US3277226A - Viscose rayon fiber and method of making same - Google Patents

Viscose rayon fiber and method of making same Download PDF

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US3277226A
US3277226A US185936A US18593662A US3277226A US 3277226 A US3277226 A US 3277226A US 185936 A US185936 A US 185936A US 18593662 A US18593662 A US 18593662A US 3277226 A US3277226 A US 3277226A
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cellulose
filaments
viscose
bath
fiber
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Gregory C Bockno
Vinci Anthony P Da
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FMC Corp
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FMC Corp
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Priority to NL286597D priority Critical patent/NL286597A/xx
Priority to BE625824D priority patent/BE625824A/xx
Application filed by FMC Corp filed Critical FMC Corp
Priority to US185936A priority patent/US3277226A/en
Priority to GB40934/62A priority patent/GB1010555A/en
Priority to JP37052610A priority patent/JPS4930847B1/ja
Priority to DEA41784A priority patent/DE1296737B/de
Priority to FR917690A priority patent/FR1358404A/fr
Priority to CH1431162A priority patent/CH412192A/fr
Priority to ES283229A priority patent/ES283229A1/es
Priority to SE13339/62A priority patent/SE316563B/xx
Priority to NL62286597A priority patent/NL141251B/xx
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Assigned to KELLOGG CREDIT CORPORATION A DE CORP. reassignment KELLOGG CREDIT CORPORATION A DE CORP. AGREEMENT WHEREBY SAID HELLER AND RAYONIER RELEASES ALL MORTGAGES AND SECURITY INTERESTS HELD BY AVTEX ON APRIL 28, 1978, AND JAN. 11, 1979, RESPECTIVELY AND ASSIGNS ITS ENTIRE INTEREST IN SAID MORT-AGAGE AGREEMENT TO ASSIGNEE (SEE RECORD FOR DETAILS) Assignors: AVTEX FIBERS INC., A NY CORP., ITT RAYONIER INCORPORATED, A DE CORP., WALTER E. HELLER & COMPANY, INC. A NY CORP.
Assigned to WALTER E. HELLER & COMPANY, INC., A CORP. OF DEL. reassignment WALTER E. HELLER & COMPANY, INC., A CORP. OF DEL. AGREEMENT WHEREBY AETNA RELEASES AVTEX FROM ALL MORTAGES AND SECURITY INTERESTS IN SAID INVENTIONS AS OF JANUARY 11,1979, AND ASSIGNS TO ASSIGNEE THE ENTIRE INTEREST IN SAID MORTAGE AGREEMENT TO ASSIGNEE (SEE RECORDS FOR DETAILS). Assignors: AETNA BUSINESS CREDIT, INC., A CORP. OF N.Y., AVTEX FIBERS, INC, A CORP. OF NY, KELLOGG CREDIT CORP., A CORP. OF DEL.
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/46—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes silicones
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
    • D01F2/08—Composition of the spinning solution or the bath
    • D01F2/10—Addition to the spinning solution or spinning bath of substances which exert their effect equally well in either
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
    • D02J1/223—Stretching in a liquid bath

Definitions

  • This invention relates to synthetic fibers, more particularly to a new and novel regenerated cellulose or viscose rayon fiber, to a process for producing such fiber and fabrics containing the fiber.
  • Regenerated cellulose or viscose rayon fibers are, in effect, tailor-made for specific end uses.
  • the specific end use determines the method employed in producing the fibers and the specific composition of the viscose solution and the spinning bath or baths and the specific conditions employed in the methods of production. Slight changes in the composition of the viscose and spinning baths and slight alterations in the methods of production result in fibers having an extremely wide range of properties.
  • One of the principal objects of the present invention is to provide viscose rayon fibers having high strength characteristics and a high wet modulus without being excessively brittle or fibrillatable.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide viscose rayon fibers having a high wet modulus and a low water pick-up and low shrinkage characteristics.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide viscose rayon fibers having a high wet and conditioned modulus and high wet and dry or conditioned strengths.
  • Still another object is to provide a method of forming fibers of the foregoing characteristics at .a reasonably high spinning speed.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a woven fabric containing viscose rayon fibers that may be stabilized against excessive shrinkage by physically compressing the fabric in the direction of its warp.
  • the drawing is a diagrammatic illustration of apparatus for the production of the fibers and for the practice of the present invention.
  • the present invention contemplates the production of a high strength, high wet modulus viscose rayon fiber at a commercially feasible rate of speed by utilizing 3,277,226 Patented Oct. 4, 1966 viscose and a spinning bath both having composition ranges within rather narrow limits, and spinning the viscose under a limited range of conditions.
  • the invention is applicable to the production of continuous filaments or staple fibers in a wide range of deniers, for example, the denier may be from 1.0 to 3.0 or greater in accordance with conventional practice relating to viscose rayon filaments and yarns. It is well known that in the production of synthetic staple fibers, the viscose is converted into a continuous filament and the staple fibers are produced by cutting the continuous filaments to a desired length. In the discussion which follows, the term fiber will be used, and it is to be understood that this term is being used to designate both continuous filament and staple fiber.
  • One of the unique characteristics of the present fiber is its high tenacity or tensile strength in both the wet and dry or conditioned state.
  • the tenacity in the wet state is at least about 3.0 grams per denier.
  • the conditioned state that is, after the fiber has been initially dried and then allowed to remain in an atmosphere having a relative humidity of 58% and a temperature of F. for twenty-four hours, the fiber has a tenacity of at least 4.7 grams per denier.
  • the wet tenacity will vary from about 3.0 to about 3.5 grams per denier and the conditioned tenacity will vary from about 4.7 to about 5.5 grams per denier.
  • the fiber resembles cotton very closely in its wet modulus, shrinkage characteristics and ultimate extensibility or elongation in both the wet and conditioned states. Because of these characteristics, the fiber may replace cotton for many textile purposes or may be blended with cotton. It also possesses the desirable characteristics of other viscose rayon textile fibers with respect to luster, softness and hand. Fabrics formed of the fiber may be stabilized by physically compressing the fabric .in a warpwise direction by Well known methods such as the process associated with the trademark Sanforize as disclosed in the patent to Cluett 1,861,422, May 31, 1932.
  • the fiber of this invention when subjected to a mercerization treatment results in a loss of tensile strength of only 10% In view of the initial high tenacity or tensile strength of the present fiber, such loss in strengthdoes not seriously affect the strength of the cotton blend yarns and fabrics. Furthermore, the ability to stabilize dimensionally the fabrics formed of this fiber by physical treatment of the fabric permits the use of blends of cotton and this new fiber wherein the rayon content may be from 10% or less to about 70% to 75%.
  • the wet modulus as used herein is an average wet modulus and is the amount of stress in grams per denier of the fiber required to stretch the fully wet fiber 5% of its length divided by 0.05 which is the strain.
  • the extensibility or elongation is the amount of stretching generally reported in percentage of the fiber length at the point of breaking of the fiber. Measurements of wet modulus and elongation or extensibility may be made on the conventional Instr-on Tensile Tester by conventional procedure.
  • the wet modulus of the viscose rayon fiber of the present invention varies between about 12 and 20.
  • This characteristic is just slightly less than the corresponding characteristic of cotton fibers and, hence, the fiber stretches to about the same extent as cotton during Weaving and finishing of a woven fabric. This characteristic also contributes to the ability of increasing the rayon content of blends of cotton and rayon to 70% to 75%. This factor is a measure of the resistance of the fiber to stretching or elongation when subjected to tension. The elongation or extensibility of the fiber is generally Within the range of from 15% to 22% when wet and about 12% to 15% in the conditioned state.
  • Woven fabrics formed entirely of these viscose rayon fibers have a residual shrinkage or will shrink after successive washings about or less which is again about the same as untreated cotton fabrics.
  • the residual shrinkage of a woven fabric can be reduced to about 2.2% by subjecting the fabric to a compression treatment in the direction of the warp as shown in the patent to Cluett 1,861,422. This degree of shrinkage is similar to the residual shrinkage for corresponding cotton fabrics.
  • Fabrics formed of the fiber exhibit about the same wet warp tensile strength as those formed of cotton. However, they exhibit a warp tensile strength in a conditioned state of about 25% greater than corresponding cotton fabrics.
  • Prior rayon fibers having a high strength and a high wet modulus have been characterized in having an undesirable property of fibrillating excessively.
  • a very distinctive attribute of the fibers of this invention is their low fibrillation which is about the same as that of conventional textile grade rayon.
  • Fibrillation is the splitting or peeling 01f of portions of the fiber.
  • the portions or fibrils either break off entirely or peel part way from the periphery of the fiber much like a banana is peeled.
  • the fibrillation reduces the size and strength of the fiber, it also makes the fiber appear fuzzy or frayed.
  • Fabrics containing fibers that fibrillate readily and which are dyed appear to change to lighter shades in those areas containing such fiber because of the light-scattering effect of the fibrillated fibers. This is particularly noticeable in fabrics of the dark colors.
  • the amount of fibrillation of the fiber may be determined and measured by the filtering properties or Water fiow number of certain Weight of the fiber that has been beaten in a Waring type mixer or heater for a certain period of time.
  • the Water flow number as used in this specification and in the claims hereof is determined by adding 4 grams of the fiber in 300 grams of water to a Waring type beater where it is beaten for 20 minutes.
  • the fiber in the Water is screened by passing the slurry through an 80 mesh screen which removes the fibrils or particles that are broken off.
  • the screened fiber and 180 grams of water are placed in a Battista HF thimble having a sintered glass filter plate therein.
  • This thimble filter is a standard article of commerce made by the Ace Glass Company of Vineland, New Jersey, and is described in a technical article entitled Hydro Cellulose Water Flow Number by O. A. Battista, J. A. Howsmon and Sidney Coppick in Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, volume 45, page 2107, September 1953.
  • the sintered glass filter has an average pore size of 40 microns and is approximately one and one-quarter inches in diameter and one-sixteenth inch in thickness.
  • the fiber when placed in the thimble with the water is allowed to settle and form a fiber pad on the filter disc.
  • the pressure on the lower side of the filter disc is reduced by an amount equal to a pressure of 60 millimeters of mercury.
  • the liquid is all-owed to flow through the fibrous pad and the sintered glass filter while this slight vacuum is maintained.
  • the time required for 100 cubic centimeters of water to flow through the fiber pad and the sintered glass filter plate is measured in seconds. This number of seconds is the water flow number.
  • the fibers and filaments of this invention are obtained only by a close control and correlation of the viscose composition, the spinning bath composition and the spinning conditions.
  • the viscose contains from 5% to 7% cellulose, from 5% to 10% caustic and from 30% to 38% carbon disulfide, based upon the weight of the cellulose. It is essential that the ratio of the proportions of the cellulose to the caustic soda be maintained within the range of 1:1 to about 121.4.
  • the viscose is formed in the conventional manner and either during its preparation or just prior to spinning is modified by the addition of a viscose or coagulation modifier.
  • a viscose or coagulation modifier A large number of modifiers are known and are in use in the production of the various types of viscose rayon.
  • modifiers include polyoxyalkylene glycols such as polyoxyethylene glycols, polyoxypropylene glycols and block copolymers of propylene and ethylene oxides; tvarious amines including monoamines, diamines and polyamines such as diethylamine, dimethylamine, ethylene diamine and diethylenetriamine; reaction products of alkylene oxides with fatty acids, fatty alcohols, fatty amines, aromatic acids, aromatic alcohols, aromatic amines, partial esters of fatty acids and polyhydric alcohols such as reaction products of ethylene oxide with lauryl alcohol, phenol, lauryl amine, glycerol monostearate, etc.; quaternary ammonium compounds and the like.
  • polyoxyalkylene glycols such as polyoxyethylene glycols, polyoxypropylene glycols and block copolymers of propylene and ethylene oxides
  • tvarious amines including monoamines, diamines and polyamines such as diethylamine, di
  • the amount of modifier may vary from about 2% to about 5%, based on the weight of the cellulose.
  • a combination of modifiers such as a monoamine and a polyoxyalkylene glycol or a polyoxyalkylene glycol ether of an aromatic alcohol or a polyhydric alcohol wherein the glycol or ether has a molecular Weight of between about 600 and about 4000 to 6000; for example, dimethylamine and a polyoxyethylene glycol or a polyethylene glycol ether of phenol or sorbitol having a molecular Weight within the stated range.
  • the monoamine is added in an amount of from about 1.5% to 3.5% and the glycol or ether in an amount of from about 1% to 3%, both proportions being based upon the weight of the cellulose.
  • the viscose is aged (including the mixing and holding periods) from 10 to 30 hours and has a total sulfur content of approximately 1.4% to 1.9% and a xanthate sulfur content of from about 1.0% to 1.4%.
  • the sodium chloride salt test may be between 7 and 9 at the time of spinning and the ball fall is between 55 and 90.
  • the spinning bath may be classed as a low-acid, lowsalt bath and should contain between 6% and 9% sulfuric acid, 2.5% to 7% zinc sulfate and from 10% to 14% sodium sulfate.
  • the temperature of the bath should be maintained between 25 C. and 40 C. and the spinning speed may be between 20 and 40 meters per minute.
  • the filaments prior to washing are passed through a second bath or stretch bath maintained at a temperature between C. and C. and the filaments are stretched from about to about during their travel through this bath.
  • the stretch bath may be a hot water bath or may contain from 1% to 5% sulfuric acid, about 1% to ;l% zinc sulfate and from about 4% to 7% sodium sulate.
  • Filaments and fibers produced from the viscose and spun under the foregoing conditions possess the properties and characteristics as described herein.
  • a trough or tank 1 is provided as a container for the spinning bath 2 which is generally recirculated in practice. Means for circulating the bath are not shown, such means being conventional in the art.
  • a spinneret 3 mounted at the end of rounder 4 is positioned in the tank 2 being submerged in the spinning bath. The viscose is delivered from a suitable source (not shown) to the rounder and is extruded through the spinneret to form the filaments 5 which upon leaving the spinning bath pass to positively driven godet 6 and then on to a second positively driven godet 7.
  • the godet 7 - is driven at a speed greater than godet 6 and the relative speeds of the godets are selected so as to provide for the required stretching of the filaments between the two godets.
  • a trough 8 Interposed between the godets, there is mounted a trough 8 through which a second or stretching bath is passed.
  • the stretching bath is maintained at a high temperature which plasticizes to some extent the filaments and permits a higher degree of stretching.
  • the stretching bath also effects a further regeneration of the cellulose in the coagulated and partially regenerated filaments formed in the spinning bath 2.
  • the filaments may be passed through suitable aftertreatment zones and then collected on a cone or in a conventional spinning box or bucket.
  • the filaments may pass from godet 7 to a suitable cutting device wherein the filaments are cut to form the staple fibers of a desired length.
  • the staple fibers are then deposited as a mat and the mat of fibers then subjected to the required aftertreatments.
  • Viscose was prepared by treatment of pulp sheets (high alpha cellulose, viscose grade pulp) with caustic soda, shredding the resulting alkali cellulose, xanthating the alkali cellulose and dissolving it in a caustic sod-a solution.
  • the viscose so prepared contained 6% cellulose, 7% caustic soda and 34% carbon disulfide based upon the weight of the cellulose. In this specific example, the cellulose to caustic soda ratio was 1.0 to 1.17.
  • the viscose was then aged in the conventional manner at 18 C. for 12 hours. The viscose at the time of spinning had a sodium chloride salt test of 8.0, a ball fall viscosity of 60 to 75 seconds.
  • the total sulfur content was 1.6% to 1.7% and the xanthate sulfur was 1.1% to 1.2%. 3.3% dimethylamine and 1.7% of a polyoxyethylene glycol ether of phenol containing an average of 15 ethylene oxide units per mole of phenol was incorporated in the viscose during the mixing operation.
  • the dimethylamine and phenol ether may be added at any stage in the preparation of the viscose.
  • the viscose was spun to form a 1.5 denier, 12,000 filament yarn by extrusion of the viscose through orifices about 0.0025 in. in diameter into a spinning bath containing 7% sulfuric acid, 11% sodium sulfate and 4% zinc sulfate, the spinning bath being maintained at a temperature of about 30 C.
  • the filaments were withdrawn from the bath, passed over a first godet, through a hot second bath, over a second godet and then collected and after-treated.
  • the second bath was formed by diluting some of the spinning bath and contained about 3% sulfuric acid, about 1.5% zinc sulfate and about 5% sodium sulfate and was maintained at a temperature of about 95 C.
  • the spinning speed was about 25 meters per minute. After collecting the rfilaments, they were washed, desulfurized and bleached by conventional treatments.
  • the Wet Stiffness Factor is the wet strength in grams per denier divided by the percent elongation in a wet state.
  • the Single Fiber Flex is measured on a Fiber Flex Tester made by Fiber Test Inc., Arcweld Building, Grove City, Pennsylvania. This testing machine measures the resistance of single fibers to fatigue in flexure.
  • a fiber is secured to a reciprocating element and passes over a carefully machined bar having an edge closely ground to a diameter of approximately 0.005 inch and the other end of the filament is secured to a small weight.
  • the element is reciprocated, the filament is drawn across the edge of the bar.
  • the number of cycles up to the time the filament breaks is recorded.
  • 10 filaments were subjected to this test and the number of cycles is reported at the time the sixth of the ten fibers fail. This is considered the median value.
  • the corresponding Single Fiber Flex Test for cotton showed 69,000 cycles. This test is directly related to the wear properties of fabrics formed of the specific fibers. This method of testing fibers is described in an article by Lefferdink and Briar Interpretation of Fiber Properties published in Textile Research Journal, volume 29, June 1969.
  • the fibrillation is measured by subjecting the fibers to the action of a Waring type beater for 20 minutes and examining fibers under the microscope.
  • Staple fibers as described in the foregoing example having a length of 1 and a... inch were spun to form a 30/ 1 yarn which was then woven into a standard '64 x 62 challis construction.
  • Samples of the fabric were processed in the usual manner by singeing, desizing, scouring, bleaching and drying. Certain samples were subjected to a conventional Sanforizing treatment and other samples were subjected to a conventional resin treatment using a 5% solution of a urea-formaldehyde resin (dimethylol urea-Rhonite R 1, manufactured by Rohm & Haas Co., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania).
  • the plain finished fabric samples when subjected to 10 successive boiling washes in accordance with Test Method 5550 of Federal Specifications CCC-T-19 LB exhibit a progressive shrinking of about 7.2% in the warp direction and about 2.4% in the filling direction.
  • the progressive shrinkage after the tenth wash is somewhat higher than that of the corresponding cotton fabrics, being about 2.6% in both the Warp and filling directions.
  • the warp tensile strength of the fabrics in a conditioned state was about 84 pounds as compared to a tensile strength of 63 pounds for a corresponding cotton fabric.
  • the fabric tensile strengths were measured by the conventional grab test method on a Scott DH Tester. -In the wet condition, fabrics formed in accordance with the present invention showed a Warp tensile strength of about 70 pounds as compared to a tensile strength of 72 pounds for the corresponding cotton fabric.
  • the fabrics of the present invention in a conditioned state showed a tensile strength of 8.1 pounds as compared to a tensile strength of 35 pounds for the corresponding cotton fabric.
  • the fabrics of this invention showed a '63 pound tensile strength as compared to a 37 pound tensile strength in the case of the cotton fabrics.
  • the tear strength of the fabrics of this invention were 8 pounds as compared to 1.4 pounds for the cotton 8 to 70% by weight of the fabric of regenerated cellulose fibers as defined in claim 1.
  • a method 'of forming regenerated cellulose filaments which comprises extruding viscose containing about fabrics. 5 6% cellulose, about 7% caustic soda, about 34% carbon
  • the foregoing example represents the predisulfide, based upon the weight of the cellulose, about ferred viscose and bath compositions and the spinning 3.3% dimethylamine, based upon the weight of the celluconditions
  • the fibers formed as described are representalose, and about 1.7% of a polyoxyethylene glycol ether tive of fibers formed Within the ranges set forth hereinof phenol, based upon the weight of the cellulose, containabove.
  • a method of forming regenerated cellulose fibers designated by the letter A contained 3.3% dimethylamine which comprises extruding viscose containing from about and 1.7% of a polyoxyethylene glycol having a degree of 5% to 7% cellulose, from about 5% to 10% caustic soda, polymerization of about 35 (Carbowax 1540).
  • Samples the ratio of the percentage of cellulose to the percentage designated by the letter B contained 3.3% dimethylamine of caustic soda being from 1:1 to about 1:1.4, from and 1.7% of a polyoxyethylene glycol ether of phenol to 38% carbon disulfide, based upon the weight of the containing an average of 15 ethylene oxide units per mole cellulose, and from about 2% to 5%, based upon the of phenol.
  • the proportion of additive weight of the cellulose, of a viscose modifier selected is based upon the weight of the cellulose. from the group consisting of polyoxyalkylene glycols,
  • composition of the spinning 30 block copolymers of propylene and ethylene oxides, monobath varied and the temperature of the spinning bath was amines, diamines, polyamines, reaction products of alkylvaried within the ranges set forth hercinabove.
  • the secene oxides with fatty acids, fatty amines, aromatic acids, 0nd or stretch bath had approximately the same composiaromatic alcohols, aromatic amines, partial esters of fatty tion as that set forth in the detailed example.
  • the samacids and polyhydric alcohols, quaternary ammonium ples designated by the letter A were spun at a speed of 27 compounds and mixtures thereof, into a spinning bath meters per minute and the samples designated by the containing 6% to 9% sulfuric acid, 2.5% to 7% zinc letter B were spun at 25 meters per minute.
  • sulfate and from 10% to 14% sodium sulfate maintained
  • the tenacity in the wet state is set forth in grams per at a temperature between 25 C. and C. to form denier and the elongation is reported in percentage in the coagulated and partially regenerated cellulose filaments, wet state.
  • the wet stiffness is represented by the wet 40 withdrawing the filaments from the spinning bath, passstrength divided by the elongation. ing the filaments through an aqueous stretch bath main- Table II Spin Bath Fiber Properties Viscose Percent Temp. Percent, Wet Percent. I'IzSO4 0. Stretch Denier Stifiness Percent Percent T g/d Ew Mw ZnSOl NagSO4 Percent While preferred embodiments of the invention have tained at a temperature between C. and C. and been shown and described, it is to be understood that stretching the filaments in the stretch bath from about changes and variations may be made without departing to about from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in 6. A method as defined in claim 5 wherein the viscose the appended claims.
  • a regenerated cellulose fiber having a wet tenacity ing a molecular weight of between about 600 and about of at least 3 grams per denier, a conditioned tenacity of 6000, the proportions being based upon the weight of the at least 4.7 grams per denier, a wet modulus of between cellulose in the viscose, the viscose at the time of exabout 12 and 20, a wet extensibility of between about 70.
  • trusion has a sodium chloride salt test of between 7 and 15% and 22% and being further characterized in being 9 and the stretch bath contains from 1% to 5% sulfuric :non-fibrillatable. acid, from 1% to 4% zinc sulfate and from 4% to 7% 2.
  • a fabric consisting essentially of cotton and from 75 contains from about 1.5% to 3.5% dimethylamine and from about 1% to 3% of a polyoxyalkylene glycol ether of phenol having a molecular weight of between about 600 and about 6000, the proportions being based upon the weight of the cellulose in the viscose, the viscose at the time of extrusion has a sodium chloride salt test of between 7 and 9 and the stretch bath contains from 1% to 5% sulfuric acid, from 1% to 4% zinc sulfate and from 4% to 7% sodium sulfate.

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US185936A 1962-04-09 1962-04-09 Viscose rayon fiber and method of making same Expired - Lifetime US3277226A (en)

Priority Applications (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL286597D NL286597A (US20030220297A1-20031127-C00009.png) 1962-04-09
BE625824D BE625824A (US20030220297A1-20031127-C00009.png) 1962-04-09
US185936A US3277226A (en) 1962-04-09 1962-04-09 Viscose rayon fiber and method of making same
GB40934/62A GB1010555A (en) 1962-04-09 1962-10-30 Regenerated cellulose filaments and fibres, methods of forming them, and fabrics containing such fibres
JP37052610A JPS4930847B1 (US20030220297A1-20031127-C00009.png) 1962-04-09 1962-11-29
DEA41784A DE1296737B (de) 1962-04-09 1962-12-04 Verfahren zum Herstellen von Faeden und Fasern aus Regeneratcellulose
FR917690A FR1358404A (fr) 1962-04-09 1962-12-06 Procédé de fabrication de fibres de cellulose régénérée et produits textiles résultants
CH1431162A CH412192A (fr) 1962-04-09 1962-12-10 Procédé pour former des filaments de cellulose régénérée et filaments formés par ce procédé
ES283229A ES283229A1 (es) 1962-04-09 1962-12-10 Método de formar filamentos de celulosa regenerada
SE13339/62A SE316563B (US20030220297A1-20031127-C00009.png) 1962-04-09 1962-12-11
NL62286597A NL141251B (nl) 1962-04-09 1962-12-12 Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van draden van geregenereerde cellulose.

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US3341645A (en) * 1963-03-07 1967-09-12 Teijin Ltd Method of producing viscose rayon staple and a spinning apparatus for use in the method
US3423499A (en) * 1965-02-18 1969-01-21 Fmc Corp Process for spinning modified xanthated polymers
US3434913A (en) * 1964-12-28 1969-03-25 Fmc Corp Viscose rayon fiber and method of making same
US3455862A (en) * 1966-03-28 1969-07-15 Monsanto Co Dispersions in acrylonitrile polymer solutions
US3529052A (en) * 1963-02-26 1970-09-15 Fmc Corp Method of manufacturing rayon fiber
US4121012A (en) * 1973-07-05 1978-10-17 Avtex Fibers Inc. Crimped, high-strength rayon yarn and method for its preparation
US4242405A (en) * 1979-01-15 1980-12-30 Avtex Fibers Inc. Viscose rayon and method of making same
EP0049710A1 (en) * 1980-10-13 1982-04-21 Avtex Fibers Inc. Crimped regenerated cellulose fibers, a method for their preparation and fabrics comprising them
US4416698A (en) * 1977-07-26 1983-11-22 Akzona Incorporated Shaped cellulose article prepared from a solution containing cellulose dissolved in a tertiary amine N-oxide solvent and a process for making the article
US20130270059A1 (en) * 2010-12-13 2013-10-17 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co.KG Method for producing a friction body

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JPH0484993U (US20030220297A1-20031127-C00009.png) * 1990-11-30 1992-07-23
DE10030648A1 (de) * 2000-06-29 2002-01-10 Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh Verwendung von Alkylpolyglucosiden als Modifizierungsmittel zur Hertellung von Cellulosefasern nach dem Viskoseverfahren
JP4546208B2 (ja) * 2004-09-30 2010-09-15 ダイワボウレーヨン株式会社 ビスコースレーヨン繊維とその製造方法、及びビスコースレーヨン繊維集合体

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US3038778A (en) * 1957-06-21 1962-06-12 American Enka Corp Manufacture of viscose rayon
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US3057039A (en) * 1958-04-21 1962-10-09 Celanese Corp Wet spun cellulose triacetate
US3063786A (en) * 1955-12-05 1962-11-13 American Viscose Corp Preparing viscose rayon
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US3107970A (en) * 1960-10-04 1963-10-22 Toho Rayon Kk Process for the manufacture of high tenacity viscose rayon
US3112158A (en) * 1959-07-02 1963-11-26 Fmc Corp Method of producing shaped bodies of regenerated cellulose from viscose and spinning solution and bath therefor

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AT200712B (de) * 1956-10-12 1958-11-25 Glanzstoff Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung hochfester Fäden u. dgl. aus regenerierter Cellulose
GB879946A (en) * 1957-02-11 1961-10-11 Tatsuji Tachikawa Process for the manufacture of highly polymerized viscose rayon

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US2732279A (en) * 1951-12-07 1956-01-24 Shozo tachikawa
US2937922A (en) * 1954-03-24 1960-05-24 Rayonier Inc Viscose process
US3019509A (en) * 1954-05-21 1962-02-06 Beaunit Mills Inc Crimped regenerated cellulose fibers
GB808838A (en) * 1955-05-09 1959-02-11 Courtaulds Ltd Improvements in and relating to the production of artificial filaments, yarns, threads and the like from viscose
US3063786A (en) * 1955-12-05 1962-11-13 American Viscose Corp Preparing viscose rayon
US2893820A (en) * 1956-07-16 1959-07-07 Du Pont Process for the production of regenerated cellulose filaments
US2975023A (en) * 1956-07-25 1961-03-14 Courtaulds Ltd Production of regenerated cellulose filaments
US3038778A (en) * 1957-06-21 1962-06-12 American Enka Corp Manufacture of viscose rayon
US3057039A (en) * 1958-04-21 1962-10-09 Celanese Corp Wet spun cellulose triacetate
US2997365A (en) * 1958-08-12 1961-08-22 Courtaulds Ltd Production of regenerated cellulose filaments
GB915803A (en) * 1958-08-12 1963-01-16 Courtaulds Ltd Improvements relating to the production of regenerated cellulose filaments
US3112158A (en) * 1959-07-02 1963-11-26 Fmc Corp Method of producing shaped bodies of regenerated cellulose from viscose and spinning solution and bath therefor
US3034910A (en) * 1959-07-31 1962-05-15 Buckeye Cellulose Corp Production of regenerated cellulose filaments from wood pulp
US3046085A (en) * 1959-09-16 1962-07-24 Midland Ross Corp Viscose spinning solution and process
US3107970A (en) * 1960-10-04 1963-10-22 Toho Rayon Kk Process for the manufacture of high tenacity viscose rayon
US3083075A (en) * 1962-07-09 1963-03-26 William R Saxton Process of manufacturing regenerated cellulose fiber

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3529052A (en) * 1963-02-26 1970-09-15 Fmc Corp Method of manufacturing rayon fiber
US3341645A (en) * 1963-03-07 1967-09-12 Teijin Ltd Method of producing viscose rayon staple and a spinning apparatus for use in the method
US3434913A (en) * 1964-12-28 1969-03-25 Fmc Corp Viscose rayon fiber and method of making same
US3423499A (en) * 1965-02-18 1969-01-21 Fmc Corp Process for spinning modified xanthated polymers
US3455862A (en) * 1966-03-28 1969-07-15 Monsanto Co Dispersions in acrylonitrile polymer solutions
US4121012A (en) * 1973-07-05 1978-10-17 Avtex Fibers Inc. Crimped, high-strength rayon yarn and method for its preparation
US4416698A (en) * 1977-07-26 1983-11-22 Akzona Incorporated Shaped cellulose article prepared from a solution containing cellulose dissolved in a tertiary amine N-oxide solvent and a process for making the article
US4242405A (en) * 1979-01-15 1980-12-30 Avtex Fibers Inc. Viscose rayon and method of making same
EP0049710A1 (en) * 1980-10-13 1982-04-21 Avtex Fibers Inc. Crimped regenerated cellulose fibers, a method for their preparation and fabrics comprising them
US20130270059A1 (en) * 2010-12-13 2013-10-17 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co.KG Method for producing a friction body
US9890817B2 (en) * 2010-12-13 2018-02-13 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Method for producing a friction body

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH412192A (fr) 1966-04-30
BE625824A (US20030220297A1-20031127-C00009.png)
ES283229A1 (es) 1963-02-01
NL286597A (US20030220297A1-20031127-C00009.png)
SE316563B (US20030220297A1-20031127-C00009.png) 1969-10-27
JPS4930847B1 (US20030220297A1-20031127-C00009.png) 1974-08-16
GB1010555A (en) 1965-11-17
DE1296737B (de) 1969-06-04
NL141251B (nl) 1974-02-15

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