US3241089A - Liquid-cooled waveguide load - Google Patents

Liquid-cooled waveguide load Download PDF

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Publication number
US3241089A
US3241089A US254358A US25435863A US3241089A US 3241089 A US3241089 A US 3241089A US 254358 A US254358 A US 254358A US 25435863 A US25435863 A US 25435863A US 3241089 A US3241089 A US 3241089A
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United States
Prior art keywords
vessel
liquid
waveguide
load
tube
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Expired - Lifetime
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US254358A
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English (en)
Inventor
Treen Kenneth Frederick
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International Standard Electric Corp
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International Standard Electric Corp
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Publication date
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/24—Terminating devices
    • H01P1/26—Dissipative terminations
    • H01P1/262—Dissipative terminations the dissipative medium being a liquid or being cooled by a liquid

Definitions

  • This invention relates to loads for the non-reflective dissipation of radio frequency (RF) power in waveguides, and has particular, though not exclusive, application when the power to be dissipated is of the order of kilowatts.
  • RF radio frequency
  • a load constructed according to the principles of the invention is of tapered form to give a good match to incident RF power over a broad band in a waveguide, and is arranged to have liquid circulating through it as the actual power absorber.
  • the interior of the load is arranged to minimize in use the formation of pockets of stagnant liquid at the power-source end of it, since such stagnant pockets might overheat enough to boil and rupture the walls. It is at the power source end of the load that such stagnancy might occur, as the liquid is introduced and exhausted at the other end.
  • a waveguide load including a vessel smoothly tapered from a large end to an apex and having inlet and outlet conduits near the large end for a continuous flow of liquid through the vessel, static means within the vessel to distribute the flow, and means in the said distributing means resistant to the liquid flow to cause turbulence in the liquid in the vicinity of the said small end.
  • FIG. 1 is a partially sectionalized plan view of a waveguide equipped with an RF load
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of part of the waveguide shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows an end view and a side view of a detail of the arrangement shown in FIG. 2.
  • a tapered insulating vessel 1 which constitutes the outer jacket of a load located within, and bolted to a waveguide termination section 2.
  • the vessel 1 is smoothly tapered down from a large end 3, where it has approximately the internal dimensions of the waveguide, to an apex end 3a, where it has an indentation 4 for the location and attachment by a suitable adhesive of a centrally disposed tube 5.
  • the tube 5 extends within the vessel 2 from adjacent the large end 3, to the indented region of attachment 4 at the apex end 3a. Adjacent the large end 3, the tube 5 is attached to an inlet water conduit 6, and at the indentation 4, the tube is castellated at 7, (see also FIG. 3).
  • Exit conduits 8 provide an exit for water entering inlet conduit 6.
  • the end of the waveguide 1 is closed, to prevent RF leakage, by a copper gasket 9 clamped by a rigid plate 10, through which pass the conduits 6 and 8.
  • An inductive iris 11 and adjustable capacitive screws 12 at the other end of the waveguide 1 constitute matching for the slight geometrical discontinuity presented by the load to the power source.
  • the vessel 1 and the tube 5 are made of fiber glass, which material has a low coefiicient of absorption for power at frequencies of hundreds of megacycles.
  • water is fed to the inlet conduit 6, whence it flows down the tube 5, through the apertures formed 3,241,089 Patented Mar. 15, 1966 by the vessel 1 and the castellations 7, and thence via the outer jacket of the load to the exit conduits 8.
  • a sufiicient head of water is fed to the load for the resistance of the apertures to cause, at least locally, a turbulent flow. This turbulence tends to prevent the formation of pockets of stagnant water at the apex end, and so should be present to ensure safe operation.
  • FIG. 2 which shows a side View of the waveguide equipped with the load seen in FIG. 1, there are seen two inspection tubes 13, 13.
  • the presence of these tubes enables inspection of the apex end of the load during operation, reduces the electric field in the region of this end, and permits the insertion of probes to sample the RF field.
  • the inspection tubes 13, 13 can serve as a safety release for water in the event of the load rupturing or leaking.
  • an RF window may be provided in the source end 14 of the waveguide section 2.
  • the diameters of the inspection tubes 13, 13 are chosen so that their cut-off frequency is above the operating frequency of the waveguide 2, so that RF loss through them is negligible.
  • FIG. 3 shows an end view and a side view of the tube 5 before the attachment of its castellated end to the apex end of the vessel 1 and of its other end to the inlet conduit 6 (FIG. 1).
  • Fiber glass is chosen as the material for the vessel 1 and the tube 5 not only for its low RF absorption coefticient, but also because of its rigidity, and facility of moulding.
  • other nonconductive materials may be used, but it should be borne in mind that a high RF absorption will tend to nullify the advantages given by the turbulent flow according to the invention in minimizing local overheating.
  • thermometers in inlet and exit conduits 6 and 8, and of means for measuring the water flow will enable the measurement of RF power dissipation in the water.
  • the tapering of the vessel 1 may be in one dimension only, the water may be circulated in the reverse direction through the load, liquids, or solutions instead of water may be used in the load, the vessel 1 may be conical for insertion in circular waveguide, or there may be apertures near the end of the tube 4 instead of the castellations 7.
  • a waveguide load utilizing a flow of liquid coolant comprising:
  • a vessel smoothly tapered from a large end to a small end and having at least one inlet conduit and at 3 4 leastone outlet conduit connected to said large end, normal to said waveguide adjacent to said small end of wherebygacontinuous flowv of liquid may be forced said tube.
  • a waveguide load according to claim 1 further comprising other tubes attached to said waveguide, each said ELI LIEBERMAN, Primary Examinerother tube having a cut-off frequency exceeding the operating frequency of said waveguide, and being disposed HERMAN KARL SAALBACH Examiner

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  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
  • Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
  • Non-Reversible Transmitting Devices (AREA)
US254358A 1962-02-16 1963-01-28 Liquid-cooled waveguide load Expired - Lifetime US3241089A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB6135/62A GB934616A (en) 1962-02-16 1962-02-16 Waveguide assembly

Publications (1)

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US3241089A true US3241089A (en) 1966-03-15

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US254358A Expired - Lifetime US3241089A (en) 1962-02-16 1963-01-28 Liquid-cooled waveguide load

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US (1) US3241089A (en(2012))
BE (1) BE628391A (en(2012))
GB (1) GB934616A (en(2012))
NL (1) NL289114A (en(2012))

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3300737A (en) * 1965-03-10 1967-01-24 Bird Electronic Corp Coaxial electrical line attenuator
US3445789A (en) * 1967-06-29 1969-05-20 Varian Associates High-power waveguide waterloads for r.f. energy
US3660784A (en) * 1970-08-28 1972-05-02 Raytheon Co Energy absorber and evaporative cooling system
US4382239A (en) * 1981-04-30 1983-05-03 Lovelace Alan M Administrator Waveguide cooling system
FR2550017A1 (fr) * 1983-07-27 1985-02-01 Varian Associates Charge calorimetrique a micro-ondes
US4516088A (en) * 1981-11-30 1985-05-07 Johnson Ray M Power absorbing termination for a waveguide transmission line
US4638268A (en) * 1983-11-08 1987-01-20 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Microwave absorber comprised of a dense silicon carbide body which is water cooled
US20060087381A1 (en) * 2004-10-25 2006-04-27 Johnson Ray M High power absorbing waveguide termination for a microwave transmission line
RU2659963C1 (ru) * 2017-09-04 2018-07-04 Анастасия Витальевна Горелова Жидкостная СВЧ согласованная нагрузка
US11380971B2 (en) 2019-12-06 2022-07-05 Ray M. Johnson Tunable power absorbing termination for a waveguide transmission line

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA576040A (en) * 1959-05-19 R. Bird James Liquid-cooled coaxial transmission line termination and method of cooling same
US3040252A (en) * 1957-11-14 1962-06-19 Warren D Novak Radio energy measuring device
US3044027A (en) * 1958-12-30 1962-07-10 Eitel Mccullough Inc Radio frequency load

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA576040A (en) * 1959-05-19 R. Bird James Liquid-cooled coaxial transmission line termination and method of cooling same
US3040252A (en) * 1957-11-14 1962-06-19 Warren D Novak Radio energy measuring device
US3044027A (en) * 1958-12-30 1962-07-10 Eitel Mccullough Inc Radio frequency load

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3300737A (en) * 1965-03-10 1967-01-24 Bird Electronic Corp Coaxial electrical line attenuator
US3445789A (en) * 1967-06-29 1969-05-20 Varian Associates High-power waveguide waterloads for r.f. energy
US3660784A (en) * 1970-08-28 1972-05-02 Raytheon Co Energy absorber and evaporative cooling system
US4382239A (en) * 1981-04-30 1983-05-03 Lovelace Alan M Administrator Waveguide cooling system
US4516088A (en) * 1981-11-30 1985-05-07 Johnson Ray M Power absorbing termination for a waveguide transmission line
FR2550017A1 (fr) * 1983-07-27 1985-02-01 Varian Associates Charge calorimetrique a micro-ondes
US4638268A (en) * 1983-11-08 1987-01-20 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Microwave absorber comprised of a dense silicon carbide body which is water cooled
US20060087381A1 (en) * 2004-10-25 2006-04-27 Johnson Ray M High power absorbing waveguide termination for a microwave transmission line
US7283014B2 (en) 2004-10-25 2007-10-16 Johnson Ray M High power absorbing waveguide termination for a microwave transmission line
RU2659963C1 (ru) * 2017-09-04 2018-07-04 Анастасия Витальевна Горелова Жидкостная СВЧ согласованная нагрузка
US11380971B2 (en) 2019-12-06 2022-07-05 Ray M. Johnson Tunable power absorbing termination for a waveguide transmission line

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE628391A (en(2012))
GB934616A (en) 1963-08-21
NL289114A (en(2012))

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