US3307833A - Safety fence for roads - Google Patents

Safety fence for roads Download PDF

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Publication number
US3307833A
US3307833A US384643A US38464364A US3307833A US 3307833 A US3307833 A US 3307833A US 384643 A US384643 A US 384643A US 38464364 A US38464364 A US 38464364A US 3307833 A US3307833 A US 3307833A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
post
shearing pin
socket
shearing
safety fence
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US384643A
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English (en)
Inventor
Muller Hugo
Bertram Helmut
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
J BERTRAM KG
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J BERTRAM KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by J BERTRAM KG filed Critical J BERTRAM KG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3307833A publication Critical patent/US3307833A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/06—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of cables, nettings or the like

Definitions

  • This invention relates to safety fences for roads. Many serious accidents on roads, especially highways or speedways, are caused 'by motor vehicles unintentionally changing their direction of travel and thus either getting on the opposite lane or off the road.
  • sectional steel guide rails To prevent motor vehicles from getting off the road, sectional steel guide rails have hitherto been used. In the course of time, however, it has proved that such guide rails do not in every case afford protection because they run over and demolished by heavy vehicles. Even smaller motor vehicles running at high speed against the guide rails have been known to break therethrough I or tumble thereover.
  • fences are known in which posts are mounted in sockets fitted in foundations and horizontally extending cables are secured to the posts at various levels thereof.
  • Safety fences of this kind in which the posts used are not provided with predetermined breaking zones, have already been tested in the United States.
  • the invention provides a safety fence for bounding at least one side of a road and which comprises a plurality of ground-embedded foundations arranged in spaced vertical relationship at the side of the road, a socket fitted in each of said foundations, a cast-iron shearing pin having a lower and an upper end portion and a collar as well as a portion of reduced diameter between the end portions, said lower end portion being inserted in the socket, a post having a lower end portion engaging over the upper end portion of the shearing pin, and a plurality of horizontally extending cables attached to the post at different levels thereof to ensure that in a collision of a motor vehicle with said safety fence said motor vehicle is not permitted to run over or slip through said safety fence, said portion of reduced diameter constituting a predetermined breaking zone, the strength and the elongation at fracture of the material of said shearing pin and the cross section thereof being such as to ensure that in response to an impact caused by said motor vehicle the shearing pin of a consecutive number of posts well shear off
  • FIG. 1 is an elevational view, partly in section, of a safety fence according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is an end view of the safety fence
  • FIG. 3 is a vertical section, on an enlarged scale, through a post of the safety fence and a socket fixed in a ground-embedded foundation, the post and the socket being interconnected by means of a shearing pin;
  • FIG. 4 is an elevational view, on a further enlarged scale, of the shearing pin.
  • FIG. 5 is a top planview of a clamping device arranged to locate a pair of cables on a post shown in cross section, and
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the safety fence in four consecutive phases from the moment it is run against Iby a motor vehicle to the moment the motor vehicle has been reoriented and brought to a standstill by the safety fence.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show a safety fence according to the invention, which comprises a plurality of posts of which only one post 20 is illustrate-d as mounted in a socket 21 by means of a shearing pin 22.
  • the socket 21 is fixed in a ground-embedded foundation 3a.
  • pairs of parallel cables 3, 4, 5 and 6 are secured to the post 20 at different levels thereof by means of clamping devices to be described hereinafter.
  • the individual cables of each pair of cables 3, 4, 5 and 6 extend on opposite sides of the post 20 and thus are spaced from each other by the diameter of the post 20.
  • the cables are tensioned by means of tensioning devices 7 (FIG. 1).
  • wire nettings 23 are attached to the respective cables 3, 4, 5 and 6.
  • the lower pair of cables 3, 4 and 5 are conveniently chosen of a diameter of 14 mm., whereas the upper pair of cables 6 should have a larger diameter, eg of 19 mm. or more. Expediently, the upper pair of cables 6 is arranged about 1 meter above road level. 4
  • the shearing pin 22 interconnecting the post 20 and the socket 21 has a lower end portion 26 inserted in the socket 21, an upper end portion 25 inserted in the post 20 and a collar 27 intermediate its upper and lower end portions 25 and 26, respectively.
  • the collar 27 has a diameter larger than the respective diameters of the upper end portion 25 and the lower end portion 26 of the shearing pin 22 and forms a lower annular end face 28 abutting against the socket 21, and an upper annular end face 29 supporting the post 20.
  • This arrangement establishes a simply manageable connection.
  • the upper end portion 25 has a portion 30 of reduced diameter at its end adjoining the upper end face 29 of the collar 27, which portion 30 constitutes a predetermined breaking zone.
  • the diameter of the reduced portion 30 is about 60 mm., which has proved convenient in a series of tests. In some cases even a larger shearing cross section may be used.
  • the shearing pin 22 is cast in one piece and provided with recesses 31 to save material.
  • a particular advantage of the shearing pin 22 is that it can be replaced in a simple manner.
  • the collar 27 formes a satisfactory transition from the socket 21 to the post 20 in that there are no projecting parts that might constitute a danger in an accident. Due to the fact that the socket 21 is closed by the lower annular end face 28 of the collar 27, water is prevented from entering the socket 21.
  • a further important feature of the proposed safety fence is constituted by the fact that when a motor vehicle runs against the safety fence this will yield to the impact upon breakage of the shearing pins 22, maintaining, however, in any event its vertical position so that it cannot be run over. Therefore, the safety fence must have an appropriate height, e.g. of 1 meter, and the pairs of cables 3, 4, 5 and 6 are appropriately distributed over this height.
  • the mentioned clamping device used for securing, in the illustrated embodiment, the pair of cables 6 to the post 20 consists of two stirrup clamps 32 and 33 interlocked by threaded joints 34.
  • the cables 6 are located on opposite sides of the post 20 but nevertheless permitted of longitudinal displacement to yield to the impact caused by a motor vehicle running against the safety fence.
  • the threaded joints 34 are disposed in the free space between the pair of cables 6 so that externally the safety fence is free from pointed or projecting parts.
  • the same also applies to the pairs of cables 3, 4 and 5 which are secured to the post 20 by similar clamping devices.
  • G6 26 (corresponding to AISI Class 40 Medium Section) which, according to International Standards, is a gray cast iron containing lamellary graphite and having a minimum tensile strength of 16.506 t./sq. in.
  • FIG. 6 schematically illustrates in four different phases 41, 42, 43 and 44 the mode of operation of the safety fence.
  • a motor vehicle M is shown to run at an angle 1x1 against the safety fence between two posts I and II thereof.
  • the cables yield and attenuate the impact.
  • the impact causes the shearing pins of the posts I and II to shear off, whereby part of the transverse force of the motor vehicle M is destroyed.
  • the cables further yield as they get slackened over a long distance upon the breakage of the shearing pins and thus of the posts I and II.
  • the motor vehicle M is slightly reoriented, as can be seen from the decreased angle (X2 in phase 42.
  • phase 42 the motor vehicle M successively breaks the shearing pins of two further posts III and IV, whereby again part of the transverse force is destroyed while the slackened length of the cables and thus their yieldingness is increased. 'By sliding further along the slackened cables, the motor vehicle M again is slightly reoriented.
  • phase 43 finally, the shearing pin of another post, designated by V, is ruptured, whereby the remaining transverse force is destroyed.
  • the longitudinal axis of the motor vehicle M now extends nearly parallel to the safety fence, that is to say, it has substantially been reoriented to its original direction of travel. Simultaneously, the motor vehicle M has been brought to a standstill owing to the friction produced by sliding along the cables of the safety fence.
  • the shearing pin matetrial is of importance in addition to the shearing cross section or the section modulus. What matters in the first place is the resistance to rupture and the breaking elongation of the shearing pin material.
  • the invention proposes cast iron as a shearing pin material because with cast iron these factors can be determined with sufiicient accuracy and will not change, either, in the course of time, for example by atmospheric influences. It is self-evident that the number of posts of which the shearing pins are sheared off may be larger or smaller than shown in FIG. 6, which depends on the speed and weight of the motor vehicle M and on the angle with which it runs against the safety fence.
  • the motor vehicle M while sliding along the progressively slackening cables is gradua y reo ented 0 its original direction of travel.
  • the material of the shearing pins must be such as to ensure that over a given distance L of the safety fence all shearing pins will be sheared off. Consequently, the material must have a certain brittleness.
  • h designates a further value to be taken into consideration.
  • the value h gives the measure by which the safety fence has yielded to the impact of the motor vehicle M during the collision and must not exceed, for example, three meters least the intercepted motor vehicle M all the same endanger, or collide with, the opposing traffic.
  • the slackened cables are deflected from normal by an angle A. l
  • a safety fence for delineating at least one boundary of a road and to prevent a colliding automobile from escaping that boundary
  • the combination comprising a plurality of spaced post members, each of said post members having a socket member, said socket member being firmly embedded and protruding from the ground along the edge of the road; a shearing pin for each of the socket members, said shearing pin having an upper and a lower portion, said lower portion being accepted within the protruding portion of said socket member, said shearing pin having a weakened portion thereon which will fail upon the introduction of a predetermined force; a post member detachably attached to said shearing pin and vertically spaced, along said shearing pin, from said socket member, said upper portion of said shearing pin being accepted within said post member, said shearing pin having a collar portion, said collar portion having a diameter larger than said upper and lower portions, said collar portion overlying the protruding end of said socket member and separating said socket member and said post member; and, yieldable
  • said yieldable cable means comprises a pair of horizontally separated cables spaced apart from each other by the diameter of the post member.
  • said combination further comprises a wire netting fixedly attached to said spaced cables to further absorb and reorient the force of the colliding vehicle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
US384643A 1963-09-13 1964-07-23 Safety fence for roads Expired - Lifetime US3307833A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEB0073507 1963-09-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3307833A true US3307833A (en) 1967-03-07

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ID=6977882

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US384643A Expired - Lifetime US3307833A (en) 1963-09-13 1964-07-23 Safety fence for roads

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3307833A (de)
AT (1) AT266201B (de)
CH (1) CH414714A (de)
DK (1) DK114069B (de)

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3381427A (en) * 1965-10-23 1968-05-07 George H. Watson Frangible and expandable assembly for parking meter supports, stanchions, poles and posts
US3499630A (en) * 1968-05-07 1970-03-10 John C Dashio Posts for highway safety rails
US3755977A (en) * 1971-10-29 1973-09-04 Powerlite Devices Ltd Frangible lighting pole
US3802135A (en) * 1970-08-27 1974-04-09 E Weichenrieder Hollow plastic break-away post
US4290585A (en) * 1978-04-15 1981-09-22 Arbed S.A. Vehicle-stopping device for safety barriers
GB2151677A (en) * 1983-12-20 1985-07-24 Geoffrey Lawson Norman Statham Improvements in or relating to methods and apparatus for supporting tubular posts
US4678166A (en) * 1986-04-24 1987-07-07 Southwest Research Institute Eccentric loader guardrail terminal
US4979817A (en) * 1987-07-27 1990-12-25 Barrier Concepts, Inc. High strength security fence for snaring vehicles
US5407178A (en) * 1993-08-04 1995-04-18 Long; James Apparatus for suspension across a driveway to keep objects from entering street
US5481835A (en) * 1989-05-12 1996-01-09 Adian Engineering Corporation Breakaway base and upper-separation joint
US5921702A (en) * 1996-08-01 1999-07-13 Fitch; John C. Displaceable guard rail barriers
US6454488B1 (en) * 2000-02-02 2002-09-24 David Lewis, Sr. Roadway energy absorbing impact attenuator
US6540196B1 (en) 2002-02-06 2003-04-01 Western Highway Products, Inc. Break away support structure coupling
GB2417509A (en) * 2004-08-27 2006-03-01 Hill & Smith Ltd Road safety barrier
US20060140717A1 (en) * 2004-12-29 2006-06-29 Lamore Michael J Retractable wide-span vehicle barrier system
US20060140718A1 (en) * 2004-12-29 2006-06-29 Lamore Michael J Retractable wide-span vehicle barrier system
US20070007502A1 (en) * 2005-07-08 2007-01-11 Hakan Nilsson End gating terminal for a wire rope safety barrier and wire rope safety barrier equipped with such an end gating terminal
US7441751B1 (en) 2003-10-06 2008-10-28 Gibbs Edward L Cable fence system
US7475868B1 (en) 2002-04-05 2009-01-13 Gibbs Edward L Cable fence system
US7651073B1 (en) 2002-04-05 2010-01-26 Gibbs Edward L Fence post
US20140252289A1 (en) * 2013-03-08 2014-09-11 John Weatherwax High Speed Raceway Barrier
US20150001454A1 (en) * 2006-05-04 2015-01-01 Valmont Highway Technology Limited Cable-barriers
US11060581B1 (en) 2018-02-19 2021-07-13 Barrier1 Systems, Llc Flexible tensile member with releasable convolutions for absorbing tensile energy
CZ308880B6 (cs) * 2020-09-25 2021-07-28 Strix Chomutov, A.S. Bezpečnostní bariéra

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US320330A (en) * 1885-06-16 Fence-post
US395995A (en) * 1889-01-08 Fence-post
CH82510A (de) * 1918-12-24 1920-02-02 Jean Baehler Mastfuß
US1335617A (en) * 1920-03-30 Eastening device
US1805731A (en) * 1929-07-23 1931-05-19 Louis I Beckwith Upright construction
US1913715A (en) * 1928-06-11 1933-06-13 Colorado Fuel & Iron Company Highway guard
US2005418A (en) * 1933-09-21 1935-06-18 American Steel & Wire Co Traffic guard
US2062408A (en) * 1934-11-30 1936-12-01 Pittsburgh Steel Co Highway guard
US2679911A (en) * 1948-08-13 1954-06-01 Louise J B Hend Support for poles and the like
US3002775A (en) * 1959-07-31 1961-10-03 Mueller Co Safety coupling for hydrant valve stem
US3002493A (en) * 1958-12-18 1961-10-03 Donald J Galamba Portable corral
US3127870A (en) * 1962-02-27 1964-04-07 Bieber Philip Breakaway rail for race tracks

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US320330A (en) * 1885-06-16 Fence-post
US395995A (en) * 1889-01-08 Fence-post
US1335617A (en) * 1920-03-30 Eastening device
CH82510A (de) * 1918-12-24 1920-02-02 Jean Baehler Mastfuß
US1913715A (en) * 1928-06-11 1933-06-13 Colorado Fuel & Iron Company Highway guard
US1805731A (en) * 1929-07-23 1931-05-19 Louis I Beckwith Upright construction
US2005418A (en) * 1933-09-21 1935-06-18 American Steel & Wire Co Traffic guard
US2062408A (en) * 1934-11-30 1936-12-01 Pittsburgh Steel Co Highway guard
US2679911A (en) * 1948-08-13 1954-06-01 Louise J B Hend Support for poles and the like
US3002493A (en) * 1958-12-18 1961-10-03 Donald J Galamba Portable corral
US3002775A (en) * 1959-07-31 1961-10-03 Mueller Co Safety coupling for hydrant valve stem
US3127870A (en) * 1962-02-27 1964-04-07 Bieber Philip Breakaway rail for race tracks

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3381427A (en) * 1965-10-23 1968-05-07 George H. Watson Frangible and expandable assembly for parking meter supports, stanchions, poles and posts
US3499630A (en) * 1968-05-07 1970-03-10 John C Dashio Posts for highway safety rails
US3802135A (en) * 1970-08-27 1974-04-09 E Weichenrieder Hollow plastic break-away post
US3755977A (en) * 1971-10-29 1973-09-04 Powerlite Devices Ltd Frangible lighting pole
US4290585A (en) * 1978-04-15 1981-09-22 Arbed S.A. Vehicle-stopping device for safety barriers
GB2151677A (en) * 1983-12-20 1985-07-24 Geoffrey Lawson Norman Statham Improvements in or relating to methods and apparatus for supporting tubular posts
US4678166A (en) * 1986-04-24 1987-07-07 Southwest Research Institute Eccentric loader guardrail terminal
US4979817A (en) * 1987-07-27 1990-12-25 Barrier Concepts, Inc. High strength security fence for snaring vehicles
US5481835A (en) * 1989-05-12 1996-01-09 Adian Engineering Corporation Breakaway base and upper-separation joint
US5407178A (en) * 1993-08-04 1995-04-18 Long; James Apparatus for suspension across a driveway to keep objects from entering street
US5921702A (en) * 1996-08-01 1999-07-13 Fitch; John C. Displaceable guard rail barriers
US6454488B1 (en) * 2000-02-02 2002-09-24 David Lewis, Sr. Roadway energy absorbing impact attenuator
US6540196B1 (en) 2002-02-06 2003-04-01 Western Highway Products, Inc. Break away support structure coupling
US7651073B1 (en) 2002-04-05 2010-01-26 Gibbs Edward L Fence post
US7475868B1 (en) 2002-04-05 2009-01-13 Gibbs Edward L Cable fence system
US7441751B1 (en) 2003-10-06 2008-10-28 Gibbs Edward L Cable fence system
GB2417509A (en) * 2004-08-27 2006-03-01 Hill & Smith Ltd Road safety barrier
US7367549B2 (en) 2004-08-27 2008-05-06 Hill & Smith Limited Safety barrier anchorage
US20060043353A1 (en) * 2004-08-27 2006-03-02 Titmus Michael T Safety barrier anchorage
US7083357B2 (en) * 2004-12-29 2006-08-01 Lamore Michael J Retractable wide-span vehicle barrier system
US7140802B2 (en) 2004-12-29 2006-11-28 Lamore Michael J Retractable wide-span vehicle barrier system
US20060140718A1 (en) * 2004-12-29 2006-06-29 Lamore Michael J Retractable wide-span vehicle barrier system
US20060140717A1 (en) * 2004-12-29 2006-06-29 Lamore Michael J Retractable wide-span vehicle barrier system
US20070007502A1 (en) * 2005-07-08 2007-01-11 Hakan Nilsson End gating terminal for a wire rope safety barrier and wire rope safety barrier equipped with such an end gating terminal
US20150001454A1 (en) * 2006-05-04 2015-01-01 Valmont Highway Technology Limited Cable-barriers
US10174471B2 (en) * 2006-05-04 2019-01-08 Valmont Highway Technology Limited Cable-barriers
US20140252289A1 (en) * 2013-03-08 2014-09-11 John Weatherwax High Speed Raceway Barrier
US8905671B2 (en) * 2013-03-08 2014-12-09 John Weatherwax High speed raceway barrier
US11060581B1 (en) 2018-02-19 2021-07-13 Barrier1 Systems, Llc Flexible tensile member with releasable convolutions for absorbing tensile energy
US11686363B1 (en) 2018-02-19 2023-06-27 Barrier1 Systems, Llc Flexible tensile member with releasable convolutions for absorbing tensile energy
CZ308880B6 (cs) * 2020-09-25 2021-07-28 Strix Chomutov, A.S. Bezpečnostní bariéra

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK114069B (da) 1969-05-27
CH414714A (de) 1966-06-15
AT266201B (de) 1968-11-11

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