US3261475A - Hoisting equipment for ships - Google Patents

Description

July 19, 1966 F. LAUDAN EI'AL 3,261,475

HOISTING EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPS Filed March 31, 1965 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 //V 1 54/70? Fe lfpk/cw L A UOA/V GOA/THEE LA uomv July 19, 1966 F. LAUDAN ETAL 3,251,475

HOISTING EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPS Filed March 31, 1965 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 mum/rues United States Patent 2 Claims. (01. 212-3 This invention relates to hoisting equipment for ships including jibs associated with a ships derrick mast, and winches.

In the known equipment of this type, the jibs are hinged to the derrick mast and stayed by means of guys. In this arrangement, that is, with the inclination of the jib being fixed, the jib under load can only be slewed manually with the aid of guys or by additional capstan winches. In most cases, slewing of a jib is a hard task.

From the foregoing it will be apparent that the hitherto known derricks do not permit the economical handling of a ships cargo, such as loading and unloading.

With a derrick including two jibs it is known to facilitate the operations towards one side of a hatch by staying one jib above the hatch and slewing the other one so as to protrude beyond the side of the ship, by means of guys or preventers, and to couple the two load ropes with the load hook. This requires two cargo winches and two experienced winch operators. Moreover, the radius of action of the coupled jibs is limited to 50 to 60 degrees of the ideal radius of action of 360 degrees.

The known ship cranes are highly demanding on the operators, and for operational and space reasons only one crane can be arranged between two hatches and serve only one hatch at a time.

To eliminate the aforementioned disadvantages, the present invention provides a hoisting equipment for ships which comprises a derrick mast having vertically spaced upper and lower transverse bar means, at least one slewable jib mounted at one of its ends on a rotatable supporting head arranged in spaced relationship to said mast, block means suspended from said upper transverse bar means in spaced relationship to said mast, a guy rope associated with said block means and staying said jib, a return pulley suspended from said lower transverse bar means, a guide pulley attached to the lower end of said jib generally vertically below said return pulley and said block means, and a sheave-hole in the upper end of said jib, a winch associated with said jib, a load rope running from said winch over said return pulley, said guide pulley, the upper side of said jib, through said sheave-hole and having hook means secured to its free end, the spacing of said block means and said return pulley from said derrick mast being equal to the spacing of said supporting head from said derrick mast, and the latter spacing being such as to permit slewing of said jib through approximately 360 degrees.

Such hoisting equipment is similar to a ship crane as regards its application and for operating it no special experience is required.

Existent hoisting equipment can be reequipped so that the available winches, jibs and tackle and purchases can generally be used also further on. The pivot bearing of the jib is substituted by a known slewing gear which is preferably arranged so that the fulcrum of the jib is arranged laterally and, seen in the direction of the hatch to be served, ahead of the derrick mast. The guy rope block is similarly displaced. The jib is provided with a sheavehole at its upper end and with a guide roller on its upper side near its lower end. For guiding the load rope on the upper side of the jib a channel rail may be conveniently attached to the latter. The return roller is shifted to a ice cross bar of the mast that is arranged about halfway between the slewing gear and the guy rope block so that the centre of rotation of the return roller is located laterally and ahead of the mast.

The slewing gear may be operated electrically or hydraulically and operation thereof may be effected from the winch stand.

The radius of action of the jib can be extended to 270 by the described measures unless this slewing radius is obstructed by shrouds or other equipment that cannot be removed.

Due to this arrangement it is achieved in a new construction that with the rotatable jib supporting head being sufiiciently spaced from the derrick mast, the jib will have a radius of action of approximately 360., Such a jib, which is arranged between two hatches, can fully serve both hatches.

The radius of action of nearly 360 permits reloading operations from one hatch into the other to be effected with the ships own hoisting equipment. The route of a ship need no longer depend on the lots of cargo in the various ports, and new possibilities of economization are opened up.

An embodiment of the invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a side elevational view showing the arrangement of a derrick on board ship;

FIG. 2 is a front elevational view, and

FIG. 3 is a fragmentary top plan view of a ship, showing the working range of two derricks.

As shown especially in FIG. 3, the hoisting equipment according to the invention comprises two jibs 2 and 3 each of which is mounted at one end on a rotatable supporting head 4. The supporting heads 4 are disposed in laterally spaced relationship to a derrick mast 1 on opposite sides thereof and have an associate-d slewing gear 5, which is known per se, for slewing the jib 2 or 3, respectively. Each of the two jibs 2 and 3 has an associated hoisting winch 6 of any known type that can simultaneously be used for varying the inclination of the respective jib.

From FIG. 1, which for the sake of simplicity illustrates the arrangement at the instance of only one of the two derricks, it can be seen that a load rope 7 runs from the winch 6 over a return pulley 11, a guide pulley 10 disposed generally vertically below the return pulley at the lower end of the jib, the upper side of the jib, and through a sheave-hole 9 in the upper end of the jib. A hook 8 is secured to the free end of the load rope 7.

Almost perpendicularly above the return pulley 11 there is disposed a block 12 with a guy rope 15 for easy adjustment of the inclination of the jib 3. In a preferred form of construction the jib supporting head is arranged laterally and, seen in the direction of the hatch to be served, ahead of the mast. Due to the spacing between the mast 1 and the supporting heads 4, which is indicated by the reference character a in FIG. 2, it is attained that a radius of action of nearly 360 can be covered by each of the two jibs 2 and 3.

Reverting to FIG. 3, it will be noted that with the jibs 2 and 3 being arranged between two hatches 13 and 14, both these hatches can be fully served by each jib. Reference numerals 16 and 17 designate the two sides of the ship between which the hatches 13 and 14 are aligned in the longitudinal direction of the ship. Reference numerals 18 and 19 indicate the radius of action of the jibs 2 and 3, respectively. It is self-evident that the two jibs 2 and 3 can also be employed with only a single one of the two hatches 13 and 14.

As shown in FIG. 2, the return pulleys 11 and the blocks 12 are expediently secured to vertically spaced transverse bars 20 and 21, respectively, of the mast 1.

Due to the way in which the load rope 7 is guided and to the almost vertically spaced arrangement of the guide pulley 10 and the return pulley 11, the load resting on the bearings of the supporting heads 4 is considerably reduced and, consequently, slewing of the jibs 2 and 3 is facilitated irrespective of the actual positions thereof.

To reequip existent loading facilities on board ship it will generally prove sufiicient'to use arms or brackets to be secured to the mast, instead of the transverse bars shown. It will be appreciated that the working radius of the jib will he more reduced the smaller the spacing a between the mast 1 and the supporting head 4 is chosen.

The arrangement enabling heavy cargo to be handled simultaneously by a plurality of jibs, a heavy-duty boom may be dispensed with. a

The described equipment permits cargo to be reloaded from hatch 14 and vice versa without difiiculty. When the jibs 2 and 3 are not in use, they may either be placed on the hatches, as shown at 3 in FIG. 1, or be fastened to the mast 1, as shown at 3 in FIG. 1, the latter solution being suitable, for example, with a timber cargo placed on the ships deck.

The invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

We claim:

1. Hoisting equipment for ships comprising a derrick mast having vertically spaced upper and lower transverse bar means, at least one slewable jib mounted at The present embodiment is therefore to '25 one of its ends on a rotatable supporting head arranged in spaced relationship to said mast, block means suspended from said upper transverse bar means in spaced relationship to said mast, a guy rope associated with said block means and staying said jib, a return pulley suspended from said lower transverse bar means, a guide pulley attached to the lower end of said jib generally vertically below said return pulley and said block means, and a sheave-hole in the upper end of said jib, a winch associated with said jib, a load rope running from said winch over said return pulley, said guide pulley, the upper side of said jib, through said sheave-hole and having hook means secured to its free end, the spacing of said block means and said return pulley from said derrick mast being equal to the spacing of said supporting head from said derrick mast, and the latter spacing being such as to permit slewing of said jib through approximately 360 degrees.

2. Hoisting equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the jib supporting head is arranged laterally and, seen in the direction of the hatch to be served, ahead of the mast.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,042,222 7 7/1962 Lehmann 2l23 3,079,006 2/1963 Eckhardt 2123 3,106,300 10/1963 Thaeter 2123 FOREIGN PATENTS 176,172 2/ 1955 Sweden.

SAMUEL F. COLEMAN, Primary Examiner.

A. L. LEVINE, Assistant Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. HOISTING EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPS COMPRISING A DERRICK MAST HAVING VERTICALLY SPACED UPPER AND LOWER TRANSVERSE BAR MEANS, AT LEAST ONE SLEWABLE JIB MOUNTED AT ONE OF ITS ENDS ON A ROTATABLE SUPPORTING HEAD ARRANGED IN SPACED RELATIONSHIP TO SAID MAST, BLOCK MEANS SUSPENDED FROM SAID UPPER TRANSVERSE BAR MEANS IN SPACED RELATIONSHIP TO SAID MAST, A GUY ROPE ASSOCIATED WITH SAID BLOCK MEANS AND STAYING SAID JIB, A RETURN PULLEY SUSPENDED FROM SAID LOWER TRANSVERSE BAR MEANS, A GUIDE PULLEY ATTACHED TO THE LOWER END OF SAID JIB GENERALLY VERTICALLY BELOW SAID RETURN PULLEY AND SAID BLOCK MEANS, AND A SHEAVE-HOLE IN THE UPPER END OF SAID JIB, A WICH ASSOCIATED WITH SAID JIN, THROUGH SAID SHEAVE-HOLE AND HAVING WINCH OVER SAID RETURN PULLEY, SAID GUIDE PULLEY, THE UPPER SIDE OF SAID JIB, THROUGH SAID SHEAVE-HOLE AND HAVING HOOK MEANS SECURED TO ITS FREE END, THE SPACING OF SAID BLOCK MEANS AND SAID RETURN PULLEY FROM SAD DERRICK MAST BEING EQUAL TO THE SPACING OF SAID SUPPORTING HEAD FROM SAID DERRICK MAST, AND THE LATTER SPACING BEING SUCH AS TO PERMIT SLEWING OF SAID JIB THROUGH APPROXIMATELY 360 DEGREES.

Images