US3336169A - Method of heat treating high-carbon corrosion resistant steels - Google Patents

Method of heat treating high-carbon corrosion resistant steels Download PDF

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Publication number
US3336169A
US3336169A US369535A US36953564A US3336169A US 3336169 A US3336169 A US 3336169A US 369535 A US369535 A US 369535A US 36953564 A US36953564 A US 36953564A US 3336169 A US3336169 A US 3336169A
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United States
Prior art keywords
temperature
steel
hardness
heat treating
corrosion resistant
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US369535A
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English (en)
Inventor
Kihlberg Ragnar
Edliden Erik Gunnar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wilkinson Sword Ltd
Uddeholms AB
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Wilkinson Sword Ltd
Uddeholms AB
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of heat treating high-carbon corrosionresistant steels adapted for manufacturing fine cutting tools and instruments, for example razor blades, intended for cutting relatively soft materials (thus, not for metal working), said method comprising the steps of first heating the steel to a temperature above its top temperature (the lowest temperature to which the steel must be heated for obtaining maximum hardness after cooling to room temperature) whereafter the steel is cooled to room temperature or possibly a lower temperature and, finally, heated again.
  • the invention relates to a method of heat treating the steel and further to steel, cutting tools, such as razor blades and blanks (hardened but not ground blades) and to steel strips for such cutting tools treated (manufactured) according to the invention.
  • the invention is particularly adapted for use in the mass production of razor blades and other similar cutting tools having sharp edges (but not for metal cutting tools).
  • the invention has as one of its objects to obtain for high-carbon corrosion resistant steels substantial hardness and to maintain this hardness even in the cutting tool after its manufacture.
  • hardness is to be understood to be the property of the material which is determined by a hardness measuring instrument according to the Vickers method and expressed by the relation between the impression load and the impression area.
  • the invention is substantially characterized in that the steel is heated to such a high temperature, preferably from 50 to C. higher than its top temperature, that during the cooling relatively large amounts of austenite are retained, and that the steel is reheated to a temperature between 400 and 700 C. whereby a significant increase in hardness is obtained.
  • the hardness obtained in this way is both higher than the hardness of the untempered steel and, above all, considerably higher than the hardness of steel of the same analysis hardened in a conventional manner (by normal hardening or sub-zero treatment) which was tempered to the same temperature.
  • the reheating (tempering) of the hardened steel which brings about a significant increase in hardness, depends on a precipitation of alloying elements in the austenite phase.
  • the alloying content in the austenite phase is thereby reduced, so that during the subsequent cooling the austenite can easily be transformed to martensite.
  • the high-carbon corrosion resistant steel to be treated according to the invention contains 0.8 to 1.4%, preferably 0.9 to 1.1% carbon 11 to 16%, preferably 12.5 to 14.5% chromium and possibly impurities and/ or additions of sulphur, phosphorus, manganese, silicon, vanadium, molybdenum, tungsten, antimony, nitrogen, cobalt, nickel, aluminum and titanium in an amount smaller than 5%, preferably smaller than 2,5%.
  • the steel is preferably heated to a temperature between 1100 and 1250 C., preferably between 1125 and 1 C.
  • the cooling comprises the steps of quenching, preferably in oil or between cooling plates, possibly followed by a sub-zero treatment, preferably in Dry Ice, to a temperature between 50 C. and 80 C., the reheating being carried out to a temperature between 450 and 650 0., preferably between 500 and 600 C.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show the hardness as a function of the tempering temperature for steel hardened at high temperature.
  • Example 1 A steel having the analysis Approximate percent 1 S1 0.2 Mn 1 Cr 14 in the form of a strip with a thickness of 0.90 mm. is annealed and austenitized at a temperature of 1150" C. in a tube-type furnace. The total heating time was 10 minutes. The cooling was carried out by quenching in oil followed by sub-zero treatment in Dry Ice at about 70 C.
  • the tempering was carried out at different temperatures in a convection furnace for 30 minutes.
  • FIG. 1 As appears therefrom it is posible to obtain a hardness of about 740 V.P.N. by an austenitizing temperature of 1150 C. with subsequent cooling and tempering at 550 C.
  • Example 2 Punched razor blades having a thickness of 0.10 mm. and the analysis Approximate percent C 1 Si 0.2 Mn 1 Cr 13.5
  • the total heating time was 3 minutes.
  • the cooling comprised quenching between cooling plates and subzero treatment in Dry Ice at about 70 C.
  • the tempering was carried out at different temperatures in a convection furnace for 30 minutes.
  • the blades had the punching burrs during the I,
  • Test Nos. 1, 2 and 3 as well as the test in untempered state were not carried out according to the invention, but are only included for comparison.
  • a method of heat treating a high-carbon corrosive resistant steel intended for manufacturing cutting instruments adapted for cutting relatively soft material said steel containing from 0.8 to 1.4% carbon, from 11 to 16% of chromium and less than 5% of the elements sulfur, phosphorus, manganese, silicon, vanadium, molybdenum, tungsten, antimony, nitrogen, cobalt, nickel, aluminum and titanium, the remainder being substantially all iron, comprising the steps of first heating the steel to a temperature of from 1100 to 1250 C., for at least about 3 minutes, quenching the heated steel to a temperature of from -50 to -80 C. and then reheating the steel to a temperature of from 450 to 650 C. for at least about 30 minutes.
  • Tempere Example 4 For finding out how the hardness changes as a result of repeated heating a so-called double tempering was car- 70 DAVID L. RECK, Primary Examiner.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
US369535A 1963-05-28 1964-05-22 Method of heat treating high-carbon corrosion resistant steels Expired - Lifetime US3336169A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE591063 1963-05-28

Publications (1)

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US3336169A true US3336169A (en) 1967-08-15

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US369535A Expired - Lifetime US3336169A (en) 1963-05-28 1964-05-22 Method of heat treating high-carbon corrosion resistant steels

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3336169A (de)
BE (1) BE648549A (de)
CH (1) CH453404A (de)
FR (1) FR1560203A (de)
GB (1) GB1072621A (de)
LU (1) LU46176A1 (de)
NL (1) NL6405933A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3819428A (en) * 1971-04-22 1974-06-25 C Moore Metal treatment
US4859164A (en) * 1986-12-06 1989-08-22 Nippon Piston Ring Co., Ltd. Ferrous sintered alloy vane and rotary compressor

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2769422B2 (ja) * 1993-04-19 1998-06-25 日立金属株式会社 内燃機関の燃料噴射ノズルまたはニードル用高強度ステンレス鋼、内燃機関用燃料噴射ノズルおよびその製造方法
KR101239589B1 (ko) * 2010-12-27 2013-03-05 주식회사 포스코 고내식 마르텐사이트 스테인리스강 및 그 제조방법

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3819428A (en) * 1971-04-22 1974-06-25 C Moore Metal treatment
US4859164A (en) * 1986-12-06 1989-08-22 Nippon Piston Ring Co., Ltd. Ferrous sintered alloy vane and rotary compressor
US4976916A (en) * 1986-12-06 1990-12-11 Nippon Piston Ring Co., Ltd. Method for producing ferrous sintered alloy product

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE648549A (de) 1966-09-19
GB1072621A (en) 1967-06-21
FR1560203A (de) 1969-02-10
NL6405933A (de) 1964-11-30
LU46176A1 (de) 1972-01-01
CH453404A (de) 1968-06-14

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