US3275543A - Electrolytic cavity sinking apparatus - Google Patents

Electrolytic cavity sinking apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3275543A
US3275543A US73154A US7315460A US3275543A US 3275543 A US3275543 A US 3275543A US 73154 A US73154 A US 73154A US 7315460 A US7315460 A US 7315460A US 3275543 A US3275543 A US 3275543A
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United States
Prior art keywords
electrolyte
electrode
workpiece
pressure
tank
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Expired - Lifetime
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US73154A
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English (en)
Inventor
Lynn A Williams
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Anocut Engineering Co
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Anocut Engineering Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL268805D priority Critical patent/NL268805A/xx
Priority to NL132767D priority patent/NL132767C/xx
Application filed by Anocut Engineering Co filed Critical Anocut Engineering Co
Priority to US73155A priority patent/US3130140A/en
Priority to US73154A priority patent/US3275543A/en
Priority to GB30902/61A priority patent/GB1002956A/en
Priority to DE19611440275 priority patent/DE1440275A1/de
Priority to FR872008A priority patent/FR1305597A/fr
Priority to CH1205965A priority patent/CH448310A/de
Priority to BE607778A priority patent/BE607778A/fr
Priority to CH1019261A priority patent/CH405530A/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3275543A publication Critical patent/US3275543A/en
Priority to NL6809034A priority patent/NL6809034A/xx
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrolytic cavity sinking apparatus and method, and particularly to an apparatus and method for accurately forming a cavity in or through the work.
  • lt is a principal object of the present invention to provide a ⁇ new and improved cavity sinking apparatus and method by means of which the size and dimensions of the cavity may be controlled within tolerances heretofore not thought possible.
  • Another object is to provide a new and improved electrolytic cavity sinking apparatus and method by means of which control may be had of the rate of feed of the electrode into the work, careful control of the voltage of the electrolyzing current can be exercised, and the ternperature and pressure of the electrolyte may be regulated so that the cavity maybe formed within the specified tolerances.
  • Another object is to provide a new and improved electrolytic cavity sinking apparatus and method, by means of which high production rates may be obtained while maintaining the desired tolerances above mentioned.
  • FIG. l is a schematic elevation of the complete apparatus
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional View of the drivehead assembly for the apparatus shown in FIG. l;
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 are plan and elevational views of the dial indicator and depth limit control assembly which is included as part of the drivehead;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram.
  • reference numerals 1, 1a, 1b, and 1c identify several parts of a weldment frame or base.
  • a drivehead 3 shown in more detail in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4. It constitutes generally an electromechanical drive arranged to move an electrode very smoothly, constantly, and precisely in its working relationship to a workpiece.
  • lt includes an upper housing 5 (see also FIG. 2) and a lower housing 7. Projecting from the lower housing 7 is a ram 9 and a ramhead 11 to which is ⁇ fastened an insulating plate 13 and an electrode mounting plate 15. The ramhead and ram are sealed against electrolyte by a boot 17 (see FIG. 2).
  • a pushrod 19 protected by a boot 21 links the ramhead 11 to a dial type depth indicator (FIG. l). Shown on the mounting plate is an electrode 22. in a holder 25 and a feed hose 27. Electric cables are also connected for operation, but are not shown.
  • the ram 9 is supported in ball bushings 29 for axial motion and is prevented from rotation by a cross pin carrying needle bearings running on hardened tracks (not shown).
  • Lead screw 31 and lead nut 33 coact to drive ram 9 forward and back.
  • the lead screw is supported by suitably mounted thrust bearing 35 and radial bearing 37.
  • the lead screw is driven through -a sprocket 39 by a chain 41.
  • An electric brake 43 spring biased to locking position, is mounted on the end of the lead screw 31. It is energized when running to release the brake, but deenergized when stopped, so as to arrest rotary motion of the lead screw and thus prevent overtravel beyond the desired limit.
  • the upper housing 5 contains the actual drive :mechanism.
  • a speed or feed rate adjustment knob and dial 45 In FIG. 1 are shown a speed or feed rate adjustment knob and dial 45, a tachometer 47 Varranged to indicate the feed rate, a depth limit adjusting knob 49, a signal light 51 to indicate actuation ofthe spark detector system disclosed in copending application of Williams and Davis, Serial No. 863,246, led December 31, 1959, entitled Control and Oper-ating System. for Electrolytic Hole Sinking, and a signal light 53 to indicate actuation of the depth limit control system to be described later.
  • the chain 41 is driven by a sprocket 55 which runs forward or back at higher or lower speed as driven by the following tmechanism.
  • a reversible motor M drives through a variable speed transmission VST which is controlled by knob 45 (FIG. 1) acting through connecting linkage (not shown).
  • a ⁇ further speed reduction is obtained through step down transmission 57.
  • Controlled by selective actuation of electric clutches or 67, the output of transmission 57 is connected either at the same speed or ⁇ at a much higher speed to the sprocket 55.
  • actual motion of the ram can be controlled from very low speed of approximately .010l per minute up to .750 per tminute, all in the low speed range, and then, by electrical selection of the high speed range at about 12 times these speeds.
  • the high speed range is used principally for positioning of the electrode with respect to the work.
  • Console C (FIG. l) carries pushbuttons, as follows, to control the drivehead 3:
  • buttons on the console are:
  • Electrical cables 105 and 107 extend from the machine proper to the console C, which is movable to any convenient location 'adjacent the machine proper.
  • one actuates first either the forward or reverse button 83 or 85 and associated relay circuits. (Time delay relays are used to prevent full to full change of motor direction which might cause damage.) This starts the motor M in the desired direction, but neither the low speed clutch 65 nor the high speed clutch 67 is yet engaged. It is possible, however, to preset the feed rate by use of control knob 45 and by reference to tachometer 47. Then, one selects low (normal feed) or high speed (rapid traverse) by pushing the appropriate button. This preconditions the relay circuits for energizing one or the other of the electric clutches 65 or 67, but still does not energize either.
  • buttons where appropriate, may have integral pilot lights in them.
  • the basic circuit diagram (FIG. 5) will he understood without further verbiage by those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing description of the mode of operation.
  • the rem-aining elements on console C relate to the power supply of direct current electrolyzing current.
  • VM2 reads voltage near the electrode and the work, the difference between the two showing the drop or loss through cables and connecting lugs, etc.
  • AM reads the amperage passing between the electrode and the work through the electrolyte.
  • Pilot lights PL1, PL2, and PL3 indicate, respectively, that the alternating current supply line is on; that the rectifier system is ready, its vacuum tube control elements being warmed up; and that the direct current power feed to the work gap is energized.
  • Knob 117 controls the reference voltage to set the voltage delivered by the rectifier. It may be regarded as the equivalent of potentiometer R11 (FIG. 4), in copending application of George F. Keeleric and Eugene Mittelmann, Serial No. 381,278, iled September 12, 1953, for Electric Supply System for Electrolytic Grinding, now issued into Patent No.
  • Knob 119 is the bias or sensitivity control of the spark detector circuit of the type shown in copending application of Lynn A. Williams and James E. Davis, Serial No. 863,246, filed December 31, 1959, for Control and Operating System for Electrolytic Hole Sinking, and may operate a potentiometer corresponding ⁇ with R5 or R11 in FIG. 2 of that application.
  • Signal light 53 corresponds with signal light of the same FIG. 2 of the same application.
  • control leads may be connected respectively to the xture holding the Work (not shown) and the electrode block or even the electrode itself.
  • the control system will compensate for any losses in voltage occurring because of IR losses in the cables and connections between the power supply unit and the work gap. (Here, see also the ⁇ above identified application of Williams and Daivis.)
  • a grounding cable 121 is connected from the ram head 11 to the frame of the machine so that the ram head always remains at ground potential Ieven if there were to be la breakdown of the insulation of insulating plate 13 or some accidental contact between electrically energized parts of the electrode system and the ram head.
  • I prevent or reduce passage of electric current through the bearings which support the ram head, which would be damaged if heavy current were to pass through them.
  • the entirety of the drivehead assembly is mounted on dovetail cross slides to permit horizontal motion of the entire drivehead assembly in the direction toward and away from the viewer looking at the drawing.
  • This arrangement is conventional, and the motion is impar-ted by manual operation of hand wheel 123.
  • a slide lock is also provided, and is controlled by handle 125. This locks the motion of the ram head so that once a desired setting has been obtained it will not be disturbed through accidental movement of hand wheel 123.
  • a stainless steel Worktable 127 is provided and is mounted upon ia vertical slide controlled by hand wheel 129.
  • the entirety of the vertical slide assembly is protected against electrolyte by a collapsible rubber boot (not shown) which is sealed both to the worktable and to the bottom of a stainless steel pan which is at a level just above the upper limb of hand wheel 129.
  • This pan has side walls which extend to Ei a height just below the bottom surface of worktable 127, as shown.
  • the bottom of the pan has exit holes which drain back into electrolyte tank 130.
  • An enclosure 131 for the work area is provided and is arranged to be set down into the stainless steel pan just described.
  • a ventilator connection elbow 133 adapted to be connected to a suction blower to suck away any steam, fumes, vor gases.
  • the inlet of this elbow is protected by baffles (not shown) to prevent the influx of solid liquid particles.
  • the electrolyte tank 130 which is made of stainless steel, is fitted with an immersion type heater 135 under the control -of a thermostat 137 having an adjustment knob 139.
  • the tank 130 is mounted on wheels 132 as shown, and permanent internal rails and guides 134 are provided fas part of the weldment 1.
  • Temporary guide rails 141 are stored behind access door 143, and these may be mounted with pins so as to constitute forwardly extending rails to permit bringing the tank forwardly on these temporary rails and out onto the door for cleaning or service atten tion.
  • the electrical connection for the heater is of the plug in type and the suction line from the tank to the electrolyte pump 145 is made by a standard, quick disconnect coupling 147 and a flexible hose 149.
  • a cooling coil 151 Within the electrolyte tank is a cooling coil 151, which is fed with cold water under control of valve 153. An exit line may be led to the sewer system.
  • the purpose of the cooling coil is to withdraw excessive heat from the electrolyte under those circumstances where heavy working Iand heavy currents would otherwise cause the temperature to rise undesirably.
  • the electrolyte pump 145 is driven by a motor 155 and is arranged to deliver electrolyte under pressure up to 250 or even 300 pounds per square inch. From the pump 145 the electrolyte passes through a filter 157, which is preferably arranged with quick disconnect fittings to permit easy removal for replacement of filter cartridges. It should be understood that both the tank 130 and the pump 145 and its associated motor and lter are within compartments formed in the weldment 1, and that these c-ompartments are normally closed by hinged access doors, which for purposes of illustration have been cut away in this view.
  • the electrolyte passes through a hose line 159, through an electrolyte control panel to a bypass valve 161 seen near the right-hand (or upper) part of the drawing approximately above the midportion of the electrolyte tank.
  • This valve serves Ias a bypass to set the general pressure level and to accommodate variations in the size and working tareas of the electrodes which are being used from time to time.
  • the back pressure created by having closed this bypass valve 161 is indicated on a pressure gauge 163.
  • a T-connection is taken from line 159 to electrode valve 165, which valves the electrolyte into a header block 167, which is mounted within the electrolyte pan and within the enclosure 131.
  • the filter 157 may be connected between the T-connection and valve 165 and this arrangement is preferred.
  • This manifold block may have a number of connections for ease in connecting one -or more electrolyte hoses to feed the electrode as, for example, the hose 27 shown in this illustration.
  • a second pressure gauge 169 ⁇ is also connected to the manifold block to indicate the pressure actually Ibeing fed to the electrode.
  • electrode valve 165 is adjusted so that the pressure in the manifold 167 is somewhat lower than the pressure in the main supply line 159 (as indicated on gauge 163), then as the electrode approaches the work and induces additional restriction to the fiow of electrolyte, .the pressure shown at gauge 169 will rise, and by reference to the reduction in difference between the pressure indicated on the two gauges, the proximity of the electrode to the work may be judged. This is more fully discussed in the copending application Serial No. 772,960, more fully identified above.
  • the pressure be held nearly constant although this is not as critical as the feed rate, the voltage, or the temperature of the electrolyte. If, however, there is enough change in the pressure to affect substantially the degree of bubble formation in the work gap or actually within the electrode, then this will mitigate against close accuracy of work. Ordinarily, the operating pressure will not be below two atmospheres, and ordinarily it will not rise above 20 atmospreres or 300 pounds per square inch.
  • a normal working pressure will fall between and 200 pounds per square inch, Ibut it is preferable, once the electrode has become fully imbedded in the work, that the pressure should not vary by more than l0 or 15 percent, and under those condition where maximum ⁇ rates of penetration are being used and where the electrolyte in the work gap is just at the verge of -breaking into steam, then even a slight reduction of pressure would be troublesome. However, an increase of pressure of the ⁇ order of l0 to 20 percent would not create difficulty.
  • the valving and gauging arrangement which is shown permits, in practice, an easy control of the pressure.
  • Ia discharge line 168 extends downwardly from valve 161 as a return to the electrolyte tank 130.
  • a loop of hose is connected at this point with an elbow at its end which ordinarily discharges electrolyte back into the tank.
  • the hose may be withdrawn through an access door (not shown) at the right-hand end of the machine, and the hose may be put into a barrel or other receptacle. Then, by operating the pump 145 and closing electrode valve 165, electrolyte may be withdrawn from the tank and easily discharged without the need for removing the tank.
  • the entire system may, if desired, then be flushed with water, using a hose discharging into the pan beneath the worktable and, thus, owing back through drain openings (not shown) into the tank. It is thus easy to ush the entire system with fresh water and thereby minimize the problem of cleaning.
  • the heater 135 and its associated thermostat 137 are arranged and adjusted to hold the temperature of the electrolyte sufficiently above ambient temperature so that as energy and, therefore, heat are added to the electrolyte in other ways (for example, by pumping and by the passage of electric current in the work gap between the electrode and the workpiece) the amount of heating provided by heater 135 is automatically reduced by thermostat 137. Accordingly, the heater may be left on overnight to hold a temperature of the order of F. When actual work begins, the pump and the passage of electric current will add energy to the electrolyte and maintain the preset temperature with a reduced demand upon heater 135.
  • the heat introduced in this way may be sucient to cause the temperature of the electrolyte to rise in the tank above the desired level of, say 130 1F.
  • tap water at a much lower temperature (usually in the ⁇ range between 50 and 70L7 F.) is introduced by opening valve 153 and causing water to flow in cooling coil 151.
  • valve 153 By adjusting valve 153, the amount of cooling provided may be so adjusted as to permit the intermittent operation of heater under control of thermostat 137 to maintain the desired temperature.
  • a temperature gauge 175 is pro- 7 vided. This is of the type which has a temperature responsive bulb 177 at the end of a shielded tube 179. The bulb is placed in the manifold 167 so that it senses the temperature of the electrolyte very close -to the electrode.
  • manual valve 153 may be replaced by a thermostatic valve so that cooling coil 151 is controlled automatically.
  • the Icontrol of temperature of ⁇ the electrolyte is important in maintaining accuracy, and it is preferred that it be held within about or 15 degrees, usually in the range between a low of about 110 and a high of about 175 or 180. As previously suggested, a normal operating temperature will be of the order of 130. If the temperature is increased, this will have the effect under ordinary conditions of causing greater activity of the electrolyte and consequently greater removal, all with the result ⁇ that the cavity which is produced is somewhat larger than with a lower temperature.
  • pressure As ⁇ to the pressure, as heretofore discussed, itis possible to tolerate a wider range of variation unless one is operating near the critical edge, and one may regard pressure as being important primarily because it affects flow rate which in turn affects the actual temperature of electrolyte in ⁇ the Work gap itself, although there are also some primary effec-ts associated with the generation -of bubbles.
  • pressure By holding the pressure at an elevated level, bubbles of gases of electrolysis, principally hydrogen and oxygen, and bubbles of steam are kept small in size, thereby maintaining a high effective density of the electrolyte. If the pressure is reduced, then the bubble size increases, and the effective density is reduced, thereby increasing the effective resistance ofthe electrolyte and, consequently, tending to reduce the electrolyzing current.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 there is shown apparatus for actuating the dial indicator 23 shown in FIG. 1 and for actuating also a depth limit switch.
  • the dial indicator as such may be purchased as a complete assembly from any of a number of well known suppliers such as Federal, Ames, or Starrett. It is designated in FIGS. 3 and 4 by the reference numeral 23 associated with a bracket which indicates the extent of the purchased assembly.
  • the indicator includes a dial face 23a anda pointer 23b registers with dial indicia indicating a motion of the ram head of .001.
  • One complete revolution of the pointer 23b equals .100.
  • a smaller pointer with its own internal dial arranged somewhat like that of the small second hand dial on a watch.
  • This smaller dial has indicia indicating each 0.1, and one complete revolution of this smaller pointer coincides with a motion of 1".
  • a rulerlike scale 23C is provided to show grossly the general position of the ram head by reference to a pointer 23a'.
  • the usual knob for adjusting the rotary position .of the dial of the indicator is shown at 23e.
  • the dial indicator 23 is mounted as by screws 301 and an appropriate bracket to a frame member 303, which in turn is fastened by screws or bolts to the upper housing 5 of the drivehead assembly.
  • Frame 303 is bored to receive the push rod 19 in a sliding relationship, and it will be recalled that push rod 19 is directly connected to the ram head 11 so that when the ram is moved push rod 19 moves with it.
  • a carriage 335 having an upwardly extending ear 307 adapted to engage the hardened button at the end of the 'actuator element for dial indicator 23.
  • the dial indicator 23 includes a spring which urges the actuating button tothe righlt, as shown in the drawing, so that it will follow any motion of carriage 305 and its upwardly extending bracket 307.
  • a second carriage 313 is slidably mounted on two guide rods 315 and is arranged to be 'moved by rotation of hand knob 49, which is also seen in FIG. 1.
  • Hand knob 49 rotates ⁇ a shaft 317 suitably journaled in brackets mounted to frame 303 so as to rotate a sprocket 319, which drives a ball-link chain 321.
  • a spring 325 is used to take any slack out of the chain.
  • the ends of the chain are fastened by small lugs 327 to carriage 313, so that rotation of the knob 49 causes carriage 313 to move linearly.
  • a downward extension 329 of carriage 313 holds a tubular push rod 331 arranged for telescopic sliding action over support and guide rod 133.
  • a pointer 335 To the tubular member 331 is affixed a pointer 335 with its tip showing on the scale type indicia 23e of the dial indicator. When knob 49 is turned, therefore, and carriage 313 moves, the pointer 335 also moves so that one can see its position.
  • the push rod 19 is moved forwardly (to the right in FIGS. 3 and 4) as the ram head advances toward the work, it moves carriage 305 and limit switch 30)v with it, and as will be seen by reference to FIG. 3, the actuating button 311 of the limit switch is arranged so as to be engaged by a frontal surface of carriage 313.
  • the limit switch is wired in such a way as to break the circuits of the holding relays and to deenergize the electric clutches 65 and 67 shown 'in FIG. 2, and to cause electric brake 43 to be set so as to stop rotation of lead screw 31 very quickly.
  • the adjusting knob 49 provides a convenient method of moving the carriage 313, and the entire linkage and slide assembly proves in fact to be sufficient to prevent movement of carriage 313 after it has once been set.
  • pointer 335 is used as only a rough guide for the setting of the depth limit control.
  • the ram is first moved to that depth with no work in its path, its position being very carefully indicated to less than .001 by the dial indicator and its pointer 23b.
  • the set knob 49 is actuated to bring the carriage 313 toward the depth limit switch 309, and this motion is continued until indicator light 53 (FIG. l) is illuminated, showing that the switch 309 has been actuated.
  • knob 49 is then turned to move the carriage 313 slightly away from the switch and is then turned back -again to bring the carriage very slowly toward the limit switch until the indicator light again flashes to show actuation of the switch.
  • the ram is now slightly retracted by pushing the appropriate control buttons on the console and is then advanced under power. If the setting has been made properly, the ram head will stop at precisely the position determined by the location of carriage 313, and this can be confirmed by the reading on the dial 23a of the dial indicator. Ord-inarily, the advance of the ram will be stopped repetitively within a fraction of a thousandth of an inch of the first stop.
  • Apparatus for electrolytically forming a cavity in an electrically conductive and electrochemically erodible workpiece comprising in combination, means mounting the workpiece, a hollow electrode, means mounting said electrode, means for relatively moving said workpiece mounting means land said electrode mounting means toward each other at a constant rate, an electrolyte supply tank, conduit means connecting said electrolyte tank to said electrode, an electrolyte pump in said conduit means for the delivery of electrolyte under pressure to the gap between the workpiece and said electrode, valve means in ⁇ said conduit means for controlling the pressure of the electrolyte, separate heating and cooling means in said electrolyte tank for maintaining the temperature of the electrolyte at a desired level above the .ambient temperature, and means connected to the workpiece and said electrode for passing a low voltage direct current between the workpiece and said electrode in a sense to make the workpiece anodic.
  • thermostat means sensing the temperature of the electrolyte closely adjacent the entry to said electrode and connected to control operation of said heating means.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
US73154A 1960-09-02 1960-09-02 Electrolytic cavity sinking apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3275543A (en)

Priority Applications (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL268805D NL268805A (id) 1960-09-02
NL132767D NL132767C (id) 1960-09-02
US73155A US3130140A (en) 1960-09-02 1960-09-02 Electrolytic cavity sinking apparatus
US73154A US3275543A (en) 1960-09-02 1960-09-02 Electrolytic cavity sinking apparatus
GB30902/61A GB1002956A (en) 1960-09-02 1961-08-28 Electrolytic cavity sinking apparatus and method
DE19611440275 DE1440275A1 (de) 1960-09-02 1961-08-29 Elektrolytische Hohlraumausgrabvorrichtung
FR872008A FR1305597A (fr) 1960-09-02 1961-08-31 Appareil électrolytique pour creuser une cavité
CH1205965A CH448310A (de) 1960-09-02 1961-09-01 Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Herstellung von Hohlräumen auf elektrolytischem Wege in einem elektrisch leitfähigen Werkstück
BE607778A BE607778A (fr) 1960-09-02 1961-09-01 Appareil électrolytique pour creuser une cavité.
CH1019261A CH405530A (de) 1960-09-02 1961-09-01 Einrichtung zum elektrolytischen Herstellen eines Hohlraumes in einem elektrisch leitfähigen Werkstück
NL6809034A NL6809034A (id) 1960-09-02 1968-06-26

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US73155A US3130140A (en) 1960-09-02 1960-09-02 Electrolytic cavity sinking apparatus
US73154A US3275543A (en) 1960-09-02 1960-09-02 Electrolytic cavity sinking apparatus

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US3275543A true US3275543A (en) 1966-09-27

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US73155A Expired - Lifetime US3130140A (en) 1960-09-02 1960-09-02 Electrolytic cavity sinking apparatus

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BE (1) BE607778A (id)
CH (2) CH448310A (id)
DE (1) DE1440275A1 (id)
GB (1) GB1002956A (id)
NL (3) NL6809034A (id)

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US3536599A (en) * 1967-11-09 1970-10-27 Anocut Eng Co Electrolytic cavity sinking apparatus and method with pressure means for forcing a machined slug from the electrode

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BE633381A (id) * 1962-06-11
EP1337273A2 (en) 2000-11-28 2003-08-27 Transform Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Pharmaceutical formulations comprising paclitaxel, derivatives, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof
DE10228433A1 (de) * 2002-06-26 2004-01-22 Fritz-Herbert Frembgen Verfahren zum elektrochemischen Bearbeiten von Werkstücken
CN107186303A (zh) * 2017-06-28 2017-09-22 自贡市嘉特数控机械制造有限公司 电火花线切割机床工作液的自洁式过滤水箱及过滤方法

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US3060114A (en) * 1958-02-06 1962-10-23 William J Barry Apparatus for cutting and machining metals electrochemically
US3058895A (en) * 1958-11-10 1962-10-16 Anocut Eng Co Electrolytic shaping
US2927191A (en) * 1959-02-10 1960-03-01 Elox Corp Michigan Servo power feed
US3002907A (en) * 1959-05-20 1961-10-03 Anocut Eng Co Electrolytic hole sinking

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3536599A (en) * 1967-11-09 1970-10-27 Anocut Eng Co Electrolytic cavity sinking apparatus and method with pressure means for forcing a machined slug from the electrode

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1002956A (en) 1965-09-02
NL132767C (id)
US3130140A (en) 1964-04-21
NL6809034A (id) 1968-09-25
NL268805A (id)
CH448310A (de) 1967-12-15
DE1440275A1 (de) 1969-05-14
BE607778A (fr) 1962-03-01
CH405530A (de) 1966-01-15

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