US3302296A - Method and apparatus for drying of moisture-setting inks - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for drying of moisture-setting inks Download PDF

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Publication number
US3302296A
US3302296A US389565A US38956564A US3302296A US 3302296 A US3302296 A US 3302296A US 389565 A US389565 A US 389565A US 38956564 A US38956564 A US 38956564A US 3302296 A US3302296 A US 3302296A
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United States
Prior art keywords
ink
moisture
roll
web
drying
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Expired - Lifetime
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US389565A
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English (en)
Inventor
Richard H Holmwood
Hans J Huth
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International Business Machines Corp
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International Business Machines Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by International Business Machines Corp filed Critical International Business Machines Corp
Priority to US389565A priority Critical patent/US3302296A/en
Priority to IL23953A priority patent/IL23953A/en
Priority to GB30936/65A priority patent/GB1080096A/en
Priority to CH1097765A priority patent/CH432558A/de
Priority to ES0316460A priority patent/ES316460A1/es
Priority to ES0316461A priority patent/ES316461A1/es
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3302296A publication Critical patent/US3302296A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F23/00—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing

Definitions

  • FIG. 1 A block diagram illustrating an exemplary computing environment in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • This invention relates to the drying of moisture-setting inks, and more particularly to a pressure dampening system for drying moisture-setting printing inks.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a new and improved method and apparatus for increasing the drying rate of moisture-setting inks.
  • Another object is the provision of a new and improved method and apparatus for. adequately drying heavy ink films with an increase in productive capacity.
  • Yet another object is to provide a generally improved United States Patent 0 and more satisfactory ink drying system for use on a high speed press operating on a continuously moving web of material I
  • a further object is the provision of an improved and more eflicient rotary card making press for printing and cutting to size unit record forms such as are used in business and data proce's'sing'machines.
  • FIG. 1 The rotaryv card manufacturing machine of which a portion is illustrated in FIG. 1 is described more completely in US. Patent No. 2,181,935 to F. M. Carroll dated December 5, 1939.
  • the machine operates on a continuous web of fibrous cardstock material to print record forms thereon which are subsequently cut apart into unit card lengths, each with a printed form.
  • the unit record form manufactured in this manner is the familiar tabulating card or punched card used in business and data processing machines. Only so much of the rotary card manufacturing machine is illustrated here as is essential to an understanding of the invention.
  • a web 11 of fibrous cardstock material pre-cut to the desired width unrolls from a supply roll not here shown.
  • the Web 11 After passing between feed or idler rolls13, 13', the Web 11 travels vertically upwardly between print rolls 15, 15 forming a portion of the print station 17.
  • the web .11 at this point is printed on both sides since the print station 17 includes a mirror image set of rolls on either 7 "ice cards 29.
  • the individual cards pass upwardly between fluted rolls not here shown and are clipped to the periphery of a rotary carrier wheel 31 for carrying the cards to the other side before being released for stacking in a finished pile.
  • Offset printing is here illustrated and is performed for instance by a pair of inking rolls 33 which apply ink to an offset roll 34, this roll in turn being in engagement with the print roll 15 for transferring the impression to the web I11. In general it can be said that a suitable moisture setting ink is used.
  • the ink on the printed web is in a wet condition.
  • the ink drying station 21 includes, in addition to the pressure roll 19 previously mentioned (only one side will be described), a dampening roll 35, a metering roll 37, land a spray applicator 39.
  • the dampening roll 35 is covered with a soft moisture retaining material 41 such as molleton, soft rubber, a knitted sleeve or the like. Moisture is conveyed from a supply reservoir not here shown through a pipe 42 to the spray applicator 39 whose stream impinges directly on the moisture retaining cover 41 at the nip.
  • the metering roll 37 has a hard hydrophilic surface and is mounted for adjustment to and from the center of the dampening roll 35 to regulate the amount of moisture retained by the cover 41.
  • the surface of the pressure roll 19 is in contact with the cover 41 of the dampening roll and is coated with a thin film of moisture therefrom.
  • the surface of the roll 19 is hydrophilic in order that the film of moisture thereon is spread evenly over its entire surface without the formation of droplets.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 wherein a typical cross section of the thickness of the cardstock is illustrated. On a microscopic'scale the surface of the web 11 can be likened to aseries of hills and dales.
  • ink 43 in wet condition is deposited on the surfaces of the cardstock on or near the fiber peaks.
  • ink drying station 21 After passing between the pressure rolls 19, 19', it is seen that the ink is pressed and distributed into the inter-fiber voids by the high nip pressure of the engaging rolls.
  • the dampening solution is normally aqueous since most moisture setting inks are dried by water.
  • the dampening solution may contain other ingredients according to the type of pressure rolls used and the particular moisture setting ink.
  • the dampening solution is slightly acetic in character in order to continuously re-etch or rejuvenate the pressure rolls. Since most commercial moisture setting printing inks contain alkaline components, with a neutral solution these alkaline components of the ink would tend to make the surfaces of the rolls less hydrophilic.
  • the pressure rolls are either magnesium rolls or steel rolls plated with chrome.
  • the printing ink is a moisture setting type having alkaline components, such as commercially available black.
  • a dampening solution having a pH of about 5.5 has the following constituents:
  • the methanol reduces surface tension and also serves as Wetting agent, as does the gum arabic.
  • the dilute phosphoric acid is a pH controller.
  • the dampening solution may be neutral.
  • a neutral dampening solution distilled water and a 1% solution of glycol ether sold under the name Turgitol N.P.X. To this at times a defoamer may be added.
  • This particular dampening solution is used for instance with a tinting ink where better results are obtained using glycol ether due to some ingredient in the ink which makes it bleed (i.e. blur) when the pH is too low. It is seen that the ingredients of the dampening solution can be varied according to the particular problem and conditions at hand.
  • the advantages of the invention are best appreciated by comparing it with the commonly used existing method of precipitating moisture setting inks by projecting saturated steam through nozzles or orifices in the direction of the printed web.
  • condensation of steam on the surface of the web furnishes water to initiate the precipitation-drying process.
  • the present pressure dampening system for drying moisture setting inks provides better contact of the moisture with the newly printed ink. This is because moisture is supplied under roll pressure, which contributes to improved permeation of moisture and the ink film and an increased rate of absorption of the ink solvent into the paper fibers.
  • saturated steam is used, the amount of moisture actually available for ink precipitation is governed by the quantity of steam that can be condensed on the surface of the ink film.
  • the rate of condensation drops continuously as more steam is added because of a corresponding rise in the dew point of the ink film.
  • the improved moisture contact provided by the pressure dampening system is particularly effective in drying heavy ink films. .With saturated steam, a skin of initially precipitated ink forms a barrier which tends to restrict further penetration of moisture into the underlying strata of the ink film. Substantial amounts of ink vehicle will thus remain in the ink. Precipitation being a reversible process, these quantities of vehicle can re-dissolve the dried surface layer of ink such that the ink is once again in the wet stage and capable of transferring as set-off and smear marks. With pressure dampening drying, sufificient moisture is applied directly to heavy ink films to effect their drying.
  • Another advantage of the invention is the independence from boundary layer effects. Since moisture is transferred in the liquid form, the pressure dampening system is not handicapped by boundary layer effects along the surface of a rapidly moving web. When using saturated steam, the access of steam to the web proper is limited by the boundary layer of air set up at high web speeds. Pressure roll dampening functions independently of boundary layer effects along the web. Thus the drying rate of moisture-setting ink films on a web in a high speed printing press is increased, and this is particularly advantageous with heavier ink films.
  • the invention increases the drying rate of moisture setting inks by the application of high roll pressure directly onto the ink film. Transfer and accumulation of ink on the pressure rolls is effectively prevented by providing a protective coating of dampening fluid to the surface of the pressure rolls.
  • the surfaces of the pressure rolls can be kept hydrophilic by continuously re-etching the pressure rolls by special techniques to a degree permitting application of a uniform moisture layer without the formation of droplets.
  • Moisture can be supplied to these pressure rolls by means of a dampening unit designed to permit control and regulation of the flow rate of dampening fluid to meet the particular requirements of the ink film to be dried.
  • the pH of the dampening fluid can be controlled to effect continuous reetching of the pressure rolls. Drying of 'both thin and heavy films of most commercial printing ink is possible, using this method and apparatus, .at speeds at least up to 1,000 feet per minute.
  • dampening the pressure rolls 19, 19 can be employed.
  • moisture can be applied by a wick urged against the pressure roll by a leaf spring.
  • a litho-style dampening system may be employed comprising a fountain roll revolving in dampening solution, a molleton covered ductor roll, a hard vibrator roller, and a molleton covered roll in contact with the pressure roll.
  • a third variation is an endless belt running in contact with the pressure roll and about a fountain roll.
  • the method of drying moisture-setting ink printed on fibrous web material having a surface including alternating peaks and inter-fiber voids, freshly printed ink in wet condition being deposited largely on the peaks of the fibrous web comprising the steps of continuously coating at least one roll of a pair of substantially smooth metallic pressure rolls revolving substantially in contact with one another with a thin uniform film of acidic dampening solution in liquid form to continuously re-etch the surface of said one roll to maintain said surface hydrophilic, and
  • a rotary card making machine for manufacturing cards from a fibrous web material having a surface including alternating peaks and inter-fiber voids, said machine including a print station for printing record forms onto the web with moisture-setting ink, freshly printed ink being deposited largely on the peaks of the fibrous web, and a cut-off station for cutting the web into unit lengths each having a printed form thereon, the print and cut-off stations each including a pair of rolls between which the web passes, the improvement comprising an ink drying station located between the print and cutoff stations,
  • said ink drying station including a pair of substantially smooth metallic rolls rotating in pressure contact against the web bearing freshly printed ink which is passed therebetween, and
  • a rotary card making machine for manufacturing cards from a fibrous web material having a surface including alternating peaks and inter-fiber voids, said machine including a print station for printing record forms onto the web with moisture-setting ink, freshly printed ink being deposited largely on the peaks of the fibrous web, and cut-off station for cutting the web into unit lengths each having a printed form thereon, the print and cut-off stations each including a pair of rolls between which the web passes, the improvement comprising an ink drying station located between the print and cut-off stations,
  • said ink drying station including a pair of metallic pressure rolls rotating substantially in contact with one another between which the web bearing freshly printed ink is passed, one of said rolls having a slightly etched hydrophilic surface,
  • dampening roll having a moisture retaining surface rotating in contact with said one pressure roll for applying thereto a thin uniform moisture film of slightly acidic dampening solution in liquid form
  • a rotary card making machine for manufacturing cards from a fibrous web material having a surface including alternating peaks and inter-fiber voids, said machine including a print station for printing record forms onto the web with moisture-setting ink and a cut-off station for cutting the web into unit lengths each having a printed form thereon, the print and cut-off stations each including a pair of rolls between which the web passes, the improvement comprising an ink drying station located between the print and cut-off stations,
  • said ink drying station including a pair of pressure rolls rotating substantially in contact with one another between which the web bearing freshly printed ink is passed,
  • dampening roll having a moisture retaining surface rotating in contact with one of said pressure rolls for applying thereto a thin moisture film of dampening solution in liquid form
  • said means for supplying said dampening roll with dampening solution including a spray nozzle directed at said dampening roll, and a metering roll for regulating the amount of moisture retained by the moisture retaining surface of said dampening roll.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Printing Methods (AREA)
  • Supply, Installation And Extraction Of Printed Sheets Or Plates (AREA)
US389565A 1964-08-14 1964-08-14 Method and apparatus for drying of moisture-setting inks Expired - Lifetime US3302296A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US389565A US3302296A (en) 1964-08-14 1964-08-14 Method and apparatus for drying of moisture-setting inks
IL23953A IL23953A (en) 1964-08-14 1965-07-14 Method for drying of moisture-setting inks
GB30936/65A GB1080096A (en) 1964-08-14 1965-07-21 Method for drying moisture setting printing ink
CH1097765A CH432558A (de) 1964-08-14 1965-08-04 Verfahren zur Trocknung von Druckfarbe
ES0316460A ES316460A1 (es) 1964-08-14 1965-08-13 Metodo de secar tintas que se fijan por humedad impresas sobre una banda de material fibroso
ES0316461A ES316461A1 (es) 1964-08-14 1965-08-13 Un aparato para secar tintas que se fijan por humedad, impresas sobre una banda de material fibroso

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US389565A US3302296A (en) 1964-08-14 1964-08-14 Method and apparatus for drying of moisture-setting inks

Publications (1)

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US3302296A true US3302296A (en) 1967-02-07

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US389565A Expired - Lifetime US3302296A (en) 1964-08-14 1964-08-14 Method and apparatus for drying of moisture-setting inks

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3302296A (es)
CH (1) CH432558A (es)
ES (2) ES316461A1 (es)
GB (1) GB1080096A (es)
IL (1) IL23953A (es)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3443322A (en) * 1966-08-23 1969-05-13 Zellweger Uster Ag Method for controlling the drying steps on continuous sheet of material
US4044674A (en) * 1974-07-24 1977-08-30 Smith R.P.M. Corporation Spray dampening system for high quality offset printing

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS57205194A (en) * 1981-06-12 1982-12-16 Dainippon Screen Mfg Co Ltd Polishing method for picture line part in thick painting
DD214336A1 (de) * 1983-04-11 1984-10-10 Polygraph Leipzig Schleuse zum ein- und ausfuehren von bahnfoermigem gut an einer vakuum- oder gaskammer
DE4013464C2 (de) * 1990-04-27 1995-01-05 Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag Gummieren der Druckform einer Druckmaschine
DE4227136C3 (de) * 1992-08-17 1998-08-13 Weitmann & Konrad Fa Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Befeuchten einer bedruckten und anschließend thermisch getrockneten, bewegten Materialbahn, insbesondere Papierbahn

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1364043A (en) * 1919-03-01 1920-12-28 Lewis M Dixon Process and apparatus for inking ribbons
US2157387A (en) * 1937-01-22 1939-05-09 Interchem Corp Method of setting coloring and coating compositions
US2231666A (en) * 1938-05-11 1941-02-11 Michle Printing Press & Mfg Co Dampening mechanism
US2244103A (en) * 1939-11-22 1941-06-03 Michigan Res Lab Inc Printing ink
US2250516A (en) * 1940-09-03 1941-07-29 Harris Seybold Potter Co Treatment of printing plates
US2275521A (en) * 1940-07-26 1942-03-10 Interchem Corp Method of setting printing ink
US2518607A (en) * 1946-01-16 1950-08-15 Erickson Donald Robert Printing ink and method of printing

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1364043A (en) * 1919-03-01 1920-12-28 Lewis M Dixon Process and apparatus for inking ribbons
US2157387A (en) * 1937-01-22 1939-05-09 Interchem Corp Method of setting coloring and coating compositions
US2231666A (en) * 1938-05-11 1941-02-11 Michle Printing Press & Mfg Co Dampening mechanism
US2244103A (en) * 1939-11-22 1941-06-03 Michigan Res Lab Inc Printing ink
US2275521A (en) * 1940-07-26 1942-03-10 Interchem Corp Method of setting printing ink
US2250516A (en) * 1940-09-03 1941-07-29 Harris Seybold Potter Co Treatment of printing plates
US2518607A (en) * 1946-01-16 1950-08-15 Erickson Donald Robert Printing ink and method of printing

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3443322A (en) * 1966-08-23 1969-05-13 Zellweger Uster Ag Method for controlling the drying steps on continuous sheet of material
US4044674A (en) * 1974-07-24 1977-08-30 Smith R.P.M. Corporation Spray dampening system for high quality offset printing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH432558A (de) 1967-03-31
ES316460A1 (es) 1965-11-16
IL23953A (en) 1969-04-30
ES316461A1 (es) 1966-04-01
GB1080096A (en) 1967-08-23

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