US3331230A - Method for the manufacture of tin plate - Google Patents

Method for the manufacture of tin plate Download PDF

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Publication number
US3331230A
US3331230A US3331230DA US3331230A US 3331230 A US3331230 A US 3331230A US 3331230D A US3331230D A US 3331230DA US 3331230 A US3331230 A US 3331230A
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strip
tin
oil
cold
reduction
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
    • B21B3/02—Rolling special iron alloys, e.g. stainless steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
    • C23C2/08—Tin or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C23C22/24—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing hexavalent chromium compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/73—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the manufacture of tin plate and in particular to that method of manufacture which is characterized by cold reduction of a tinned steel strip to finish-gage and coating weight.
  • tin plate of exceptional thinness and strength can be produced by rolling low carbon steel strip to an intermediate gage greater than the desired finish-gage, coating the strip with tin and then cold reducing the resulting tinned strip to finish-gage and finish-coating weight.
  • the resulting product has been termed reduced last-tin plate.
  • the final cold reduction step requires the use of a rolling coolant'lubricant which must be removed in order that the tinned surface may be chemically treated to resist staining. And to facilitate handling in subsequent fabricating operations, the chemically treated surface must then be reoiled with a lubricant compatible with the lacquers and enamels used therein. The amount of this lubricant is critical; a film of more than about 2 guns.
  • FIGURE 1 is a diagrammatic showing of the processing steps of the present invention up to the final cold reduction step.
  • FIGURE 2 is a diagrammatic showing of a cold reduction mill and certain auxiliary equipment essential to completion of processing in accordance with practices of the present invention
  • FIGURE 3 is a graph showing the relative rolling force required in effecting various amounts of cold reduction in a tin coated steel strip.
  • Curve A of this figure obtains when the tinned strip is rolled using the conventional practice of flooding the strip and rolls with a coolantlubricant solution; curves B, C, D, E and F, when the only lubrication provided is a film of 0.20, 0.58, 0.69. 1.0 and 1.2 gmslbb. of cottonseed oil respectively applied to the strip prior to rolling.
  • the method of the present invention comprises passing a strand of low carbon steel strip of any analysis suitable to the production of tin plate, which has been previously rolled to an intermediate gage, cleaned and annealed, from an uncoiler 1 through conventional pickling and tin plating units 2 and 3 respectively.
  • the tin coated strip is then passed through rinsing and drying units 4 and 5 into a suitable furnace 6 wherein the tin coating is melted and brightened.
  • the strip leaves the furnace through a quench tank 7 and passes to a drier 8. Units 6 and 7 are bypassed if matte-finished tin plate is desired.
  • Oilcr 9 may be either an electrostatic or an emulsion type of oiler, however, for present purposes it must be operated to apply an oil film of between 1 and 5 gms./bb. If an emulsion oiler is used, a hot air drier, not shown, should be interposed between the oiler and recoiler 10.
  • the final film does not exceed about 2 gms./bb. if difficulties in soldering and lacquering of the product are to be avoided; thus within the range 1 to 5 gms./bb. of oil which can be applied in the pre-oiling step, the maximum will decrease as the amount of reduction to be taken in the subsequent cold reduction step is decreased.
  • the tinned and pre-oiled strip from recoiler 10 is passed through the cold reduction mill 11 of FIGURE 2.
  • a suitable mill is comprised of two four-high stands 12A and 12B arranged in tandem, an uncoiler 13, a recoiler 20 and the usual fore and aft tensioning devices 14A and B respectively which also serve to maintain a substantially horizontal passline through the mill.
  • Approximately 99% of the reduction necessary to bring the strip to finish gage and coating weight is taken on the first stand 12A; the stand 12B serving mainly as a flattening pass.
  • Reduction can be accomplished in a single pass through a single stand mill; however, two-stage reduction of the above character is preferable since it permits correction of strip shape and surface appearance.
  • a pair of spray pipes A and 15B are provided between stands 12A and B. These pipes are disposed to direct streams of treating solution against the surfaces of the strip as it emerges from the stand 12A.
  • the solution may be any of the aqueous chromium containing solutions commonly used to imp-art stain-resistance to tin plate; a 1 to 2% (by weight) solution of chromic acid being particularly suitable.
  • Tank 16 serves as a reservoir for the solution which is delivered to the sprays by pump 17. Since it is preferable to use a hot (l150 F.) solution the tank 16 is provided with heating means 18 which may be a thermostatically controlled steam heating coil. Excess solution is removed and strip dried prior to entry into stand 128 by hot air drier 19. A conventional chevron type drier is convenient for this purpose. Excess solution driven from the strip by the air blasts of the drier may be collected and returned to the tank 16 by suitable bafiles and conduits, not shown.
  • the chromate solution applied as described serves the double function of treating the tinned surface and dissipating heat generated in the mill and strip by rolling.
  • Successful treatment requires merely that the top and bottom surfaces of the strip be thoroughly wetted.
  • the presence of the oil film does not interfere with action of the solution. nor is the film disturbed by action of the sprays. While the treating sprays have been shown positioned behind st and 12A and this practice is preferred, successful result have also been achieved with sprays located ahead of stand 12A.
  • the economy of rcducedlast" practices is favored by heavy reductions in the cold reduction step.
  • the amount of reduction made in the mill 11 is determined largely by the mechanical properties desired in the finished product. While reductions as high a about 90% can be made, the formability of plate reduced more than 70% is limited. Presently, the most practical operating range is between 30 and 60% with an optimum balance of mechanical properties and economy of operation being achieved at about 50%.
  • the thickness of strip introduced into the process is determined by the ordered gage of the finished product and the amount of reduction to be made in the final rolling step; the latter in combination with the ordered weight of coating determines the amount of tin to be deposited in the coating step.
  • Tin plate ordered to lb. basis Weight and 0.25 lb./bb. coating weight and intended for carbonated beverage can bodies is produced by processing a suitable low carbon, low metalloid steel strip through the sequence of operations described above. Since the intended use of this plate requires an optimum balance of strength and formability, the reduction to be taken at mill 11 is set at Accordingly, the trip is initially rolled to 90 lb. basis weight, about 0.010 inch thick, and is electroplated with tin to a nominal coating weight of 0.5 lb./bb.
  • the coated strip is pre-oiled by passing through an electrostatic oiler operated to apply a film of cottonseed oil of between 1.2 and 1.4 gms./bb.
  • this quantity of oil can be applied by treating the strip with a suitable emulsion of cottonseed oil and water.
  • the oiled strip is then cold reduced 50% in a suitable two-stand tandem mil]; about 99.5% of the reduction being taken on the first stand, the remainder on the second stand.
  • the strip is maintained under tension and in a substantially horizontal passline during this operation in accordance with known cold rolling practices.
  • tin coated strip In the rolling of tin coated strip, it is preferable to use smooth work rolls in the first stand and slightly roughened rolls in the second. As the strip emerges from the first stand of the mill, it is thoroughly wetted with a hot (140 F.) aqueous solution containing 1.75% by weight chromic acid applied to its top and bottom surfaces by sprays at a rate of about 10 gallons per hour. Excess solution is removed and the strip dried before entering the second stand of the mill. The rolling reduces the strip to a finish gage of 45 lb. basis weight (about 0.005 inch) and a finish coating weight of 0.25 lb./bb. Tests have shown the resulting product carries a film of about 0.7 gm./1bb.
  • the practices of the invention of course are not limited to the grade of plate of the example.
  • Other grades for example or lb. plate carrying 0.5 or 1.0 lb. of tin per bb., can be produced by adjusting the gage of the entering steel stock and the amount of tin applied in the plating step.
  • the mechanical properties of the steel base can be varied by adjusting the amount of cold reduction; the amount of oil carried on the finished product can be varied by adjusting the film applied in the pre-oiling step as previously explained.
  • a base box of tin plate characterized by rolling a steel strip to an intermediate gage, coating the steel with tin, and cold reducing the tin coated steel to final gage and coating weight, the improvement comprising applying to the tin coated strip prior to the cold reduction thereof a film of oil in amounts between 1.0 and 5.0 gms. per base box, and treating the oiled surface during said cold reduction with an aqueous chromate containing solution.
  • the treating solution consists of an aqueous solution containing 1 to 2 percent by weight chromic acid.
  • a base box of tin plate characterized by rolling a steel strip to an intermediate gage, coating the steel with tin and cold reducing the tin coated strip to finish gage and coating weight in two stages, the improvement comprising applying between 1.0 and 5.0 gms. per base box of an oil selected from the group consisting of palm oil and cottonseed oil to the tinned strip prior to cold reduction thereof and treating the tinned and pre-oiled strip with an aqueous chromate containing solution after completion of the first stage of said cold reduction.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
  • Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
US3331230D 1964-10-13 Method for the manufacture of tin plate Expired - Lifetime US3331230A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US40361264A 1964-10-13 1964-10-13
BE670763A BE670763A (xx) 1964-10-13 1965-10-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3331230A true US3331230A (en) 1967-07-18

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US3331230D Expired - Lifetime US3331230A (en) 1964-10-13 Method for the manufacture of tin plate

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US (1) US3331230A (xx)
BE (1) BE670763A (xx)
DE (1) DE1452116A1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1110071A (xx)
NL (1) NL6513270A (xx)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5397652A (en) * 1992-03-27 1995-03-14 The Louis Berkman Company Corrosion resistant, colored stainless steel and method of making same
US5616424A (en) * 1992-03-27 1997-04-01 The Louis Berkman Company Corrosion-resistant coated metal strip
US5695822A (en) * 1993-04-05 1997-12-09 The Louis Berkman Company Method for coating a metal strip
GB2337057A (en) * 1993-12-10 1999-11-10 Berkman Louis Co Coated Substrate
US6080497A (en) * 1992-03-27 2000-06-27 The Louis Berkman Company Corrosion-resistant coated copper metal and method for making the same
US6652990B2 (en) 1992-03-27 2003-11-25 The Louis Berkman Company Corrosion-resistant coated metal and method for making the same
US6794060B2 (en) 1992-03-27 2004-09-21 The Louis Berkman Company Corrosion-resistant coated metal and method for making the same
US20040214029A1 (en) * 1992-03-27 2004-10-28 The Louis Berkman Company, An Ohio Corporation Corrosion-resistant coated copper and method for making the same

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5154027A (en) * 1974-11-06 1976-05-12 Hitoshi Nishijima Hirohabakotaino hyomenkakoshiagesochi

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2850999A (en) * 1955-08-19 1958-09-09 Sun Steel Company Method of making a coated embossed steel sheet
US3050847A (en) * 1958-04-01 1962-08-28 Inland Steel Co Method of preventing the surface staining of cold rolled steel
US3110413A (en) * 1955-06-20 1963-11-12 Exxon Research Engineering Co Method of making oxidized polymer oil melamine resin coated containers and resultantarticle
US3188734A (en) * 1961-10-30 1965-06-15 United States Steel Corp Method of making container stock

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3110413A (en) * 1955-06-20 1963-11-12 Exxon Research Engineering Co Method of making oxidized polymer oil melamine resin coated containers and resultantarticle
US2850999A (en) * 1955-08-19 1958-09-09 Sun Steel Company Method of making a coated embossed steel sheet
US3050847A (en) * 1958-04-01 1962-08-28 Inland Steel Co Method of preventing the surface staining of cold rolled steel
US3188734A (en) * 1961-10-30 1965-06-15 United States Steel Corp Method of making container stock

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6811891B2 (en) 1992-03-27 2004-11-02 The Louis Berkman Company Corrosion-resistant coated metal and method for making the same
US6858322B2 (en) 1992-03-27 2005-02-22 The Louis Berkman Company Corrosion-resistant fuel tank
US6652990B2 (en) 1992-03-27 2003-11-25 The Louis Berkman Company Corrosion-resistant coated metal and method for making the same
US6794060B2 (en) 1992-03-27 2004-09-21 The Louis Berkman Company Corrosion-resistant coated metal and method for making the same
US20070104975A1 (en) * 1992-03-27 2007-05-10 The Louis Berkman Company Corrosion-resistant coated copper and method for making the same
US20070023111A1 (en) * 1992-03-27 2007-02-01 The Louis Berkman Company, A Corporation Of Ohio Corrosion-resistant fuel tank
US7045221B2 (en) 1992-03-27 2006-05-16 The Louis Berkman Company Corrosion-resistant coated copper and method for making the same
US6080497A (en) * 1992-03-27 2000-06-27 The Louis Berkman Company Corrosion-resistant coated copper metal and method for making the same
US5667849A (en) * 1992-03-27 1997-09-16 The Louis Berkman Company Method for coating a metal strip
US7575647B2 (en) 1992-03-27 2009-08-18 The Louis Berkman Co. Corrosion-resistant fuel tank
US20040213916A1 (en) * 1992-03-27 2004-10-28 The Louis Berkman Company, A Corporation Of Ohio Corrosion-resistant fuel tank
US20040214029A1 (en) * 1992-03-27 2004-10-28 The Louis Berkman Company, An Ohio Corporation Corrosion-resistant coated copper and method for making the same
US5397652A (en) * 1992-03-27 1995-03-14 The Louis Berkman Company Corrosion resistant, colored stainless steel and method of making same
US5616424A (en) * 1992-03-27 1997-04-01 The Louis Berkman Company Corrosion-resistant coated metal strip
US6861159B2 (en) 1992-03-27 2005-03-01 The Louis Berkman Company Corrosion-resistant coated copper and method for making the same
US5695822A (en) * 1993-04-05 1997-12-09 The Louis Berkman Company Method for coating a metal strip
GB2337057B (en) * 1993-12-10 1999-12-15 Berkman Louis Co Coated substrate
GB2284618B (en) * 1993-12-10 1999-12-15 Berkman Louis Co Coated substrate
GB2337057A (en) * 1993-12-10 1999-11-10 Berkman Louis Co Coated Substrate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6513270A (xx) 1966-04-14
GB1110071A (en) 1968-04-18
DE1452116A1 (de) 1969-02-06
BE670763A (xx) 1966-04-12

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