US3286675A - System for unloading tankers - Google Patents

System for unloading tankers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3286675A
US3286675A US386997A US38699764A US3286675A US 3286675 A US3286675 A US 3286675A US 386997 A US386997 A US 386997A US 38699764 A US38699764 A US 38699764A US 3286675 A US3286675 A US 3286675A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
vessel
lines
shore
pumps
cargo
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US386997A
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English (en)
Inventor
Edward R Weber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
Original Assignee
Exxon Research and Engineering Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Exxon Research and Engineering Co filed Critical Exxon Research and Engineering Co
Priority to US386997A priority Critical patent/US3286675A/en
Priority to GB28386/65A priority patent/GB1086842A/en
Priority to DEP1269A priority patent/DE1269524B/de
Priority to ES0315976A priority patent/ES315976A1/es
Priority to BE667839D priority patent/BE667839A/xx
Priority to NL6510058A priority patent/NL6510058A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3286675A publication Critical patent/US3286675A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improved system for unloading tankers. It has particular application to large waterborne tankers such as are employed in hauling and transporting petroleum and similar oils, and various liquid refined products and residues which are obtained there from. Although the invention is primarily of use with large oil tankers, it is applicable, of course, to tankers used for other purposes and tankers of smaller sizes.
  • a system has been devised to unload from pier based pumps, no matter how deep the vessel. This is based on using the outer hull piping connections on the vessel extending from points at or near the bottom of the ship. They are preferably located substantially below water level.
  • connecting lines of flexible hose may be attached to outer hull of the ship, either forward, at midship, or aft.
  • the free ends of the flexible hoses so connected normally will be extended and held above the water line or at deck level when the tanker is moving.
  • the lines are preferably so mounted and arranged that they do not perceptibly increase the drag on the vessel. Also, they are mounted so as to protect them from damage due to abrasion, wave action, etc.
  • the upper ends of the hoses are first connected above the water line, preferably, to matching flexible hose connections from the shore.
  • the shore hose or line connections of the prior art usually extend from the shore at or above deck level, or some equivalent position.
  • the flexible lines from the shore are attached to connections at a low level, i.e., .generally at a level near that of the bottom of the vessel or where the connections for the vessel flexible lines emerge.
  • the shore pumps must be located, according to the present invention, in a caisson or well at a depth which preferably is equivalent more or less to the depth of the ship, at least to a depth approaching that of the unloaded vessel.
  • connections may bs lowered to the bottom of the harbor at dock side, or at least to a depth which is more or less equal to that of the shore based discharge pumps.
  • the vessel cargo provides a positive hydraulic head to the inlet or suction side of the shore pumps.
  • the discharge lines may be arranged either at the bow, at the stern, or at a midship location, or in any two or more of such locations.
  • cargo pumps which are rather large and heavy, need not be installed, on the tanker vessel, except such as may be required. for. cargo transfer within the vessel or for emergency use.
  • the shore pumps can be used more continuously or given maximum utilization since they canunload all vessels coming into a given terminal. This makes it unnecessary for individual tankers to carry large discharge pumps which would be used only a small percentage of the time.
  • the pumping equipment which is used on shore may be used much more continuously as various tankers come in to unload at the dock.
  • the shore pumps may be installed a little lower than the vessel. bottom, of even a loaded vessel, so that positive suction pressure is insured at the pump under all conditions.
  • the short pumps tend to increase their pressure head on the inlet or suction side for the final states of discharge.
  • the pumps in the dock need not necessarily be installed at lower level than the discharge level at the bottom of the vessel.
  • the present invention also eliminates many difliculties which exist under current procedures.
  • ship pumps When ship pumps are used, under prior practices, to discharge cargo ashore, they must operate at relatively high outlet pressures in the lines which lead from vessel to shore. This is partly due to the high lift required. This gives high pressure, which in turn gives rise to hazards from broken or leaky connections, leaking gaskets and the like. It increases the fire hazard in the immediate area where lines pass from ship to shore.
  • ship bottom connections and low pump levels the pressure differentials between ship and shore .are greatly reduced. Possibility of leaka-ge, particularly in the open areas, on deck or on piers close to the vessel, is greatly reduced. These are the areas where ignition hazards normally exist.
  • FIG. 1 is a small scale view of a vessel equipped with flexible discharge lines connected near the bottom of the vessel.
  • FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view, somewhat diagrammatic, showing a connection from ship to shore with a discharge pump located in the pier or dock at a low level.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary detailed view, partly in section, showing a modification in ship hull structure for accommodating the discharge lines to reduce friction or drag when the vessel is in motion and to prevent damage to the discharge lines.
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view, somewhat diagramatic, showing the whole ship-shore system for unloading a tanker alongside a pier.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a conventional tanker 11 equipped with a plurality of discharge lines at various places along the bottom portion thereof.
  • three lines 13 at the bow of the vessel there are shown three lines 15, and near the aft end of the vessel are two discharge lines 17.
  • These are connected through the hull at their lower ends to master valves or piping leading to cargo compartments. The upper ends of the lines are brought up to or near the top of the deck to keep them from dragging while the vessel is in motion.
  • the lines 13, 15 and 17 may be attached in any suitable fashion, permanently or temporarily, at or near the bottom of the cargo compartments in the vessel.
  • the storage compartments within the vessel may also be interconnected in any desired fashion.
  • the discharge lines are preferably flexible, i.e., they may be hoses, jointed pipes, or both. They are arranged so that they can be brought up alongside the vessel during its movements as shown in FIG. 1 and also in such a manner that they can be extended to connect toshore lines. Both ship and shore lines are arranged so that they can be lowered into the water, after connection is established, to a position near their outlet level in the vessel as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the vessel 11 is shown as having a single outlet hose 13 connected through a coupling 21 to a flexible shore based line 23.
  • the latter is connected, through a conventional coupling 25, to a pipe 27 which extends to the inlet of a pump 2-9.
  • the pump is located below the water level in the pier, preferably to a depth which is more or less equal to that occupied by the bottom of the vessel, although it need not be at such extreme depth in many cases. In some cases it may be desirable to have it even deeper.
  • line 23 normally is held above the water line and interconnection with any of the lines from the vessel is made above the water level.
  • the flexible lines are lowered into the Water to rest either at the bottom of the harbor alongside the pier or at a suitable level approximately at or below the bottom of the cargo compartments in the vessel. This is done to insure a good head on the suction side pump.
  • the pump is driven by suitable power means, such as motor 31 and its discharges to any desired level through pump outlet line 33. This obviously may lead to storage tanks, to refineries or to other points of storage, wherever the cargo from the tanker is to be delivered.
  • the vessel or hull 11 is provided, as shown in FIG. 3, with a depression or groove as indicated at 41 to receive each of the flexible lines substantially within the general contours of the vessel wall.
  • a cover plate such as is indicated at 43, to enclose the line 11.
  • This cover plate may be permanently attached to one side of the hose, or integrated to a bracket attached to the hose. Alternatively, it may be hinged to the hull of the vessel or it may be slidable into place, appropriate receiving surface being formed in the hull, as will be selfevident to those skilled in the art. It is particularly desirable to have such cover plates below the water line 50 on the vessel where connections are made at low level, as indicated in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the vessel will be docked alongside the pier 60.
  • the pier is provided with a plurality of pump wells 61 and 62. Any number of such wells may be provided, as may be required.
  • the wells preferably extend to a substantial distance below the level of the water in which the vessel is floating.
  • three lines from the bow of the vessel are indicated at 64, 65 and 66, respectively. These connect through conventional couplings to flexible shore based lines 67, 68 and 69, respectively. The latter lead to pumps 70A, 70B and 70C installed in well 61.
  • two lines 71 and 72 connect through couplings 73 to the shore based lines 74 and 75. These, in turn, are connected to pumps A, 80B, etc., in the well 62.
  • the pumps 70A, 70B, etc., and 80A, etc. are well below water level and preferably near the depth of the vessel or at least at about the level of its cargo compartments. It will be obvious that other connections may be made and that the number of pumps and lines used will depend on the capacity of the vessel, the rate of unloading desired, and the location,
  • Apparatus for discharging liquid cargo from a deep compartment in a Water-borne tanker having a hull comprising a cargo outlet in said compartment below the water level, a flexible line connected to said outlet, a shore based discharge pump located below the water level, a flexible line connected to the inlet of said pump, a releasable coupling for interconnecting both said flexible lines, and means formed in the outer surface of the hull of said tanker for receiving and protecting the first mentioned flexible line during movement of said tanker through the water.
  • Apparatus for loading and unloading liquid cargo from a deep compartment in a water-borne tanker having a hull comprising a cargo outlet in said compartment below the water level, a first conduit connected to said outlet, a shore based discharge pump located below the water level, a second conduit connected to the inlet of said pump, a coupling for interconnecting both said conduits, and means formed in the outer surface of the hull of said tanker for receiving and protecting the first conduit during movement of said tanker through the water.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
US386997A 1964-08-03 1964-08-03 System for unloading tankers Expired - Lifetime US3286675A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US386997A US3286675A (en) 1964-08-03 1964-08-03 System for unloading tankers
GB28386/65A GB1086842A (en) 1964-08-03 1965-07-05 System for unloading tankers
DEP1269A DE1269524B (de) 1964-08-03 1965-07-06 Entladeanlage eines Tankschiffes
ES0315976A ES315976A1 (es) 1964-08-03 1965-07-30 Metodo para descargar un cargamento liquido de un buque de superficie.
BE667839D BE667839A (xx) 1964-08-03 1965-08-03
NL6510058A NL6510058A (xx) 1964-08-03 1965-08-03

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US386997A US3286675A (en) 1964-08-03 1964-08-03 System for unloading tankers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3286675A true US3286675A (en) 1966-11-22

Family

ID=23527992

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US386997A Expired - Lifetime US3286675A (en) 1964-08-03 1964-08-03 System for unloading tankers

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3286675A (xx)
BE (1) BE667839A (xx)
DE (1) DE1269524B (xx)
ES (1) ES315976A1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1086842A (xx)
NL (1) NL6510058A (xx)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4615291A (en) * 1982-08-16 1986-10-07 Jones Clyde B Hydrofoil boat
US20050066868A1 (en) * 2003-09-16 2005-03-31 Norihide Saho Freshwater supply system
US20080295758A1 (en) * 2007-03-23 2008-12-04 David Lee Glessner Dockside water intake system for marine vessels

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4321526B4 (de) * 1993-06-23 2005-08-18 Reichert, Heiko, Dipl.-Ing. Anordnung und Verfahren zur Tankernotentleerung von in Seenot geratenen Tankschiffen
NO20092951A1 (no) * 2009-09-03 2011-03-04 Viking Dredging As Anordning ved bulkskip for sandtransport og fluidisert lossing
CN110053721A (zh) * 2018-01-19 2019-07-26 上海船厂船舶有限公司 补给软管悬挂装置及含其的装载站

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2945465A (en) * 1958-04-18 1960-07-19 Sun Oil Co Crude oil storage and loading dock
US3100006A (en) * 1960-03-03 1963-08-06 Gen Dynamics Corp Submerged fueling methods and apparatus
US3145854A (en) * 1960-07-15 1964-08-25 Sturm Ship and cargo handling equipment
FR87508E (fr) * 1964-03-10 1966-06-24 Progil Additifs pour lubrifiants

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1063832A (en) * 1913-06-03 Bernard Reiver Means for loading ships.
US1232672A (en) * 1916-09-20 1917-07-10 Alphonse Fernandez Fuel-supply for submerged submarines.

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2945465A (en) * 1958-04-18 1960-07-19 Sun Oil Co Crude oil storage and loading dock
US3100006A (en) * 1960-03-03 1963-08-06 Gen Dynamics Corp Submerged fueling methods and apparatus
US3145854A (en) * 1960-07-15 1964-08-25 Sturm Ship and cargo handling equipment
FR87508E (fr) * 1964-03-10 1966-06-24 Progil Additifs pour lubrifiants

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4615291A (en) * 1982-08-16 1986-10-07 Jones Clyde B Hydrofoil boat
US20050066868A1 (en) * 2003-09-16 2005-03-31 Norihide Saho Freshwater supply system
US7093551B2 (en) * 2003-09-16 2006-08-22 Hitachi, Ltd. Freshwater supply system
US20060231005A1 (en) * 2003-09-16 2006-10-19 Hitachi, Ltd. Freshwater supply system
US20080295758A1 (en) * 2007-03-23 2008-12-04 David Lee Glessner Dockside water intake system for marine vessels
US7776222B2 (en) * 2007-03-23 2010-08-17 David Lee Glessner Dockside water intake system for marine vessels

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES315976A1 (es) 1965-12-01
NL6510058A (xx) 1966-02-04
GB1086842A (en) 1967-10-11
DE1269524B (de) 1968-05-30
BE667839A (xx) 1966-02-03

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