US325444A - Fence - Google Patents

Description

(N0 Model.)

J. W. READ.

FENCE.

JGNO. 325,444. Patented-Sept. 1, 1885.

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ATTORNEYS,

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UNITED STATES PATENT Fries,

JOHN V. READ, OF WEST SALEM, OHIO.

FENCE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 325,444, dated September 1, 1885.

' Application filcdMarch 3i,'1855. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OHN XV. READ, of Vest Salem, in the county of lVayne and State of Ohio, have invented a new and Improved Fence, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to fences, and has for its object to promote the stability and durability of such structures and lessen the cost of making, erecting, or removing them.

The invention consists in particular constructions and combinations of parts of the fence, all as hereinafter fully described and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure lis a side elevation of a section of a fence embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional elevation of the fence, taken on the line :0 m, Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is an enlarged perspective View of part of one of the hangers which support the lower boards or rails of the fence from its top boards or rails.

The main supports A of the fence consist of opposite side bars or posts, a a, connected near their lower ends by a cross bar, a. The posts a a converge upward, and their upper ends stand apart for a distance equaling the thickness of the lapped ends of two aligned boards or rails, I3 13, of the fence, and the opposite braces, O G, which range down opposite sides of the fence boards or rails, so that when a metal bar or rod, D, is passed through the posts a a and braces O G,and the ends (I d of bar I) are turned down on the outer faces of posts a a, the rails B B will be supported on the bar I), and will be clamped firmly between the braces G C, which in turn will be clamped by the beveled upper ends of the posts a a.

The tie'bar D may be passed through the ends of the rails, if desired 5 but I prefer. to rest the rails upon the bar,-as the rails then retain their full strength for holding up the lower rails by means of the hangers presently described.

For anchoring the lencesupports A to the ground, I employ the stakes E E, connected to stout galvanized wires F F, which wires are connected one to each of the posts a a, near their lower ends, in any suitable way' say by eyes at the tops of the wires entering eyes or staples f driven into the posts a and in setting the anchors E F, I drive the stakes E into the ground below the frost'line, and so that the wires F will be drawn upon by the stakes to hold the feet of posts a upon or slightly embedded in the ground, as will be understood from Fig. 2.

As the stakes are inexpensive and are driven without first digging a hole in the earth, the anchors may very cheaply be made and set in place; and by driving the stakes considerably below the ground-surface the frost will have little or no effect to displace the fence, as will readily be understood.

The intermediate rails, B B, and bottom rails, B of the fence are supported with their overlapped ends, respectively, between the braces G G, by sectional hangers H, one of which is partly shown in Fig. 3.

The hangers H consist of an upper section, H, of strong wire, bent upon itself and formed with hooks or open loops h h at the ends, and a lower section havinga loop or eye, h, at its upper end, into which the upper section, H, is passed, and the section H hasshort bends 0r half-loops it formed in it, and over each of the bends If is placed a button, I, which is link-shaped and preferably is bent flatwise into concavo-convex form to avoid too short bends of the wires H The buttons I form with the bends 7L2 complete eyes, in which are confined the loops or eyes j of the tie-wires J, by which the overlapping ends of the aligned lower rails are bound together, as presently explained. At its lower extremity the hangersect-ion H is bent upon itself to form an eye, 71?, to confine the eyejof the tie-wire J for thelowest rails,B".

In hanging the intermediate and lower rails, B B from the top rails, B, the hanger-section H will be passed around the overlapped ends of rails 13, and preferably so as to range diagonally, or so that opposite side parts of the section H will stand at opposite faces of the supports A, and the books h h of the hanger will be interlocked above the rails B. The ends of the next lower rails, B, will then be passed between the braces O G and above the buttons 1, so that the tie-wires J, held to held between the braces G C and below the cross-bars a of the supports A, the wires J being twisted around the hanger-section H When the opposite braces, O 0, line vertically with the bars a a and with each other, the lower ends of both the braces will be bound by a wire to the lower rails, B, and the crossbar a; but at every third or fourth panel of the fence I swing one of a pair of the braces say the brace G-off diagonally and secure it by nails or screws 0 to the intermediate and lower rails, B B", and in this case the tie-wire K will be bound around the lower end of brace O and the bar a and rails B, as in Fig. 2. The diagonal braces C may of course be swung on the bars D as pivots to either side of the supports A, as desired.

I extend one of the rail-braces of each support A a sufficient distance above the supports to string one or more wires, L, along them to increase the height of the fence to any desired extent, the wires L-either barbed or plain being fastened to the braces O in any approved way.

Where the hanger-wire H passes between the lapped ends of the suspended rails, the rails may be cut out to receive it, and also to receive such parts of the half-loops 7L2 and buttons I as may lie between the rail-faces, so that the rails may be bound closely together by the wires J.

A central brace, M, may be fixed to the rails of each panel of the fence, if desired.

The advantages of the sectional rail-hangers H over the hangers shown in my United States Patent No. 285,67 7 granted September 25, 1883, are twofoldfirst, the joint at h of the hanger-sections H H allows the support of the lower rails from the top rails without straining or cutting the hanger upon the top rails when the fence-panels vibrate slightly in wind-storms, hence the hanger will be less liable to break; and, secondly, the eyes formed by slight bends of the hanger-wires at h and the buttons I leave the hangers much stronger to support the suspended rails by the tie-wires than when the eyes are formed by making complete turns or twists of the hangerwires, as shown in the aforesaid patent.

It is evident that the fence will stand firmly in heavy winds, and may be made, set up, and removed quickly and easily and at reasonable cost.

I am aware that barbs have been secured by means of a concaved button-link and a bend in the'wire to which the barbs are attached, and I therefore do not claim such invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination, in a fence, of the supports A, constructed with posts a a, connected by bar a, the braces '0 O, rods D,-passed through posts a a, and braces C Q, hangers suspending the lower rails from the top rails, and tie-wires K, substantially as herein set forth.

2. The combination, in a fence, of supports A, braces O G, rods D, top rails, B, hangers suspending lower rails from rails B, tie-wires K, and anchors consisting of stakes E, connected by wires F to opposite posts a a of supports A, and driven into the ground, substantially as herein set forth.

3. The combination, in a fence, of supports A, braces O O, rods D, top rails, B, hangers supporting lower rails from rails B, (one of the braces, 0, being secured diagonally to the lower fence-rails,) and tie-wires K, substantially as herein set forth.

4. The combination, in a fence, of supports A, braces O 0, rods D, top rails, B, hangers supporting lower rails from rails B, (one of the braces, 0, being secured diagonally to the lower fence-rails,) the tie-wires K, and anchors consisting of stakes E, connected by wires]? to posts a a of supports A, and driven into the ground, substantially as herein set forth.

5. The combination, in a fence, of supports A, braces O G, rods D, top rails, B, and hangers supporting lower rails from rails B, one of the opposite pair of braces at the supports A being extended above rails B, and wires L, connected to said extended braces, substantially as herein set forth.

6. The combination, with the supports or posts and top rails of a fence, of hangers for the lower rails, consisting of two sections, the lower section having an eye in its upper end, and the upper section bent upon itself and passed through the eye of the lower section, substantially as herein shown and described.

7. The combination, with the supports or posts and top rails of the fence, of hangers H, comprising two sections, H H connected by an eye, It, and said section H having hook ends h 71, substantially as herein set forth.

8. The rail-hanger made with short bends forming half-loops h, in combination with button-links I, slipped over the half-loops If, and tie-wires J, attached in loops substantially as herein set forth.

9. The rail-hanger made with short bends forming half-loops h in combination with button-links I, concaved flatwise and slipped over thehalf-loops, and tie-wires J, attached in loops h substantially as herein set forth.

IIO

10. As an improved article of manufacture,

JOHN W. READ.

WVitncsses:

J. B. HENLEY, E. W. MOFADDEN.

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