US3326133A - Practice ammunition - Google Patents

Practice ammunition Download PDF

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Publication number
US3326133A
US3326133A US394181A US39418164A US3326133A US 3326133 A US3326133 A US 3326133A US 394181 A US394181 A US 394181A US 39418164 A US39418164 A US 39418164A US 3326133 A US3326133 A US 3326133A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
shell
plastic
plastic material
present
shank portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US394181A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Stadler Hans
Schinnerer Thomas
Umbach Hans
Marondel Gunther
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dynamit Nobel AG
Original Assignee
Dynamit Nobel AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dynamit Nobel AG filed Critical Dynamit Nobel AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3326133A publication Critical patent/US3326133A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
    • F42B12/74—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the core or solid body
    • F42B12/745—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the core or solid body the core being made of plastics; Compounds or blends of plastics and other materials, e.g. fillers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
    • F42B8/02—Cartridges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
    • F42B8/12—Projectiles or missiles
    • F42B8/14—Projectiles or missiles disintegrating in flight or upon impact
    • F42B8/16—Projectiles or missiles disintegrating in flight or upon impact containing an inert filler in powder or granular form

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to practice ammunition, and more particularly to target practice ammunition made of thermo-plastic material.
  • plastic tnaining ammunition which the shell consists of a thermo-plastic material and which is of correspondingly light weight.
  • this type of prior art plastic ammunition also has the significant disadvantage that is suitable only for a single shot or single round usage but not, in contrast, for use in automatic weapons or arms because, owing to the small weight of the shell, no automatic function of the weapon or arm is realizable without changing the breech mechanism and certain other parts of the weapon.
  • the aim of the present invention is now to create a target practice ammunition made of plastic material, preferably of thermo-plastic material, which assures in its use the proper operation of automatic weapons but as to the rest exhibits the properties of the aforementioned granulated lead shells or the like that decompose and disintegrate readily and completely upon impact on the hard targets and objects in particular.
  • plastic material preferably of thermo-plastic material
  • the shell with a flattened tip in a plane perpendicular to the shell axis whereby, on the one hand, the compression and therewith the readiness to disintegrate upon impact is increased and, on the other-as is generally desired with target practice cartridge shell-the flight distance of the shell is reduced by an increase of the air resistance coefiicient thereof.
  • the shell itself is thereby constructed with an essentially cylindrical shank portion and tapers in the direction toward its forward end with a casing surface convexly curved toward the outside.
  • An increase in the disintegration readiness of the shell can still further be achieved in that a central, preferably conical aperture is provided at the forward end thereof.
  • a good disintegration capability and a high air resistance coefficient however, is also assured by the arrangement of a central, preferably conical aperture at the rear shell end which extends substantially over the entire cylindrical area of the shell.
  • the propellent gases penetrating into the aperture effect a particularly good seal between the shell and the barrel.
  • the center of gravity of the shell is displaced by the aperture, similarly as with an arrow, very far towards the forward end thereof which has a very favorable effect on the flight stability of the shell.
  • the shell is constructed cylindrically over the entire length thereof, then there exists the possibility to selectively fire the shell with one or the other end in front. If one of the ends is thereby constructed as a plane surface perpendicular to the shell axis and the other end is provided with a central aperture, then in case of a firing of the shell with the aperture disposed in front thereof, there results again a particularly good disintegration capacity whereas in case of a firing of the shell with the plane end face disposed in front thereof, there is obtained a type of lip seal at the shell end and therewith a good adaptation of the walls of the shell rear part to the barrel.
  • Another object of the present invention resides in the provision of a target practice shell which may be made of plastic material thereby resulting in a considerable reduction in the manufacturing cost without increase in danger to personnel utilizing the same.
  • Still a further object of the present invention resides in the provision of a target practice cartridge for shells that is made of a thermo-palst-ic material, yet possesses a high capacity to decompose and disintegrate into minute particles upon impact on a hard object.
  • a further object of the present invention resides in the provision of a plastic target practice shell that can be used with automatic weapons without requiring any change in the automatic firing mechanisms thereof.
  • a still further object of the present invention resides in the provision of a plastic shell achieving the aforementioned aims and objects while at the same time enhancing the flight stability accompanied with a reduction of the flight distance.
  • Still another object of the present invention resides in the provision of a plastic training practice shell that can be selectively fired with either end as the leading end thereof.
  • FIGURE 1 is an elevational view of a solid shell in accordance with the present invention provided with plane end faces perpendicular to the shell axis;
  • FIGURE 2 is an elevational view, partly in cross section, of a modified embodiment of a shell in accordance with the present invention, similar to FIGURE 1 but provided with a central aperture in the tip thereof;
  • FIGURE 3 is an axial longitudinal cross sectional view through a stil further modified embodiment of a shell in accordance with the present invention, similar to FIGURE 1 but provided with a central aperture in the rear part thereof, and
  • FIGURE 4 is an elevational view, partly in cross section, of a cylindrical shell in accordance with the present invention provided with a central aperture at one end thereof.
  • the shell illustrated therein is provided with a cylindrical shank portion 1 and with a tapered end portion 2. Both end faces 3 and 4 of the shell are constructed as plane surfaces extending perpendicularly to the shell axis 5.
  • the casing surface 6 of the tapered forward end portion 2 of the shell is curved slightly convexly toward the outside.
  • the shell 1 does not penetrate into the object or target but instead is forcibly stopped and strongly compressed upon impact on the same, whereby the texture of the shell is broken down so that the shell, as desired, decomposes and disintegrates into small and smallest parts.
  • the flattened forward end 3 results in a relatively large air resistance coeflicient so that the velocity and flight distance of the shell is considerably reduced, however, substantially without impairing the flight stability of the shell.
  • the shell which corresponds essentially to the shell of FIGURE 1 as regards its shape, is provided at the forward end thereof with a central conical recess 7 which, as shown in this figure of the drawing, is rounded off strongly at the tip 8 thereof but could also be constructed so as to be pointed thereat.
  • a central conical recess 7 which, as shown in this figure of the drawing, is rounded off strongly at the tip 8 thereof but could also be constructed so as to be pointed thereat.
  • the annular rim surface 9 remaining at the forward end of more or less large dimension.
  • the shell of FIGURE 2 will also fail to bore itself into the target by reason of its relatively large annularly shaped impact surface but instead is stopped and compressed upon impact.
  • the part of the shell concentrated within the area of the shell axis is thereby displaced with respect to the remaining part of the shell in the direction of the shell axis whereby the texture of the shell again is broken up and the shell decomposes and disintegrates into small particles.
  • This readiness to decompose is further enhanced in that the trailing parts within the area of the shell axis in cooperation with the conical aperture 7 effect a deformation of the shell tip into mushroom shape and therewith favor the disintegration of the shell.
  • the relatively large surface of the forward shell end results in a high air resistance coefficient so that also with this shell form the velocity and flight distance of the shell is considerably reduced.
  • the shell is provided at the rear end thereof with a very deep recess 10 whereas the forward end is constructed as plane flat surface 3.
  • the propellent gases penetrating into the aperture 10 effect an abutment of the ring-shaped part 11 against the barrel walls whereby a good seal between shell and barrel and therewith a complete utilization of the propellent gases is achieved which permits, inter alia, to reduce somewhat the propellent charge.
  • the good seal between shell and barrel also offers the advantage that a pressure of the propellent gases, which is very uniform over the entire cross sectional surface, is established to the rear of the shell and therewith the intended flight direction is imparted with good accuracy to the shell when leaving the barrel.
  • the heavy metals and heavy pigments referred to in this specification which may be admixed to the plastic material in any conventional manner, may be of any known types, such as for example lead, iron, copper, the oxides of these metals and mixtures thereof.
  • the plastic shells preferably thermo-plastic shells, may be realized by any known conventional molding processes such as injection or transfer molding.
  • a target practice cartridge shell made of plastic material comprising:
  • a body essentially consisting of plastic material to which is added a relatively heavier material selected from the group consisting of relatively heavy metals and relatively heavy pig-ments,
  • the ratio of plastic to heavy material being between about 40:60 and 20:80 percent by weight
  • said shell including a substantially cylindrical shank portion
  • the rear end of said shell being provided with a central, approximately conical recess extending substantially over the entire area of the cylindrical shank portion and being provided with slightly convexly curved surfaces.
  • a target practice cartridge shell made of plastic material comprising:
  • a body essentially consisting of plastic material to which is added a relatively heavier material selected from the group consisting of relatively heavy metals and relatively heavy pigments,

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
US394181A 1963-09-07 1964-09-03 Practice ammunition Expired - Lifetime US3326133A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED0042427 1963-09-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3326133A true US3326133A (en) 1967-06-20

Family

ID=7046842

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US394181A Expired - Lifetime US3326133A (en) 1963-09-07 1964-09-03 Practice ammunition

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3326133A (cs)
BE (1) BE652681A (cs)
GB (1) GB1077027A (cs)
LU (1) LU46859A1 (cs)
NL (1) NL6410321A (cs)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3418741A (en) * 1965-09-08 1968-12-31 Dynamit Nobel Ag Firearm
US3780657A (en) * 1971-09-27 1973-12-25 Colt S Inc Frangible projectile
US4603637A (en) * 1984-10-31 1986-08-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Variable density frangible projectile
US5035183A (en) * 1990-03-12 1991-07-30 David Luxton Frangible nonlethal projectile
US5214237A (en) * 1990-07-09 1993-05-25 Bruce D. McArthur Fluorocarbon resin bullet and method of making same
US5488909A (en) * 1991-11-20 1996-02-06 Hirtenberger Aktiengesellschaft Short range projectile
US5652407A (en) * 1996-02-13 1997-07-29 Academy Of Applied Science Non-lethal ammunition and method
WO2000062009A1 (en) * 1999-04-02 2000-10-19 Delta Frangible Ammunition, Llc Jacketed frangible bullets
US6536352B1 (en) 1996-07-11 2003-03-25 Delta Frangible Ammunition, Llc Lead-free frangible bullets and process for making same
US20080017064A1 (en) * 2006-02-15 2008-01-24 Kapeles John A Non-lethal ammunition
US8316769B2 (en) 2008-07-02 2012-11-27 Safariland, Llc Single piece non-lethal projectile
US9134102B2 (en) * 2012-08-06 2015-09-15 William Franklin Flowers Light weight projectiles
US9366516B2 (en) 2013-07-31 2016-06-14 Shawn C. Hook Resueable polyurethane projectile
US20170010081A1 (en) * 2015-07-06 2017-01-12 James Curtis Whitworth Firearm cleaning shell
US9719763B2 (en) 2013-07-31 2017-08-01 Shawn C. Hook Reusable polyurethane projectile
US20200363178A1 (en) * 2015-11-12 2020-11-19 Randy S. Teig Non-metallic projectile and method of manufacturing the same
EP3742107A1 (en) * 2015-10-18 2020-11-25 William Reilly Sub-mass projectile for auto loading firearm and methods

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3130569A1 (de) * 1981-08-01 1983-02-17 Chemische Werke Hüls AG, 4370 Marl In kleine teile zerfallbare hochgefuellte polyamidformmasse
GB8725589D0 (en) * 1987-10-31 1987-12-02 Saxby M E Training/marking bullets
AT398633B (de) * 1991-11-20 1995-01-25 Hirtenberger Ag Kurzbahngeschoss
FR2703445B1 (fr) * 1993-03-29 1995-05-12 Contralco Sarl Projectile en matière plastique pour tir d'entraînement.

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US700983A (en) * 1900-09-29 1902-05-27 William Mark Scruggs Gun-cartridge.
US1122738A (en) * 1914-06-09 1914-12-29 Union Metallic Cartridge Co Target-bullet.
US1518920A (en) * 1920-11-04 1924-12-09 John J Halloran Projectile
US2593637A (en) * 1949-12-13 1952-04-22 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Loaded cartridge with frangible projectile

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US700983A (en) * 1900-09-29 1902-05-27 William Mark Scruggs Gun-cartridge.
US1122738A (en) * 1914-06-09 1914-12-29 Union Metallic Cartridge Co Target-bullet.
US1518920A (en) * 1920-11-04 1924-12-09 John J Halloran Projectile
US2593637A (en) * 1949-12-13 1952-04-22 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Loaded cartridge with frangible projectile

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3418741A (en) * 1965-09-08 1968-12-31 Dynamit Nobel Ag Firearm
US3780657A (en) * 1971-09-27 1973-12-25 Colt S Inc Frangible projectile
US4603637A (en) * 1984-10-31 1986-08-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Variable density frangible projectile
US5035183A (en) * 1990-03-12 1991-07-30 David Luxton Frangible nonlethal projectile
US5214237A (en) * 1990-07-09 1993-05-25 Bruce D. McArthur Fluorocarbon resin bullet and method of making same
US5488909A (en) * 1991-11-20 1996-02-06 Hirtenberger Aktiengesellschaft Short range projectile
US5652407A (en) * 1996-02-13 1997-07-29 Academy Of Applied Science Non-lethal ammunition and method
US6536352B1 (en) 1996-07-11 2003-03-25 Delta Frangible Ammunition, Llc Lead-free frangible bullets and process for making same
WO2000062009A1 (en) * 1999-04-02 2000-10-19 Delta Frangible Ammunition, Llc Jacketed frangible bullets
US20080017064A1 (en) * 2006-02-15 2008-01-24 Kapeles John A Non-lethal ammunition
US7503260B2 (en) * 2006-02-15 2009-03-17 Defense Technology Corporation Of America Non-lethal ammunition
US8316769B2 (en) 2008-07-02 2012-11-27 Safariland, Llc Single piece non-lethal projectile
US9134102B2 (en) * 2012-08-06 2015-09-15 William Franklin Flowers Light weight projectiles
US9366516B2 (en) 2013-07-31 2016-06-14 Shawn C. Hook Resueable polyurethane projectile
US9719763B2 (en) 2013-07-31 2017-08-01 Shawn C. Hook Reusable polyurethane projectile
US20170010081A1 (en) * 2015-07-06 2017-01-12 James Curtis Whitworth Firearm cleaning shell
US9664487B2 (en) * 2015-07-06 2017-05-30 James Curtis Whitworth Firearm cleaning shell
EP3742107A1 (en) * 2015-10-18 2020-11-25 William Reilly Sub-mass projectile for auto loading firearm and methods
US20200363178A1 (en) * 2015-11-12 2020-11-19 Randy S. Teig Non-metallic projectile and method of manufacturing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
LU46859A1 (cs) 1964-10-29
NL6410321A (cs) 1965-03-08
BE652681A (cs) 1964-12-31
GB1077027A (en) 1967-07-26

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