US3301663A - Steel making processes - Google Patents

Steel making processes Download PDF

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Publication number
US3301663A
US3301663A US362172A US36217264A US3301663A US 3301663 A US3301663 A US 3301663A US 362172 A US362172 A US 362172A US 36217264 A US36217264 A US 36217264A US 3301663 A US3301663 A US 3301663A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
steel
cutting
inclusions
steels
alloy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US362172A
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English (en)
Inventor
Wicher Adalbert
Pape Rolf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dortmund Hoerder Huettenunion AG
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Dortmund Hoerder Huettenunion AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dortmund Hoerder Huettenunion AG filed Critical Dortmund Hoerder Huettenunion AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3301663A publication Critical patent/US3301663A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C35/00—Master alloys for iron or steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C28/00—Alloys based on a metal not provided for in groups C22C5/00 - C22C27/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys

Definitions

  • a welded layer forms on the tools in the case of steels having good cutting properties, and this welded layer prevents cratering and wear of the front rake of the tool.
  • the formation of such a welded layer is due to non-metallic inclusions in the steel, such inclusions consisting of oxides or oxide compounds formed during deoxidation of the steel. It was not hitherto possible to find out accurately which oxides or oxide compounds have the greatest influence on the welded layers. In this connection it was proposed to improve the steel cutting properties by deoxidising the liquid melts with a calcium-silicon alloy.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the behaviour of steels which are to be cut at high cutting speeds, so that the steels give a long tool life over the entire range of practical cutting speeds.
  • the steel is deoxidised with a ferro-alloy which contains silicon, calcium, manganese and iron in the following proportions: 45-90% of silicon, 0.5-40% of calcium, 0.5-8% of manganese and remainder iron together with impurities.
  • a deoxidation alloy containing up to 4% of aluminium as well is particularly advantageous.
  • the oxygen content of the steel melt plays an important part in the cutting of steels over different cutting speed ranges and varying temperatures. It should be 0.004 minimum and 0.1% maximum. These conditions can be readily obtained, for example by degasification ited States Patent Patented Jan. 31, 1967 ICC treatment of the steel. Also, the aluminium contained in the deoxidation alloy must not be such as to fix the quantity of free oxygen present in the steel. The proportion of aluminium in the deoxidation alloy must be such that the A1 0 content of the isolated residue after deoxidation is 45% maximum. The SiO content of the residue should be more than 50%, While the C210 content should be between 0.5 and 25%.
  • the deoxidation agent used was a ferro-alloy having an aluminium content of 1.2%. It may range from 1 to 1.5%.
  • the silicon content of the ferro-alloy was about and its calcium content was approximately 7%.
  • the residue analysis was as follows:
  • the melting point of the inclusions can be varied by variation of the aluminium and calcium content of the deoxidation alloy. This also influences the extent of the welded layer, because it depends on the composition and the melting points of the inclusions.
  • the inclusions melt at higher temperatures for increasing aluminium oxide and calcium oxide contents. Higher cutting speeds then have to be used.
  • a process for the manufacture of steels containing a fine distribution of nonmetallic inclusions and having good cutting properties over a wide range of cutting speeds which comprises providing the steel with an oxygen content of 0.004 to 0.1%, deoxidizing the steel in the molten state with a ferro-alloy containing 45 to of silicon, 0.5 to 40% of calcium, up to 4% of aluminium, 0.5 to 8% of manganese and remainder iron in addition to impurities whereby a protective layer of oxidized inclusions will be formed on a tool cutting the steel.
  • a process according to claim 1 characterised in that the aluminium content of the deoxidation alloy is between 1 and 1.5%.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
US362172A 1963-04-27 1964-04-23 Steel making processes Expired - Lifetime US3301663A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED0041446 1963-04-27
DED43024A DE1258433B (de) 1963-04-27 1963-11-26 Verwendung einer Ferrolegierung beim Herstellen von Staehlen mit guter Zerspanbarkeit

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3301663A true US3301663A (en) 1967-01-31

Family

ID=25971623

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US362172A Expired - Lifetime US3301663A (en) 1963-04-27 1964-04-23 Steel making processes

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3301663A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) AT270727B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE646672A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE1258433B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1049917A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
LU (1) LU45808A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3765875A (en) * 1970-07-23 1973-10-16 L Septier Inoculating alloy for cast irons
US3767380A (en) * 1970-05-29 1973-10-23 Lenin Kohaszati Muvek Process for the production of free-cutting carbon steels with special deoxidation
US3933480A (en) * 1972-09-18 1976-01-20 Republic Steel Corporation Method of making stainless steel having improved machinability
US4127407A (en) * 1976-04-07 1978-11-28 Eitel Hans J Method of making a casting powder
US4795491A (en) * 1987-04-13 1989-01-03 Quigley Joseph R Premelted synthetic slag for ladle desulfurizing molten steel

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5115487B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1971-08-04 1976-05-17
US4115111A (en) * 1973-11-13 1978-09-19 Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha Free-cutting structural steel for machines
IT1026168B (it) * 1974-12-27 1978-09-20 Centro Speriment Metallurg Procedimento per la produzione di acciai ad elevata lavorabilita ed acciai cosi ottenuti
FR2414560A1 (fr) * 1978-01-13 1979-08-10 Metal Research Corp Ferrosilicium de haute purete pour ameliorer les qualites de l'acier et de la fonte

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US660846A (en) * 1896-06-10 1900-10-30 Krupp Gmbh Process of deoxidating metals.
US3000731A (en) * 1958-02-03 1961-09-19 Res Inst Iron Steel Fine-grained steels
US3137570A (en) * 1962-08-10 1964-06-16 Vanadium Corp Of America Inoculating alloy
US3215525A (en) * 1962-10-12 1965-11-02 Vanadium Corp Of America Deoxidation alloy

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE904181C (de) * 1943-05-05 1954-02-15 Neunkircher Eisenwerk Ag Verfahren zum Herstellen von Automatenstahl

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US660846A (en) * 1896-06-10 1900-10-30 Krupp Gmbh Process of deoxidating metals.
US3000731A (en) * 1958-02-03 1961-09-19 Res Inst Iron Steel Fine-grained steels
US3137570A (en) * 1962-08-10 1964-06-16 Vanadium Corp Of America Inoculating alloy
US3215525A (en) * 1962-10-12 1965-11-02 Vanadium Corp Of America Deoxidation alloy

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3767380A (en) * 1970-05-29 1973-10-23 Lenin Kohaszati Muvek Process for the production of free-cutting carbon steels with special deoxidation
US3765875A (en) * 1970-07-23 1973-10-16 L Septier Inoculating alloy for cast irons
US3933480A (en) * 1972-09-18 1976-01-20 Republic Steel Corporation Method of making stainless steel having improved machinability
US4127407A (en) * 1976-04-07 1978-11-28 Eitel Hans J Method of making a casting powder
US4795491A (en) * 1987-04-13 1989-01-03 Quigley Joseph R Premelted synthetic slag for ladle desulfurizing molten steel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE646672A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1964-08-17
LU45808A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1964-06-03
DE1258433B (de) 1968-01-11
GB1049917A (en) 1966-11-30
AT270727B (de) 1969-05-12
DE1248690B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1967-08-31

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