US3292800A - Excavator - Google Patents

Description

3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Dec. 20, 1966 JEREMIASEN EXCAVATOR Filed March 18, 1965 Tom JEREMIRSEN Dec. 20, 1966 1-. JEREMIASEN 3,292,800

EXCAVATOR Filed March 18, 1965 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 ZA/l/ENTOR Dec. 20, 1966 T.JEREMIASEN 3,292,800

EXCAVATOR Filed March 18, 1965 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 7595 YER/5mm SEN United States Patent 3,292,800 EXCAVATOR Tore Jeremiasen, Malmo, Sweden, assignor to Aktieholaget Schakta, Malmo, Sweden, a corporation of Sweden Filed Mar. 18, 1965, Ser. No. 440,742

Claims priority, application Sweden, Mar. 23, 1964,

1 Claim. (Cl. 214-138) This invention relates to an excavator for underground work, particularly to a hydraulically adjustable bucketshaft of an excavator for underground work.

Excavating is nowadays done over the whole world almost entirely with machines fitted with deep-excavating assemblies. The known excavators of this type have a disadvantage in regard to the working radius, resulting from the excavators dimensions, particularly the lengths of the boom and of the bucket-shaft. But in excavating there are always situations in which the excavator is positioned in front of the excavation and cannot pass nearer thereto in order to reach more distant masses of earth. Handwork is then necessary and makes the work more expensive and time-consuming.

In other cases, for example where especially deep drainage ditches have to be excavated, it is necessary to fit longer bucket shafts or to elongate the ordinary bucket shaft, and thereby lose a lot of time. Permanent elongations are moreover a hinderance when loading earth or the like onto lorries.

The present invention relates to an arrangement, with a hydraulically adjustable bucket shaft, which eliminates the above disadvantages by permitting outward and inward movements parallel with the work, independent of the ordinary lifting machinery, thereby giving a saving of time during lifting of earth masses.

FIGURE 1 is a side view of an excavator according to the present invention;

FIGURE 2 is an enlarged side view in partial section of the bucket and bucket shaft according to a first embodiment of the invention, including a fragment of the boom, showing the connections and drive cables between the boom and shovel shaft;

FIGURE 3 is an enlarged side view in partial section of a second embodiment of the invention showing a double acting cylinder between the boom and shovel shaft.

An example of the invention is shown on the accompanying drawing, in which FIGURE 1 shows an excavator with the arrangement according to the present invention, seen from one side. The excavator can be fitted with a tracked or rubber-wheeled chassis Zn, on which a cabin is based, in which the machinery such as cable drums, controls and the like is arranged. In FIGURE 2 the bucket shaft is shown with its upper part in section.

The arrangement consists of a boom 1, mounted for vertical movement at one end about a hinge 2 on the excavator and having mounted on its other end, by a horizontal pivot, a sleeve-like upper part 3 of a shaft,

3,292,800 Patented Dec. 20, 1966 "ice A lower part 4 of the shaft can be pushed in and out of the upper part 3 through sealing guide means seen in FIGURE 2 by means of a double-acting cylinder 5, whose piston rod 5a is placed in the lower part 4, and whose outside cylinder 5b is placed in the upper part 3. A hand valve permits control of the piston rod 5a, which is assembled in a hydraulic system in the machine, and the lower part 4 of the shaft can be pushed out or in, so that by this way the length of the excavating assembly can be increased or reduced. On the shaft 4 the excavator shovel 6 is mounted by a hinge and can be rotated vertically by means of a double-acting cylinder 7. Instead of the cylinder 7 there may be used a rigid link 7a by which the shovel 6 becomes rigidly connected with the lower part 4 of the shaft.

Parts 3 and 4, shovel 6 and cylinders 5 and 7 form an assembly which, by means of cables 8 and 9, can be turned in a vertical plane round the bearing of the boom 1. This movement can also be carried out by means of a double-acting cylinder 10 (see FIG. 3), as an alternative to the cables 8 and 9.

Excavating by means of conventional excavators requires absolute cooperation between the lifting assemblies and retracting assemblies to permit the obtaining of a plane base in the excavation hole. By making the shovel shaft hydraulically operable, in the manner according to the present invention, a considerable simplification is obtained, and a plane pit base can be obtained with greater precision.

I claim:

In an excavator comprising: a chassis; a boom swingably mounted on said chassis; a shovel shaft mounted on said boom and having an upper and a lower part longitudinally telescopically slidable with respect to each other; and a shovel on said lower shaft part, the improvement in which: the upper part of said shaft comprises a rigid totally closed sleeve within which the lower shaft part is reciprocated through sealing guide means; axially reciprocating power means within said upper shaft part connecting and driving said upper and lower shaft parts axially with respect to each other; means defining the pivotal position of said shovel, on said lower shaft part, arranged between said shovel and said lower shaft part; and a connection between said defining means and said lower shaft part located below and outside the upper part of said shaft when said lower shaft part is fully retracted, said connection being of diameter larger than said shaft and thereby precluded from telescoping within said shaft.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,562,288 11/1925 Burke 2l4-138 1,611,195 12/1926 Jelen 214138 2,411,498 11/1946 Billings 214-138 2,498,000 2/ 1950 McLean 214138 3,087,636 4/1963 Weaver 2l4141 3,140,000 7/ 1964 Pilch 214--138 O. SCI-IULZ, Primary Examiner

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