US3313002A - Apparatus for heat treating sheet material - Google Patents

Apparatus for heat treating sheet material Download PDF

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Publication number
US3313002A
US3313002A US477211A US47721165A US3313002A US 3313002 A US3313002 A US 3313002A US 477211 A US477211 A US 477211A US 47721165 A US47721165 A US 47721165A US 3313002 A US3313002 A US 3313002A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
drum
heat
roll
chamber
nip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US477211A
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English (en)
Inventor
Wyeth Nathaniel Convers
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EIDP Inc
Original Assignee
EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co filed Critical EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority to US477211A priority Critical patent/US3313002A/en
Priority to NL666610916A priority patent/NL149870B/xx
Priority to DE1635290A priority patent/DE1635290C3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3313002A publication Critical patent/US3313002A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C15/00—Calendering, pressing, ironing, glossing or glazing textile fabrics
    • D06C15/02—Calendering, pressing, ironing, glossing or glazing textile fabrics between co-operating press or calender rolls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
    • B29C59/04—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing using rollers or endless belts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F5/00—Dryer section of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
    • B29K2105/0854—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns in the form of a non-woven mat

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an apparatus for the uniform heat-treatment of porous sheet materials.
  • This invention concerns an apparatus for effecting such heat-treatment while maintaining a restraint on the surface of the sheet thereby preventing or minimizing any change in area dimensions.
  • porous sheet materials such as non-woven fabric webs or paper like sheet structures
  • the heat-treatment of porous sheet materials is often required in order to activate a binder material therein, to modify the surface for decorative or smoothing effects, to cause spontaneous elongation of the constituent ⁇ fibers thereby developing liber crimp, or for other known purposes.
  • the heattreatment requires the use of a closely controlled temperature and rapid attainment of that temperature in order to prevent adverse effects upon resulting sheet material.
  • An apparatus designed to achieve these objectives is that described in Huffman U.S. Patent No. 3,192,560. 'It is an object of the present invention to achieve these desirable objectives with a simpler piece of apparatus.
  • non-woven fabrics can be bonded by any of the well known solvent, adhesive, or heat-bonding techniques
  • the latter in which the fibers are self-bonded at a multiplicity of fiber intersection points possesses distinct advantages in terms of cost and the avoidance of the extra steps which are otherwise needed to apply a binder material and remove a volatile carrier should one be used.
  • special effects can be often achieved by self-bonding techniques which are not readily attainable by other methods.
  • a noticeable disadvantage of the selfsbonding techniques as heretofore practiced however, has been the lack of equipment which when employed in a continuous operation on a commercial scale will provide a high degree of precision required with respect to temperature control.
  • FIGURE l shows a schematic representation of the apparatus in its simplest form.
  • FGURES 2 and 3 show pneumatic roll embodiments composed of elongated tubular elements arranged parallel to the roll axis and of a plurality of closely spaced tires respectively.
  • the bonding apparatus comprises a compressible roll 2 having an outer layer 49 of elastomeric material urged against a perforated rotary drum 1 to provide an extended nip zone.
  • the roll 2 contains coolant passageway ti for removing heat from the elastomeric material 49.
  • Drum 1 is a rigid relatively thick walled hollow cylinder made of a suitable corrosion resistant material such as a stainless steel alloy.
  • At either end of cylindrical drum 1 and tlxedly attached thereto or integral therewith are side members having flanges that may be rotatably journaled, for example, to the outer races of standard commercial type antifriction bearings.
  • Drum 1 may be rotatably driven through force applied to the side members or through other suitable means.
  • a drive shaft connected to a side member and coupled by conventional coupling means to the output of a standard commercial variable speed electric motor drive has been found satisfactory.
  • Hollow stationary beam 17 is located at the axis of drum l and extends through the side members.
  • Inlet means 7 comprising a pipe located within beam 17 is connected at one end with chamber 3, which is supported by beam 17 and situated within the drum, and at the other with a heated vapor source preferably high pressure steam.
  • One end of the outlet means 8 for the elimination of condensate, connects into the base of chamber 3 and comprises a line carried within the interior of beam 17. The other end of the line extends outside the machine to a suitable condensate removal means.
  • Beam 17 is further modified by opposed side openings 24 into which one end of exhaust ducts 5 connect with beam 17 interior. Beam 17 thus serves as an exhaust conduit which accordingly is suitably connected at some remote point outside the machine to an exhaust blowerV (not shown).
  • the upper ends of ducts 5 are narrow elongated openings which connect with drum apertures that are substantially entirely within the nip. The duct openings extend along the length of chamber 3 and adjacent the inside peripheral surface of drum 1.
  • Chamber 3 is a shallow rectangular box-like member that is stationary and communicates with certain of the apertures in the drum Wall.
  • the upper face of chamber 3 is formed by a small section of the interior of the drum 1 surface while the perimeter of the upper face of chamber 3 is enclosed by a iloatable seal assembly 4 which frictionally abuts with the internal surface of drum 1.
  • Seal assembly 4 contines the effective area of treatment chamber 3 to a narrow rectangular band of the surface of drum 1 that will ordinarly extend substantially the entire length of the drum and is contained entirely within the nip. against the surface of drum 1 partly by a plurality of spaced compression springs 28 located at the bottom of the recess and by the pressure of the treatment fluid in chamber 3.
  • Seal assembly 4 is composed of a plurality of flat bars or elements interconnected to form a fluid tight barrier.
  • the elements may be made of a porous carbon composi-l tion impregnated with a fluorocarbon resinous material for low friction, long wear life and high thermal resistance.
  • the elements are modied at their ends by a tongue and groove configuration so thatrwhencoupled together there is ample allowancefor relative movement and deection between individual elements without risk of creating a free path for steam leakage.
  • Seal assembly 4 is retained within a matching recess in chamber 3 wall.
  • Shaft extensions of roll 2 are rotatably journaled in bearings (not shown).
  • the shaft extensions of roll 2 may be the ends of a rigid tubular steel core 45 t-o which is welded a hollow cylindrical shell 46.
  • another cylindrical baffle or wall 47 is affixed that forms the coolant passageway 6 which communicates at one end with the core 45 interior and at the opposite end with an inlet conduit 48.
  • Hydraulic actuators (not shown) operating on the shaft of roll 2 cause movement relative to dmm 1.
  • cover 49 Bonded to the external surface of shell 46 is a thick cover 49 of elastomeric material. Any resilient material having high temperature resistance and high fatigue life may be used. A synthetic hydrocarbon rubber manu factured by the Du Pont Company under the trade name Nordel is preferred because of its excellent resistance to wear and high temperature steam. It is preferred for best results that cover 49 be made relatively pliable, the softness ranging from between 45 to 65 Shore A durometer.
  • cover 49 determines to a great extent the width of the nip formed between roll 2 and drum 1 and the magnitude of the force urging the rolls together to form the nip. It will be recognized that a cover 49 material excessively resilient will fail to conline the high pressure steam or other heat-treating fluid. Conversely a material too stiff requires tremendous nip pressures and will crush the fibrous product. As previously indicated, large amounts of internal friction heat caused by high intensity flexing of the material rapidly degrades the material. Most of these difficulties, however, may be over-come with a pneumatic roll structure where only a relatively thin membrane or sheath of elastomeric material is subjected to the distortion and flexing action. Moreover, stiffness characteristics of the roll are easily adjusted by a simple regulation of the pneumatic pressure backing the membrane.
  • FIGURE 2 illustrates an alternative pneumatic roll embodiment utilizing a support shell 50 and sheath 51 composition to enclose a plurality of elongated tubular pneumatic elements S5.
  • the elements are packed closely together parallel to the roll axis and when pressurized expandtightly against each other to form a substantially uniform narrow -cellular pneumatic layer.
  • FIGURE 3 is a further embodiment of the pneumatic roll concept showing support shell 50 and reinforced sheath 51.
  • the pneumatic portion is composed of a plurality toroidal elements 56 packed tightly side by side.
  • the elements 56 are actually multi-ply auto tires without treads but containing inner tubes.
  • a foraminous belt 65 is trained around drum 1 from an upstream web formation area.
  • Belt 65 greatly facilitates transfer of the fragilev sheet material which hereafter is described as web 64 in an essentially non-disturbed condition.
  • various adjustments ⁇ may be made to the machine to meet end product quality requirements.
  • an operator energizes the hydraulic actuators controlling movement of the shaft and lowers the roll 2 closing the nip between the rotary members sufficient to confine the steam to chamber 3.
  • Coolant water is introduced through inlet 48 into passageway 6 to control the maximum temperature of the cover 49 at the operating conditions employed.
  • Drum 1 is driven at Ymachine components some moderate speed, as for example, about six yards per minute.
  • a slightly subatmospheric condition is established in the exhaust ducts 5 by an exhaust blower or some other means.
  • steam is introduced into treatmentrcharnber 3 slowly so as to allow the cool to attain steam temperatures.
  • Steam pressure is increased at a rate which does not exceed a 46 C. difference in temperature between the steam and the machine parts. It is noted that during the build up of steam, the nip pressure of roll Z is increased proportionately. After the desired operating pressure is attained, final adjustment of nip pressures and drum l speed are made.
  • web 64 entering the nip is firmly restrained lnefore communicating with the lsteam treatment zone. rl ⁇ he steep vsteam pressure profile subjects the web 64 to rapid heating and cooling. Since significant qualities of steam can be entrapped in the roll apertures and web interstices, the suction of duct 5 on the downstream side of chamber 3 draws off the vap-or and accelerates cooling before the web ⁇ 64 restraint is released. After emerging from the ni the cooled web 64 is separated from belt 65 under a slight tension and directed to either a take up stand for winding into mill rolls or carried to other downstream processing. If desired, an upper screen belt, not shown, trained around roll 2 from an upstream web formation area and cooperating with belt 65 to sandwich the web while in the nip, may be employed to modify the upper surface of the fibrous structure.
  • the bonding apparatus of the invention provides a relatively low cost, compact high productivity means for processing wide sheet material. It is capable of handling and processing wide sheet material at high speeds under precisely controlled conditions.
  • An apparatus for heat-treating a continuous length of sheet material comprising a compressible roll in rolling engagement with a hollow drum around which is trained a foraminous belt over which a sheet advances between the roll and drum, said drum having its circumferential surface interrupted by perforations and said compressible roll being urged against the drum and deformed thereby so as to form an extended nip zone, and residing within said drum a stationary fluid treatment chamber having an inlet for provision of hot treating fluid, the said chamber opening on the inner surface of the drum and communicating with drum perforations in the nip region to provide a heat-treatment area, seals mounted on said chamber and operatively urged against theinner surface ofthe drum so-that the heat-treatment uid in the chamber is confined to the region of the nip, and exhaust means in the nip region adjacent the heat-treatment area for carrying away uid leakage past the seals and outside of the heat-treatment area.
  • Apparatus for heat-treating a continuous length of sheet material comprising a hollow drum having perforations in the circumferential surface thereof, a roll covered with a layer of resilient material, and a foraminous belt trained around the drum for supporting the sheet material said roll being urged against the drum to provide a nip for receiving and restraining the sheet material as it passes through, the nip being extended by deformation of the resilient outer layer of said roll against the drum, the perforations of ⁇ the drum in the region of the nip communicating with a stationary fluid treatment chamber residing within said drum and having fluid inlet means, said chamber having seals urged against the inside surface of the drum for confining the heat-treatment fluid to the nip region perforations of the drum and suction means adjacent to the seals at the inner surface of said drum for carryingl away uid leakage passed the 6 Seals and outside of the heat-treatment area whereby hot 2,952,033 9/ 1960 Goodwin 1S-1 fluid contacts the sheet material substantially only while 3,230,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
US477211A 1965-08-04 1965-08-04 Apparatus for heat treating sheet material Expired - Lifetime US3313002A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US477211A US3313002A (en) 1965-08-04 1965-08-04 Apparatus for heat treating sheet material
NL666610916A NL149870B (nl) 1965-08-04 1966-08-03 Toestel voor het op continue wijze met warmte behandelen van continue lengten vliesvormig materiaal.
DE1635290A DE1635290C3 (de) 1965-08-04 1966-08-04 Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen und gleichförmigen Wärmebehandlung von laufenden Warenbahnen

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US477211A US3313002A (en) 1965-08-04 1965-08-04 Apparatus for heat treating sheet material

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US3313002A true US3313002A (en) 1967-04-11

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DE (1) DE1635290C3 (enrdf_load_html_response)
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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3417925A (en) * 1966-05-31 1968-12-24 Du Pont Diffusion apparatus
US3471897A (en) * 1967-09-21 1969-10-14 Orcco Ind Inc Roll embossing machine for plastic needled carpet
US3679791A (en) * 1970-02-20 1972-07-25 Ici Ltd Process for shrinking film
US3849050A (en) * 1973-01-15 1974-11-19 Ethyl Corp Apparatus for embossing plastic material
US3972671A (en) * 1974-05-08 1976-08-03 Aspin Frank Metcalfe Roll assembly for use in profiling film
DE2637656A1 (de) * 1975-08-20 1977-03-03 Du Pont Verfahren zur herstellung einer primaeren verstaerkung fuer florgewebe
US4021179A (en) * 1973-06-01 1977-05-03 Agfa-Gevaert N.V. Apparatus for the edges of thermoplastic webs
US4233011A (en) * 1978-08-31 1980-11-11 Er-We-Pa Maschinenfabrik & Eisengiesserei Rolls of controllable flexure, especially for machines for the production and processing of webs of paper or plastic
US4530653A (en) * 1981-04-24 1985-07-23 United States Gypsum Company Apparatus for forming embossed acoustical tile
EP0104020A3 (en) * 1982-09-09 1986-06-11 Aeci Limited Handling and/or processing of continuous, moving web and method of and apparatus for winding up and embossing such web
US4650967A (en) * 1984-09-25 1987-03-17 Multivac Sepp Haggenmuller Kg Heating apparatus for heating sheet material before the forming process
US5256224A (en) * 1991-12-31 1993-10-26 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Process for making molded, tufted polyolefin carpet
WO2002007951A1 (en) * 2000-07-21 2002-01-31 Advanced Design Concepts Gmbh Hairy sheet generating unit with ejection device

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1007137A (en) * 1908-06-08 1911-10-31 Theodore D Palmer Cloth-pressing machine.
US1880691A (en) * 1931-10-23 1932-10-04 Beloit Iron Works Paper making machine and method of making paper
US2209760A (en) * 1938-05-28 1940-07-30 Beloit Iron Works Suction press roll assembly
US2920406A (en) * 1957-12-27 1960-01-12 Vigliarolo Nick Ironing devices
US2952033A (en) * 1957-10-16 1960-09-13 Chemstrand Corp Apparatus for annealing filamentary tow
CH366920A (de) * 1957-10-24 1963-01-31 Monsanto Chemicals Apparat zur Behandlung von Kunststoffasern enthaltendem Material
US3230287A (en) * 1962-09-27 1966-01-18 Weyerhaeuser Co Process for manufacturing moldable fibrous panels

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1007137A (en) * 1908-06-08 1911-10-31 Theodore D Palmer Cloth-pressing machine.
US1880691A (en) * 1931-10-23 1932-10-04 Beloit Iron Works Paper making machine and method of making paper
US2209760A (en) * 1938-05-28 1940-07-30 Beloit Iron Works Suction press roll assembly
US2952033A (en) * 1957-10-16 1960-09-13 Chemstrand Corp Apparatus for annealing filamentary tow
CH366920A (de) * 1957-10-24 1963-01-31 Monsanto Chemicals Apparat zur Behandlung von Kunststoffasern enthaltendem Material
US2920406A (en) * 1957-12-27 1960-01-12 Vigliarolo Nick Ironing devices
US3230287A (en) * 1962-09-27 1966-01-18 Weyerhaeuser Co Process for manufacturing moldable fibrous panels

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3417925A (en) * 1966-05-31 1968-12-24 Du Pont Diffusion apparatus
US3471897A (en) * 1967-09-21 1969-10-14 Orcco Ind Inc Roll embossing machine for plastic needled carpet
US3679791A (en) * 1970-02-20 1972-07-25 Ici Ltd Process for shrinking film
US3849050A (en) * 1973-01-15 1974-11-19 Ethyl Corp Apparatus for embossing plastic material
US4021179A (en) * 1973-06-01 1977-05-03 Agfa-Gevaert N.V. Apparatus for the edges of thermoplastic webs
US3972671A (en) * 1974-05-08 1976-08-03 Aspin Frank Metcalfe Roll assembly for use in profiling film
DE2637656A1 (de) * 1975-08-20 1977-03-03 Du Pont Verfahren zur herstellung einer primaeren verstaerkung fuer florgewebe
US4233011A (en) * 1978-08-31 1980-11-11 Er-We-Pa Maschinenfabrik & Eisengiesserei Rolls of controllable flexure, especially for machines for the production and processing of webs of paper or plastic
US4530653A (en) * 1981-04-24 1985-07-23 United States Gypsum Company Apparatus for forming embossed acoustical tile
EP0104020A3 (en) * 1982-09-09 1986-06-11 Aeci Limited Handling and/or processing of continuous, moving web and method of and apparatus for winding up and embossing such web
US4650967A (en) * 1984-09-25 1987-03-17 Multivac Sepp Haggenmuller Kg Heating apparatus for heating sheet material before the forming process
US5256224A (en) * 1991-12-31 1993-10-26 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Process for making molded, tufted polyolefin carpet
US5283097A (en) * 1991-12-31 1994-02-01 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Process for making moldable, tufted polyolefin carpet
WO2002007951A1 (en) * 2000-07-21 2002-01-31 Advanced Design Concepts Gmbh Hairy sheet generating unit with ejection device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1635290C3 (de) 1978-09-21
NL6610916A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1967-02-06
DE1635290B2 (de) 1978-02-16
NL149870B (nl) 1976-06-15
DE1635290A1 (de) 1971-04-15

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