US3283506A - Ship's propulsion plant - Google Patents

Ship's propulsion plant Download PDF

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Publication number
US3283506A
US3283506A US365603A US36560364A US3283506A US 3283506 A US3283506 A US 3283506A US 365603 A US365603 A US 365603A US 36560364 A US36560364 A US 36560364A US 3283506 A US3283506 A US 3283506A
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United States
Prior art keywords
steam
boiler
turbine stage
main
turbine
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Expired - Lifetime
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US365603A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hutchison Thomas Baird
Arcy Norman J H D
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pametrada
ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
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Pametrada
Exxon Research and Engineering Co
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Application filed by Pametrada, Exxon Research and Engineering Co filed Critical Pametrada
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
    • F01K3/18—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters
    • F01K3/24—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters with heating by separately-fired heaters
    • F01K3/245—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters with heating by separately-fired heaters delivering steam at different pressure levels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K15/00—Adaptations of plants for special use
    • F01K15/02—Adaptations of plants for special use for driving vehicles, e.g. locomotives
    • F01K15/04—Adaptations of plants for special use for driving vehicles, e.g. locomotives the vehicles being waterborne vessels

Definitions

  • SHIPS PROPULS ION PLANT Filed May 7, 1964 United States Patent 3,283,506 SHIPS PROPULSION PLANT Thomas Baird Hutchison, London, and Norman J. H. DArcy, Wallsend, England, assignors to Pametrada, Wallsend, England, and Esso Research and Engineering Co.,.Elizabeth, NJ.
  • This invention relates to marine steam turbine propulsion installations.
  • main boilers which supply steam both to drive the main propulsion turbines and to provide certain auxiliary services.
  • the boilers are commonly designed to be capable of supplying considerably more steam than that required during normal full power operation at sea, the excess capacity being only used intermittently for such purposes as cargo heating and tank cleaning.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a marine steam turbine propulsion installation particularly though not exclusively, for oil tankships inhibiting the above disadvantages and being expected to result in reductions in both first cost and operating cost compared with conventional installations.
  • the invention accordingly consists in a marine steam turbine propulsion installation of the kind in which a propeller is driven by steam from a boiler system supplying different steam-pressure conditions to stages of propulsion turbines, wherein a main boiler is provided for generating steam at high pressure for supply to the propulsion turbines, reheater means are provided bet-ween stages, and an auxiliary boiler is provided for generating steam at lower pressure for auxiliary purposes, e.g., tank cleaning, ballasting and deballasting, cargo heating etc.
  • Steam may be conveniently generated in the auxiliary boiler by passing high pressure steam from the main boiler through a heating coil in the auxiliary boiler by way of a closed circuit.
  • Reheating between an HP. propulsion turbine stage and an LP. propulsion turbine stage may be effected by providing reheater tubes in the main boiler over which flows a proportion of the combustion gases of the main boiler.
  • damper means may be arranged to close automatically when steam flow through the reheater tubes falls below a predetermined value.
  • the invention also consists in a marine steam turbine 3,283,506 Patented Nov. 8, 1966 propulsion installation comprising an HR turbine stage, an intermediate pressureturbine stage, an LP. turbine stage connected to a condenser, an H.P. reverse drive turbine stage and an LP. reverse drive turbine stage connected to a condenser, all of said turbine stages being coupled to one another and to a boiler feed pump, a propellerv shaft and an electric generator, a single main boiler for supplying steam either to said H.P. turbine stage, whence it passes by way of a reheat part of said boiler under control of a control damper to the intermediate pressure turbine stage and thence to a condenser by Way of said L.P. turbine stage, or to a condenser by way of said reverse drive turbine stages.
  • a standby electric generator, boiler feed pump and lubricating oil pump, driven by individual prime movers, may be provided to takeover the duties of these components during reverse drive and part-load operations.
  • a represents a single main high pressure steam generator, in which fuel is preferentially burnt in a single furnace.
  • a represents a single main high pressure steam generator, in which fuel is preferentially burnt in a single furnace.
  • a superheater b from which steam is sup plied to a high pressure turbine or turbine stage 0.
  • Exhaust steam from this turbine is returned to the boiler where its temperature is raised in the tubes of a reheater d over which flows another part of the combustion gases.
  • Steam from the reheater is supplied to an intermediate pressure turbine or turbine stage e, from which exhaust steam flows to a low pressure turbine or tur-' binestage i and thence to a condenser g.
  • Auxiliary steam is generated at comparatively low pressure in an auxiliary steam generator p preferably disposed above the level of water in the steam drum of the main boiler a by internal tubes supplied in a closed circuit with high pressure steam from the boiler a.
  • An auxiliary feed pump q is provided forthe boiler a.
  • the HR, LP. and LP. turbines or stages drive a propeller h through example, double reduction gearing i.
  • the HP. turbine drives a main boiler feed pump 0 to which it is coupled mechanically, and a lubricating oil pump r and an electric generator through the reduction gearing i, this generator supplying the ships total electrical load during normal full power ahead operation at sea.
  • a standby lubricating oil pump s and electrical generator (not shown) are. also provided.
  • the standby electrical generator and standby boiler feed pump q both driven by individual prime movers take over the duties of the corresponding main engine driven components during astern operation and part-load opera tion.
  • These standby units may be arranged to come into operation "automatically when the rotational speed of the main engines falls below a predetermined fraction of the design full ahead speed.
  • the dampers causing the combustion gases to bypass the reheater may be arranged to close automatically when the steam flow through the reheater falls below a predetermined value.
  • Steam for auxiliary purposes other'than those connected with the operation of the main turbine machinery is generated at a relatively low pressure and temperature in either the steam generator p heated by steam from the main boiler, or in a separately fired auxiliary boiler.
  • the relatively low pressure and temperature of this auxiliary steam permit its generation from water of relatively low purity compared with that required of the feed water for the main boiler, and the main and auxiliary feed systems are therefore isolated from one another during normal operation.
  • auxiliary steam for certain purposes, such as domestic services and oil fuel heating is relatively small and in a preferred arrangement in this type of vessel, auxiliary steam for these purposes is supplied entirely from the steam generator p heated by steam from'the main boiler.
  • the intermittent supply of steam required for cleaning the boiler tubes by soot blowing is also provided by this steam generator.
  • the latter feature has the particular merit of using steam produced from the auxiliary feed water only, unlike conventional installations, in which steam for soot blowing is supplied directly from the main boiler and results in a total loss of an appreciable quantity of the highly purified water from the main feed system.
  • auxiliary steam required in oil tankships for cargo heating and tank cleaning are .provided by a separately fired auxiliary boiler, which is designed to be capable of producing sufiicient steam for driving the main propulsion turbines at reduced power in the event of failure of the main boiler.
  • Another essential service to be provided in an oil tankship is a steam supply to drive the cargo oil pumps in harbour.
  • This steam in a conventional installation, is supplied from the main boilers. Whilst this steam could all be supplied by the single main boiler of the installation described, in a preferred arrangement the cargo pumping duty is shared between the main and auxiliary boilers, a proportion of the total pumping capacity thereby being available in the event of failure of one boiler or the other.
  • the first cost of an installation in accordance with the present invention compared with that of a conventional installation, is expected to be reduced as a result of:
  • the HP. astern .turbines can be structurally joined to the H.P. turbine instead of the LP. turbine, the LP. .turbinemay be joined to the LP. turbine or combined with the H.P. turbine.
  • the power take off for the main boiler feed pump can be from the gear box, the various turbines instead of working in tandem as indicated in the diagram can be working in the usual way, each by means of a gear train into the main reduction gear.
  • a marine steam turbine propulsion installation comprising a high pressure-turbine stage, an intermediate pressure turbine stage, a low pressure turbine stage, at least one reverse, drive turbine stage, a boiler including a reheater section, a condenser, conduits. to supply steam from the boiler selectively through an aheadflow path or an astern flow path to the condenser, the ahead flow path including the high pressure turbine stage, the reheater section, the intermediate pressure .tur bine stage and the low pressure turbine stage, the aster-n flow path including the or each reverse drive turbine stage the said turbine stages being mechanically connected .
  • a propeller shaft, -a boiler feed pump and an electric generator being mechanically connected to the said turbine stages.
  • damper means controlling the reheater section to prevent overheating thereof when the' steam is flowing in the astern path.
  • An installation as claimed in claim 2, comprising superheater tubes in the main boiler through which steam passes. to either, the ahead flow path or the,astern-fl0.W path, the superheater tubes being divided 'into two groups in series, exposed to different streams of the combustion gases of the main boiler, the reheater section comprising a set of reheater tubes exposed to that one of the said stream of combustion gases passing over the upstream,
  • auxiliaries steam generator comprises a heating coil and conduits for passing "high-pressure steam in 'clos'edcircuit from the main boiler through the heating coil using natural circulation.
  • An installation as claimed in claim 1, comprising a high pressure reverse drive turbine stage, and a low pressure reverse drive turbine stage.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
US365603A 1963-09-26 1964-05-07 Ship's propulsion plant Expired - Lifetime US3283506A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB38013/63A GB1025338A (en) 1963-09-26 1963-09-26 Marine steam turbine propulsion plant

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3283506A true US3283506A (en) 1966-11-08

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US365603A Expired - Lifetime US3283506A (en) 1963-09-26 1964-05-07 Ship's propulsion plant

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US (1) US3283506A (ru)
BE (1) BE645903A (ru)
CH (1) CH428476A (ru)
GB (1) GB1025338A (ru)
NL (1) NL6404234A (ru)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3813876A (en) * 1972-02-03 1974-06-04 Sulzer Ag Steam power plant for a marine vessel
US3956898A (en) * 1974-12-20 1976-05-18 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Marine vapor generator having low temperature reheater

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US753433A (en) * 1904-03-01 Superheating system
US1281824A (en) * 1916-05-31 1918-10-15 Charles Algernon Parsons Turbine installations for ship propulsion.
US1712992A (en) * 1924-12-31 1929-05-14 Krupp Ag Turbine locomotive
US1751238A (en) * 1925-05-26 1930-03-18 Babcock & Wilcox Co Steam-power system
US1769472A (en) * 1929-05-13 1930-07-01 Foster Wheeler Corp Steam-power plant
US2586510A (en) * 1948-10-05 1952-02-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp Reheater control for turbine apparatus
US3033002A (en) * 1957-11-08 1962-05-08 Fairfield Shipbuilding And Eng Marine propulsion steam turbine installations
US3165897A (en) * 1961-12-15 1965-01-19 Pametrada Steam turbine machinery

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US753433A (en) * 1904-03-01 Superheating system
US1281824A (en) * 1916-05-31 1918-10-15 Charles Algernon Parsons Turbine installations for ship propulsion.
US1712992A (en) * 1924-12-31 1929-05-14 Krupp Ag Turbine locomotive
US1751238A (en) * 1925-05-26 1930-03-18 Babcock & Wilcox Co Steam-power system
US1769472A (en) * 1929-05-13 1930-07-01 Foster Wheeler Corp Steam-power plant
US2586510A (en) * 1948-10-05 1952-02-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp Reheater control for turbine apparatus
US3033002A (en) * 1957-11-08 1962-05-08 Fairfield Shipbuilding And Eng Marine propulsion steam turbine installations
US3165897A (en) * 1961-12-15 1965-01-19 Pametrada Steam turbine machinery

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3813876A (en) * 1972-02-03 1974-06-04 Sulzer Ag Steam power plant for a marine vessel
US3956898A (en) * 1974-12-20 1976-05-18 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Marine vapor generator having low temperature reheater

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6404234A (ru) 1965-03-29
GB1025338A (en) 1966-04-06
BE645903A (ru) 1964-07-16
CH428476A (de) 1967-01-15

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