US3242689A - Cooling system and apparatus - Google Patents

Cooling system and apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3242689A
US3242689A US351684A US35168464A US3242689A US 3242689 A US3242689 A US 3242689A US 351684 A US351684 A US 351684A US 35168464 A US35168464 A US 35168464A US 3242689 A US3242689 A US 3242689A
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United States
Prior art keywords
evaporator
refrigerant
shell
liquid
pool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US351684A
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English (en)
Inventor
Chubb Donald Edward
Frederic A Macconnell
John C Conrad
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Worthington Corp
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Worthington Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by Worthington Corp filed Critical Worthington Corp
Priority to US351684A priority Critical patent/US3242689A/en
Priority to FR7301A priority patent/FR1432845A/fr
Priority to BE660341D priority patent/BE660341A/xx
Priority to NL6502790A priority patent/NL6502790A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3242689A publication Critical patent/US3242689A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/02—Evaporators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F25B1/04—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with compressor of rotary type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/02—Details of evaporators
    • F25B2339/024—Evaporators with refrigerant in a vessel in which is situated a heat exchanger
    • F25B2339/0242—Evaporators with refrigerant in a vessel in which is situated a heat exchanger having tubular elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
    • F25B2400/0411—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the expansion valve or capillary tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F25B41/315—Expansion valves actuated by floats
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S62/00—Refrigeration
    • Y10S62/21—Evaporators where refrigerant covers heat exchange coil

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a refrigeration or air conditioning system. It relates in particular to an improved evaporator for use in the system.
  • Air conditioning systems particularly in the instance of multi-story buildings are so designed to permit year round cooling. This characteristic is essential to virtually any cooling system designed for skin type buildings in which outer peripheral surfaces and areas are subject to wide temperature gradients, whereas the inner portions remain relatively stable regardless of ambient conditions.
  • an air conditioning system in such an installation is operated during substantially the entire year to provide necessary cooling and air circulation. It is known, that a suitable degree of cooling can economically be achieved during colder months of the year by utilizing the atmosphere as a heat sink for absorbing heat from the building.
  • the system can be operated without the compressor where ambient conditions permit. Since the temperature variations during an ordinary day are not constant, and further, since the cooling requirements in a building during a relatively mild day are not constant, it is understandable that there would be a degree of uncertainty as to whether the system should be operated with the compressor or without.
  • the present invention provides an improved refrigeration system which is particularly adapted to operate efliciently during mild temperature periods of the year to provide necessary cooling to a building or other installation. This is achieved by providing the system with a novel, improved evaporator adapted to increase heat exchange efliciency of the system when the compressor is not operated.
  • Another object is to provide a novel evaporator holding a pool of refrigerant liquid and having means for circulating said liquid to cause a violent agitation in the pool, and thus promote contact of the said liquid with scription of the system and apparatus, made in conjunction with the appended drawings.
  • FIGURE 1 of the drawings is a diagrammatic illustration of a refrigeration system of the type presently contemplating adapting to distribute liquid to a plurality of areas to be cooled.
  • FIGURE 2 is a diagrammatic illustration of an alternate embodiment of the evaporator shown in FIGURE 1.
  • FIGURE 3 is another diagrammatic illustration of an alternate embodiment of the evaporator shown in FIG- URE 1.
  • FIGURE 4 is still another alternate embodiment of the evaporator arrangement shown in FIGURE 1.
  • FIGURE 1 illustrates diagrammatically a refrigeration or air conditioning system adapted to condition a multistory building by the use of air distribution units disposed at various cooling Zones and supplied with streams of chilled water and air. To provide the necessary air chilling, cold water is circulated in from the evaporator, to an air distribution unit, and thereafter returned to the system to be rechilled.
  • the refrigeration system following accepted practice, is normally located in the basement or in the lower part of a building and includes a centrifugal compressor 14 having a suction inlet 16 and a discharge outlet 17.
  • the driver is normally a motor of relatively high horse power depending on the system cooling capacity, and the operation thereof constitutes a major expense in operating the system.
  • a condenser 18 is formed by tube bundle 19 which is surrounded by an outer shell 21.
  • the said shell is provided with an inlet 22 connected to the compressor discharge outlet 17 for receiving a stream of hot compressed vaporous refrigerant from the latter.
  • Condenser tube bundle 19 is connected to an external piping circuit for carrying cooling water for heat exchange with a sink medium.
  • the external circuit includes an outdoor cooling tower 23, or similar cooling means, positioned normally on the roof of the building, and having a spray header 24 passing water into contact with atmospheric air drawn through the cooling tower by induction fan 26.
  • a pool of cooling water 27 held in the cooling tower sump, is passed through a return line 28 to the condenser tube bundle 19 for recirculation therein.
  • the condenser shell 21 holds liquid refrigerant which has been condensed by contact with the colder condenser tube bundle 19.
  • the lower part of condenser shell 21 is connected by conduit 30 to a high pressure float regulator 31 including a valve 31' operable in response to the level of liquid in the float regulator to control liquid feed therethrough.
  • An evaporator 32 includes a tube bundle 33 disposed within a surrounding shell 35, and a conduit 36 which extends vertically thereof and is connected'to the outlet of high pressure float regulator 31 for receiving a stream of condensate therefrom.
  • Conduit 36 includes an outlet 36' which is preferably below the surface of the liquid pool in the evaporator, and includes means connected thereto for distributing the condensate into the pool across an extensive area.
  • the evaporator tube bundle 33 is connected as shown to an external water circulating system for passing chilled water through pump 37 to the various cooling areas in the system.
  • Evaporator shell 35 includes discharge outlet 38 connected to the compressor suction inlet 16.
  • Outlet 38 may be provided with a mist collector 39 or other means for preventing liquid refrigerant from entering the compressor suction inlet.
  • Valve 41 may be manually operable or preferably is automatically controlled to regulate flow therethrough in response to predetermined load conditions in the system.
  • FIG. URE I under normal operating conditions, evaporator 32 receives condensate metered through high pressure fiow regulator 31, and passed into the evaporator shell 35. Flashing of condensate in the reduced pressure atmosphere causes the condensate, which comes into contact with the surfaces of the evaporator tube bundle 32, to vaporize thereby chilling the medium circulating through tube bundle 33.
  • an evaporator tube 33 will receive liquid in a substantially constant pattern depending on the disposition and number of the liquid headers and nozzles. Spray liquid then flows downwardly between and onto the respective tube walls for heat exchange with the chilled medium.
  • the evaporator rather than relying on sprayed refrigerant for the tube cooling, is provided with means for causing a violent and active foaming of the refrigerant pool held in the evaporator shell.
  • the resulting foam will tend to substantially fill shell 34 as shown, thereby enveloping the tube bundle to more fully utilize the heat transfer areas thereof.
  • conduit means 46 having a fan, blower, or other means for propelling a forced feed stream of vapor therethrough.
  • the inlet end of conduit 46 is connected as shown to the upper or vapor holding portion of the evaporator shell 35 for withdrawing a stream of vaporous refrigerant and supplying it to the suction inlet of the blower 47.
  • the blower discharge end 47 of the blower 47 is connected as shown through conduit 46 to injection or vapor distribution means 49 disposed in the lower part of the evaporator beneath the liquid pool of refrigerant held in the evaporator shell 35.
  • blower 47 and conduit means 46 are prefer-ably disposed externally of evaporator shell 35, and include valves 51 and 60 connected in the said conduit means to facilitate replacement or repair of the blower upon the closing of the said valves.
  • the entire refrigerant foaming unit may be incorporated within the evaporator shell as indicated at 62 in the subject figure.
  • the said shell will include an inlet 63 receiving condensate which is carried to condensate pool 64.
  • a blower 66 is supported as shown within evaporator shell '62 and includes a suc- 4 tion inlet disposed in the upper, vapor holding portion of the said shell.
  • a filter, screen, or demister 67 may be connected to the blower inlet although this is not essential since a small amount of. vapor can be expected to condense in the blower without harming or hampering operation of the latter.
  • Vapor distribution means 68 is connected to the blower discharge for injecting high pressure vapor streams into the condensate pool to cause the foaming action.
  • the vapor distribution means presently contemplated consists generally of a manifold chamber connected to the lower discharge end of conduit 46 to receive va-porous refrigerant thereupon.
  • a plurality of constricted openings 50' passing through the wall of the distributions means 49 deliver high velocity streams of vapors upward and throughout the condensate pool.
  • still another embodiment of the vapor injector or distribution means comprises a plurality of elongated manifolds '52 and 53 extending substantially the length of the evaporator shell as indicated at 54 in the subject figure along the bottom portion thereof.
  • Manifolds 52 and 53 are fed by blower 74 through acornmon line 65, and are provided with a multiplicity of outlets defining constricted nozzles for individually introducing high velocity streams of refrigerant vapor to the surrounding liquid pool. It is advantageous as will be appreciated to dispose the vapor carrying manifolds as widely as possible through the refrigerant pool to achieve a degree of uniformity of foaming action. However, it is understood that the disposition of the manifolds and nozzles is dependent on the size of the evaporator and the amount of liquid refrigerant normally contained therein.
  • distribution means 56 includes a single manifold 57 formed by an enclosure extending the length of the evaporator shell, as indicated at 75 in the subject figure, along the bottom surface thereof and connected to the shell discharge outlet by conduit 75 with blower 68 connected therein as shown.
  • a plurality of outlets 58 formed in manifold 57 inject high velocity streams into the liquid pool.
  • a preferred structural arrangement of a vapor distribution means dictates that the manifold be so formed to minimize the pressure drop in the discharge line from the blower, to provide maximum pressure at the manifold nozzles.
  • a perforate pipe or conduit extending lengthwise of the evaporator shell exemplifies one embodiment found to provide the desired foaming action in the refrigerant liquid.
  • vaporous refrigerant drawn from the vapor holding portion of the evaporator shell 35 may be fed into one, or both ends of the vapor distribution means 49 or from a multiplicity of inlets communicated with the blower in order to provide balance to the entire system and to achieve uniformity of refrigerant foaming of the evaporator pool.
  • blower 47 forceably introduces a vapor stream and must be of sufiicient discharge pressure to overcome the head pressure established by the liquid pool.
  • a high speed, turbine type blower connected into conduit means 46 is found to provide the necessary injecting force to cause violent foaming throughout the refrigerant pool.
  • the design of the blower is a matter of expediency depending on the capacity of the entire system which is reflected in the size of the evaporator shell and the amount of refrigerant used therein.
  • the centrifugal compressor 14 is operated to feed a hot, compressed vaporous refrigerant into condenser shell 21.
  • saturated liquid condensate is passed into high pressure flow regulator chamber 31 and is metered through valve 31' to conduit 36.
  • cooling Water circulated through condenser tube bundle 19 is passed to the upper or outer parts of the building and brought into contact with the atmosphere through a cooling tower or other appropriate means.
  • valve 41 within by-pass conduit 40 is closed thereby permitting only liquid flow from the high pressure condenser 18 to the lower pressure evaporator 32.
  • by-pass conduit 40 and valve 41 constitute a device found in the prior art and may function to avoid compressor surge under limited load conditions. This is achieved by regulating the fiow of hot refrigerant vapor moving directly from the condenser to the evaporator through the said bypass conduit. For the present device and to facilitate the description, it is assumed that there will normally be no such flow through the by-pass conduit 40.
  • Flow of cooling water to condenser coil 19 is provided by pump 61 disposed in the external water circuit for directing heated condenser water to the cooling tower 23 in which the water is exposed to the atmosphere and cooled to a desired temperature.
  • Regulation of the system cooling capacity under normal operating conditions may be through the usual means such as valving, or compressor control in response to the condition of the chilled medium leaving the evaporator.
  • the present evaporator foaming system will always be operable to inject a pressurized stream of vapor into the evaporator liquid pool. This will result since the evaporator, being located within the lower part of the system, will tend to accumulate refrigerant by gravitational feed under all loading conditions.
  • valves 51 and 60 are opened and blower 47 is actuated.
  • blower 47 is actuated.
  • a portion of refrigerant vapor rising from the liquid pool in the evaporator shell 35 will be drawn into blower 47 and discharged therefrom at a high velocity into the vapor distribution means 49.
  • vapor, on being forcibly discharged through constricted opening 50 into the refrigerant pool causes a violent bubbling and boiling such that the refrigerant pool tends to foam up in the shell and rise about the evaporator tube bundles 33 into intimate contact therewith.
  • said evaporator includes:
  • vapor distribution means includes:
  • (b) means in said manifold forming a plurality of constricted orifices for discharging high velocity vaporous streams into the liquid refrigerant pool.
  • said manifold extends substantially the length of the evaporator shell and being normally submerged beneath said refrigerant pool.
  • the last mentioned means includes a blower means disposed internally of the shell (b) the blower means to receive vaporized refrigerant from the upper portion of the shell and to discharge the vaporized refirigerant into the liquid refrigerant at the lower portion of the shell.
US351684A 1964-03-13 1964-03-13 Cooling system and apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3242689A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US351684A US3242689A (en) 1964-03-13 1964-03-13 Cooling system and apparatus
FR7301A FR1432845A (fr) 1964-03-13 1965-02-26 Procédé et installation de refroidissement
BE660341D BE660341A (xx) 1964-03-13 1965-02-26
NL6502790A NL6502790A (xx) 1964-03-13 1965-03-05

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BE (1) BE660341A (xx)
FR (1) FR1432845A (xx)
NL (1) NL6502790A (xx)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3299653A (en) * 1965-10-20 1967-01-24 Carrier Corp Refrigeration system
US3412569A (en) * 1966-02-21 1968-11-26 Carrier Corp Refrigeration apparatus
US4201063A (en) * 1978-07-27 1980-05-06 Martinez George Jr Method and apparatus for conserving energy in an air conditioning system
US4201062A (en) * 1978-07-27 1980-05-06 Martinez George Jr Method and apparatus for conserving energy in an air conditioning system
US4277952A (en) * 1978-07-27 1981-07-14 Martinez Jr George Method and apparatus for conserving energy in an air conditioning system
WO1981003062A1 (en) * 1980-04-24 1981-10-29 G Martinez Method and apparatus for conserving energy in an air conditioning system
US6497115B1 (en) * 2000-02-02 2002-12-24 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Evaporator and refrigerator
WO2020013894A1 (en) * 2018-07-10 2020-01-16 Johnson Controls Technology Company Vapor compression system

Citations (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US101682A (en) * 1870-04-05 Improvement in ice-machines
US228487A (en) * 1880-06-08 Cyprien tessie du motat
US310025A (en) * 1884-12-30 Method of and apparatus for refrigerating liquids
US1781051A (en) * 1926-10-15 1930-11-11 Carrier Engineering Corp Refrigeration
DE577447C (de) * 1932-07-01 1933-05-31 Escher Wyss Maschf Ag Kaelteanlage mit Kreiselverdichter
US2048661A (en) * 1934-03-06 1936-07-21 Cooling And Air Conditioning C Cooling of air by refrigeration
US2132932A (en) * 1936-04-20 1938-10-11 Cherry Burrell Corp Refrigerating system
US2189731A (en) * 1938-08-13 1940-02-06 B F Sturtevant Co Sprayed evaporator
US2200442A (en) * 1938-06-22 1940-05-14 Robert B P Crawford Fluid cooling
US2244312A (en) * 1938-03-31 1941-06-03 Honeywell Regulator Co Refrigeration system
US2274391A (en) * 1940-12-06 1942-02-24 Worthington Pump & Mach Corp Refrigerating system and evaporator therefor
US2440930A (en) * 1945-04-02 1948-05-04 Gen Electric Cooling system
US2718766A (en) * 1952-07-11 1955-09-27 Imperatore Thomas Method and apparatus for operating a building air conditioning apparatus
US2724246A (en) * 1954-04-01 1955-11-22 Charles E Lowe Method and means for improving the utilization of volatile refrigerants in heat exchangers
US2777677A (en) * 1954-10-06 1957-01-15 Bunch William Air tempering equipment
US3210955A (en) * 1963-07-22 1965-10-12 Carrier Corp Refrigeration apparatus

Patent Citations (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US101682A (en) * 1870-04-05 Improvement in ice-machines
US228487A (en) * 1880-06-08 Cyprien tessie du motat
US310025A (en) * 1884-12-30 Method of and apparatus for refrigerating liquids
US1781051A (en) * 1926-10-15 1930-11-11 Carrier Engineering Corp Refrigeration
DE577447C (de) * 1932-07-01 1933-05-31 Escher Wyss Maschf Ag Kaelteanlage mit Kreiselverdichter
US2048661A (en) * 1934-03-06 1936-07-21 Cooling And Air Conditioning C Cooling of air by refrigeration
US2132932A (en) * 1936-04-20 1938-10-11 Cherry Burrell Corp Refrigerating system
US2244312A (en) * 1938-03-31 1941-06-03 Honeywell Regulator Co Refrigeration system
US2200442A (en) * 1938-06-22 1940-05-14 Robert B P Crawford Fluid cooling
US2189731A (en) * 1938-08-13 1940-02-06 B F Sturtevant Co Sprayed evaporator
US2274391A (en) * 1940-12-06 1942-02-24 Worthington Pump & Mach Corp Refrigerating system and evaporator therefor
US2440930A (en) * 1945-04-02 1948-05-04 Gen Electric Cooling system
US2718766A (en) * 1952-07-11 1955-09-27 Imperatore Thomas Method and apparatus for operating a building air conditioning apparatus
US2724246A (en) * 1954-04-01 1955-11-22 Charles E Lowe Method and means for improving the utilization of volatile refrigerants in heat exchangers
US2777677A (en) * 1954-10-06 1957-01-15 Bunch William Air tempering equipment
US3210955A (en) * 1963-07-22 1965-10-12 Carrier Corp Refrigeration apparatus

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3299653A (en) * 1965-10-20 1967-01-24 Carrier Corp Refrigeration system
US3412569A (en) * 1966-02-21 1968-11-26 Carrier Corp Refrigeration apparatus
US4201063A (en) * 1978-07-27 1980-05-06 Martinez George Jr Method and apparatus for conserving energy in an air conditioning system
US4201062A (en) * 1978-07-27 1980-05-06 Martinez George Jr Method and apparatus for conserving energy in an air conditioning system
US4277952A (en) * 1978-07-27 1981-07-14 Martinez Jr George Method and apparatus for conserving energy in an air conditioning system
WO1981003062A1 (en) * 1980-04-24 1981-10-29 G Martinez Method and apparatus for conserving energy in an air conditioning system
US6497115B1 (en) * 2000-02-02 2002-12-24 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Evaporator and refrigerator
WO2020013894A1 (en) * 2018-07-10 2020-01-16 Johnson Controls Technology Company Vapor compression system
US10697674B2 (en) 2018-07-10 2020-06-30 Johnson Controls Technology Company Bypass line for refrigerant
KR20210030428A (ko) * 2018-07-10 2021-03-17 존슨 컨트롤스 테크놀러지 컴퍼니 증기 압축 시스템
JP2021530664A (ja) * 2018-07-10 2021-11-11 ジョンソン コントロールズ テクノロジー カンパニーJohnson Controls Technology Company 蒸気圧縮システム
US11592212B2 (en) 2018-07-10 2023-02-28 Johnson Controls Tyco IP Holdings LLP Bypass line for refrigerant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1432845A (fr) 1966-03-25
BE660341A (xx) 1965-06-16
NL6502790A (xx) 1965-09-14

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