US3298785A - Burner and method of use - Google Patents

Burner and method of use Download PDF

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Publication number
US3298785A
US3298785A US246572A US24657262A US3298785A US 3298785 A US3298785 A US 3298785A US 246572 A US246572 A US 246572A US 24657262 A US24657262 A US 24657262A US 3298785 A US3298785 A US 3298785A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
passageway
fuel
burner
passageways
pipes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US246572A
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English (en)
Inventor
Reul Friedrich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heraeus Quarzschmelze GmbH
Heraeus Schott Quarzschmelze GmbH
Original Assignee
Heraeus Schott Quarzschmelze GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
    • G01N31/12—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D91/00—Burners specially adapted for specific applications, not otherwise provided for
    • F23D91/02—Burners specially adapted for specific applications, not otherwise provided for for use in particular heating operations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/71—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited
    • G01N21/72—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited using flame burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2206/00—Burners for specific applications
    • F23D2206/0094—Gas burners adapted for use in illumination and heating

Definitions

  • This invention relates to burners -and nds particular application in the case of burners used for analysis ⁇ of material in liquid or gas form.
  • The'apparatus andfprocedure of the invention is particularly well suited for the burning and analysis of organic liquids and gases.
  • Apparatus for the determination of sulfur, halogen, and boron content of organic substances by quantitative combustion of the substances. ⁇ lAn example of such apparatus is the Dr. Wickbold burner.
  • the inner passageway is referred to herein as the rst passageway and the innermost annular ⁇ passageway is referred to as the second passageway, the next annular passageway as the third passageway, andthe outermost annular passageway as the fourth passageway.
  • the oxygen necessary for combustion is passed through the inner or rst passageway; the substance to be analyzed is passed through the second passageway; a combustible gas, usually hydrogen, is passed through the third passageway; and excess oxygen is passed through the fourth passageway.
  • the oxygen supply supports combustion, and the hydrogen supply provides a flame to assure burning of the substance to be analyzed (herein referred to as the fuel).
  • the exit ends of the pipes terminate in a common plane perpendicular to the axis of the pipes.
  • the pipes defining the passageway for thev substance to be analyzed or the fuel may become completely closed so that the device is inoperative, or may become partially closed so that errors occur in the analysis.
  • the exit end of the burner is heated to the extent that the substance analyzed, if a liquid, is vaporized within the passageway through which it travels, and, depending on the substance being analyzed, solids are deposited in the pipe by reason of this evaporation in the pipe. This tends to clog the pipe and may occasion errors in analysis.
  • the thermally stressed parts of the known burners are made up of quartz.
  • a burner construction which is characterized in that the burning of the fuel (substance to be analyzed) occurs at a locus spaced from the discharge end of the passageway through which the fuel passes. This prevents the deposit of solids due to burning at the discharge of the fuel supply passageway, and further reduces the extent to which the discharge end of the fuel supply passageway is heated, so that, in the case of liquids, evaporation does not occur or does not occur to as great an extent, as in lthe case of burners wherein the burning takes place at the discharge of the fuel supply passageway.
  • a burner comprises a plurality of concentrically disposed pipes providing an ice inner passageway 'and separate outer passagewa'ys-about the inner passageway.
  • Each ⁇ of said -passageways hasian inlet end and an outletend and said inletends arep'disi posed adjacent each other and the outlet ends arey disposed adjacent each other.
  • Means are 'prdvided'ffor introducing fuel into the inletfend of the inner'passa'geway, and means vare provided for placing material forfacilitatin'g burning (hydrogen and oxygen inthe'case 'o'f'tlie"fDry Wickbold burner) of 'the fuel into the inlet end i the other passageways.
  • the fuel and'onefof the materials for facilitating combustion are admixed ⁇ at the discharge of the fuel supply"pas"sageway ⁇ (-theinner passageway) and additional material for facilitatingrcoml bustion of the fuel isk released frorr the outer passageway at a pointspacedfrom the discharge' end of the two' inner Pa'ssag'ew'ays.
  • the burner corn"- p' rises fourconcentrically dis'posedpipes providingarst passageway throughtheinnermst pipe, a second ⁇ passagew'ay as" 'a'sjannulus about the" firstl'passageway, a third passageway as an annulus about said second passageway, and a fourth '-passag'efwayas an'annulus about -the 'third passageway.
  • ⁇ Fuel is to-'be'introduced into the first passageway and'material for facilitating burning of the fuel is introduced through the remaining 'three passageways.
  • the invention ⁇ particularly contemplates" an4 apparatus comprising four concentrically disposed pipes, -as just described, and wherein the st, second, and "third passageways terminate short of the fourth or outermost pas'- sageway.
  • Such construction is provided by terminating the two inner pipes ⁇ shortof the two outer pipes.
  • the two inner pipes can terminate in the same plane which is perpendicular to' the axis ofthe burner and the two outer pipes can ⁇ terminate in the same plane, also perpendicular to the axis of the burner.
  • the invention provides' the burning procedure'wherein at least part of the materialfor facilitating combustion is conveyed by its delivery pipe to a locus of release -spaced from the outlet end of the pipe through which the fuel is conveyed, whereby the material for facilitating combustion is admixed with the fuel at the locus spaced from the outlet end of the fuel delivery pipe, and burning of the fuel occurs at a locus spaced from the outlet end of the fuel delivery pipe.
  • the rfuel is burned at a locus removed from the outlet end of its delivery pipe, and combustion does not start at the said outletend asis the case for prior art burners.
  • conversion of the fuel into a gas does not take place inthe fuel delivery pipe, but ratheroccurs after discharge of the fuel from the outlet end of its pipe.
  • oxygen is i passed through the inner pipe, the fuel is passed through 'the first annular passageway, hydrogen through the second annular passageway and oxygen through the third annular passageway.
  • fuel is passed through the inner p ipe, oxygen can be passed through the rst and second'annularpassageways, and hydrogen can be passed through the third annular passageway.
  • This preferred procedure offers the advantage that the fuel is well shieldedffrom the hydrogen which diffuses readily.
  • the hydrogen provides the igniting flame, maintains the combustion, and assures complete combustion of the fuel.
  • the cross-sectional flow area of the passageways adjacent the spaanse outletends thereof decreases inthe direction of the outlet ends. This provides an increase in flow velocity as the fuel yand materials for facilitating approach the outlet ends of their respective pipes.
  • Another preferred embodiment is .with respect to the relative cross-sectional flow area of the second passageway (first annular passageway) and the third passagewayv (second annular passageway).
  • t-he cross-sectional flow area of thethird passageway is larger than thecross-sectional flow area of the second passageway.
  • four pipes la, 4a, 5a, and 6a are disposed in concentricrelationship and provide an inner or first passageway 1,- a second passageway or first annular passageway 4, a third passageway or second annular passageway 5, and ⁇ a fourth passageway or third annular passageway 6.
  • the .pipes terminate in outlet ends indicatedby the arrow 14, and the pipes. 1a and ⁇ 4aterminate .short of the. point of termination -of the pipes 5a and 6a, so that the passageways.1,.4 and Sterminate short of the termination yof the passageway 6.
  • the pipe la extends rearwardly frorn'the ,outlet ends 14 andy is integral with a connecting link 2 which connects the pipe 1awith a source off-ucl or material to-.be analyzed.
  • the material to be analyzed is contained in the container 3.
  • the pipe 4a extends rearwardly and communicates with the bulb 4b.
  • the.pipe. 5a extends rearwardly and communicates with thebulb 5b,v
  • the lconnecting links 8 and 7 are each outttedwith a Valve 9, whereby the flow in thepipes -4aand 5a can be proportioned as is desi-red. Oxygen.
  • the louter pipe 6a extends rearwardly andconnects with a bulb 6b, and this-bulb is communicated withy acontainer 13 by a connecting link 11.
  • the connectinglink 11 is, outfitted with a valve 17.2. ⁇ Hydrogen forsupporting the combustion can-be contained in the container 13. 1 v
  • the cross-sectional flow area of the second passageway (first annular passageway) is smaller than the cross-sectional flow area ofrthe third passageway (second annular passageway).
  • the burner can be constructed of quartz, as is known for such burners, and the outer pipe 6a can be aground .Section- 4 The burner operates in a known manner as a suction burner. In use, ⁇ it can be placed in a fired tube, as is known. y
  • a burner comprising four concentrically ldisposed pipes providing a first passageway through the innermost pipe, a secondv passageway a-s an annulus about said first passageway, a third passageway as an annulus about said second passageway, and a fourth passageway as lan annulus about said third passageway, each of said passageways having an inlet end and an outlet end, and said inlet ends being disposed adjacent each other and said outlet ends being disposed adjacent each other, means for introducing fuel to said first passageway and means for introducing material for facilitating burning of the fuel through the remaining three passageways, said first, second, and third passageways terminating short of said fourth passageway.
  • a burner according to claim 1 the cross-sectional flow area of ⁇ said passageways adjacent the outlet ends thereof, decreasing in the directions of the outlet ends.
  • a burner according to claim 1 the cross-sectional flow area of said third passageway adjacent the outlet ends being larger than the cross-sectional flow area of said second passageway adjacent the outlet ends.
  • a burner according to claim 1 the two inner pipes terminating in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the burner and the two outer pipes terminating in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the burner.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
US246572A 1962-01-13 1962-12-21 Burner and method of use Expired - Lifetime US3298785A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEH0446101 1962-01-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3298785A true US3298785A (en) 1967-01-17

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ID=7184362

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US246572A Expired - Lifetime US3298785A (en) 1962-01-13 1962-12-21 Burner and method of use

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3298785A (es)
BE (1) BE625110A (es)
GB (1) GB951046A (es)
NL (2) NL126733C (es)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3428433A (en) * 1964-06-16 1969-02-18 Friedrich Ehrenberger Oxyhydrogen combustion apparatus for determining the sulphur and halogen contents of organic substances
US3449584A (en) * 1966-05-20 1969-06-10 Nat Distillers Chem Corp Contaminated air detector using radiant energy sensitive means
US3507589A (en) * 1966-12-02 1970-04-21 Bausch & Lomb Burner for flame photometers
US3982878A (en) * 1975-10-09 1976-09-28 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Burning rate control in hydrogen fuel combustor
US4160802A (en) * 1978-02-23 1979-07-10 University Of Illinois Foundation Instrument for the automated determination of organic halogens
US4167334A (en) * 1978-03-30 1979-09-11 Phillips Petroleum Co. Flame head for flame photometric detector used in gas chromatography
US4343605A (en) * 1980-05-23 1982-08-10 Browning Engineering Corporation Method of dual fuel operation of an internal burner type ultra-high velocity flame jet apparatus
DE3118876A1 (de) * 1981-05-13 1982-12-02 Heraeus Quarzschmelze Gmbh, 6450 Hanau "verfahren und vorrichtung zum aufschluss von organischen feststoffproben"
US4933163A (en) * 1987-10-16 1990-06-12 Metallgesellschaft Ag Process of removing hydrogen sulfide from exhaust gas
US5516281A (en) * 1995-02-06 1996-05-14 Molodow; Marvin A. Multiple jet burner
US5614417A (en) * 1993-10-07 1997-03-25 Kubala; Sidney W. Sulfur chemiluminescence detection method
US6511850B1 (en) 1999-07-13 2003-01-28 The Texas A&M University System Pneumatic nebulizing interface to convert an analyte-containing fluid stream into an aerosol, method for using same and instruments including same
US20040124256A1 (en) * 2002-10-11 2004-07-01 Tsuyoshi Itsukaichi High-velocity flame spray gun and spray method using the same
US20090068605A1 (en) * 2006-02-28 2009-03-12 Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. Quartz glass made burner
US20140150445A1 (en) * 2012-11-02 2014-06-05 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company System and method for load control with diffusion combustion in a stoichiometric exhaust gas recirculation gas turbine system
US20150285770A1 (en) * 2010-02-26 2015-10-08 Rosario Mannino Jet assembly for use in detectors and other devices

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2121463A (en) * 1923-08-13 1938-06-21 Canadian Electro Prod Co Making carbon black
US3141741A (en) * 1961-09-26 1964-07-21 Gulf Research Development Co Burner for analytical procedures

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2121463A (en) * 1923-08-13 1938-06-21 Canadian Electro Prod Co Making carbon black
US3141741A (en) * 1961-09-26 1964-07-21 Gulf Research Development Co Burner for analytical procedures

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3428433A (en) * 1964-06-16 1969-02-18 Friedrich Ehrenberger Oxyhydrogen combustion apparatus for determining the sulphur and halogen contents of organic substances
US3449584A (en) * 1966-05-20 1969-06-10 Nat Distillers Chem Corp Contaminated air detector using radiant energy sensitive means
US3507589A (en) * 1966-12-02 1970-04-21 Bausch & Lomb Burner for flame photometers
US3982878A (en) * 1975-10-09 1976-09-28 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Burning rate control in hydrogen fuel combustor
US4160802A (en) * 1978-02-23 1979-07-10 University Of Illinois Foundation Instrument for the automated determination of organic halogens
US4167334A (en) * 1978-03-30 1979-09-11 Phillips Petroleum Co. Flame head for flame photometric detector used in gas chromatography
US4343605A (en) * 1980-05-23 1982-08-10 Browning Engineering Corporation Method of dual fuel operation of an internal burner type ultra-high velocity flame jet apparatus
US4499191A (en) * 1981-05-13 1985-02-12 Heraeus Quarzschmelze Gmbh Method and apparatus for the decomposition of specimens of solid organic substances
DE3118876A1 (de) * 1981-05-13 1982-12-02 Heraeus Quarzschmelze Gmbh, 6450 Hanau "verfahren und vorrichtung zum aufschluss von organischen feststoffproben"
US4933163A (en) * 1987-10-16 1990-06-12 Metallgesellschaft Ag Process of removing hydrogen sulfide from exhaust gas
US5614417A (en) * 1993-10-07 1997-03-25 Kubala; Sidney W. Sulfur chemiluminescence detection method
US5516281A (en) * 1995-02-06 1996-05-14 Molodow; Marvin A. Multiple jet burner
US6511850B1 (en) 1999-07-13 2003-01-28 The Texas A&M University System Pneumatic nebulizing interface to convert an analyte-containing fluid stream into an aerosol, method for using same and instruments including same
US20040124256A1 (en) * 2002-10-11 2004-07-01 Tsuyoshi Itsukaichi High-velocity flame spray gun and spray method using the same
US20090068605A1 (en) * 2006-02-28 2009-03-12 Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. Quartz glass made burner
US20150285770A1 (en) * 2010-02-26 2015-10-08 Rosario Mannino Jet assembly for use in detectors and other devices
US20140150445A1 (en) * 2012-11-02 2014-06-05 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company System and method for load control with diffusion combustion in a stoichiometric exhaust gas recirculation gas turbine system
US10215412B2 (en) * 2012-11-02 2019-02-26 General Electric Company System and method for load control with diffusion combustion in a stoichiometric exhaust gas recirculation gas turbine system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB951046A (en) 1964-03-04
NL285334A (es) 1900-01-01
BE625110A (es) 1900-01-01
NL126733C (es) 1900-01-01

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