US3288117A - Arrangement of tube circuits in supercritical forced through-flow vapor generator - Google Patents

Arrangement of tube circuits in supercritical forced through-flow vapor generator Download PDF

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Publication number
US3288117A
US3288117A US510924A US51092465A US3288117A US 3288117 A US3288117 A US 3288117A US 510924 A US510924 A US 510924A US 51092465 A US51092465 A US 51092465A US 3288117 A US3288117 A US 3288117A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tubes
gas pass
furnace
wall
rear wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US510924A
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English (en)
Inventor
Willburt W Schroedter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Combustion Engineering Inc
Original Assignee
Combustion Engineering Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL132447D priority Critical patent/NL132447C/xx
Application filed by Combustion Engineering Inc filed Critical Combustion Engineering Inc
Priority to US510924A priority patent/US3288117A/en
Priority to GB49644/66A priority patent/GB1129443A/en
Priority to ES0333126A priority patent/ES333126A1/es
Priority to BE689682D priority patent/BE689682A/xx
Priority to SE15836/66A priority patent/SE300112B/xx
Priority to DE19661551005 priority patent/DE1551005C/de
Priority to NL6616646A priority patent/NL6616646A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3288117A publication Critical patent/US3288117A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/14—Supply mains, e.g. rising mains, down-comers, in connection with water tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B29/00—Steam boilers of forced-flow type
    • F22B29/06—Steam boilers of forced-flow type of once-through type, i.e. built-up from tubes receiving water at one end and delivering superheated steam at the other end of the tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B29/00—Steam boilers of forced-flow type
    • F22B29/06—Steam boilers of forced-flow type of once-through type, i.e. built-up from tubes receiving water at one end and delivering superheated steam at the other end of the tubes
    • F22B29/061—Construction of tube walls
    • F22B29/062—Construction of tube walls involving vertically-disposed water tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B29/00—Steam boilers of forced-flow type
    • F22B29/06—Steam boilers of forced-flow type of once-through type, i.e. built-up from tubes receiving water at one end and delivering superheated steam at the other end of the tubes
    • F22B29/067—Steam boilers of forced-flow type of once-through type, i.e. built-up from tubes receiving water at one end and delivering superheated steam at the other end of the tubes operating at critical or supercritical pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/62—Component parts or details of steam boilers specially adapted for steam boilers of forced-flow type
    • F22B37/64—Mounting of, or supporting arrangements for, tube units
    • F22B37/66—Mounting of, or supporting arrangements for, tube units involving vertically-disposed water tubes

Definitions

  • the invention relates in general to forced through flow vapor generators and is more specifically directed to an arrangement of the tube circuits of a vapor generator in which steam of high temperature is produced at supercritical pressure, and in which these tube circuits form tubular heat absorbing surfaces which line the Walls of the furnace chamber and of the gas passages associated therewith.
  • the working fluid ows from an inlet point to an outlet point through a number of parallel through flow heat absorbing circuits.
  • a desired predetermined flow be maintained in each circuit while the pressure drop through all the parallel circuits is the same. This has heretofore been accomplished by adding a resistance in the form of orifices to those circuits which would have a lower pressure drop for a desired flow. Adding orifices to the ilow circuits for balancing purpose, however, is uneconomical inasmuch as it undesirably increases the power requirements of the feed pump.
  • the present invention reduces the over-all pressure drop through the circuits by means of an arrangement in which the heating surface location, heat absorption rate and uid velocity in each circuit is novelly coordinated with those of the remaining circuits so as to achieve a balance which makes the addition of resistances in the most active circuit superfluous. Substantial savings in feed pump power and a more uniform heat absorption with elimination of hot spots are thereby obtained.
  • each parallel stream of fluid passing through a tube may absorb a different amount of heat and, therefore, acquire a different temperature and volume than those of other parallel iiuid streams. It is therefore extremely important that the fluid flowing through the individual parallel tubes be mixed at given intermediate locations in the ow circuit to assure a nearly uniform ow and temperature in al1 tubes. This has heretofore been accomplished by providing mixing headers at locations intermediate the height of the furnace wall. However, placing headers in these intermediate locations in the furnace walls seriously complicates the construction of a gas-tight wall structure and prevents a smooth, even wall surface devoid of refractory surface to which slag may cling.
  • the invention overcomes this difficulty by placing mixing headers between entire walls such as, for example, between the front wall and the roof, or between the rear wall of the furnace and the rear wall of the rear gas pass.
  • the inventive design permits the use of a fusion welded type wall throughout the rear wall nose arch and the horizontal or lateral gas pass bottom.
  • This type of wall is disclosed in U.S. Patent 2,719,210, issued to E. C. Chapman on September 27, 1955; and in U.S. Patent 2,987,052, issued to W. H. Armacost on June 6, 1961.
  • the use of this fusion welded tube wall makes possible the employment of modern shop practices such as gang bending and gang welding as disclosed in U.S. Patent 2,946,116, issued to W. C. Norris et al. on July 26, 1960; and in U.S. Patent 3,168,129, issued to S. P. Henry on February 2, 1965.
  • Such modern shop practices can now be employed in accordance with the invention in the fabrication of the entire tube structure comprising the rear wall, nose arch and gas -pass bottom, in the shop rather than in the field. Costly field welding is thereby largely eliminated or greatly reduced.
  • hanger tubes which are independent of the rear wall tubes.
  • These hanger tubes penetrate the fusion welded wall of the horizontal gas pass floor only at wide spacings and contrary to present practice can be selected in the proper number and size for the required load.
  • these hanger tubes egress from a mixing header and are independent of the fluid flow in the rear wall tubes in contrast to earlier designs. The flow through these hanger tubes therefore is generally uniform regardless -of possible non-uniformity of flow in the rear wall tubes.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic elevational section through p a supercritical forced through ow steam generator showing the novel arrangement of tube circuits herein disclosed;
  • FIG. 2 represents a diagrammatic plan view throu-gh the upper portion of the furnace chamber, the horizontal gas pass and the rear gas pass, when taken at line 2-2 of FIG. l; f
  • FIG. 3 is a line diagram depicting in simplified form the herein disclosed novel flow arrangement of the tube circuits lining the walls of the furnace and the associated gas passes;
  • FIG. 4 is a typical cross section through a fusion welded tubular wall section, as employed in the construction of the walls of the furnace and associated gas passages;
  • FIG. 5 is .a detail showing how the Hoor tubes of the horizontal gas pass are offset to provide room for passage ofthe hanger tubes.
  • the illustrative and preferred embodiment of the inven- 'tion depicted therein includes a steam generator designated generally as and comprising a ffurnace chamber 11 having a front wall 12 lined with tubes 13, a rear wall 14 lined with tubes 16, ⁇ anti two opposing side walls 17 lined with tubes 18.
  • Air and fuel for burning are introduced into the furnace by Way of burners 20, with the combustion gases leavin-g the furnace 11 by way of a horizontal gas pass 22 extending laterally from the upper region of furnace 11.
  • the side walls 23 of the lateral gas pass 22 effectively form extensions of the furnace side walls 17 and are lined with tubes 24.
  • a downward or rear gas pass 26 Adjoining the horizontal gas pass 22 a downward or rear gas pass 26 is provided having side walls 27 which effectively form extensions of the horizontal gas pass side walls 23 and are lined with tubes 28.
  • the rear wall 29 of the rear pass 26 is lined with tubes 30.
  • Various heat absorbing surfaces such as, for example, superheater sections 32 and reheater sections 33 and economizer S9 are arranged in the path of combustion gases leading from the burners to the gas outlet 34.
  • the upper portion ⁇ of rear wall 14 is provided with a nose or arch 31 and is extended to form the floor or bottom 36 of lateral or horizontal -gas pass 22.
  • the tubes 35 lining the nose arch 31 and the tubes 37 lining the bottom 36 are extensions of rear wall tube 16, retaining the size as well as the spacing orf these tubes, and terminate in header 39.
  • Furnace 11, lateral gas pass 22 and downward gas pass 26 have a common roof which is formed by tubes 42. These tubes are effective extensions of tubes 13 lining the furnace front wall 12, and terminate in header 44.
  • a first group of hanger tubes 46 is provided from which rear wall tubes 16 are suspended by means of steel rods 47 which are attached to header 48.
  • Hanger tubes 46 pass through spaces provided between the floor tubes 37 vby offsetting these tubes as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the upper portion 50 of the tubes lining the front wall of the rear pass 26 likewise traverse the horizontal gas pass 22. From this second group of han-ger tubes 5) portions of the rear gas pass structure are suspended from overhead supports indicated at S2. While the lower portion 53 of these tubes comprise-s tubes that are closely spaced, the upper portion 50 comprises widely spaced tubes so as to allow for ready passage of the combustion gases. To achieve the wide spacing the tubes may be bifurcate-d, 4or offset in well-known manner similar to that illustrated in FIG. 5.
  • the present invention in addition to other advantages makes use of the fusion welded wall surface not only in the furnace chamber walls but also in the bottom 36 of the lateral gas pass 22. Heretofore this surface could not be made of continuous fusion welded wall panels because some of the rear wall tubes had to be utilized as hanger tubes in place of hanger tubes 46, and others in place of hanger tubes 50.
  • the present invention separates hanger tubes 46 and 5t) entirely from the rear wall tubes in the manner earlier herein set forth. This permits a free choice of the size and of the spacing of the hanger tubes to accommodate the load requirements and at the same time to permit fusion welded wall construction for the bottom surface 36 of horizontal pass 22. Substantial savings in fabrication costs and in high temperature tubular material, as well as a gain in the heat absorbing efciency of the bottom tubes 37 are thereby achieved. Furthermore, the temperature of the gases passing through the tubular screens formed by hanger tubes 46 and 50 in accordance with the invention has been increased to such a degree that the high temperature heating surface of superheater sections 32 and 33 can be decreased by a significant amount.
  • the through flow is subdivided into parallel branches or circuits, with each circuit comprising a selected portion of the tubular wall surface of the furnace and of the associated gas passages.
  • These parallel branches have their beginning at the inlet header 54 leading to the furnace waterwalls 13, 16 and 18. They terminate at the outlet header 44 where the working Huid from all circuits is collected and from whence the through flow working fluid is conducted to superheater sections 32 by means not shown.
  • the feedwater entering economizer inlet hea-der 58 passes through economizer tubes 59 to the economizer outlet header 60 from whence it llows to mixing vessel 62.
  • This vessel also receives heated recirculating working Huid from the above-mentioned outlet header 44.
  • the recirculated huid mixes with the through flow quantity received from the economizer 59, with the mixture passing to water wall inlet header 54 by way of conduit 63 and pump 64.
  • the fiow of the working fluid is divided into four parallel streams.
  • One stream enters the front wall tubes 13, a second stream the rear wall tube 16, and the third and fourth streams enter the two groups of side wall tubes 18.
  • Each of the furnace wall circuit-s comprises a plurality of parallel vertical tubes with the flow passing therethrough in a direction from bottom to top. Mixing headers to secure uniform fiow and temperature in the various tubes are provided in each circuit at locations which do not interfere with the smooth, uniform and uninterrupted surface generally presented by the closely spaced tubes of fusion welded water Wall panels.
  • the front wall circuit originating in header 54 comprises the front wall tubes 13, a pair of mixing headers 65 and 66 provided at the top end of the front wall, the roof tubes 42 which continuously extend throughout the roof of the furnace chamber 11, -horizontal gas pass 22 and downward gas pass 26, and finally terminate in outlet header 44.
  • the two side wall circuits are identical, each including side wall tubes 18, lside wall upper header 68, side wall links 69 leading to the lower side wall header 70 of the horizontal gas pass 22, extension side wall tubes 24, upper side wall header 72, and a connection to the outlet header 44.
  • Another link 73 leads from upper furnace side wall header 68 to the lower side wall header 74 of the rear pass 26, with the working fluid passing through the side wall tubes 28 of the gas pass, the upper side wall header 75 and through connecting means to outlet header 44.
  • Each of the side wall circuits includes a pair of mixing headers, i.e., 68, 70 and 68, 74.
  • the rear wall circuit comprises furnace rear wall tube 16, tubes 35 of nose arch 31, the tubes 37 of the bottom 36 of the lateral gas pass 22, and header 39.
  • the remaining rear wall circuit is thereafter divided into three portions.
  • One portion fiows from header 39 to header 48 lfeeding the first set of hanger tubes 46 which terminate in upper header 76, which, in t-urn, is connected with outlet header 44.
  • the second portion of the rear wall circuit flows from header 39 to header 78 feeding the front wall tubes 53 of the rear gas pass 26 and the second hanger tubes Sil which are extensions of tubes 53.
  • These tubes terminate in upper header 70 which, in turn, is connected with outlet header 44.
  • the third portion of the rear wall circuit also flows from header 39 to header 78, and thence by way of link 80 to header 82 from which tube 30 lining the rear wall 29 of rear pass 26 originate. Tubes 30 also terminate in outlet header 44.
  • the different branches of the rear wall circuit also include pairs of mixing headers as do the front and side wall circuits.
  • a forced through iiow supercritical vapor generator having a through fiow circuit; an upright furnace With opposed front, rear and side walls; a gas pass extending laterally from the upper region of the furnace, said gas pass having side walls, roof and floor effectively lforming extensions of the furnace side Wall, furnace roof and furnace rear wall, respectively; a gas pass extending downwardly from the lateral gas pass, and having a front wall and a rear wall, and side walls effectively forming extensions with the lateral gas pass sidewalls; vertically extending tubes lining the vertical walls of the furnace, of the lateral gas pass and of the downward gas pass; laterally extending tubes lining the roof of the furnace, the roof of the lateral gas pass the roof of the downward gas pass and the bottom of the lateral gas pass; vertically extending first hanger tubes passing through said lateral gas pass in the plane of said rear wall tubes for suspending the rear wall tubes therefrom; vertically extending second hanger tubes passing through said lateral gas pass in the plane of the #front wall of said downward lgas pass for suspending the

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
US510924A 1965-12-01 1965-12-01 Arrangement of tube circuits in supercritical forced through-flow vapor generator Expired - Lifetime US3288117A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL132447D NL132447C (ko) 1965-12-01
US510924A US3288117A (en) 1965-12-01 1965-12-01 Arrangement of tube circuits in supercritical forced through-flow vapor generator
GB49644/66A GB1129443A (en) 1965-12-01 1966-11-04 Forced flow vapor generator
ES0333126A ES333126A1 (es) 1965-12-01 1966-11-07 Un generador de vapor supercritico de circulacion pasante forzada.
BE689682D BE689682A (ko) 1965-12-01 1966-11-14
SE15836/66A SE300112B (ko) 1965-12-01 1966-11-18
DE19661551005 DE1551005C (de) 1965-12-01 1966-11-18 Überkritischer Zwanglaufdampfer ?euger
NL6616646A NL6616646A (ko) 1965-12-01 1966-11-25

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US510924A US3288117A (en) 1965-12-01 1965-12-01 Arrangement of tube circuits in supercritical forced through-flow vapor generator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3288117A true US3288117A (en) 1966-11-29

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US510924A Expired - Lifetime US3288117A (en) 1965-12-01 1965-12-01 Arrangement of tube circuits in supercritical forced through-flow vapor generator

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3288117A (ko)
BE (1) BE689682A (ko)
ES (1) ES333126A1 (ko)
GB (1) GB1129443A (ko)
NL (2) NL6616646A (ko)
SE (1) SE300112B (ko)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6651596B1 (en) 1997-05-09 2003-11-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Continous flow steam generator having a double-flue construction
WO2010028978A2 (de) * 2008-09-09 2010-03-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Durchlaufdampferzeuger
US20110079217A1 (en) * 2009-02-12 2011-04-07 Babcock Power Services, Inc. Piping, header, and tubing arrangements for solar boilers
US20110162592A1 (en) * 2008-09-09 2011-07-07 Martin Effert Continuous steam generator
US20110214622A1 (en) * 2008-11-10 2011-09-08 Martin Effert Continuous steam generator
WO2017088742A1 (zh) * 2015-11-25 2017-06-01 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 一种低负荷下高流动稳定性的超临界循环流化床锅炉水冷壁及实现低质量流速的方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4442800A (en) * 1982-05-03 1984-04-17 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Single drum all-welded boiler

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3125995A (en) * 1964-03-24 forced flow vapor generating unit

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3125995A (en) * 1964-03-24 forced flow vapor generating unit

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6651596B1 (en) 1997-05-09 2003-11-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Continous flow steam generator having a double-flue construction
WO2010028978A2 (de) * 2008-09-09 2010-03-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Durchlaufdampferzeuger
EP2180251A1 (de) * 2008-09-09 2010-04-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Durchlaufdampferzeuger
WO2010028978A3 (de) * 2008-09-09 2010-06-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Durchlaufdampferzeuger
US20110162592A1 (en) * 2008-09-09 2011-07-07 Martin Effert Continuous steam generator
US20110203536A1 (en) * 2008-09-09 2011-08-25 Martin Effert Continuous steam generator
US20110214622A1 (en) * 2008-11-10 2011-09-08 Martin Effert Continuous steam generator
US8851023B2 (en) * 2008-11-10 2014-10-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Continuous steam generator
US20110079217A1 (en) * 2009-02-12 2011-04-07 Babcock Power Services, Inc. Piping, header, and tubing arrangements for solar boilers
WO2017088742A1 (zh) * 2015-11-25 2017-06-01 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 一种低负荷下高流动稳定性的超临界循环流化床锅炉水冷壁及实现低质量流速的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1129443A (en) 1968-10-02
DE1551005B1 (de) 1972-11-30
ES333126A1 (es) 1967-07-16
BE689682A (ko) 1967-05-16
DE1551005A1 (de) 1970-01-22
SE300112B (ko) 1968-04-08
NL132447C (ko)
NL6616646A (ko) 1967-06-02

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