US3314669A - Vacuum chambers for degasifying metal melts - Google Patents

Vacuum chambers for degasifying metal melts Download PDF

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Publication number
US3314669A
US3314669A US234021A US23402162A US3314669A US 3314669 A US3314669 A US 3314669A US 234021 A US234021 A US 234021A US 23402162 A US23402162 A US 23402162A US 3314669 A US3314669 A US 3314669A
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United States
Prior art keywords
cap
pipe
slag
face
metal
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Expired - Lifetime
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US234021A
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English (en)
Inventor
Knuppel Helmut
Brotzmann Karl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dortmund Hoerder Huettenunion AG
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Dortmund Hoerder Huettenunion AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum

Definitions

  • a tapering metal cap (which is usually conical) is pushed onto the bottom end of the connecting pipe before it is moved downwards into the melt in the ladle.
  • the fusible cap is intended to prevent slag from entering the inlet and outlet pipe and thence the vacuum chamber as the end of the pipe passes through the layer of slag floating on the metal melt. As the cap enters the molten metal below, the cap melts and opens the pipe to allow the metal to flow up it.
  • the present invention aims at overcoming the leakage of slag into the pipe and to this end, according to the present invention, the metal cap is attached to the end face of the pipe and a packing which seals the joint against the entry of molten slag and which preferably consists of fibrous material, for example mineral or steel wool, is provided between the cap and the end face of the pipe. Any gaps which may occur between the cap and the jacket are thus reliably closed. If the refractory lining of the connecting pipe consists of magnesite, it has been found advantageous to use a loW-lime-content mineral wool or steel wool as packing material.
  • the conical cap connected to the end of the connecting pipe can be made particularly effective in preventing slag from penetrating into the pipe and the vacuum chamber by providing the outer surface of the cap with a covering of cardboard and a wooden plug inserted in an opening in the apex of the conical ca
  • This covering and plug is to prevent any deposition of a slag crust on the metal surface of the cap, since if such a crust is later melted by the molten metal it runs into the connecting pipe.
  • the plug also ensures that after the piercing of the top of the slag, the protective cap first melts at the apex of the cone as it penetrates into the molten metal.
  • their surfaces may be painted with, for example, aluminum bronze and the interior of the cap may be given a lining of mineral wool.
  • FIGURE 1 is a vertical section through the usual apparatus for the degasification of metal melts.
  • FIGURES 2 to 6 are vertical sections through the bot tom of the pipe showing five different examples of caps.
  • a cap 2 is simply pushed over the jacket on a pipe 1 extending downwards from a vacuum chamber.
  • the cap is shown penetrating into a molten slag layer 3 on a metal melt 5 in a ladle 4.
  • the cap 2 is attached to the end face 6 of the pipe jacket by means of holders 8 made of wire and eyes 7 welded to the connecting pipe 1'.
  • holders 8 made of wire and eyes 7 welded to the connecting pipe 1'.
  • Three holders 8 distributed around the periphery of the connecting pipe are generally suiiicient for adequate fastening.
  • An annular space 9 formed between the end face 6 of the jacket and the end faces of the pipe 1' and its lining and the cap 2 is filled with packing 9' of mineral wool.
  • caps 2 are shown, the maximum diameters of which are smaller than the outer diameter of the end face 6 of the refractory jacket of the connecting pipe 1.
  • the packings 9 are held by an annular disc 10 (FIG. 3) which is parallel to the end face 6 and is connected to the conical cap.
  • the tube 11 is coaxial with the connecting pipe 1. As shown in FIGURE 5, the tube 11 is of such a length that the distance between its end 12 and the apex 13 of the cap 2 is greater than the thickness of the layer of slag 3 in the ladle 4. If the lining of the connecting pipe is sufficiently true to size and resistant to wear, the tube 11 can be used directly as an attachment for the conical cap.
  • the cap 2 may be provided with a covering 14 which evolves a gas on immersion in the layer of slag and this produces a turbulence diverting the slag away from the pipe.
  • the covering is of 2 to 3 mm. thick cardboard.
  • a wooden plug 15 is inserted into an opening in the apex of the cone.
  • the covering has an external coat of protective aluminum bronze paint and the interior of the conical cap is provided with a layer 16 of mineral wool.
  • an apparatus for gasifying molten metals including a vacuum chamber having a downwardly extending open-end inlet and outlet pipe connected to the bottom of said chamber and adapted to dip with its open end into a container holding a melt of a metal to be degassed under a slag layer, said pipe having a refractory jacket and a generally conical downwardly tapering metal cap attached to the end face of said pipe and a packing between said jacket and said cap sealing said jacket and said cap against the entry of slag into said pipe, the improvement which comprises an upright tube fixed at its lower end to the inner face of said cap and extending co-axially from said cap upwardly within said pipe to a distance such that the distance between its upper end and the apex of said cap is greater than the thickness of the layer of slag upon said metal in said container, said tube, said cap and said end face defining the space containing said packing.
  • said cap has an opening at said apex, further comprising a wooden plug received in said opening which burns upon immersion of said pipe in said melt through said layer of slag whereby the gases released upon burning of said plug rise along said cap and prevent the accumulation of slag thereon and on said pipe.
  • An apparatus for the degassing of a metal melt overlain by a layer of slag comprising a vertically displaceable vacuum vessel having a depending conduit communicating with its interior for the alternate introduction and discharge of metal from said melt into said vessel upon the lowering and raising thereof; a container for said melt below said'vessel, said conduit having a refractory sleeve formed at its lower extremity with an end face generally perpendicular to said conduit; a downwardly tapering, generally conical protective cap having its base abutting said end face in all-around contact therewith and terminating at said end face; retaining means for holding said cap against said end face; and an annular mass of relatively heat-resistant fibrous material surrounding the interior of said sleeve and circumferentially disposed between said end face and said cap in the region of abutting contact of the base of said cap and said end face, wherein said retaining means includes an upstanding tubular member affixed to the interior of said cap and generally coaxial therewith and with sa d
  • An apparatus for the degassing of a metal melt overlain by a layer of slag comprising a vertically displaceable vacuum vessel having a depending conduit communicating with its interior for the alternate introduction and discharge of metal from said melt into said vessel upon the lowering and raising thereof; a container for said melt below said vessel, said conduit having a refractory sleeve formed at its lower extremity with an end face generally perpendicular to said conduit; a downwardly tapering, generally conical protective cap having its base abutting said end face in all-around contact therewith and terminating at said end face; retaining means for holding said cap against said end face; and an annular mass of relatively heat-resistant fibrous material surrounding the interior of said sleeve and circumferentially disposed between said end face and said cap in the region of abutting contact of the base of said cap and said end face, wherein said cap is formed at its apex with a passage, further comprising a wooden plug received in said passage carbonizable upon immersion in said melt through
  • An apparatus for the degassing of a metal melt overlain by a layer of slag comprising a vertically displaceable vacuum vessel having a depending conduit communicating with its interior for the alternate introduction and discharge of metal from said melt into said vessel upon the lowering and raising thereof; a container for said melt below said vessel, said conduit having a refractory sleeve formed at its lower extremity with an end face generally perpendicular to said conduit; a downwardly tapering, generally conical protective cap having its base abutting said end face in all-around contact therewith and terminating at said end face; retaining means for holding said cap against said end face; and an annular mass of relatively heat-resistant fibrous material surrounding the interior of said sleeve and circumferentially disposed between said end face and said cap in the region of abutting contact of the base of said cap and said end face, further comprising a cardboard cover overlying the outer surface of said cap for decomposition by said slag layer upon immersion of said pipe in said melt.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
US234021A 1961-12-06 1962-10-30 Vacuum chambers for degasifying metal melts Expired - Lifetime US3314669A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED37609A DE1167370B (de) 1961-12-06 1961-12-06 Einrichtung zum Entgasen fluessiger Metalle, vornehmlich von Eisen und Eisenlegierungen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3314669A true US3314669A (en) 1967-04-18

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US234021A Expired - Lifetime US3314669A (en) 1961-12-06 1962-10-30 Vacuum chambers for degasifying metal melts

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US (1) US3314669A (ja)
BE (1) BE621914A (ja)
DE (1) DE1167370B (ja)
GB (1) GB999268A (ja)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3469740A (en) * 1968-01-24 1969-09-30 Amsted Ind Inc Process of removing metal from slag-surfaced melt
US3592456A (en) * 1970-01-30 1971-07-13 Louis F Miklos Slag breaker shield for degassing apparatus
US3887172A (en) * 1972-03-08 1975-06-03 Arbed Apparatus for the treatment of a molten metal bath
US4739975A (en) * 1985-11-05 1988-04-26 Foseco International Limited Continuous casting device

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1281466B (de) * 1966-02-01 1968-10-31 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Giessstrahlentgasungsgeraet fuer Metallschmelzen
US3776534A (en) * 1972-05-17 1973-12-04 R Cashdollar Degassing of slag coated melt
LU84093A1 (de) * 1982-04-16 1983-12-16 Arbed Einrichtung zum metallurgischen behandeln von fluessigen metallen

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1750390A (en) * 1929-02-12 1930-03-11 American Tin Company Inc Deep-metal refiner
US2024132A (en) * 1933-07-06 1935-12-10 Firm Th Goldschmidt A G Process for introducing steel-forming additions into the aluminogenetic iron in aluminothermal welding
US2929704A (en) * 1956-01-17 1960-03-22 Hoerder Huettenunion Ag Methods of and apparatus for degasifying metals

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1750390A (en) * 1929-02-12 1930-03-11 American Tin Company Inc Deep-metal refiner
US2024132A (en) * 1933-07-06 1935-12-10 Firm Th Goldschmidt A G Process for introducing steel-forming additions into the aluminogenetic iron in aluminothermal welding
US2929704A (en) * 1956-01-17 1960-03-22 Hoerder Huettenunion Ag Methods of and apparatus for degasifying metals

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3469740A (en) * 1968-01-24 1969-09-30 Amsted Ind Inc Process of removing metal from slag-surfaced melt
US3592456A (en) * 1970-01-30 1971-07-13 Louis F Miklos Slag breaker shield for degassing apparatus
US3887172A (en) * 1972-03-08 1975-06-03 Arbed Apparatus for the treatment of a molten metal bath
US4739975A (en) * 1985-11-05 1988-04-26 Foseco International Limited Continuous casting device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB999268A (en) 1965-07-21
DE1167370B (de) 1964-04-09
BE621914A (ja)

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