US3284610A - Heat operated refrigerator operable on gas or electricity - Google Patents

Heat operated refrigerator operable on gas or electricity Download PDF

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Publication number
US3284610A
US3284610A US417936A US41793664A US3284610A US 3284610 A US3284610 A US 3284610A US 417936 A US417936 A US 417936A US 41793664 A US41793664 A US 41793664A US 3284610 A US3284610 A US 3284610A
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United States
Prior art keywords
regions
ditch
gas
operable
energy
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Expired - Lifetime
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US417936A
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English (en)
Inventor
Grubb Gunnar Axel
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Electrolux AB
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Electrolux AB
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B33/00—Boilers; Analysers; Rectifiers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/04—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for sorption type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2333/00—Details of boilers; Analysers; Rectifiers
    • F25B2333/002—Details of boilers; Analysers; Rectifiers the generator or boiler is heated electrically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2333/00—Details of boilers; Analysers; Rectifiers
    • F25B2333/003—Details of boilers; Analysers; Rectifiers the generator or boiler is heated by combustion gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2333/00—Details of boilers; Analysers; Rectifiers
    • F25B2333/006—Details of boilers; Analysers; Rectifiers the generator or boiler having a rectifier

Definitions

  • a control which is operable to disconnect the refrigerator not only from one or the other of the sources of heat but also from both sources at the same time to make certain the refrigerator will not start operating if not desired if the control member inadvertently is left in an operating position.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates more or less diagrammatically heat operated refrigeration apparatus embodying the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary sectional view taken at line 22 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an elevational view taken at line 33 of FIG. 1 to show parts more clearly;
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view like one taken at line 44 of FIG. 3 illustrating a modification of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 of the drawing the invention is shown in connection with heat operated absorption refrigeration apparatus containing an inert pressure equalizing gas.
  • Refrigerant vapor is expelled from absorption liquid in a vapor lift pipe of a vapor-expulsion unit 11 and passes through the upper part of a standpipe 12 and a conduit 14 to a condenser.
  • the refrigerant vapor such as ammonia
  • the refrigerant vapor is liquefied in the condenser and flows into an evaporator in which the refrigerant evaporates and diffuses into an inert gas, such as hydrogen, to produce a refrigerating effect within the thermally insulated interior of a refrigerator cabinet.
  • the resulting gas mixture of refrigerant and inert gas flows from the evaporator to an absorber including a coil 15 and an absorber vessel 16 to which the lower end of the coil is connected, such gas mixture entering the absorber vessel 16 through a conduit 17.
  • the absorber refrigerant is absorbed from the gas mixture into absorption liquid, such as water, which is delivered thereto through a conduit 18, and the absorption liquid enriched in refrigerant passes into the absorber vessel 16.
  • absorption liquid such as water
  • the inert gas is returned from the absorber to the evaporator in the path of flow including a conduit 19, and the enriched absorption liquid is conducted through a conduit 20 and inner pipe 21 of a liquid heat exchanger 22 to the vapor-expulsion unit 11.
  • Absorption solution enriched in refrigerant flows from the absorber vessel 16 through conduit 20 and inner pipe 21 of liquid heat exchanger 22 into the lower end of vapor lift pipe 10 which is in thermal exchange relation with a heating tube 24 at 25.
  • the heating tube 24 is arranged to be heated by an electrical heating element 26 disposed within the tube. Vapor generated in the vapor lift pipe 10 by heating effected by the heating tube 24 raises liquid therein by vapor lift action and fiows from the upper end thereof through the upper part of standpipe 12 into conduit 14 and passes to the condenser, as previously explained.
  • the vapor-expulsion unit 11 in its entirety, together with a major portion of the liquid heat exchanger 22, are embedded in a body of insulation 27 retained in a metal shell or casing 28 having an opening 29 at the bottom thereof.
  • the heating tube 24 is embedded in a part of the insulation 27 which is intermediate the ends thereof and spaced from the top and bottom ends of the shell 28. Electrical conductors 30 and 31 for the electrical heating element 26 pass through the bottom opening 29 of the shell 28 and extend through the insulation 27.
  • the heating tube 24 snugly receives the heating element 26 which may comprise a cartridge housing an electrical wire or the like having a relatively high resistance that generates heat when connected to a source of electrical energy. It is usually the practice to provide a passage in the body of insulation 27 which extends to the exterior of the insulating body, so that the electrical heating element 26 may be readily inserted into and removed from the heating tube 24.
  • the vapor-expulsion unit 11 is arranged to be operated at will by two independent sources of heat, each of which alone is capable of supplying heat at an adequate rate and at a sufficiently elevated temperature to the vapor lift pipe to effect normal operation of the refrigeration apparatus under all conditions under which the apparatus is intended to be operated.
  • This is accomplished by providing a second heating flue 32 which is in thermal exchange relation with the vapor lift pipe 10 at 33.
  • a fluid fuel burner 34 is arranged to be supported in an upright position within the bottom part 32a of the heating flue, so that the combustion gases will be used most effectively for heating the heating flue 32.
  • the burner 34 is connected to a source of supply of gaseous fuel by sections 35a and 35b of a pipe 35 in which is connected a valve 36.
  • the valve 36 for controlling the supply of gaseous fuel to the burner 34 includes a casing 37 of cylindrical shape which is fixed to a suitable support (not shown). Within the casing is positioned a rotatable valve member 38 fixed to a shaft 39. The valve member 38 is formed with a passage 40 which connects the pipe 35 and burner 34 when the valve member is in the position illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • the electrical heating element 26 is connected by conductors 30 and 31 to a source S of electrical energy in an electrical circuit which also includes conductors 41 and 42 and an electric switch 43.
  • the switch 43 comprises a member 43a of cylindrical shape which is formed of electrically conductive material and fixed to the shaft 39 and insulated therefrom in any suitable manner. Brushes 44 and 45, to which the conductors 41 and 42 are connected, are adapted to bear against the periphery of the switch member 43a.
  • the periphery of the switch member 43a is provided with an insulating section 46 over which the brushes 44 and 45 move when shaft 39 is rotated.
  • the electrical heating element 26 is connected to the source S of electrical energyf
  • the burner 35 is connected to the source of supply of the fuel and ignited. Accordingly, the relationship of the valve member 38 and the insulating section 46 of the switch 43 is such that in a first position of the shaft 39 the valve 36 is open and the brushes 44 and 45 engage the insulating section 46 of the switch 43, and in a second position of the shaft 39 the valve 36 is closed and the brushes 44 and 45 are removed from the insulating section 46 of the switch 43.
  • the shaft 39 can be turned either to one of two positions, namely, a first valve open position, or a second switch closed position which will render the electrical heating element 26 operable to effect heating of the refrigeration apparatus.
  • the outer end of the shaft 39 is formed with an outer tubular section 39a and journaled in a circular plate or disk 47 supported in any suitable manner (not shown).
  • To the shaft 39 in a plane perpendicular to its axis is fixed one end of an elongated control member 48.
  • the control member 48 includes inner and outer elements 48a and 48b which are in alignment and axially separated from one another, as indicated at 49.
  • one of the elements 48a and 48b may be formed with a hollow tubular seeone axially movable within the other.
  • the inner end of the inner element 48a passes through openings 50 in the hollow tubular section 39a of the shaft 39 and is held therein by a cross bar 51 fixed to the element 48a.
  • a helical spring 52 which extends axially of the adjacent ends of the elements 48a and 48b and bridges the gap 49 therebetween, is fixed at its ends at 53 and 54 to the elements 48a and 48b.
  • the outer end of the control member 48 is provided with a hand grip 55 which extends axially of the shaft 39.
  • the control member 48 is movable in front of a plate 56 having suitable indicia EL and O and GAS, the indicia EL and GAS representing the positions to which the control member 48 is moved to render the refrigerator operable by electricity and gas, respectively, and the indicium representing the off position to which the control member 48 is moved to disconnect the refrigerator from gas and electricity when one or both of these sources of heat are available.
  • the circular plate or disk 47 is formed with a peripheral surface 57 of arcuate form extending between two radially extending walls or abutments 58 and 59 which function as stops at the EL and GAS positions of the control member 48.
  • the peripheral surface 57 Adjacent to the stops 58 and 59 the peripheral surface 57 is recessed to form grooves or valleys 60 and 61 which tion so that they may be telescopically connected with gently slope radially outward toward zones 62 and 63 of the peripheral surface 57 which are of arcuate shape.
  • the peripheral surface 57 is formed with a valley or depression 64 disposed between the adjacent ends of the zones 62 and 63.
  • the parts of the peripheral surface 57 of the plate 47 having the greatest radius are those regions of zones 62 and 63 adjacent to the depression or valley 64, and that the radial distance from the shaft 39 to the bottom of the valley or depression 64 is substantially greater than the radial distance from the shaft 39 to the bottoms of the valleys 60 and 61.
  • a resilient member 65 which is of semi-circular form and spring-like in character.
  • the resilient member 65 freely rides over the peripheral surface 57.
  • the resilient member 65 moves radially outward from the valleys 60 and 61 to the zones 62 and 63, the control elements 48a and 48b are axially separated against the tension of the helical spring 52.
  • the helical spring 52 functions to resiliently bias the resilient member 65 against the peripheral surface 57, such biasing action being least when the resilient member 65 is in the valleys 60 and 61 and greatest when the member 65 is at the regions of the zones 62 and 63 immediately adjacent to the valley 64.
  • the radially extending walls 58 and 59 are apart which determines the angular movement of the control member 48 from the position EL in which electric operation can be effected and the position GAS in which gas operation of the refrigerator can be effected.
  • the resilient member 65 of semi-circular form snugly seats in the valleys 60 and 61.
  • the biasing action of the spring 52 progressively increases to an optimum value at the opposing side walls of the valley 64.
  • the biasing action of the helical spring 52 is still at a value closely approaching the optimum value and movement of the control member 48 at the 0 position is interrupted and halted in the same manner that movement of a vehicle is interrupted and halted when its wheels fall into a deep ditch. It is then necessary to apply force on the control member 48 in such manner that the movement of the resilient member 65 out of the valley 64 at the 0 position will be promoted.
  • the circular plate 47 comprises structure defining a curved path of convex form having an elongated surface 57 which extends between first and second regions 60 and 61 of the surface and in which all parts thereof including the first and second regions 60 and 61 are in a single plane perpendicular 'to the surface, as best shown in FIG. 1.
  • the inner end of the arm 48 is anchored at 39a to the rotatable shaft 39 for angular movement about the axis of the shaft.
  • the element 65 is fixed to the outer end of the arm 48.
  • the shaft 39 and arm 48 function as mounting means for the element 65 to effect movement thereof on the surface 57 between the regions 60 and 61 by force imparted to the arm 48.
  • the arm 48 includes an outer part 48b which is movable in the direction of its length with respect to an inner arm part 48a.
  • the parts 48a and 48b of the arm 48 and the spring 52 therebetween function as means for holding the element 65 against the surface 57 by force acting on the element 65 through the outer arm part 48b.
  • the spring 52 which is under tension functions to bias the outer arm part 48b toward the inner arm part 48a.
  • the surface 57 at each of the regions 60 and 61 has a recess including a bottom and opposing sides.
  • the sides of the recesses at 60 and 61, which are nearer to the ditch 64, are inclined toward the latter and the sides thereof, which are removed from the ditch 64, serve as abutments 58 and 59 which are in the path of movement of the element 65 when the latter is seated in the recesses at the regions 60 and 61, respectively.
  • the element 65 after being moved from either of the first and second regions 60 and 61 toward the ditch 64, is movable on a part of the surface 57 at either side of the ditch and adjacent thereto and along either one of the sides of the ditch 64 to the bottom thereof respon sive to a first force imparted thereto which is of one magnitude.
  • Each side of the ditch 64 is inclined at such an angle to the part of the elongated surface 57 which is adjacent thereto and extends therefrom that the element 65 is movable along the surface 57 toward either one of the first and second regions 60 and 61 from the bottom of the ditch 64 along either one of the sides thereof responsive tov a second force imparted thereto at the bottom of the ditch which is of higher magnitude than the first force.
  • a separate lock device can be provided which automatically functions to lock the control member 48 when it reaches its or off position.
  • a lock device 66 may be provided at the inner element 48a of the control member 48.
  • the lock device 66 comprises a plunger 67 which is axially movable within a hollow sleeve 68 fixed to the inner element 48a.
  • a coil spring 69 is disposed within the sleeve 68 and retained therein between the plunger 67 and a flange 70 on the sleev The plunger 67 is urged toward the plate 47 by the spring 69.
  • a flexible chain or pull cord 72 having one end fixed to the plunger 67 and its opposite end extending outside the sleeve 68 at the flange 70 may be pulled to withdraw the plunger 67 from the opening 71 in the plate 47 and permit the control member 48 to be moved from the 0 position to either operating position at the valleys 60 and 61 in the peripheral surface 57.
  • control means connected to the gas energy supply means and to the electrical energy conducting means which is operable to connect one or the other of the energy means respectively to its associated heating means, said control means comprising structure defining a curved path of convex form having an elongated surface which extends between spaced first and second regions and in which all parts of the surface including the first and second regions thereof are in a single plane perpendicular to the surface, an element means for mounting the element for movement on the elongated surface between the first and second regions, means for holding the element against the surface by force acting thereon in a direction perpendicular to the surface, the control means being
  • the mounting means for the element includes an arm having inner and outer ends, a rotatable member having an axis, means for anchoring the inner end of the arm to the rotatable member for angular movement about the axis, and means for fixing the element to the outer end of the arm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
US417936A 1963-12-16 1964-12-14 Heat operated refrigerator operable on gas or electricity Expired - Lifetime US3284610A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE13979/63A SE304023B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1963-12-16 1963-12-16

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US3284610A true US3284610A (en) 1966-11-08

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3810249A (en) * 1971-03-05 1974-05-07 United Gas Industries Ltd Gas/electric control mechanism
US3860786A (en) * 1972-03-03 1975-01-14 British Domestic Appliances Control mechanisms
US3875369A (en) * 1973-10-01 1975-04-01 Electrolux Ab Control for gas-electric refrigerator
US5692393A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-12-02 Gas Research Institute Internally fired generator
US5791158A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-08-11 Gas Research Institute Internally fired generator with improved solution flow

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1069518A (en) * 1912-09-10 1913-08-05 William J Barnett Switch.
US2304302A (en) * 1942-04-06 1942-12-08 Crupi Antonio Portable gas stove and electric heater
US3080729A (en) * 1960-01-30 1963-03-12 Electrolux Ab Absorption refrigeration
US3093978A (en) * 1960-09-22 1963-06-18 Electrolux Ab Absorption refrigeration apparatus
US3105363A (en) * 1961-10-02 1963-10-01 Norcold Inc Gas-electric refrigerating system

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1069518A (en) * 1912-09-10 1913-08-05 William J Barnett Switch.
US2304302A (en) * 1942-04-06 1942-12-08 Crupi Antonio Portable gas stove and electric heater
US3080729A (en) * 1960-01-30 1963-03-12 Electrolux Ab Absorption refrigeration
US3093978A (en) * 1960-09-22 1963-06-18 Electrolux Ab Absorption refrigeration apparatus
US3105363A (en) * 1961-10-02 1963-10-01 Norcold Inc Gas-electric refrigerating system

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3810249A (en) * 1971-03-05 1974-05-07 United Gas Industries Ltd Gas/electric control mechanism
US3860786A (en) * 1972-03-03 1975-01-14 British Domestic Appliances Control mechanisms
US3875369A (en) * 1973-10-01 1975-04-01 Electrolux Ab Control for gas-electric refrigerator
US5692393A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-12-02 Gas Research Institute Internally fired generator
US5791158A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-08-11 Gas Research Institute Internally fired generator with improved solution flow

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE304023B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1968-09-16

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