US3318423A - Vehicle brake part - Google Patents

Vehicle brake part Download PDF

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Publication number
US3318423A
US3318423A US396275A US39627564A US3318423A US 3318423 A US3318423 A US 3318423A US 396275 A US396275 A US 396275A US 39627564 A US39627564 A US 39627564A US 3318423 A US3318423 A US 3318423A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
brake part
brake
carbon
vehicle brake
austenitic
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US396275A
Inventor
Dunki Walter
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Sulzer Escher Wyss AG
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Escher Wyss AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Escher Wyss AG filed Critical Escher Wyss AG
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Publication of US3318423A publication Critical patent/US3318423A/en
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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C37/00Cast-iron alloys
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00Parts or details
    • F16D65/02Braking members; Mounting thereof
    • F16D65/04Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor
    • F16D65/06Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor for externally-engaging brakes
    • F16D65/062Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor for externally-engaging brakes engaging the tread of a railway wheel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D69/00Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
    • F16D69/02Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D69/00Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
    • F16D69/02Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
    • F16D69/027Compositions based on metals or inorganic oxides

Definitions

  • the phosphorus content has been increased, in some cases up to 1.5%, or small additions of chromium up to 1.5%, and of molybdenum or vanadium up to a few tenths of a percent, have been made. Wear has thus been reduced somewhat, but the braking effect was impaired, and to some extent, the braking surface of the wheel or tyre has been damaged.
  • This invention now consists in that a vehicle brake part subjected to stress by sliding friction is made of a highcarbon, austenitic iron alloy having a proportion of free carbon.
  • austenite formers-nickel and manganeseit has been found advantageous to add also a certain copper content, which dissolves in the austenite, and may amount to from about 0.5 to 4%. It is furthermore advantageous to imbed in the groundmass, in addition to austenite, hard constituents, such as carbides, phosphides and so forth.
  • hard constituents such as carbides, phosphides and so forth.
  • iron carbide and carbides of carbideforming elements such as chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, and titanium, as well as phosphorus.
  • the addition of chromium may amount to about 0.5 to 3%, that of molybdenum, vanadium and titanium each to about 0.1 to 1% and that of phosphorus to about 0.6 to 1.5%.
  • Part of the carbon is present in the alloy in the free form as lamellar or spheroidal graphite.
  • the latter form of graphite is obtained by treatment with the addition of magnesium or cerium or both.
  • Such an austenitic cast iron for brake parts has, for example, the following typical analysis:
  • the invention may be used not only for brake shoes, acting on the wheel rims of railway vehicles, but also for other brake parts, which are subjected to stress by sliding friction, for example for brake discs.
  • a vehicle frictional brake part subjected to stress by sliding friction consisting of a high-carbon, austenitic iron alloy having a proportion of free carbon.
  • a brake part according to claim 2 in which for austenite formation, part of the nickel has been replaced by manganese from 0.5% to 7%.
  • a brake part according to claim 1 in which the material contains 0.5 to 3% chromium.
  • a brake part according to claim 1 in which the material is subjected to a heat treatment by annealing between 800 C. and 1000 C.
  • a vehicle frictional brake part subjected to stress by sliding friction consisting of a high-carbon austenitic iron alloy having a proportion of free carbon, comprising the components nickel, carbon, silicon, copper, manganese, phosphorus, chromium, sulphur substantially in the proportions" 19%, 2.8%, 2.3%, 24.0%, 1.5%, 0.6%,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Description

3,318,423 Patented May 9, 1967 3,318,423 VEHICLE BRAKE PART Walter Dunki, Zurich, Switzerland, assignor to Escher Wyss Aktiengesellschaft, Zurich, Switzerland, a corporation of Switzerland No Drawing. Filed Sept. 8, 1964, Ser. No. 396,275 Claims priority, application Switzerland, Oct. 10, 1963, 12,453/ 63 11 Claims. (Cl. 188-251) Percent Carbon 3 to 3.3 Graphite 2 to 2.5 Silicon 1.8 Phosphorus 60.8 Sulphur 0.15 Manganese 0.45
With vehicle brake parts subjected to stress by sliding friction it is intended to obtain a good braking effect, and also the wheels or wheel rims should be protected as much as possible. In vehicle brake parts subjected to stress, considerable wear is an undesirable occurrence. The wear dust consists partly of reddish-brown rust, which can be very troublesome. As the result of Wear, the brake parts have always to be replaced after a comparatively short service period. Attempts have already been made, inter alia by varying the alloy composition, to effect a reduction in wear. Thus, for example, the phosphorus content has been increased, in some cases up to 1.5%, or small additions of chromium up to 1.5%, and of molybdenum or vanadium up to a few tenths of a percent, have been made. Wear has thus been reduced somewhat, but the braking effect was impaired, and to some extent, the braking surface of the wheel or tyre has been damaged. Heretofore, it has not been possible to employ successfully brake shoes of such cast iron, or they have not been accepted in practice.
This invention now consists in that a vehicle brake part subjected to stress by sliding friction is made of a highcarbon, austenitic iron alloy having a proportion of free carbon.
It has been surprisingly found that brake parts of the aforesaid material have excellent service properties. This was not to be expected, since such a material costs several times more than, for example, the material used heretofore for brake shoes, and it is only possible because unexpected braking properties are obtained by means of such austenitic material, namely very low wear coupled with the best braking effect and maximum protection, for example, also of wheels and tyres. By this means, the resulting life is increased by several times, so that despite the high cost, the result is a considerable economic advantage. Austenitic structure of the material is preferably obtained by a nickel addition of between and '25 Some of the nickel may also be replaced by manganese in an amount of between 0.5% and 7%.
In addition to the two austenite formers-nickel and manganeseit has been found advantageous to add also a certain copper content, which dissolves in the austenite, and may amount to from about 0.5 to 4%. It is furthermore advantageous to imbed in the groundmass, in addition to austenite, hard constituents, such as carbides, phosphides and so forth. The following come into consideration for this purpose: iron carbide and carbides of carbideforming elements such as chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, and titanium, as well as phosphorus. The addition of chromium may amount to about 0.5 to 3%, that of molybdenum, vanadium and titanium each to about 0.1 to 1% and that of phosphorus to about 0.6 to 1.5%.
Part of the carbon is present in the alloy in the free form as lamellar or spheroidal graphite. The latter form of graphite is obtained by treatment with the addition of magnesium or cerium or both. Such an austenitic cast iron for brake parts has, for example, the following typical analysis:
Percent Carbon 2.8 Silicon 2.3 Phosphorus 0.6 Sulphur 0.06 Nickel 19 Manganese 1.5 Copper 2.0 Chromium 0.1
Ordinary Austenitic cast iron cast iron Tensile strength, kg/n'nn. 15 to 20 35 Elongation, percent 1 10 to 40 Notch impact toughness, kgm./cm. 0. 3 3 Brinell hardness, kgJmrn. 180 to 250 to 60 It must also be pointed out that austenitic cast iron for brake parts practically does not rust or is almost rustless.
The invention may be used not only for brake shoes, acting on the wheel rims of railway vehicles, but also for other brake parts, which are subjected to stress by sliding friction, for example for brake discs.
What is claimed is:
1. A vehicle frictional brake part subjected to stress by sliding friction, consisting of a high-carbon, austenitic iron alloy having a proportion of free carbon.
2. A brake part according to claim 1, in which the austenitic structure comprises a nickel addition of 10% to 25%.
3. A brake part according to claim 2, in which for austenite formation, part of the nickel has been replaced by manganese from 0.5% to 7%.
4. A brake part according to claim 1, in which the material contains 0.5 to 4% copper.
5. A brake part according to claim 1, in which the material contains 0.5 to 3% chromium.
6. A brake part according to claim 1, in which the material also contains addition of 0.1 to 1% of at least one of the materials molybdenum, vanadium and titanium.
7. A brake part according to claim 1, in which the material contains 0.6 to 1.5% phosphorus.
8. A brake part according to claim 1, in which the carbon content is present partly in carbide form and partly as free carbon (lamellae graphite).
9. A brake part'according to claim 1, in which the free carbon is presentin spheroidal form.
10. A brake part according to claim 1, in which the material is subjected to a heat treatment by annealing between 800 C. and 1000 C.
11. A vehicle frictional brake part subjected to stress by sliding friction consisting of a high-carbon austenitic iron alloy having a proportion of free carbon, comprising the components nickel, carbon, silicon, copper, manganese, phosphorus, chromium, sulphur substantially in the proportions" 19%, 2.8%, 2.3%, 24.0%, 1.5%, 0.6%,
0.1%, 0.06%, respectively.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 7/1958 Guenzi 75---125 9/1962 Schelleng et al. 75-123 FOREIGN PATENTS 807,302 10/1936 France.

Claims (1)

1. A VEHICLE FRICTIONAL BRAKE PART SUBJECTED TO STRESS BY SLIDING FRICTION, CONSISTING OF A HIGH-CARBON, AUSTENITIC IRON ALLOY HAVING A PROPORTION OF FREE CARBON.
US396275A 1963-10-10 1964-09-08 Vehicle brake part Expired - Lifetime US3318423A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1245363A CH422352A (en) 1963-10-10 1963-10-10 Part of a brake for a vehicle that is exposed to the stress of sliding friction

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3318423A true US3318423A (en) 1967-05-09

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ID=4383156

Family Applications (1)

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US396275A Expired - Lifetime US3318423A (en) 1963-10-10 1964-09-08 Vehicle brake part

Country Status (10)

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US (1) US3318423A (en)
AT (1) AT260971B (en)
BE (1) BE652625A (en)
CH (1) CH422352A (en)
DE (1) DE1608724B1 (en)
ES (1) ES304832A1 (en)
FI (1) FI42337B (en)
GB (1) GB1085715A (en)
NL (1) NL6409376A (en)
SE (1) SE305666B (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3393776A (en) * 1967-03-08 1968-07-23 Kelsey Hayes Co Integral hub and brake disk
US3620334A (en) * 1967-07-07 1971-11-16 Albright & Wilson Frictional-retarding means
US3767386A (en) * 1971-04-05 1973-10-23 Kaisha K Uedasa Chuzo Sho Compound cast-iron for making brake shoes
US3791493A (en) * 1970-12-05 1974-02-12 Nippon Carbon Co Ltd Friction elements for braking rotary bodies
US3948364A (en) * 1973-02-28 1976-04-06 Friction Products Co. Single mixture metallic brake or clutch plate
WO2015196037A1 (en) * 2014-06-20 2015-12-23 Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. Reduced-diameter brake rotor for heavy-duty vehicles
US10392749B2 (en) * 2015-03-12 2019-08-27 A. Celli Paper S.P.A. Yankee dryer cylinder with controlled thermal expansion

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH653961A5 (en) * 1981-09-15 1986-01-31 Fischer Ag Georg Hub with bremskoerper for physical or wagon.
US5323883A (en) * 1988-09-20 1994-06-28 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Friction device
EP0360254A3 (en) * 1988-09-20 1992-04-08 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Friction device
EP1178235A3 (en) * 2000-08-03 2004-01-07 ArvinMeritor Technology, LLC Long life brake drum and rotor

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR807302A (en) * 1936-05-13 1937-01-09 Krupp Fried Grusonwerk Ag Cast iron alloy for the manufacture of wear-resistant parts subjected to high pressure and impact forces, in particular rolling mill rolls
US2842437A (en) * 1955-08-29 1958-07-08 Cie De Pont A Mousson Austenitic nodular iron
US3055755A (en) * 1961-06-30 1962-09-25 Int Nickel Co Austenitic ductile iron having high notch ductility at low temperature

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB279414A (en) * 1926-10-21 1929-01-29 Int Nickel Co Improvements in and relating to chill cast iron alloys
GB378508A (en) * 1931-05-14 1932-08-15 British Cast Iron Res Ass Improvements relating to cast iron

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR807302A (en) * 1936-05-13 1937-01-09 Krupp Fried Grusonwerk Ag Cast iron alloy for the manufacture of wear-resistant parts subjected to high pressure and impact forces, in particular rolling mill rolls
US2842437A (en) * 1955-08-29 1958-07-08 Cie De Pont A Mousson Austenitic nodular iron
US3055755A (en) * 1961-06-30 1962-09-25 Int Nickel Co Austenitic ductile iron having high notch ductility at low temperature

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3393776A (en) * 1967-03-08 1968-07-23 Kelsey Hayes Co Integral hub and brake disk
US3620334A (en) * 1967-07-07 1971-11-16 Albright & Wilson Frictional-retarding means
US3791493A (en) * 1970-12-05 1974-02-12 Nippon Carbon Co Ltd Friction elements for braking rotary bodies
US3767386A (en) * 1971-04-05 1973-10-23 Kaisha K Uedasa Chuzo Sho Compound cast-iron for making brake shoes
US3948364A (en) * 1973-02-28 1976-04-06 Friction Products Co. Single mixture metallic brake or clutch plate
WO2015196037A1 (en) * 2014-06-20 2015-12-23 Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. Reduced-diameter brake rotor for heavy-duty vehicles
AU2015276964B2 (en) * 2014-06-20 2018-02-08 Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. Reduced-diameter brake rotor for heavy-duty vehicles
US9933029B2 (en) * 2014-06-20 2018-04-03 Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. Reduced-diameter brake rotor for heavy-duty vehicles
US10392749B2 (en) * 2015-03-12 2019-08-27 A. Celli Paper S.P.A. Yankee dryer cylinder with controlled thermal expansion

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6409376A (en) 1965-04-12
GB1085715A (en) 1967-10-04
FI42337B (en) 1970-03-31
AT260971B (en) 1968-04-10
BE652625A (en) 1964-12-31
ES304832A1 (en) 1965-03-16
SE305666B (en) 1968-11-04
CH422352A (en) 1966-10-15
DE1608724B1 (en) 1971-11-18

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