdenum compounds, and solid lubricants; corrosion inhibitors such as benzotriazole and thiazole; viscosity index improvers (which may be active type having increased dispersability) such as acrylic polymer, methacrylic polymer and olefin copolymer; and pour point depressants such as acrylic polymer, methacrylic polymer, polybutene, polyalkylstyrene and polyvinylacetate.
EXAMPLES
The invention will be further illustrated by the following examples, which set forth particularly advantageous specific embodiments of the present invention. While the examples are provided to illustrate the present invention, they are not intended to limit it.
Example I
Examples 1-2 and Comparison Examples 1-2 The following base oil and additive components were mixed in the amounts shown in Table 1 [unit: wt %; the values in parentheses () are contents of the elements (B: boron, S: sulfur and P: phosphorus) in the resultant composition], to prepare gear lubricating oil compositions.
(1 ) Base oil (petroleum type base oil 1 OONL, 80W90; viscosity at 100°C: about 17 cSt), (2) Dispersion liquid of potassium borate hydrate (OLOA9750, commercially available from Oronite Japan, Ltd.; boron content: 6.8 wt %), (3) Solution of polyisobutylene sulfide (Mobilad C100, commercially available from Mobil Chemical Co.; sulfur content: 47 wt %), (4) Solution of dilauryl phosphite (JP212, commercially available from Johoku Chemical Co. Ltd.; phosphorus content: 6.5 wt %), (5) Dispersion liquid of zinc diprimaryalkyldithiophosphate (OLOA269R, commercially available from Oronite Japan, Ltd.; phosphorus content: 7.4 wt %), and (6) Other additive agents (containing ashless dispersants and defoaming agents).
In order to estimate the performance properties of the prepared gear lubricating oil compositions, wear tests were performed with a Falex Tester (ASTM 3233A) and a Shell 4-Ball Tester under the following conditions. During the tests, elevation of the oil temperature was measured. Further, the ISOT Test (test for evaluating oxidizing stability) was performed under severe thermal conditions to measure the viscosity increase of the gear oil.
The results are shown in Table 2. All of the gear lubricating oil compositions prepared in Examples 1-2 and Comparison Examples 1-2 were subjected to the test with the Falex Tester and the ISOT Test (test for evaluating oxidizing stability), but the test with the Shell 4-Ball Tester was applied to only the gear lubricating oil compositions of Example 1 and Comparison Example 1.
1 ) Test with Falex Tester Rotation rate of axis: 1,000 rpm Load: 136 kg Time for measuring the oil temperature:
~ before the test, ~ when the test started (when the test started immediately after the weight of 136 kg was loaded), ~ 5 minutes after the test started, ~ 10 minutes after the test started, ~ 15 minutes after the test started, and ~ 20 minutes after the test started.
2) Test with Shell 4-Ball Tester Rotation rate of axis: 1,800 rpm Load: 40 kg Time for measuring the oil temperature:
~ when the test started (when the test started immediately after the weight of 40 kg was loaded), ~ 1 hour after the test started, and ~ 2 hours after the test started.
3) ISOT Test (test for evaluating oxidizing stability) Measurement of viscosity elevation Temperature of testing: 180°C
Period of testing: 96 hours Measurement:
The viscosity (cSt) when the test started was measured (at 100°C), and the viscosity (cSt) after heating for 96 hours was measured (at 100°C). From the measured viscosities, the rate of viscosity elevation was calculated.
Table 1 Wt %
of Components Components Ex. 1 Ex. 2 Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex.
Base Oil 92.40 85.40 95.35 94.90 Potassium Borate 3.0 10.00 0.05 0.50 Hydrate (B) (0.204) (0.680) (0.003) (0.034) Polyisobutylene 2.00 2.00 2.0 2.00 Sulfide (S) (0.940) (0.940) (0.940) (0.940) Dilauryl Phosphite0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 (P) (0.040) (0.040) (0.040) (0.040) Zinc Diprimaryalkyl-1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 dithiophosphate (P) (0.074) (0.074) (0.074) (0.074) Other Additive 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 Agents Table 2 Ex. 1 Ex. 2 Comp. Ex. 1 Comp. Ex. 2 1 ) Test with Falex Tester before the test 24C 24C 24C 24C
when the test started26C 27C 25C 28C
after 5 minutes 45C 46C 53C 46C
after 10 minutes 55C 58C 84C 57C
after 15 minutes after 20 minutes 2) Test with Shell 4-Ball Tester when the test started26C --- 26C ---after 1 hour 72C --- 74C ---after 2 hours 77C -- 79C ---3) ISOT Test - viscosity (cSt) when the test started16.89 16.82 16.85 16.77 after 96 hours 36.36 33.21 >20,000 >20,000 viscosity elevation 215% 197% > 1,187% > 1,193%
rate The results in Table 2 indicate that the temperature of the gear oil (lubricating oil) hardly increases when the gear lubricating oil composition of the present invention is used, even while the gears are working under severe conditions. Further, the results also show that the viscosity of the gear lubricating oil composition of the present invention increases only slightly after running at a high temperature for 96 hours. Accordingly, the gear lubricating oil composition of the present invention provides improved high temperature stability of the gear oil and hence improved antiwear performance.
Example 3 A gear oil additive concentrate was prepared from the additive components described in Example 1. The gear oil additive concentrate comprises the following components:
(1 ) An organic liquid diluent, (2) Dispersion liquid of potassium borate hydrate: 39.47 wt % (boron content in the additive composition: 2.68 wt %), (3) Solution of polyisobutylene sulfide: 26.32 wt % (sulfur content in the additive composition: 12.37 wt %), (4) Solution of dilauryl phosphite: 8.16 wt % (phosphorus content in the additive composition: 0.53 wt %), (5) Dispersion liquid of zinc diprimaryalkyldithiophosphate: 13.16 wt (phosphorus content in the additive composition: 1.00 wt %), and (6) Other additive agent: 12.89 wt %.
The gear lubricating oil composition of the present invention has excellent properties as a gear oil, particularly as a lubricating oil composition for gears of motor cars. In particular, even if the composition of the present invention is continuously used for a long time, its temperature increases only slightly.
Therefore, the present invention can be effectively used as a gear oil with improved stability and ensures that gears work for long periods of time without failure.
The gear lubricating oil composition of the present invention can be prepared by successively or simultaneously adding the additive components to a base oil of lubricating viscosity, or by beforehand preparing a gear oil additive concentrate, as herein described below, and then mixing it with a base oil of lubricating viscosity.
In a further embodiment, a gear lubricating oil composition is produced by blending a mixture of the above components. The gear lubricating oil composition produced by that method might have a slightly different composition than the initial mixture, because the components may interact. The components can be blended in any order and can be blended as combinations of components.
Gear Oil Additive Concentrate The gear oil additive concentrate of the present invention usually includes the product produced by blending:
a) 3 to 20 wt % of an organic liquid diluent, b) 0.2 to 5.0 wt %, preferably 0.5 to 3.0 wt %, in terms of boron content of an alkali metal borate or hydrate thereof, c) 0.1 to 25.0 wt % in terms of sulfur content of an oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent, d) 0.01 to 5.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content of an oil-soluble phosphorus-containing pressure agent, and e) 0.1 to 5.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content of a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate.
The concentrates contain sufficient organic liquid diluent to make them easy to handle during shipping and storage. Typically, the concentrate will contain from 3 to 20 wt % of the organic liquid diluent, preferably 5 to 10 wt %.
Suitable organic diluents which can be used include, for example, solvent refined 100N, i.e., Cit-Con 100N, and hydrotreated 100N, i.e., Chevron 100N, and the like. The organic diluent preferably has a viscosity of about from 1.0 to 20 cSt at 100°C.
The components of the gear oil additive concentrate can be blended in any order and can be blended as combinations of components. The concentrate produced by blending the above components might be a slightly different composition than the initial mixture because the components may interact.
Other Additives The following additive components are examples of some of the components that can be favorably employed in the present invention. These~examples of additives are provided to illustrate the present invention, but they are not intended to limit it.
Examples of the other additive components include (alkaline or neutral) metal detergents such as sulfonates, phenates and salicylates of alkaline earth metals;
ashless detergents such as alkenylsuccinimide; oxidation inhibitors such as phenol compounds and amine compounds; defoaming agents such as dimethylpolysiloxane and polyacrylate; friction modifiers such as higher fatty acids, higher alcohols, aliphatic amines, fatty acid amides, esters of fatty acids, sulfurized fats, acidic phosphate esters, acidic phosphite esters, organic molybdenum compounds, and solid lubricants; corrosion inhibitors such as benzotriazole and thiazole; viscosity index improvers (which may be active type having increased dispersability) such as acrylic polymer, methacrylic polymer and olefin copolymer; and pour point depressants such as acrylic polymer, methacrylic polymer, polybutene, polyalkylstyrene and polyvinylacetate.
EXAMPLES
The invention will be further illustrated by the following examples, which set forth particularly advantageous specific embodiments of the present invention. While the examples are provided to illustrate the present invention, they are not intended to limit it.
Example I
Examples 1-2 and Comparison Examples 1-2 The following base oil and additive components were mixed in the amounts shown in Table 1 [unit: wt %; the values in parentheses () are contents of the elements (B: boron, S: sulfur and P: phosphorus) in the resultant composition], to prepare gear lubricating oil compositions.
(1 ) Base oil (petroleum type base oil 1 OONL, 80W90; viscosity at 100°C: about 17 cSt), (2) Dispersion liquid of potassium borate hydrate (OLOA9750, commercially available from Oronite Japan, Ltd.; boron content: 6.8 wt %), (3) Solution of polyisobutylene sulfide (Mobilad C100, commercially available from Mobil Chemical Co.; sulfur content: 47 wt %), (4) Solution of dilauryl phosphite (JP212, commercially available from Johoku Chemical Co. Ltd.; phosphorus content: 6.5 wt %), (5) Dispersion liquid of zinc diprimaryalkyldithiophosphate (OLOA269R, commercially available from Oronite Japan, Ltd.; phosphorus content: 7.4 wt %), and (6) Other additive agents (containing ashless dispersants and defoaming agents).
In order to estimate the performance properties of the prepared gear lubricating oil compositions, wear tests were performed with a Falex Tester (ASTM 3233A) and a Shell 4-Ball Tester under the following conditions. During the tests, elevation of the oil temperature was measured. Further, the ISOT Test (test for evaluating oxidizing stability) was performed under severe thermal conditions to measure the viscosity increase of the gear oil.
The results are shown in Table 2. All of the gear lubricating oil compositions prepared in Examples 1-2 and Comparison Examples 1-2 were subjected to the test with the Falex Tester and the ISOT Test (test for evaluating oxidizing stability), but the test with the Shell 4-Ball Tester was applied to only the gear lubricating oil compositions of Example 1 and Comparison Example 1.
1 ) Test with Falex Tester Rotation rate of axis: 1,000 rpm Load: 136 kg Time for measuring the oil temperature:
~ before the test, ~ when the test started (when the test started immediately after the weight of 136 kg was loaded), ~ 5 minutes after the test started, ~ 10 minutes after the test started, ~ 15 minutes after the test started, and ~ 20 minutes after the test started.
2) Test with Shell 4-Ball Tester Rotation rate of axis: 1,800 rpm Load: 40 kg Time for measuring the oil temperature:
~ when the test started (when the test started immediately after the weight of 40 kg was loaded), ~ 1 hour after the test started, and ~ 2 hours after the test started.
3) ISOT Test (test for evaluating oxidizing stability) Measurement of viscosity elevation Temperature of testing: 180°C
Period of testing: 96 hours Measurement:
The viscosity (cSt) when the test started was measured (at 100°C), and the viscosity (cSt) after heating for 96 hours was measured (at 100°C). From the measured viscosities, the rate of viscosity elevation was calculated.
Table 1 Wt %
of Components Components Ex. 1 Ex. 2 Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex.
Base Oil 92.40 85.40 95.35 94.90 Potassium Borate 3.0 10.00 0.05 0.50 Hydrate (B) (0.204) (0.680) (0.003) (0.034) Polyisobutylene 2.00 2.00 2.0 2.00 Sulfide (S) (0.940) (0.940) (0.940) (0.940) Dilauryl Phosphite0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 (P) (0.040) (0.040) (0.040) (0.040) Zinc Diprimaryalkyl-1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 dithiophosphate (P) (0.074) (0.074) (0.074) (0.074) Other Additive 0.98 0.98 0.98 0.98 Agents Table 2 Ex. 1 Ex. 2 Comp. Ex. 1 Comp. Ex. 2 1 ) Test with Falex Tester before the test 24C 24C 24C 24C
when the test started26C 27C 25C 28C
after 5 minutes 45C 46C 53C 46C
after 10 minutes 55C 58C 84C 57C
after 15 minutes after 20 minutes 2) Test with Shell 4-Ball Tester when the test started26C --- 26C ---after 1 hour 72C --- 74C ---after 2 hours 77C -- 79C ---3) ISOT Test - viscosity (cSt) when the test started16.89 16.82 16.85 16.77 after 96 hours 36.36 33.21 >20,000 >20,000 viscosity elevation 215% 197% > 1,187% > 1,193%
rate The results in Table 2 indicate that the temperature of the gear oil (lubricating oil) hardly increases when the gear lubricating oil composition of the present invention is used, even while the gears are working under severe conditions. Further, the results also show that the viscosity of the gear lubricating oil composition of the present invention increases only slightly after running at a high temperature for 96 hours. Accordingly, the gear lubricating oil composition of the present invention provides improved high temperature stability of the gear oil and hence improved antiwear performance.
Example 3 A gear oil additive concentrate was prepared from the additive components described in Example 1. The gear oil additive concentrate comprises the following components:
(1 ) An organic liquid diluent, (2) Dispersion liquid of potassium borate hydrate: 39.47 wt % (boron content in the additive composition: 2.68 wt %), (3) Solution of polyisobutylene sulfide: 26.32 wt % (sulfur content in the additive composition: 12.37 wt %), (4) Solution of dilauryl phosphite: 8.16 wt % (phosphorus content in the additive composition: 0.53 wt %), (5) Dispersion liquid of zinc diprimaryalkyldithiophosphate: 13.16 wt (phosphorus content in the additive composition: 1.00 wt %), and (6) Other additive agent: 12.89 wt %.
The gear lubricating oil composition of the present invention has excellent properties as a gear oil, particularly as a lubricating oil composition for gears of motor cars. In particular, even if the composition of the present invention is continuously used for a long time, its temperature increases only slightly.
Therefore, the present invention can be effectively used as a gear oil with improved stability and ensures that gears work for long periods of time without failure.
Claims (10)
1. A gear lubricating oil composition comprising:
a) a major amount of a base oil of lubricating viscosity, b) 0.04 to 1.0 wt % in terms of boron content of an alkali metal borate or hydrate thereof, c) 0.01 to 5.0 wt % in terms of sulfur content of an oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent, d) 0.001 to 1.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content of an oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agent, and e) 0.01 to 1.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content of a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate.
a) a major amount of a base oil of lubricating viscosity, b) 0.04 to 1.0 wt % in terms of boron content of an alkali metal borate or hydrate thereof, c) 0.01 to 5.0 wt % in terms of sulfur content of an oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent, d) 0.001 to 1.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content of an oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agent, and e) 0.01 to 1.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content of a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate.
2. The gear lubricating oil composition of Claim 1 wherein the amount of said alkali metal borate or hydrate thereof is in the range of 0.05 to 0.6 wt % in terms of boron content.
3. The gear lubricating oil composition of Claim 1 wherein the amount of said alkali metal borate or hydrate thereof is in the range of 0.08 to 0.5 wt % in terms of boron content.
4. The gear lubricating oil composition of Claim 1, wherein the boron content of said alkali metal borate or hydrate thereof is not less than 1/10 by weight, based on the sulfur content, of said oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent.
5. A gear oil additive concentrate comprising:
a) 3 to 20 wt % of an organic liquid diluent, b) 0.2 to 5.0 wt % in terms of boron content of an alkali metal borate or hydrate thereof, c) 0.1 to 25.0 wt % in terms of sulfur content of an oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent, d) 0.01 to 5.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content of an oil-soluble phosphorus-containing pressure agent, and e) 0.1 to 5.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content of a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate.
a) 3 to 20 wt % of an organic liquid diluent, b) 0.2 to 5.0 wt % in terms of boron content of an alkali metal borate or hydrate thereof, c) 0.1 to 25.0 wt % in terms of sulfur content of an oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent, d) 0.01 to 5.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content of an oil-soluble phosphorus-containing pressure agent, and e) 0.1 to 5.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content of a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate.
6. The gear oil additive concentrate of Claim 5, wherein the amount of said alkali metal borate or hydrate thereof is in the range of 0.5 to 3.0 wt % in terms of boron content.
7. The gear oil additive concentrate of Claim 5, wherein the boron content of said alkali metal borate or hydrate thereof is not less than 1/10 by weight based on the sulfur content of oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent.
8. The gear oil additive concentrate of Claim 6, wherein said oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent comprises polyolefin sulfide.
9. A method of producing a gear lubricating oil composition comprising blending the following components together:
a) a major amount of a base oil of lubricating viscosity, b) 0.04 to 1.0 wt % in terms of boron content of an alkali metal borate or hydrate thereof, c) 0.01 to 5.0 wt % in terms of sulfur content of an oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent, d) 0.001 to 1.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content of an oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agent, and e) 0.01 to 1.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content of a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate.
a) a major amount of a base oil of lubricating viscosity, b) 0.04 to 1.0 wt % in terms of boron content of an alkali metal borate or hydrate thereof, c) 0.01 to 5.0 wt % in terms of sulfur content of an oil-soluble sulfur-containing extreme pressure agent, d) 0.001 to 1.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content of an oil-soluble phosphorus-containing extreme pressure agent, and e) 0.01 to 1.0 wt % in terms of phosphorus content of a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate.
10. A method of improving the high temperature, antiwear performance of gears, said method comprising lubricating said gears with the gear lubricating oil composition of Claim 1.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15353099A JP4363701B2 (en) | 1999-06-01 | 1999-06-01 | Gear lubricant composition |
| JP11-153530 | 1999-06-01 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2310352A1 true CA2310352A1 (en) | 2000-12-01 |
Family
ID=15564548
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002310352A Abandoned CA2310352A1 (en) | 1999-06-01 | 2000-05-31 | Gear lubricating oil composition |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1057883A3 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP4363701B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2310352A1 (en) |
| SG (1) | SG89329A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4673487B2 (en) * | 2001-02-02 | 2011-04-20 | Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | Lubricating oil composition for metal belt type continuously variable transmission |
| US6844300B2 (en) * | 2001-02-20 | 2005-01-18 | Ethyl Corporation | Low phosphorus clean gear formulations |
| US7026273B2 (en) * | 2001-11-09 | 2006-04-11 | Infineum International Limited | Lubricating oil compositions |
| US6737387B2 (en) * | 2002-05-02 | 2004-05-18 | Chevron Oronite Company Llc | Dispersed hydrated potassium borate compositions having improved properties in lubricating oil compositions |
| US20040002428A1 (en) * | 2002-06-28 | 2004-01-01 | Harrison James J. | Method for reducing wear and metal fatigue during high temperature operation of a gear set |
| US7122508B2 (en) | 2002-10-31 | 2006-10-17 | Chevron Oronite Company Llc | Methods and compositions for reducing wear in internal combustion engines lubricated with a low phosphorous content borate-containing lubricating oil |
| US20070142660A1 (en) | 2005-11-09 | 2007-06-21 | Degonia David J | Salt of a sulfur-containing, phosphorus-containing compound, and methods thereof |
| US8299003B2 (en) | 2005-11-09 | 2012-10-30 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Composition comprising a sulfur-containing, phosphorus-containing compound, and/or its salt, and uses thereof |
| US20070142237A1 (en) * | 2005-11-09 | 2007-06-21 | Degonia David J | Lubricant composition |
| CN112805357B (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2023-04-04 | 路博润公司 | Composition and method for lubricating automotive gears, axles and bearings |
| CA3097529A1 (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2020-05-07 | Globalquimica A.L C,A | Chemical method for obtaining lubricating compositions, industrial degreasers corrosion inhibitors and oil additives for oils and non-degradable fuels in the presence of oxygen, water, high temperatures and particulate contamination |
| CN113980719A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-01-28 | 青岛索孚润化工科技有限公司 | Boronized rare earth lubricating oil additive and preparation method thereof |
| CN115029173A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-09-09 | 无锡奇比特润滑油有限公司 | Low-odor sulfur olefin compound gear oil and preparation process thereof |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4089790A (en) * | 1975-11-28 | 1978-05-16 | Chevron Research Company | Synergistic combinations of hydrated potassium borate, antiwear agents, and organic sulfide antioxidants |
| US4717490A (en) * | 1986-09-30 | 1988-01-05 | Chevron Research Company | Synergistic combination of alkali metal borates, sulfur compounds, phosphites and neutralized phosphates |
| GB8907474D0 (en) * | 1989-04-03 | 1989-05-17 | Ethyl Petroleum Additives Ltd | Lubricant compositions |
| JPH06192674A (en) * | 1992-12-22 | 1994-07-12 | Cosmo Sogo Kenkyusho:Kk | Automotive gear oil composition |
| JPH09132790A (en) * | 1995-11-09 | 1997-05-20 | Cosmo Sogo Kenkyusho:Kk | Gear oil composition |
-
1999
- 1999-06-01 JP JP15353099A patent/JP4363701B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-05-31 CA CA002310352A patent/CA2310352A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-06-01 SG SG200003062A patent/SG89329A1/en unknown
- 2000-06-01 EP EP00304671A patent/EP1057883A3/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1057883A2 (en) | 2000-12-06 |
| SG89329A1 (en) | 2002-06-18 |
| EP1057883A3 (en) | 2001-01-24 |
| JP4363701B2 (en) | 2009-11-11 |
| JP2000336385A (en) | 2000-12-05 |
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