US3009763A - Process of producing all skin rayon - Google Patents
Process of producing all skin rayon Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3009763A US3009763A US727054A US72705458A US3009763A US 3009763 A US3009763 A US 3009763A US 727054 A US727054 A US 727054A US 72705458 A US72705458 A US 72705458A US 3009763 A US3009763 A US 3009763A
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- Prior art keywords
- viscose
- skin
- cellulose
- cresol
- filaments
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
- D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
- D01F2/08—Composition of the spinning solution or the bath
- D01F2/10—Addition to the spinning solution or spinning bath of substances which exert their effect equally well in either
Definitions
- a suitable cellulosic material such as purified cotton linters, wood pulp, mixtures thereof, and the like is first converted to an alkali cellulose by treatment with a caustic soda solution and after shredding the treated cellulose material, it is allowed to age.
- the aged alkali cellulose is then converted to a xanthate by treatment with carbon disulfide.
- the cellulose xanthate is subsequently dissolved in a caustic soda solution in an amount calculated to provide a viscose of the desired cellulose and alkali content.
- the viscose solution is allowed to ripen and is subsequently extruded through a shaped orifice into a suitable coagulating and regenerating bath.
- the viscose solution is extruded through a spinneret into a coagulating and regenerating bath consisting of an aqueous acid solution containing zinc sulfate.
- the filamen-t may subsequently be passed through a hot aqueous bath where it is stretched to improve its properties such as tensile strength.
- the filament may then be passed through a dilute aqueous solution of sulfuric acid and sodium sulfate to complete the regeneration of the cellulose, in case it is not completely regenerated upon leaving the stretching stage.
- the filament is subsequently subjected to washing, purification, bleaching, possibly other treating operations and drying;being collected either before or after these treatments.
- the filaments as formed by the conventional methods consist of a skin or outer shell portion and a large core portion with a sharp line of demarkation between the two.
- the cross-section of the filaments exhibits a very irregular or crenulated exterior surface when even small amounts of zinc salts or certain other polyvalent metal salts are present in the spinning bath.
- the skin and core portions of the filament represent differences in structure and these different portions possess different swelling and staining characteristics, the latter permitting a ready identification of skin and core.
- the sharply irregular and crenulated surface structure has a relatively low abrasion resistance and readily picks up foreign particles such as dirt.
- the core portion possesses a relatively high tensile strength, it has a low abrasion resistance and a low flex-life, is subject to fibrillation and is relatively stiif.
- This invention contemplates the use of such compounds as are more technically classed as polyoxyalkylene glycol ethers of cresol such as, for example, the ethers of ethylene and propylene glycols and cresol.
- adducts or ethers may be derived from the o-, mor p-forms of cresol or from the commercial grades of cresol which consist of a mixture of all three forms or from commercial cresylic acid which is the high cresol-containing fractions distilled from coal tar.
- the adducts may consist of a mixture of ethers having polyalkylene oxide chains of different length or having polyalkylene oxide chains of substantially the same length.
- the polyoxyalkylene content of the adducts or ethers should contain an average of at least 4 alkylene oxides such as ethylene oxide units per molecule of cresol, and may be as high as 50 to 100 units, however, there appears to be a tendency of unstability with the higher number of alkylene oxide units.
- the preferred ethers contain from about 6 to about 25 ethylene oxide units per molecule of cresol.
- the production of the high percentage and particularly the all skin products requires that certain minimum amounts of the ether be in solution in the viscose. It is obvious, therefore, that the ether must have a sufiicient solubility whereby the minimum amount can be dissolved in the viscose, that is, the ether must be alkalisoluble to at least this extent.
- the adducts or ethers may be conveniently added to the viscose in the form of a solution in water or in a caustic soda solution.
- the amount of the adduct which is incorporated in the viscose must be at least about 0.25% by weight of the cellulose in the viscose and may vary up to about 3.5% to 4%, preferably, the amount varies from 0.5% to 2%. Lesser amounts do not result in the production of products consisting of at least skin and greater amounts affect adversely the physical properties of the products. Amounts within the preferred range are most effective in enhancing the characteristics and properties of the products.
- the adduct may be added at any desired stage in the production of the viscose such as in the preparation of the refined wood pulp for the manufacture of viscose, before or during the shredding of the alkali cellulose, to the xanthated cellulose while it is being dissolved in the caustic solution or to the viscose solution before or after filtration.
- the adduct is preferably added after the cellulose xanthate has been dissolved in the caustic solution and prior to filtration.
- the viscose may contain from about 4% to about 9% cellulose, the particular source of the cellulose being selected for the ultimate use of the regenerated cellulose product.
- the caustic soda content may be from about 4% to about 11% and the carbon disulfide content may be from about 30% to about 60% based upon the weight of the cellulose.
- 'Ihe modified viscose that is, a viscose containing a small amount of the ether or adduct, should have a sodium chloride salt test number above about 7 and preberably about 9 or higher at the time of spinning or extrusion.
- the salt test is an indication of both the amount of carbon disulfide added to the viscose and the degree of aging.
- the salt test number is the minimum percent concentration of sodium chloride solution at 18 (3. required to coagulate 3 drops of viscose. It is determined by dropping the viscose in-to a beaker containing about 40 cc. of sodium chloride solution at 18 C. while stirring. Stirring is continued for 90 seconds after the last drop of viscose has been added.
- the carbon disulfide added in preparing the viscose should be at least 32%, based on the bone dry cellulose content, and preferably of the order of 35% to 50%.
- the spinning bath used in the practice of the present invention is a low acid-high zinc spinning bath.
- the bath should contain from about 10% to about 25% sodium sulfate and from about 3% to about 15% zinc sulfate, preferably from 15% to 22% sodium sulfate and from 5% to 12% zinc sulfate.
- Other metal sulfates such as iron, manganese, nickel and the like may be present and may replace some of the zinc sulfate.
- the temperature of the spinning bath may vary from about 25 C. to about 80 C., though at the lower temperatures the higher concentrations of sodium sulfate cannot be used because of the difiiculty of solubility. However, at the preferred temperatures of between about 45 C.
- the temperature of the spinning bath is not critical. However, as is well known in the conventional practice in the art, certain of the physical properties such as tensile strength are affected by the temperature of the spinning bath. Thus, in the production of filaments for tire cord purposes in accordance with the method of this invention, the spinning bath is preferably maintained at a temperature between about 55 C. and 65 C. so as obtain the desired high tensile strength.
- the acidcontent of the spinning bath is balanced against the composition of the viscose.
- the lower limit of the acid concentration is just above the slubbing point, that is, the concentration at which small slubs of uncoagulated viscose appear in the strand as it leaves the spinning bath.
- the carbon disulfide content of the viscose should preferably be at least 35% based on the dry cellulose.
- the acid content of the spinning bath should preferably not exceed about 9% while the zinc sulfate should preferably be within the range of about 5% to 12%.
- the acid concentration of the bath not exceed about 9%, all skin products will be obtained at higher acid concentrations up to as high as 11% to 12% if the carbon disulfide content of the viscose is sufficiently increased and the zinc sulfate of the spinning bath is not appreciably below 8.0%.
- the term slubbing point will be used.
- This lower acid concentration is readily determined by those skilled in the art through observance of the fibers as formed and has no particular effect on the production of high skin or all skin products in practicing the present invention.
- the lower limit of sulfuric acid required in order to give sufficient coagulation for spinning is about 6%.
- Another way of stating this is that an acid concentration of about 6% is slightly above the slubbing point. It is apparent that for viscose with higher caustic content, a slightly higher acid concentration would be required due to the partial neutralizing effect of the increased caustic.
- the acid concentration may be increased as the amount of additive is increased and also as the salt test of the viscose is increased. There is an upper limit, however, for the acid concentration based upon the amount of modifier and the concentration of caustic in the viscose. All skin products cannot be obtained if the acid content of the bath is increased above the maximum value although the amount of added modifier is increased to as much as 4% while other conditions are maintained constant.
- the carbon disulfide content By increasing the carbon disulfide content to 45%, however, and increasing the zinc carbon disulfide of the viscose as based on the dry cellulose and is preferably maintained between about 0.20 and 0.22 times the carbon disulfide content of the viscose. It is also generally preferred that the acid content of the spinning bath not exceed about 1.35 times the caustic soda content of the viscose.
- the filaments are preferably stretched after removal from the initial coagulating and regenerating bath.
- the filaments may be passed through a hot aqueous bath which may consist of hot water or a dilute acid solution and may be stretched from about 70% to about 120%, preferably between 80% and 100%.
- Yarns for other textile purposes may be stretched as low as 20%. The precise amount of stretching will be dependent upon the desired tenacity and other properties and the specific type of product being produced. It is to be understood that the invention is not restricted to the production of filaments and yarns but it is also applicable to other shaped bodies such as sheets, films, tubes and the like.
- the filaments may then be passed through a final regenerating bath which may contain from about 1% to about 5% sulfuric acid and from about 1% to about 5% sodium sulfate with or without small amounts of zinc sulfate if regeneration has not previously been completed.
- the treatment following the final regenerating bath, or the stretching operation where regeneration has been completed may consist of a washing step , a desulfurizing step, the application of a finishing or plasticizing material and drying before or after collecting, or may include other desired and conventional steps such as bleaching and the like.
- the treatment after regeneration will be dictated by the specific type of shaped body and the proposed use thereof.
- Regenerated cellulose filaments prepared from viscose containing the small amounts of alkylene oxide adducts of cresol and spun in the spinning baths of limited acid content have a smooth or non-crenulated surface and consist entirely of skin. Because of the uniformity of structure throughout the filament, the swelling and staining characteristics are uniform throughout the cross-section of the filament. Filaments produced pursuant to this invention and consisting entirely of skin have a high toughness and a greater flexing life than filaments as produced according to prior methods which may be attributed by the uniformity in skin structure throughout the filament.
- the invention is illustrated in the examples which oxide adduct of cresol (commercial mixture of o-, mand p-cresol) containing an average of about 8 ethylene oxide units per molecule of cresol, the viscose containing about 8% cellulose, about 7.5% caustic soda, and having a total carbon disulfide content of about 35% based on the weight of the cellulose.
- the viscose solutions were prepared by xanthating alkali cellulose by the introduction of 35% carbon disulfide based on the weight of the cellulose and churning for about 2% hours. The cellulose xanthate was then dissolved in caustic soda solution.
- the desired amount of the ethylene oxide adduct of cresol was added to the solution and mixed for about /2 hour.
- the proportions of the cresol derivatives are expressed as the percentage by weight of the cellu lose in the viscose. The viscose was then allowed to ripen or about 30 hours at 18 C.
- Example 1 Approximately 0.5% (based on the weight of the cellulose) of the ethylene oxide adduct of cresol was added to and incorporated in the viscose as described above.
- the viscose employed in the spinning of filaments had a salt test of 14.5 and was extruded through a spinneret to form a 200 denier, 120 filament yarn at a rate of about 22 meters per minute.
- the coagulating and regenerating bath was maintained at a temperature of about 60 C. and contained 8.7% sulfuric acid, 8% zinc sulfate and 18% sodium sulfate.
- the yarn was stretched about 82% while passing through a hot water bath at C. The yarn was collected in a spinning box, washed free of acids and salts and dried.
- the individual filaments have a smooth, non-crenulated exterior surface and consist entirely of skin, no core being detectable at high magnification (e.g. l500).
- the filaments of a control yarn spun with the same viscose but without the addition of the modifying agent and spun under the same conditions exhibit a very irregular and serrated surface and are composed of about 70% to 75% skin and the balance core with a sharp line of demarkation between the skin and core.
- Other physical properties are set forth in the table which follows the examples.
- Example 2 To a viscose as described above, there was added 0.5% of the ethylene oxide adduct of cresol.
- Theviscose had a salt test of 13 and was spun into a 200 denier, filament yarn by extrusion into a spinning bath containing 8.2% sulfuric acid, 8% zinc sulfate and 18% sodium sulfate. The bath was maintained at 60 C. and the extrusion rate was about 22 meters per minute. The filaments were subsequently passed through a hot water bath at 95 C. and stretched about 82%. The yarn was collected in a spinning box, washed free of acids and salts and dried.
- the indiw'dual filaments were readily distinguishable from control filaments in that they have a smooth, noncrenulated surface and consist entirely of skin while the control filaments have a very irregular and serrated surface and consist of about 70% to 75% skin and the balance core with a sharp line of demarkation between the skin and core.
- Other physical properties are set forth in the table which follows the examples.
- Example 3 To a viscose solution as described above, there was added 0.5% of the ethylene oxide adduct of cresol.
- the viscose had a salt test of 9.3 and was spun into a 200 denier, 120 filament yarn by extrusion into a bath containing 8.5% sulfuric acid, 8% zinc sulfate and 17% sodium sulfate. The bath was maintained at a temperature of 60 C. The extrusion rate was about 22 meters per minute. The water bath was maintained at about 95 C. and the filaments were stretched approximately 82% while passing through the hot water. The yarn was collected in a spinning box, washed free of acid and salts and dried.
- control filaments were readily distinguishable from control filaments prepared from viscose containing no modifier in that they have a smooth, non-crenulated surface and consist entirely of skin.
- Control filaments have a very irregular and serrated surface and consist of about 70% to 75% skin and the balance core with a sharp line of demarkation between the skin and core.
- Other physical properties are set forth in the table which follows the examples.
- Example 4 To a viscose solution, prepared as described above, there was added 1% of the ethylene oxide adduct of cresol. The viscose had a salt test of 13.6 and was spun into a 200 denier, 120 filament yarn by extrusion into a bath containing 8.4% sulfuric acid, 8% zinc sulfate and 18% sodium sulfate. The bath was maintained at a temperature of about 60 C. The extrusion rate was about 22 meters per minute. The water bath was main tained at a temperature of about 95 C. and the filaments were stretched 82% while passing through the hot water. The yarn was collected in a spinning box, washed free of acid and salts and dried.
- control filaments were readily distinguishable from control filaments prepared from viscose containing no modifier in that they have a smooth, non-crenulated surface and consist entirely of skin.
- Control filaments have a very irregular and serrated surface and consist of about 70% to 75% skin and the balance core with a sharp line of demarkation between the skin and the core.
- Other characteristics are set forth in the table which follows the examples.
- the following example illustrates the effect of the lower zinc content of the spinning bath and spinning of the modified viscose at a lower salt test.
- Example 1 To a viscose solution, prepared as described above, there was added 1% of the ethylene oxide adduct of cresol.
- the viscose had a salt test of 9.8 and was spun into a 200 denier, 120 filament yarn by extrusion into a bath containing 8.5% sulfuric acid, 5.3% zinc sulfate and 20% sodium sulfate. The bath was maintained at a temperature of about 60 C. The extrusion rate was about 22 meters per minute.
- the water bath was maintained at a temperature of about 95 C. and the filaments were stretched 82% while passing through the hot water.
- the yarn was collected in a spinning box, washed free of acid and salts and dried.
- control filaments were readily distinguishable from control filaments prepared from viscose containing no modifier in that they have a smooth, non-crenulated surface and consist of at least 95% skin.
- Control filaments have a very irregular and serrated surface and consist of about 70% to 75% skin and balance core with a sharp line of demarkation between the skin and the core.
- Other characteristics are set forth in the table which follows:
- NNNNNP mane-anew Hemeecroc the ease and simplicity with which such properties may be determined.
- products made in accordance with this invention do not exhibit improvements in tenacity and elongation, however, the products consist of a smooth-surfaced, all skin structure and p sess improved abrasion resistance, flex-life and other properties as disclosed hereinbefore.
- the filaments of Example 5 did not consist entirely of skin, they have somewhat greater physical strengths and also have smooth surfaces.
- the alkylene oxide adducts of cresol may be added to any desired viscose such as those normally used in indus try, the specific viscose composition set forth above, being merely for illustrative purposes.
- the modifying agent may be added at any desired stage in the production of the viscose and may be present in the cellulosic raw material although it may be necessary to adjust the amount present to produce a viscose having the proper proportions of the cresol derivatives at the time of spinning.
- modifying agent may be added to the spinning bath. Since the modifying agents are water-soluble to some extent, some of the modifier will be leached from the filaments and will be present in the bath.
- creso is used herein and in the claims in a generic sense to include the pure forms of cresol, the commercial grades of cresol containing a mixture of the three isomers and such commercial grades as the coal tar fractions which are predominantly a mixture of the three isomers and are in some instances termed cresylic acid.
- the term skin is employed to designate that portion of regenerated cellulose filaments which is permanently stained or dyed by the following procedure: A microtome section of one or more of the filaments mounted in a wax block is taken and mounted on a slide with Myers albumin fixative. After dewaxing in xylene, the section is placed in successive baths of 60% and 30% alcohol for a few moments each, and it is then stained in 2% aqueous solution of Victoria Blue BS conc. (General Dyestufis Corp.) for 1 to 2 hours. At this point, the entire section is blue.
- Victoria Blue BS conc. General Dyestufis Corp.
- the dye By rinsing the section first in distilled water and then in one or more baths composed of -10% water and dioxane for a period varying from 5 to 30 minutes depending on the particular filament, the dye is entirely removed from the core, leaving it restricted to the skin areas.
- a method of producing shaped bodies of regenerated cellulose having an enhanced percentage of skin comprising extruding viscose containing at least 30% carbon disulfide, based on the weight of the cellulose in the viscose, and containing from about 0.25% to 4%, based on the weight of the cellulose in the viscose, of an alkali-soluble polyoxyalkylene glycol ether of cresol containing at least 4 alkylene oxide units per molecule of cresol, into an aqueous spinning bath containing from about 10% to 25% sodium sulfate, from about 3% to 15% zinc sulfate and sulfuric acid, the percentage sulfuric acid content of the spinning bath exceeding the slubbing point but not exceeding about 0.25 times the percent carbon disulfide based on the cellulose in the viscose.
- polyoxyalkylene glycol ether is a polyoxyethylene glycol ether of cresol containing from 6 to 26 ethylene oxide units per molecule of cresol.
- a method of producing shaped bodies of regenerated cellulose having an enhanced percentage of skin the steps which comprise adding to and incorporating in viscose containing at least 30% carbon disulfide, based on the weight of the cellulose in the viscose, from about 0.25% to 4%, based on the weight of the cellulose in the viscose, of an alkali-soluble polyoxyalkylene glycol ether of cresol containing at least 4 alkylene oxide units per molecule of cresol, ripening the viscose to a sodium chloride salt test of not lower than about 7 and extruding the viscose into an aqueous spinning bath containing from about 10% to 25% sodium sulfate, from about 3% to 15% zinc sulfate and sulfuric acid, the sulfuric acid content of the spinning bath exceeding the slubbing point but not exceeding about 10.5%.
- polyoxyalkylene glycol ether is a polyoxyethylene glycol ether of cresol containing from 6 to 25 ethylene oxide units per molecule of cresol.
- a method of producing shaped bodies of regenerated cellulose consisting substantially entirely of skin the step which comprises extruding viscose containing from about 0.25% to 4%, based on the weight of the cellulose in the viscose, of an alkali-soluble polyoxyalkylene glycol ether of cresol containing at least 4 alkylene oxide units per molecule of cresol into an aqueous spinning bath containing from about 10%' to 25% sodium sulfate, from about 3% to 15% zinc sulfate and sulfuric acid, the sulfuric acid content of the spinning bath exceeding the slubbing point but not exceeding about 9%.
- polyoxyalkylene glycol ether is a polyoxyethylene glycol ether of cresol containing from 6 to 25 ethylene oxide units per molecule of cresol.
- a method of producing shaped bodies of regenerated cellulose consisting substantially entirely of skin the steps which comprise adding to and incorporating in 10 viscose containing at least 30% carbon disulfide, based on the weight of the cellulose in the viscose, from about 0.5% to 2%, based on the weight of the cellulose in the viscose, of an alkali-soluble polyoxyalkylene glycol ether of cresol containing at least 4 alkylene oxide units per molecule of cresol and extruding the viscose into an aqueous spinning bath containing from about 10% to 25% sodium sulfate, from about 3% to 15 zinc sulfate, and sulfuric acid, the sulfuric acid content of the bath exceeding the slubbing point but not exceeding about 9%.
- polyoxyalkylene glycol ether is a polyoxyethylene glycol ether of cresol containing from 6 to 25 ethylene oxide units per molecule of cresol.
- the method of producing shaped bodies of regenerated cellulose consisting substantially entirely of skin comprises adding to and incorporating in viscose containing about 8% cellulose, about 7.5% caustic soda and about 35% carbon disulfide, based upon the weight of the cellulose, from about 0.5% to 2%, based on the weight of the cellulose in the viscose, of an alkali-soluble polyoxyalk-ylene glycol ether of cresol containing at least 4 alkylene oxide units per molecule of cresol, ripening the viscose to asa lt point of not lower than about 9 and extruding the viscose into an aqueous spinning bath containing from about 16% to 20% sodium sulfate, from about 4% to 9% zinc sulfate and sulfuric acid, the sulfuric acid content of the spinning bath exceeding the slubbing point but not exceeding about 9%.
- polyoxyalkylene glycol ether is a polyoxyethylene glycol ether of cresol containing from 6 to 25 ethylene oxide units per molecule of cresol.
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US727054A US3009763A (en) | 1958-04-08 | 1958-04-08 | Process of producing all skin rayon |
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US727054A US3009763A (en) | 1958-04-08 | 1958-04-08 | Process of producing all skin rayon |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3219513A (en) * | 1961-12-06 | 1965-11-23 | Courtaulds North America Inc | Crock-resistant fabric |
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US2535044A (en) * | 1947-04-26 | 1950-12-26 | Du Pont | Spinning of viscose |
US2710861A (en) * | 1951-08-20 | 1955-06-14 | Int Paper Canada | Treatment of cellulose with the reaction product of primary aliphatic amines and ethylene oxide |
US2792313A (en) * | 1950-04-08 | 1957-05-14 | Int Paper Canada | Manufacture of cellulose |
US2805169A (en) * | 1955-07-18 | 1957-09-03 | Rayonier Inc | High-alpha cellulose |
US2841462A (en) * | 1955-06-29 | 1958-07-01 | American Viscose Corp | Production of all skin rayon |
US2852334A (en) * | 1954-11-03 | 1958-09-16 | American Viscose Corp | Method of producing viscose rayon |
US2852333A (en) * | 1954-05-21 | 1958-09-16 | Du Pont | Viscose spinning process |
US2895788A (en) * | 1954-12-30 | 1959-07-21 | American Viscose Corp | Method of forming all skin viscose rayon |
-
1958
- 1958-04-08 US US727054A patent/US3009763A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2535044A (en) * | 1947-04-26 | 1950-12-26 | Du Pont | Spinning of viscose |
US2792313A (en) * | 1950-04-08 | 1957-05-14 | Int Paper Canada | Manufacture of cellulose |
US2710861A (en) * | 1951-08-20 | 1955-06-14 | Int Paper Canada | Treatment of cellulose with the reaction product of primary aliphatic amines and ethylene oxide |
US2852333A (en) * | 1954-05-21 | 1958-09-16 | Du Pont | Viscose spinning process |
US2852334A (en) * | 1954-11-03 | 1958-09-16 | American Viscose Corp | Method of producing viscose rayon |
US2895788A (en) * | 1954-12-30 | 1959-07-21 | American Viscose Corp | Method of forming all skin viscose rayon |
US2841462A (en) * | 1955-06-29 | 1958-07-01 | American Viscose Corp | Production of all skin rayon |
US2805169A (en) * | 1955-07-18 | 1957-09-03 | Rayonier Inc | High-alpha cellulose |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3219513A (en) * | 1961-12-06 | 1965-11-23 | Courtaulds North America Inc | Crock-resistant fabric |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: PAUL REVERE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY THE C/O THE PAU Free format text: AS SECURITY FOR INDEBTEDNESS RECITED ASSIGNOR GRANTS , BARGAINS, MORTGAGES, PLEDGES, SELLS AND CREATES A SECURITY INTEREST WITH A LIEN UNDER SAID PATENTS, SUBJECT TO CONDITIONS RECITED.;ASSIGNOR:AVTEX FIBERS INC. A NY CORP.;REEL/FRAME:003959/0219 Effective date: 19810301 Owner name: WALTER E. HELLER & COMPANY, INC., A CORP. OF DEL. Free format text: AGREEMENT WHEREBY AETNA RELEASES AVTEX FROM ALL MORTAGES AND SECURITY INTERESTS IN SAID INVENTIONS AS OF JANUARY 11,1979, AND ASSIGNS TO ASSIGNEE THE ENTIRE INTEREST IN SAID MORTAGE AGREEMENT TO ASSIGNEE;ASSIGNORS:AETNA BUSINESS CREDIT, INC., A CORP. OF N.Y.;AVTEX FIBERS, INC, A CORP. OF NY;KELLOGG CREDIT CORP., A CORP. OF DEL.;REEL/FRAME:003959/0250 Effective date: 19800326 Owner name: BALBOA INSURANCE COMPANY C/O THE PAUL REVERE EQUIT Free format text: AS SECURITY FOR INDEBTEDNESS RECITED ASSIGNOR GRANTS , BARGAINS, MORTGAGES, PLEDGES, SELLS AND CREATES A SECURITY INTEREST WITH A LIEN UNDER SAID PATENTS, SUBJECT TO CONDITIONS RECITED.;ASSIGNOR:AVTEX FIBERS INC. A NY CORP.;REEL/FRAME:003959/0219 Effective date: 19810301 Owner name: JOHN HANCOCK MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY JOHN HA Free format text: AS SECURITY FOR INDEBTEDNESS RECITED ASSIGNOR GRANTS , BARGAINS, MORTGAGES, PLEDGES, SELLS AND CREATES A SECURITY INTEREST WITH A LIEN UNDER SAID PATENTS, SUBJECT TO CONDITIONS RECITED.;ASSIGNOR:AVTEX FIBERS INC. A NY CORP.;REEL/FRAME:003959/0219 Effective date: 19810301 Owner name: PROVIDENT ALLIANCE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY C/O THE Free format text: AS SECURITY FOR INDEBTEDNESS RECITED ASSIGNOR GRANTS , BARGAINS, MORTGAGES, PLEDGES, SELLS AND CREATES A SECURITY INTEREST WITH A LIEN UNDER SAID PATENTS, SUBJECT TO CONDITIONS RECITED.;ASSIGNOR:AVTEX FIBERS INC. A NY CORP.;REEL/FRAME:003959/0219 Effective date: 19810301 Owner name: KELLOGG CREDIT CORPORATION A DE CORP. Free format text: AGREEMENT WHEREBY SAID HELLER AND RAYONIER RELEASES ALL MORTGAGES AND SECURITY INTERESTS HELD BY AVTEX ON APRIL 28, 1978, AND JAN. 11, 1979, RESPECTIVELY AND ASSIGNS ITS ENTIRE INTEREST IN SAID MORT-AGAGE AGREEMENT TO ASSIGNEE;ASSIGNORS:WALTER E. HELLER & COMPANY, INC. A NY CORP.;ITT RAYONIER INCORPORATED, A DE CORP.;AVTEX FIBERS INC., A NY CORP.;REEL/FRAME:003959/0350 Effective date: 19800326 Owner name: NEW ENGLAND MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY 501 BOYL Free format text: AS SECURITY FOR INDEBTEDNESS RECITED ASSIGNOR GRANTS , BARGAINS, MORTGAGES, PLEDGES, SELLS AND CREATES A SECURITY INTEREST WITH A LIEN UNDER SAID PATENTS, SUBJECT TO CONDITIONS RECITED.;ASSIGNOR:AVTEX FIBERS INC. A NY CORP.;REEL/FRAME:003959/0219 Effective date: 19810301 Owner name: WESTERN AND SOUTHERN LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY THE C/ Free format text: AS SECURITY FOR INDEBTEDNESS RECITED ASSIGNOR GRANTS , BARGAINS, MORTGAGES, PLEDGES, SELLS AND CREATES A SECURITY INTEREST WITH A LIEN UNDER SAID PATENTS, SUBJECT TO CONDITIONS RECITED.;ASSIGNOR:AVTEX FIBERS INC. A NY CORP.;REEL/FRAME:003959/0219 Effective date: 19810301 |