US1611195A

US1611195A - Excavator

Info

Publication number: US1611195A
Application number: US61538A
Authority: US
Inventors: Anton F Jelen
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1925-10-09
Filing date: 1925-10-09
Publication date: 1926-12-21
Anticipated expiration: 1943-12-21

Description

Dec, 21,1926.

A. F. JE I EN EXCAVATOR 3 Shee ts-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 9, 1925 Elma/valet LET/alert Patented Dec. 21, 1926..

'An'ron 1?. summer rumors.

nxcava ron' i ,Applicatlon filed October a, 1921;. Serial no. cases.

This invention relates to excavators of that type intended more particularly for use in digging ditches or trenches and in which the digging operation is performed by draw- 6 ing the shovel or bucket toward the source of power, The object of the invention'isto provide an excavating apparatus of few parts which will be eflicient in operation and in. which the bucket may be automatically I dumped and the load delivered at the point desired. One embodiment oflthe invention is illustrated in the accompanying-drawings and will be'hereinafter fully described, the

a. proper form, as shown at 8, whereby they will fit between the flanges of the side members of theframe 2 and are rigidly secured thereto by rivets or otherwise, The side 80 members of the frame 2 are channel bars 2 of proper dimensions and are properly connected by brace members 9, as shown most clearly in Fig. 3. Carried by and between the lower ends of the frame slde members is a rod on which is mounteda pulley 11 which constitutes a guide forthe drag line 12 as'will hereinafter more fully appear.

.The lower forward corners or angles'of the novel features being particularly pointed out in the appended claims' a In the drawings: Figure 1 is a side embodying my improvements; I Figure 2 is a section onthe line 2-2 of Fig};

lgure 3 Fig.1; 1 v

Figure 4 is an enlarged sectional elevation more particularly showing the mounting of the bucket;

Figure 5 is a section on. the line. 5-5 of Fig. 4; v.

Figure 6 is a section on the line 66 of Fig.4;and-

Figure 7 is a-detail section. The excavator embodying my invention includes a main boom 1 and a supporting frame 2 which are mounted upon the end of a traveling turntable 3 which forms a part of 35 the engine structure, the engine being driven I by steam and housed within a shed 4 which also encloses the boiler and other parts directly connected with the engine. As is usu is a section on the line 3-301? elevation of an excavator connecting plates -6 carry a rod 13 upon 70 which the main boom 1 is pivotally mounted, the boom being equipped at its lower end with brackets 14 which encircle the red, as

-will be understood. Reinforcing plates or .in this type of machines, the operator re *mains within the shed 4 and controls the working parts by manipulation of levers and .drums located within the shed and suitably geared to the engine. The shed is generally mounted upon a tread mechanism 5 of the chain type whereby it may be easily caused to travel over roads or streets under its own power without injury to the-surface over.

which it moves. boom 1 are connected with the turntable through intermediate connecting plates 6 which, as shown most clearly in Fig. 1, are of.

a general triangular form'andveachhas one The frame 2 andthe main corner mounted upon a cross rod 7 which carried in the projecting ends of the arms of theturntable3. The up'er cornersjfor ;the necessary "bars converge somewhat angles of these connecting p ates are. given ment of the rod 19, and th1s pulley-form's agui support-for the hoisting 22, as 1 brackets 15 may be provided at the inner sides of the connecting plates .and of the frame 2 so as to reinforce the lower end of the upright frame and also lend additional support to the rod 10. The pivot rods 7 and 13 are each formed with recesses or notches, as indicated at 16, '(Fig. 7) and locking plates 17 are secured upon the outer sides of the connecting plates 'to fit within said. notches and thereby prevent rotation of the respective rods and also hold them against endwise movement. so; that wear upon the parts is minimized and accidental detachthe connected elementsis avoided, minimizing danger to the workmen. ';The frame 2 is inclined slightly upwardly and forwardly, as shown in Fig.1, and the upper end of the frame is connected with.- the roof ofthe shed 4 by supporting bars 181 having their-inner ends firmly-secured to the a roof of the shed and their outer ends fitted between the upper extremities of the side bars of the frame, a rod 19 being inserted through the ends of the frame. andof the said holding bars 18,. as will be understood. The 'rod 19 is heldl'against' rotation and against endwise movement 'byi -lock plates 20,corresponding in all respects to thejlock lates '17. Between the ends of the securing iiars or arms 18, a ullev '21, is mounted u on g willhereinafter more fully appear.

The main boom 1 consists of a" pair of channel bars of proper dimensions to possess strength, and these' channel toward their outer ends, as' l- QW in Fig. T n the outer ends- J ner. The top boom 24 passes between the outer extremities of the members of the main boom and also consists of a pair of channel bars, as shown most clearly at .25 in Fig.2. The channel bars 25 areconnected by braces 26 provided in such number andnt such points as may be deemed most desirable, and

the side members cf the main boom are like.

wise connected by plates 27 and braces 28 so that a very strong-rigid structure is provided. A hearing block 29 is provided on the inner or rear side'of each channel bar 25 and isfirmly secured to the said channel bar by a U bolt 30 passing around the bearing block and through the flange webs of the bar, and secured by nuts bearingagainst the outer or front face of the adjacent bracing {3121113826, as shown most clearly in Fig. 4.

e bearing blocks 29 encircle the rod 23 so i that the top boom may have pivotal movea 33 is rotatably mounted,

-- ment with respect to the main boom. In

the upper end ofthe top boom is mounted a. rod 31 which is'secured against rotation and endwise movement in the same manner as the rods 7, 13, 19 and 23,-and upon this rod 31 is mounted a pulley 32 about which the hoisting line 22 is trained. The hoisting line is also trained around a small idler or guide pulley 33 mounted on the front side of the ame 2, near thereof, by means of brackets 34 which are secured rigidly upon the frame and have forwardly projecting ears or lugs at their inner ends 1n and between which the pulley this arrangement utilizing the lugs or ears as guards to prevent the hoisting line or cable jumping from the pulley. For a like purpose, guard plates 35 are mounted upon the rod 31' at thesides of the" pulley 32 and similar plates may be provided at the sides of the pulley 21. The

' oisting line extends outwardly or forwardpulley 33a'nd -has its end se-- ly from the curedfirmly to the mainboom while the opposite end of the line, passing downwardly from the guide pulley 21 within the shed 4, is secured to and wound upon one of the en- 'gine-driven drums.

. 'ing outwardly parallel Secured to' the outer end of the top boom is a bracket 36 which is shown mostlclearly in Fig. 5. This bracket has an intermediate portion extending laterally from the end of the boom and has one end portion 37 project with the boom while its opposite end portion 38 titsagainst the inner side of the side bar of the boom and is riveted thereto. In Figs. 4 and 5, I have indicated the bracket as having a central portion-39 bridging theinterior of the top boom,

but it will be understood that this central portion may be omitted and a pair of .whic

but below the upper ended'at the inner sides of the ends of. t

brackets each consisting of the

portions

36, 37 and 38 maybe employed. Carried by the terminals 37 of the bracket is a rod, 40 upon which the bucket is pivotally mounted. As shown most clearly of the bucket comprises a bottom plate 41,

'side 1plates or walls 42, and a backwall 43 of the bucket being slightly greater at its open front side than at its closed back, as will be understood ally decreasing from the open side to the back wall 43. This form has been found highly desirable inasmuch as the load taken.

mouth portion of the bucket comprises a.

band 44 which is shaped to conform to the open side of the bucket and is firmly riveted to the same against the outer face thereof. This diggin member has its central edge portion pro ected somewhat relative to its side portlons, as shown at 45 in Fig. 4, and to the said edge portions of the digging member are secured excavator teeth 46 which may be of any'approved form. Y excavating teeth are also secured to the sides of the digging member so as to engage the sides of the ditch and provide clearance for the bucket whereby the withdrawal of the bucket from the ditch will be facilitated. Triangular reinforcing plates 48 are rovid- 1e digging member44 and have their inner edges overlapping andrigidly secured to the of the side walls 42 of the main bucket body. Filler plates 49 are inserted between the bracing plates 48 and the sides of'the digging member, and the bracing lates and the filler plates are firmly united, y riveting or otherwise, with the side portions of the diggging member. ofthe digging member and the bracing plates 48 are each provided with projecting corners 50 extending beyond the adjacent edges of the filler plates. 49. and between. these projecting corners of the digging member and the reinforcing plates are received the ends of a draft bail 51 which is pivotally connected to the bucket by pins or rivets 52 inserted through its ends and through the said bracing reinforcingplatesand the digas shown clearly in Figs. 4-

in Fig. 6,-the main body may be integrally formed, theheight upon reference to Fig. 1, and the width of the bucket likewise gradu- The end portions of the sides Scraping or edges tween the ends of the same, the drag line passing over the said pulley 53 and under the pulley 11 and thence to a drum. within;

the shed 4 upon which it V is wound and which 1s dr ven by. the engine."

inner end,is equipped with a pair ofrollers 56 which run upon a track 57 carried by the said top boom and consisting of a shallow U-shaped bar or plate or pair of such bars or plates having their ends secured to the bracing plates 26 and their intermediate portion housed within the boom, as shown in Fig. 4. The rollers 56 are mounted upon a pin or rod 58 which is carried by a bearing block 59 secured to a coupling plate 60 which is riveted upon the bar 65 and extends beyond the end ofthe same to'play within the top boom. To the extremity of this coupling plate 60 one end oi" a chain 61 is attached and the opposite endof the chain is secured in any convenient manner to a I bracing plate 27 upon. the main boom, or

otherwise anchored upon a the boom. The bar 65 is T-shaped in cross section through the greater portion of its length, the stem of the T- fitting between the bars with the head overlying the latter. The head of the T terminates short of the outer end of the stem thereof, as will be understood upon reference to Fig. {1, and the extremity of the stemis extended laterally from between the bars 55, as at 66. To the butturned extremity 66 is secured a cable 67 which extends over a guide roller 68 on the top boom, below the pulley 32, and thence to and over a guide roller 69 on the frame 2, .the end of the-cable being attached to a hand lever, as 70, within the shed 4. Normally', the cable 67 is slack and the overlying relation of the bar 65 to the bars 55 prevents relative movement of these members about the pivot71"'so that they consti tute a ri id lever.

It is t ought the operation of the machine will be rea 11y understood from the fore-. golng description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings. Ifthe hoisting line he played out while tension be maintained upon the drag line, the boom 1. will swing downwardly with the top boom and the bucket in the osition shown in full lines in Fig.1.. A er the bucket'reaches the bottom of the ditch or the pointwhe're further digging isto be done, the hoisting line is permitted to slacken, while. a pull is exerted alpon the drag line. -The bucket will thus be drawn toward the engine and will take up a portion of the surface over which it moves so that it will be quickly filled. When it is filled, the pullupon the ted lines in Fig. 4. The drag line is thensIackened and pull is continued uponthe hoisting line, the resultbeing that the top boom is caused to move pivotally about the end of the main boom to the position shown in-full lines in Fig. 4, the slack in the chain 61 being thereby'removed-and the end of the dumping bar or arm 55 being caused to move toward the pivot ofthe topboom so that it will exert a )ull upon the back of the bucket and invert tli V in Fig. 4. The load taken up by the bucket will thus be dumped automatically.- The automatic'dumping of the lead is advane same, as shown'in full lines tageous'when the excavated material is to be'deposited at the side of the ditch, as it' permits the machine to be operated at very high speed. When the rrpterial is to be hauled away, the cablet67'is brought into use in order to dump the load directly into a vehicle. Instead of slackening the drag line 12 as the bucket rises, tension is maintained thereon or even increased so that swinging of the top boom is prevented. When the bucket is at the proper height and has been brought 'into position over the vehicle by lateral movement of the main .boom, a pull is exerted upon the cable 67 whereby the bar will be swung upward-.

ly about the rod 58 as a center. As a result,

It' will be understood that-the entire ap-- paratus is moved in a horizontal plane so "that the bucket will be carried to a point at the side of the ditch before 'dumpingits load, and that a reverse movement is imparted to the entire apparatus to bring-the bucket into position over the ditch in order to take up a second load. In the operation of the excavatingand dumping apparatus, however, the operator is required to manipulate only [two lines and experience has shown that the apparatus can be operated at a very much higher. speed than is possible with any previous apparatus known tome and will at; all

times ope-rate inra-highly-eflicient manner.

Vhen the bucket is in digging position,

about two-thirds of the entire weight of the apparatus is carried by the bucketso that it will be held firmly toits work and will readily penetrate and take up the material to be removed. Infactual practice, the'buck'et has been drawn easily through rocky formations and has actuallydug through solid-strata of sand stone. 'Theautomatic dumpingof thebucket does not require the operator to rewhich are employed to lower the bucket 'into =the main boom.

a ditch,-drag it along the ditch and remove it from the ditch. I

Having thus described the invention, I claim: c

1. An excavating apparatus comprising a main boom mountedfor raising and lowering movement,a top boom pivotally mounted at the free end or" the mean boom, a bucket pivotally mounted at the lower end of the 'top boom, operating cables attached to the main boom and the bucket respectively and trained about the top boom, a dumping arm pivotally connected with the bucket at one end and engaged at its opposite end with the top boom to travel longitudinally thereof, and a connection between the main boom and the last-mentioned end of the dumping arm.

2. An excavating apparatus comprising a main boom mounted-for raising and lowering movement, a to boom pivotally mounted at the free en' of themain boom,'a

bucket pivotally mounted at the lower end of the top boom, operating cables attached to the main boom and to the bucket respectively and trained about the to boom, a dumping arm pivotally connected with the bucket at one end and having its opposite 'end arranged to travel along the top boom,

and'a-flexible connection between the said dumping arm and the main boom.

,3. In an excavating apparatus, the combination of a main boom mounted for raising and lowering movement, a top boom pivotally mounted at the free end of themain boom, a U-shaped track within the top boom extendin longitudinally of the same, a bucket pivotally mounted upon the lower end of the top boommt dumpin arm pivoted at one 'end to the bucket and having its opposite end arranged to travel along the track in the to boom, and a flexible connection between t e said end of the dumping bar and 4. In' an excavating apparatus, the combination of a main boom mounted for raising andlowering movement, a top boom pivotally mounted. at the free end of the main. boom, a relatively depressed track within the top boom below the pivot of the same, a bucket pivoted to the 'lower end of the top boom, a dumping. bar pivoted at one end'to the bucket and having its opposite end disposed within the top boom, rollers carried by the said end of the dumping bar to-travel on the said track. and, limited in their movement by the ends of the track, a

' chain attached atone-end to the last-menline connected effect dumpingofthe bucket when the top boom is moved pivotally.

5. In an excavating apparatus, the combination of amain booin, a to to the free end of the main hoom, brackets secured to the lower end of the top boom, a bucket comprising a body and a digging member arranged at the open side of the boom pivoted body, reinforcing plates secured to the inner faces of the body and the said digging memher, the digging member and the reinforcing plates having projections'on their free edges, pivotal'connections between the upper .ends of the reinforcing plates and the brackets onthe top boom, a bail having its ends pivoted to and between the projectlons on the reinforcing plates and the diggingmember of the bucket, a drag line attached to said ball, a hoisting line attached to the main boom and operatlvely engaged with the. upper end of the top boom, and'means cooperating with the bucket and the top boom to dump the bucket upon manipulation of the hoisting line and the drag line.

6. .An excavating apparatus comprising a main boom, means for' raising and lower ng said boom, a top boom pivotally mounted on the main boom, a bucket pivotally mounted at the lower end of. the top boom, a drag end connected ,with the boom, the, second member having its outer portion normally overlying the first member, and an operating cable connected to the outer end of the second member.

7.'An excavating apparatus comprising a main boom, means for raising and lowering said boom, a top boom pivotally mounted on the main boom, a bucket pivotally mounted at the lower end of the top boom, 0 'erating cables connected to the bucket and boom respectively, a foldable dumping arm extending between the bucket and the top boom, means for normally holding the dumping arm on a straight line between the bucket and the top boom, means for efiecting travel of .the dumping arm along the top boom,'and an operating cable connected to the outer end of the dum ing arm. In testimony whereof I a x my signature;

t emain