US3862697A - Front loading hydraulic excavator - Google Patents
Front loading hydraulic excavator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3862697A US3862697A US283621A US28362172A US3862697A US 3862697 A US3862697 A US 3862697A US 283621 A US283621 A US 283621A US 28362172 A US28362172 A US 28362172A US 3862697 A US3862697 A US 3862697A
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- Prior art keywords
- bucket
- boom
- stick
- jack
- master cylinder
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/42—Drives for dippers, buckets, dipper-arms or bucket-arms
- E02F3/43—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations
- E02F3/435—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations for dipper-arms, backhoes or the like
- E02F3/436—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations for dipper-arms, backhoes or the like for keeping the dipper in the horizontal position, e.g. self-levelling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/30—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
- E02F3/308—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom working outwardly
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/42—Drives for dippers, buckets, dipper-arms or bucket-arms
- E02F3/425—Drive systems for dipper-arms, backhoes or the like
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S414/00—Material or article handling
- Y10S414/13—Handlers utilizing parallel links
Definitions
- ilnite tates can a a1
- the excavator applies power to the bucket for cutting and the like solely through the manipulation of linkages, with the vehicle normally kept or maintained in a stationary position.
- This is in contrast to the usual loader machine wherein force or power is applied to the bucket for loading purposes by translation of the vehicle itself along the ground.
- power is applied to the excavator bucket by means of hydraulically operated linkages, whereas power is applied to the loader type bucket by means of the driving wheels of the vehicle.
- the movement of the bucket in an excavator is controlled during its operation through the manipulation of the linkage system.
- An excavator normally employs a scissors-like linkage arrangement having a boom pivoted at one end of the excavator vehicle, and a stick pivoted at one of its ends to the outer end of the boom, and a bucket pivoted to the outer end of the stick.
- Hydraulic rams or motors are operatively connected for operation of each of the boom, stick and bucket, and are each provided with a separate control valve manipulated by the operator to control the respective motor.
- All three of the valves must be manipulated simultaneously by the operator. This requires diligence, experience and concentration by the operator. Such diligence and concentration hasten the fatigue of the operator, resulting in his inefficient handling of this operation.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide linkage and control means for an excavator that is operative to automatically maintain attitude control during movement of the boom structure.
- a further object of the present invention is to provide an excavator linkage and control system having means operative to automatically maintain the attitude of the bucket during movement of either one or both of the boom and stick.
- hydraulic excavator linkage especially suitable for front loading buckets having linkage means operative to maintain bucket attitude during crowding movement of the stick.
- Control means responsive to movement of the boom is provided to maintain the bucket in a preselected attitude during this movement.
- FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of an excavator embodying the linkage and control means of the present invention with the linkage shown in the fully retracted position;
- FIG. 2 is a view like FIG. 1 showing the linkage in the fully extended position
- FIG. 3 is a view, taken generally along lines Ill-III of FIG. 2; and,
- FIG. 4 is a schematic of a hydraulic control system of the present invention.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 there is illustrated a bucket actuating linkage generally designated by the numeral 10, operatively supported on a suitable vehicle 12 to form a hydraulic excavator which further comprises an upper frame or platform 14 rotatably mounted on a track undercarriage 16 by suitable bearing means 18.
- the bucket actuating linkage comprises a boom 20 having one end pivotally connected to the frame at 22, with a pair of hydraulic hoist or lift jacks 24 operatively connected between the frame and the boom for controlling the pivotal movement of the boom 20 about pivot 22.
- the jacks are individually disposed on and connected to opposite sides of the boom (FIG. 3).
- the term hydraulic jack is used herein in the usual sense to refer generally to the well known linear acting hydraulic motor, also commonly known as a hydraulic cylinder.
- the bucket linkage includes a stick 26having one end pivotally connected at 28 to the outer end of the boom and movable about pivot 28 by a hydraulic crowd jack 30, pivotally connected to the boom at 32 and to the stick at 34.
- the crowd jack 30 is disposed below the boom and offset to one side of the center line of the boom (FIG. 3) to provide room for a master cylinder, as discussed later.
- a bucket 36 is pivotally mounted at 38 to the lower end of the stick'26 and controlled in its pivotal movement about pivot mount 38 by a pair of spaced hydraulic bucket control jacks 40 pivotally connected to the boom at a pivot 42.
- the pivot 42 is spaced from the outer end of boom 20, and disposed intermediate pivots 22 and 28.
- the rods of the bucket control jacks '40 are operatively connected at 44 to a wrist-linkage 4,6, which includes links 48 and 50 pivotally connected respectively to the bucket at 52 and stick at 54.
- the bucket jacks and stick form opposite sides of a substantially parallelogram configuration.
- the wrist linkage 46 forms a third side of the parallelogram, and the portion of the boom between pivots 28 and 42 forms the fourth side. This linkage is not a true parallelogram at all times, since the link defined byljacks 40 va,-,-
- the link 50 may also be longer thanthe distance between pivots 28 and 42, in order to maintain an adequate lever arm on the bucket.
- a hydraulic jack 56 hereinafter referred to as a master cylinder, is connected between the frameand the boom at pivots 58 and 60, respectively.
- the master cylinder is disposed below the boom and offset from the crowd jack 30 (see FIG. 3).
- the master cylinder 56 may be considered to function as a pump with the fluid therein being forced from alternate sides of the piston therein to alternate sides of the pistons of the bucket jacks 40. This action takes place in response to movement of the boom 20 with force transmitted from the boom to the cylinder.
- the rod end of master cylinder 56 communicates with the rod ends of bucket control jacks 40, and the head end communicates. with the head end of the jacks 40.
- Primary operation of the bucket jacks is controlled by a selector valve 62 which is selectively operable to direct pressurized fluid from a pump 64 to either side ofjacks via lines 66 and 68, and from either side thereof to sump 70.
- the master cylinder 56 and the jacks 40 must be selected to have the appropriate volume for the desired relative movement.
- the bucket control jacks 40 act substantially as solid links during this phase, and cause the bucket to rotate clockwise about-.pigiotfiSspch that the bucket remains substantially level.
- the hoist jacks 24, under operator control are extended slightly during the initial portion of the cut, and then retracted to lower the boom during the remaining portion of the cut. Since the master cylinder 56 is also retracted when the boom is lowered. the fluid from the head end of the master cylinder is communicated to the head ends of the bucket control jacks, causing themto extend slightly. (The control valve 62 shown on FIG. 4 is in the closed condition shown.) However, the geometry of the substantially parallelogram type linkage formed by the bucket jacks 40, stick 26, wrist linkage 4,6, and the boom portion between pivots 28 and 42 compensates for such extension, to maintain the bucket in the level position.
- the bucket control jacks are then extendedto ciirl'thebucket counterclockwise about pivot 38 to the carry position shown by solid lines on FIG. 2.
- the hoist jacks 24 are then extended, pivoting the boom 20 about pivot 22, and raising the bucket to the elevated position shown by broken lin e s'on FIG/2; Raising thejboom .causes the master cylinder to extend, and the fluid from the rod end of the cylinder to be communicated to the rod end of the bucket control jacks 40.”l'his causes jacks 40 to retract, pivoting the bucket clockwise about pivot 38, with the result that the attitude of the bucket remains substantially constant relative to the ground as the bucket is raised i
- the bucket is dumped by retraction of the bucket control jacks, and the bucket, stick and boom are returned to the start dig position to repeat the loading cycle.
- a hydraulic excavator comprising:
- a vehicle having a mobile carriage and a rotary platform supported on said carriage;
- a bucket pivotally connected to the other end of said stick; 7 a hydraulic jack pivotally connected at one end to said boom inboard of said stick and at the other end to operate said bucket, said jack and said stick together with said boom and said bucket forming a four bar linkage; means including a master cylinder operatively connected to be operated by said boom, and means operatively communicating pressurized fluid from said master cylinder to said bucket jack in response to pivotal movement of said boom to maintain said bucket in a substantially constant preselected attitude.
- the rod end of said master cylinder communicates with the rod end of said bucket jack.
- a bucket linkage and-control system for an excavator vehicle having ground engaging translation means comprising:
- a boom for pivotal connection at one end to a vehicle
- said boom and stick each having a length exceeding the distance of the boom pivotal connection above the ground engaging portion of said translation means;
- a hydraulic jack for pivotal operation of each of said boom, stick, and bucket, said hydraulic jack for operation of said bucket, together with said stick, forming opposite sides of a four bar linkage and defining substantially a parallelogram when operated for level crowd;
- means responsive to movement of said boom comprising a master cylinder operatively connected to be operated by movement of said boom:
- connection of said bucket operating jack to said boom is spaced inboard from the connection of the stick to the end thereof.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
Abstract
There is disclosed a hydraulic excavator having linkage providing for a front loading arrangement whereby the bucket opens away from the vehicle. The linkage is arranged to maintain a substantially fixed preselected attitude of the bucket with respect to the boom upon movement of the stick about its pivotal connection to the boom. Further control means are provided to maintain a preselected attitude of the bucket with respect to a fixed plane upon movement of the boom.
Description
ilnite tates can a a1,
atent [1 1 1 Jan. 28, 1975 1 1 FRONT LOADING HYDRAULIC EXCAVATOR [75] Inventors: Stephen 1-1. Gill, Aurora; Harvey A. Knell, Joliet; Joseph M. Tucker, [[1, Aurora, all of 111.
[73] Assignee: Caterpillar Tractor Co., Peoria, 111.
[22] Filed: Aug. 24, 1972 [21] Appl. No.: 283,621
[52] US. Cl 214/763, 214/D1G. 10,214/138 [51] Int. Cl 1502f 3/86 [58] Field of Search 214/138, 763, 770, DIG. 1O
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,028,026 4/1962 Palmberg 214/778 3,220,581 11/1965 Pederson Long 214/764 7/1970 Holsinger 214/764 10/1970 Brownell 214/138 R Primary E.raminer-Robert J. Spar Assistant Examiner.l. Mannix Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Phillips, Moore, Weissenberger, Lempio & Strabala [57] ABSTRACT There is disclosed a hydraulic excavator having linkage providing for a front loading arrangement whereby the bucket opens away from the vehicle. The linkage is arranged to maintain a substantially fixed preselected attitude of the bucket with respect to the boom upon'movement'of the stick about its pivotal connection to the boom. Further control means are provided to maintain a preselected attitude of the bucket with respect to a fixed. plane upon movement of the boom.
7 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures saw 2 or 5 PATENIED JAN 28 I975 I FRONT LOADING HYDRAULIC EXCAVATOR BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION erated as a loader with a front opening or front loading bucket.
The excavator applies power to the bucket for cutting and the like solely through the manipulation of linkages, with the vehicle normally kept or maintained in a stationary position. This is in contrast to the usual loader machine wherein force or power is applied to the bucket for loading purposes by translation of the vehicle itself along the ground. In other words, power is applied to the excavator bucket by means of hydraulically operated linkages, whereas power is applied to the loader type bucket by means of the driving wheels of the vehicle. Thus, the movement of the bucket in an excavator is controlled during its operation through the manipulation of the linkage system.
The application of power to the bucket by means of the linkage system requires careful and precise control of the linkage itself in order to achieve proper manipulation of the bucket. An excavator normally employs a scissors-like linkage arrangement having a boom pivoted at one end of the excavator vehicle, and a stick pivoted at one of its ends to the outer end of the boom, and a bucket pivoted to the outer end of the stick. Hydraulic rams or motors are operatively connected for operation of each of the boom, stick and bucket, and are each provided with a separate control valve manipulated by the operator to control the respective motor. To achieve operations requiring the taking of a substantially level cut, all three of the valves must be manipulated simultaneously by the operator. This requires diligence, experience and concentration by the operator. Such diligence and concentration hasten the fatigue of the operator, resulting in his inefficient handling of this operation.
Another problem with such excavators is that due to the geometry of the linkage, the attitude or angle of the bucket relative to the ground increases as the boom is raised. In order to prevent the load from being spilled over the back of the bucket, the operator must continually manually control the bucket attitude throughout the full range of this movement. This adds to the operators work and necessary concentration, further increasing his fatigue and decreasing his efficiency. The prior art approach to bucket level control during crowding movement of the stick is exemplified by U.S. Pat. No. 3,166,205, issued Jan. 19, 1965 to W. D. Symmank; U.S. Pat. No. 3,251,490, issued May 17, 1966 to G. Guinot; and, U.S. Pat. No. 3,327,880, issued June 27, 1967 to E. C. Brown. A similar arrangement is shown in British Specification No. 1,200,133.
The prior art approach to bucket attitude control in conventional loader systems is exemplified by U.S. Pat. No. 2,820,555, issued Jan. 21, 1958 to H. F. Lessman; U.S. Pat. No. 3,028,026, issued Apr. 3, 1962 to .I. A. Palmberg; and, U.S. Pat. No. 3,220,581, issued Nov. 30, 1965 to C. O. Pedersen, et a1. Australian Patent No.
242310, accepted 24th Dec. 1962 illustrates another approach to this problem.
While the disclosed systems generally provide an acceptable solution to bucket attitude control during movement of one or the other of the boom or the stick, they fail to provide attitude control during combined movement of the boom and the stick. These prior art arrangements also fail to provide a single system having attitude control operative with movement of either one of the stick or the boom.
SUMMARY AND OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION It is a primary object of the present invention to provide a hydraulic excavator linkage system that is operative to maintain bucket attitude control automatically during crowding movement of the excavator stick.
Another object of the present invention is to provide linkage and control means for an excavator that is operative to automatically maintain attitude control during movement of the boom structure.
A further object of the present invention is to provide an excavator linkage and control system having means operative to automatically maintain the attitude of the bucket during movement of either one or both of the boom and stick. v
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided hydraulic excavator linkage especially suitable for front loading buckets having linkage means operative to maintain bucket attitude during crowding movement of the stick. Control means responsive to movement of the boom is provided to maintain the bucket in a preselected attitude during this movement.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The above and other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following specification when read with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of an excavator embodying the linkage and control means of the present invention with the linkage shown in the fully retracted position;
FIG. 2 is a view like FIG. 1 showing the linkage in the fully extended position;
FIG. 3 is a view, taken generally along lines Ill-III of FIG. 2; and,
FIG. 4 is a schematic of a hydraulic control system of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring now to the drawings, and particularly to FIGS. 1 and 2, there is illustrated a bucket actuating linkage generally designated by the numeral 10, operatively supported on a suitable vehicle 12 to form a hydraulic excavator which further comprises an upper frame or platform 14 rotatably mounted on a track undercarriage 16 by suitable bearing means 18.
The bucket actuating linkage comprises a boom 20 having one end pivotally connected to the frame at 22, with a pair of hydraulic hoist or lift jacks 24 operatively connected between the frame and the boom for controlling the pivotal movement of the boom 20 about pivot 22. The jacks are individually disposed on and connected to opposite sides of the boom (FIG. 3). The term hydraulic jack is used herein in the usual sense to refer generally to the well known linear acting hydraulic motor, also commonly known as a hydraulic cylinder.
The bucket linkage includes a stick 26having one end pivotally connected at 28 to the outer end of the boom and movable about pivot 28 by a hydraulic crowd jack 30, pivotally connected to the boom at 32 and to the stick at 34. The crowd jack 30 is disposed below the boom and offset to one side of the center line of the boom (FIG. 3) to provide room for a master cylinder, as discussed later.
A bucket 36 is pivotally mounted at 38 to the lower end of the stick'26 and controlled in its pivotal movement about pivot mount 38 by a pair of spaced hydraulic bucket control jacks 40 pivotally connected to the boom at a pivot 42. The pivot 42 is spaced from the outer end of boom 20, and disposed intermediate pivots 22 and 28. The rods of the bucket control jacks '40 are operatively connected at 44 to a wrist-linkage 4,6, which includes links 48 and 50 pivotally connected respectively to the bucket at 52 and stick at 54.
The bucket jacks and stick form opposite sides of a substantially parallelogram configuration. The wrist linkage 46 forms a third side of the parallelogram, and the portion of the boom between pivots 28 and 42 forms the fourth side. This linkage is not a true parallelogram at all times, since the link defined byljacks 40 va,-,-
ries in length The link 50 may also be longer thanthe distance between pivots 28 and 42, in order to maintain an adequate lever arm on the bucket.
This arrangement, with the bucket control jacks mounted to the boom, gives the crowd cylinder linkage approximately more force capability than the usual stick mounted cylinder arrangements. This will be apparent from a comparison of the force diagram for the two linkage arrangements.
A hydraulic jack 56, hereinafter referred to as a master cylinder, is connected between the frameand the boom at pivots 58 and 60, respectively. The master cylinder is disposed below the boom and offset from the crowd jack 30 (see FIG. 3).
Although the term master cylinder may not be truly accurate, it is believed that the term better distinguishes the function or operation of this element in the system. The master cylinder 56 may be considered to function as a pump with the fluid therein being forced from alternate sides of the piston therein to alternate sides of the pistons of the bucket jacks 40. This action takes place in response to movement of the boom 20 with force transmitted from the boom to the cylinder.
As shown in the schematic of PK]. 4, the rod end of master cylinder 56 communicates with the rod ends of bucket control jacks 40, and the head end communicates. with the head end of the jacks 40. Primary operation of the bucket jacks is controlled by a selector valve 62 which is selectively operable to direct pressurized fluid from a pump 64 to either side ofjacks via lines 66 and 68, and from either side thereof to sump 70. The master cylinder 56 and the jacks 40 must be selected to have the appropriate volume for the desired relative movement.
OPERATION l. The bucket control jacks 40 act substantially as solid links during this phase, and cause the bucket to rotate clockwise about-.pigiotfiSspch that the bucket remains substantially level.
To maintain a level cut, the hoist jacks 24, under operator control, are extended slightly during the initial portion of the cut, and then retracted to lower the boom during the remaining portion of the cut. Since the master cylinder 56 is also retracted when the boom is lowered. the fluid from the head end of the master cylinder is communicated to the head ends of the bucket control jacks, causing themto extend slightly. (The control valve 62 shown on FIG. 4 is in the closed condition shown.) However, the geometry of the substantially parallelogram type linkage formed by the bucket jacks 40, stick 26, wrist linkage 4,6, and the boom portion between pivots 28 and 42 compensates for such extension, to maintain the bucket in the level position. I I y At the end of the crowd stroke, the bucket control jacks are then extendedto ciirl'thebucket counterclockwise about pivot 38 to the carry position shown by solid lines on FIG. 2. The hoist jacks 24 are then extended, pivoting the boom 20 about pivot 22, and raising the bucket to the elevated position shown by broken lin e s'on FIG/2; Raising thejboom .causes the master cylinder to extend, and the fluid from the rod end of the cylinder to be communicated to the rod end of the bucket control jacks 40."l'his causes jacks 40 to retract, pivoting the bucket clockwise about pivot 38, with the result that the attitude of the bucket remains substantially constant relative to the ground as the bucket is raised i The bucket is dumped by retraction of the bucket control jacks, and the bucket, stick and boom are returned to the start dig position to repeat the loading cycle.
Thus. it is readily apparent from the above description that there is disclosed a novel combination of bucket control linkage and control means for an excavator that is operative to maintain a preselected bucket attitude during both crowding andlifting of the bucket. While a single embodiment has been disclosed, itis to be understood that this invention is limited only by the scope of the appended claims.
What is claimed is:
l. A hydraulic excavator, comprising:
a vehicle having a mobile carriage and a rotary platform supported on said carriage;
a boom pivotally supported at one end on said rotary platform for movement about a horizontal axis;
a stick pivotally connected at one end to the outer end of said boom;
a bucket pivotally connected to the other end of said stick; 7 a hydraulic jack pivotally connected at one end to said boom inboard of said stick and at the other end to operate said bucket, said jack and said stick together with said boom and said bucket forming a four bar linkage; means including a master cylinder operatively connected to be operated by said boom, and means operatively communicating pressurized fluid from said master cylinder to said bucket jack in response to pivotal movement of said boom to maintain said bucket in a substantially constant preselected attitude.
2. The excavator of claim 1 wherein the head end of said master cylinder communicates with the head end of said bucket jack; and,
the rod end of said master cylinder communicates with the rod end of said bucket jack.
3. The excavator of claim 2 wherein said bucket opens away from said vehicle.
4. A bucket linkage and-control system for an excavator vehicle having ground engaging translation means. comprising:
a boom for pivotal connection at one end to a vehicle;
a stick of approximately the same length as the boom pivotally connected at one end to the outer end of said boom;
said boom and stick each having a length exceeding the distance of the boom pivotal connection above the ground engaging portion of said translation means;
a bucket pivotally connected to the other end of said stick;
a hydraulic jack for pivotal operation of each of said boom, stick, and bucket, said hydraulic jack for operation of said bucket, together with said stick, forming opposite sides of a four bar linkage and defining substantially a parallelogram when operated for level crowd; means responsive to movement of said boom comprising a master cylinder operatively connected to be operated by movement of said boom: and
means operatively communicating pressurized fluid from said master cylinder to said bucket jack to operate same in response to pivotal movement of said boom to maintain said bucket in a substantially constant preselected attitude.
5. The invention of claim 4 wherein the connection of said bucket operating jack to said boom is spaced inboard from the connection of the stick to the end thereof.
6. The invention of claim 5 wherein said master cylinder and said bucket operating jack are in head to head communication.
7. The invention of claim 6 wherein said bucket opens away from said vehicle.
Claims (7)
1. A hydraulic excavator, comprising: a vehicle having a mobile carriage and a rotary platform supported on said carriage; a boom pivotally supported at one end on said rotary platform for movement about a horizontal axis; a stick pivotally connected at one end to the outer end of said boom; a bucket pivotally connected to the other end of said stick; a hydraulic jack pivotally connected at one end to said boom inboard of said stick and at the other end to operate said bucket, said jack and said stick together with said boom and said bucket forming a four bar linkage; means including a master cylinder operatively connected to be operated by said boom, and means operatively communicating pressurized fluid from said master cylinder to said bucket jack in response to pivotal movement of said boom to maintain said bucket in a substantially constant preselected attitude.
2. The excavator of claim 1 wherein the head end of said master cylinder communicates with the head end of said bucket jack; and, the rod end of said master cylinder communicates with the rod end of said bucket jack.
3. The excavator of claim 2 wherein said bucket opens away from said vehicle.
4. A bucket linkage and control system for an excavator vehicle having ground engaging translation means, comprising: a boom for pivotal connection at one end to a vehicle; a stick of approximately the same length as the boom pivotally connected at one end to the outer end of said boom; said boom and stick each having a length exceeding the distance of the boom pivotal connection above the ground engaging portion of said translation means; a bucket pivotally connected to the other end of said stick; a hydraulic jack for pivotal operation of each of said boom, stick, and bucket, said hydraulic jack for operation of said bucket, together with said stick, forming opposite sides of a four bar linkage and defining substantially a parallelogram when operated for level crowd; means responsive to movement of said boom comprising a master cylinder operatively connected to be operated by movement of said boom; and means operatively communicating pressurized fluid from said master cylinder to said bucket jack to operate same in response to pivotal movement of said boom to maintain said bucket in a substantially constant preselected attitude.
5. The invention of claim 4 wherein the connection of said bucket operating jack to said boom is spaced inboard from the connection of the stick to the end thereof.
6. The invention of claim 5 wherein said master cylinder and said bucket operating jack are in head to head communication.
7. The invention of claim 6 wherein said bucket opens away from said vehicle.
Priority Applications (11)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US283621A US3862697A (en) | 1972-08-24 | 1972-08-24 | Front loading hydraulic excavator |
CA177,295A CA1011687A (en) | 1972-08-24 | 1973-07-25 | Front loading hydraulic excavator |
BE134507A BE803529A (en) | 1972-08-24 | 1973-08-13 | FRONT LOADING HYDRAULIC EXCAVATOR |
BR6368/73A BR7306368D0 (en) | 1972-08-24 | 1973-08-17 | HYDRAULIC EXCAVATOR WITH FRONT LOADING |
FR7330586A FR2197092B1 (en) | 1972-08-24 | 1973-08-23 | |
DE2342942A DE2342942C2 (en) | 1972-08-24 | 1973-08-23 | Hydraulically operated backhoe |
JP48095641A JPS4952404A (en) | 1972-08-24 | 1973-08-24 | |
FR7533231A FR2290540A2 (en) | 1972-08-24 | 1975-10-30 | MECHANICAL SHOVEL WITH HYDRAULIC CONTROLS |
CA275,694A CA1023309A (en) | 1972-08-24 | 1977-04-06 | Front loading hydraulic excavator |
JP58092230A JPS5991236A (en) | 1972-08-24 | 1983-05-23 | Hydraulic excaveter |
JP59215070A JPS60102432A (en) | 1972-08-24 | 1984-10-12 | Hydraulic type excavater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US283621A US3862697A (en) | 1972-08-24 | 1972-08-24 | Front loading hydraulic excavator |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US52220474A Continuation-In-Part | 1972-08-24 | 1974-11-08 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3862697A true US3862697A (en) | 1975-01-28 |
Family
ID=23086873
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US283621A Expired - Lifetime US3862697A (en) | 1972-08-24 | 1972-08-24 | Front loading hydraulic excavator |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3862697A (en) |
JP (3) | JPS4952404A (en) |
BE (1) | BE803529A (en) |
BR (1) | BR7306368D0 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1011687A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2342942C2 (en) |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3952890A (en) * | 1974-03-12 | 1976-04-27 | Hy-Mac Limited | Hydraulically operated shovels |
US4175907A (en) * | 1977-07-07 | 1979-11-27 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Shovel linkage |
FR2454484A1 (en) * | 1979-04-18 | 1980-11-14 | Komatsu Mfg Co Ltd | IMPROVEMENTS TO HYDRAULIC CONTROLS FOR EXCAVATORS |
US4266909A (en) * | 1979-01-29 | 1981-05-12 | Westendorf Manufacturing Co. | Means for hydraulic self-leveling of a loader bucket |
US4354797A (en) * | 1979-05-31 | 1982-10-19 | Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. | Front loading hydraulic excavator |
EP0072539A2 (en) * | 1981-08-18 | 1983-02-23 | Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. | Hydraulic circuit of hydraulic power shovel |
US5419671A (en) * | 1993-03-24 | 1995-05-30 | The Heil Company | Top mounted container handling apparatus |
US6405492B1 (en) * | 1999-08-18 | 2002-06-18 | Delmag Maschinenfabrik | Mobile working apparatus |
EP1245739A1 (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2002-10-02 | Groupe Mecalac | Construction machine |
US6557453B2 (en) * | 2000-03-30 | 2003-05-06 | Timberjack Inc. | Hydraulic boom control |
US20040261301A1 (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2004-12-30 | Vering Andrew L. | High rotation linkage assembly |
US20050036874A1 (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2005-02-17 | J.C. Bamford Excavators Limited | Load handling machine |
US20050241193A1 (en) * | 2004-04-26 | 2005-11-03 | Burgin Bobby G | Self-orienting loader bucket mechanism |
ES2302617A1 (en) * | 2006-05-24 | 2008-07-16 | Cavosa, Obras Y Proyectos S.A. | Shovel machine has cylinder with extendable arm, where extendable arm is positioned in horizontal, vertical, confined and open space |
US7698838B1 (en) * | 2005-11-09 | 2010-04-20 | Strayhorn David W | Hoe equipped excavator having increased range |
KR20110062193A (en) * | 2009-12-03 | 2011-06-10 | 두산인프라코어 주식회사 | Full crowd detent apparatus of wheeloader bucket |
US10676893B1 (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2020-06-09 | Larry Irby Williams | Self-leveling front-end loader having a double boom with a dogleg bend of 105 to 135 degrees including an extension powered by hydraulic cylinders |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BR7505937A (en) * | 1974-11-08 | 1976-08-10 | Caterpillar Tractor Co | HYDRAULIC EXCAVATOR |
DE3020638C2 (en) * | 1979-05-31 | 1984-03-22 | Hitachi Construction Machinery Co. Ltd., Tokyo | Backhoe |
FR2503214A2 (en) * | 1980-05-28 | 1982-10-08 | Poclain Sa | FEEDER-TYPE TERRACEMENT ENGINE |
DE3242223A1 (en) * | 1982-11-15 | 1984-05-17 | Cordes, Hugo, Dipl.-Ing., 2000 Hamburg | Device for mechanical shovels |
DE102010023435A1 (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2011-12-15 | Toni Kiesel | Method for controlling a hydraulically movable arm of a working device and a working device |
EP2810682B1 (en) | 2012-01-30 | 2019-10-16 | Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha | Guide wire |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3028026A (en) * | 1959-11-20 | 1962-04-03 | John A Palmberg | Power loading device |
US3220581A (en) * | 1964-12-14 | 1965-11-30 | Case Co J I | Material handling equipment |
US3487968A (en) * | 1967-12-04 | 1970-01-06 | Case Co J I | Self-leveling hydraulic loader |
US3521781A (en) * | 1968-09-26 | 1970-07-28 | Case Co J I | Anti-rollback mechanism |
US3536216A (en) * | 1968-11-18 | 1970-10-27 | Baldwin Lima Hamilton Corp | Bucket tilt control system for level-crowd type loaders |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1353540A (en) * | 1963-01-14 | 1964-02-28 | Poclain Sa | Improvements to hydraulic excavators applicable in particular to excavators intended for leveling work |
FR1370169A (en) * | 1963-07-12 | 1964-08-21 | Poclain Sa | Improvements to hydraulic excavators, in particular those of the graders type |
-
1972
- 1972-08-24 US US283621A patent/US3862697A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1973
- 1973-07-25 CA CA177,295A patent/CA1011687A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-08-13 BE BE134507A patent/BE803529A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-08-17 BR BR6368/73A patent/BR7306368D0/en unknown
- 1973-08-23 DE DE2342942A patent/DE2342942C2/en not_active Expired
- 1973-08-24 JP JP48095641A patent/JPS4952404A/ja active Pending
-
1983
- 1983-05-23 JP JP58092230A patent/JPS5991236A/en active Pending
-
1984
- 1984-10-12 JP JP59215070A patent/JPS60102432A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3028026A (en) * | 1959-11-20 | 1962-04-03 | John A Palmberg | Power loading device |
US3220581A (en) * | 1964-12-14 | 1965-11-30 | Case Co J I | Material handling equipment |
US3487968A (en) * | 1967-12-04 | 1970-01-06 | Case Co J I | Self-leveling hydraulic loader |
US3521781A (en) * | 1968-09-26 | 1970-07-28 | Case Co J I | Anti-rollback mechanism |
US3536216A (en) * | 1968-11-18 | 1970-10-27 | Baldwin Lima Hamilton Corp | Bucket tilt control system for level-crowd type loaders |
Cited By (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3952890A (en) * | 1974-03-12 | 1976-04-27 | Hy-Mac Limited | Hydraulically operated shovels |
US4175907A (en) * | 1977-07-07 | 1979-11-27 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Shovel linkage |
US4266909A (en) * | 1979-01-29 | 1981-05-12 | Westendorf Manufacturing Co. | Means for hydraulic self-leveling of a loader bucket |
FR2454484A1 (en) * | 1979-04-18 | 1980-11-14 | Komatsu Mfg Co Ltd | IMPROVEMENTS TO HYDRAULIC CONTROLS FOR EXCAVATORS |
US4301607A (en) * | 1979-04-18 | 1981-11-24 | Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho | Hydraulic excavator |
US4354797A (en) * | 1979-05-31 | 1982-10-19 | Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. | Front loading hydraulic excavator |
EP0072539A2 (en) * | 1981-08-18 | 1983-02-23 | Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. | Hydraulic circuit of hydraulic power shovel |
EP0072539A3 (en) * | 1981-08-18 | 1983-09-28 | Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. | Hydraulic circuit of hydraulic power shovel |
US5419671A (en) * | 1993-03-24 | 1995-05-30 | The Heil Company | Top mounted container handling apparatus |
US6405492B1 (en) * | 1999-08-18 | 2002-06-18 | Delmag Maschinenfabrik | Mobile working apparatus |
US6557453B2 (en) * | 2000-03-30 | 2003-05-06 | Timberjack Inc. | Hydraulic boom control |
EP1245739A1 (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2002-10-02 | Groupe Mecalac | Construction machine |
FR2822860A1 (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2002-10-04 | Groupe Mecalac | PUBLIC WORKS ENGINE |
US20040261301A1 (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2004-12-30 | Vering Andrew L. | High rotation linkage assembly |
US20050036874A1 (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2005-02-17 | J.C. Bamford Excavators Limited | Load handling machine |
US7044705B2 (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2006-05-16 | J.C. Bamford Excavators Limited | Load handling machine |
US20050241193A1 (en) * | 2004-04-26 | 2005-11-03 | Burgin Bobby G | Self-orienting loader bucket mechanism |
US7059422B2 (en) * | 2004-04-26 | 2006-06-13 | Bobby Gene Burgin | Self-orienting loader bucket mechanism |
US7698838B1 (en) * | 2005-11-09 | 2010-04-20 | Strayhorn David W | Hoe equipped excavator having increased range |
ES2302617A1 (en) * | 2006-05-24 | 2008-07-16 | Cavosa, Obras Y Proyectos S.A. | Shovel machine has cylinder with extendable arm, where extendable arm is positioned in horizontal, vertical, confined and open space |
KR20110062193A (en) * | 2009-12-03 | 2011-06-10 | 두산인프라코어 주식회사 | Full crowd detent apparatus of wheeloader bucket |
KR101601978B1 (en) | 2009-12-03 | 2016-03-09 | 두산인프라코어 주식회사 | Full crowd detent apparatus of wheeloader bucket |
US10676893B1 (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2020-06-09 | Larry Irby Williams | Self-leveling front-end loader having a double boom with a dogleg bend of 105 to 135 degrees including an extension powered by hydraulic cylinders |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS4952404A (en) | 1974-05-21 |
DE2342942A1 (en) | 1974-03-07 |
DE2342942C2 (en) | 1982-05-06 |
CA1011687A (en) | 1977-06-07 |
JPS5991236A (en) | 1984-05-25 |
BE803529A (en) | 1973-12-03 |
JPS60102432A (en) | 1985-06-06 |
BR7306368D0 (en) | 1974-07-25 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: CATERPILLAR INC., 100 N.E. ADAMS STREET, PEORIA, I Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:CATERPILLAR TRACTOR CO., A CORP. OF CALIF.;REEL/FRAME:004669/0905 Effective date: 19860515 Owner name: CATERPILLAR INC., A CORP. OF DE.,ILLINOIS Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CATERPILLAR TRACTOR CO., A CORP. OF CALIF.;REEL/FRAME:004669/0905 Effective date: 19860515 |